RU2472029C1 - Cutoff silencer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: cutoff silencer, lower and upper cylindrical hollow housings connected to each other, the lower of which includes a lower cover plate attached to it and covering some part of fastening elements, two side cover plates closing side openings made in side wall of lower housing, and upper housing includes an upper flange and an opening made in side wall of upper housing; at that, silencer has a pipe located in the opening of upper flange, which is put on the pipe; pipe is located in cavities of lower and upper housings of silencer and in the opening of bottom of upper housing; lower end of pipe is fixed above bottom of lower housing with a gap between them; upper end of pipe is located in the opening of upper wall of upper housing, which is connected to side wall of upper housing, under bottom of upper housing there located with a gap in relation to the bottom are at least two arc-shaped plates; at that, bottom of upper housing is provided with openings connecting the cavity of lower housing to cavity of upper housing; arc-shaped plates enclose the pipe on its opposite sides so that air gaps are formed between concave arc-shaped end surfaces of plates and external surface of pipe, and air channels are formed between adjacent straight-line edges of arc-shaped plates; at that, many radial openings located in cavity of lower housing are made in lower part of pipe.

EFFECT: reduction of sound level and improvement of silencer tightness.

Description

This technical solution relates to means for blocking gas exhaust channels connected to the exhaust pipes of diesel plants located in special structures. The silencer-cutter is designed for its use in gas exhaust systems having gas exhaust channels in communication with the exhaust pipes of diesel plants with a gas throughput of 4 to 16 thousand cubic meters for 1 hour and a gas temperature of up to +420 degrees Celsius, provided that the silencer-cutter can be installed in vertical and inclined positions.

A device for reducing the toxicity of exhaust gases of stationary power plants having internal combustion engines, containing a container with a lid, a cartridge in the container, which is a pipe muffled on both sides by pistons having cups, holes of smaller and larger diameters are made in the cups on each side surface cups are made holes, as well as a bubbler pipe passed through the pipe, means for regulating the air flow, means for supplying an activator (RU 102918 U1, 03.20.2011).

Known air cleaner and silencer of an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing with a bottom and a cover, a filter element located inside the housing, dividing the housing cavity into two cavities of cleaned and uncleaned air, which have exhaust and inlet windows, as well as noise absorption means located in the housing, having a sound-absorbing lining on the walls of the housing forming the cavity of the untreated air (RU 2150018 C1, 05.27.2000).

From foreign patent documentation, there are known devices for reducing the noise of exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, each of which contains a housing, cavities in the housing for damping noise, elements for directing the flow of exhaust gas (EP 0012143 A1, 06/25/1980; FR 2243342 A, 05/09/1975 ; US 5992247 A, 08/11/1998; GB 1,440,957 A, 06/30/1986; JP 1-27258 A, 05/29/1989).

These well-known technical solutions provide increased tightness, quality of exhaust gas cleaning and noise reduction, while they are not applicable for their use in conjunction with internal combustion engines installed in shelters, and this use provides for the exhaust gas to be cut off for a predetermined period of time.

The technical result of the invention is to expand the functionality of the muffler-cutter, simplifying its design and improving reliability.

The technical result is obtained by a silencer-cutter, characterized in that it contains interconnected hollow cylindrical lower and upper bodies, the lower of which contains a lower cover attached to it, covering part of the fastening elements, two side covers closing side holes made in the side wall the lower case, and the upper case contains the upper flange and the hole made in the side wall of the upper case, while the muffler has a pipe located in the hole of the upper flange to which is mounted on the pipe, the pipe is located in the cavities of the lower and upper silencer bodies and in the hole of the bottom of the upper case, the lower end of the pipe is fixed above the bottom of the lower case with a gap between them, the upper end of the pipe is located in the hole of the upper wall of the upper case connected to the side wall of the upper the case, under the bottom of the upper case with a gap with respect to the bottom, at least two arcuate plates are located, moreover, holes are made in the bottom of the upper case, communicating the cavity of the lower case with by the upper body, these arcuate plates cover the pipe from its opposite sides in such a way that air gaps are formed between the end concave arcuate surfaces of the plates and the outer surface of the pipe, and air channels are formed between adjacent rectilinear ends of the arcuate plates, with a lot of radial holes located in the cavity of the lower case.

The lower cover of the lower case is fixed to the pipe with bolts screwed into the threaded holes of the flange mounted on the pipe, with a plug installed in the bottom of the lower case.

Each bolt securing the arcuate plates has a shelf abutting against the lower surface of the arcuate plate so that said air gap is located between the lower surface of the bottom of the upper case and the upper surface of each arcuate plate.

The end of each nozzle, on which the flange of the side cover of any of the housings is located, is located outside the housing, and the other end of the nozzle is located in the cavity of the housing.

The lower end of the pipe is fixed to the bottom of the lower case by fasteners passing through the holes in the bottom of the lower case.

The heads of the bolts securing the arcuate plates are in contact with the lower sides of the arcuate plates.

Each hole made in the side wall of any body is formed by a nozzle fixed in it, the outer end of which is located outside the side wall of the muffler, extends to the side from the central axis of the muffler and a flange is attached to it, to which the side cover of any of the bodies is connected, and the inner the end of the nozzle located in the cavity of the silencer body extends to the central axis of the silencer outside the side wall of the body.

The arched plates are installed with the possibility of overlapping the holes in the bottom of the upper housing of movement by moving in the gap formed by the lower surface of the bottom of the upper housing and each head of the plate mounting bolt.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the muffler-cutter assembly;

figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1;

figure 3-place B in figure 2;

figure 4 - place In figure 2 (rotated);

figure 5 - place G in figure 2 (rotated);

figure 6 is a section DD in figure 2;

Fig.7 is a cross-section EE in Fig.2.

The silencer-cutter comprises a cylindrical lower hollow body 1 (Fig. 1) and a cylindrical upper hollow body 2 connected to it, between which a sealing gasket 3 (Fig. 3) is located, compressed by bolts 4, rigidly connecting the housing 1 to the housing 2.

The lower hollow body 1 comprises a bottom 5 rigidly attached to it, in which holes are made with studs 6 located in them. Outside, a pipe 7 is rigidly and hermetically attached to the bottom 5.

The cover 8 (Fig. 4) is connected to the pipe 7 by bolts 9 screwed into the threaded holes of the flange 10, which is mounted on the pipe 7. The cover 8 closes the pipe and additionally seals the exit point of the studs 6 from the bottom 5 of the lower case 1 by means of a gasket 11.

The lower case 1 also contains two nozzles 12, which are installed in the holes made in the wall of the lower case 1. The tube 12 is rigidly and hermetically connected to the wall of the lower case 1 and a flange 13 is attached to its outer end, to which the cover 15 is attached by bolts 14.

The silencer housing is sealed. To seal the housing between the cover 15 and the flange 13 there is a sealing gasket 16 compressed by bolts 14 (Fig. 5). The nozzles 12 are used to inspect and clean the cavity of the lower housing 1 and the muffler elements located therein.

The upper hollow body 2 (FIG. 2) comprises a plate 17 rigidly connected to the wall of the upper body 2 and covering the body 2 from above. In the central hole of the plate 17, a pipe 18 is fixed passing through the central hole of the bottom 19 of the upper housing 2. The pipe 18 is rigidly and tightly connected to the bottom 19. To the upper end of the pipe 18, protruding above the plate 17, a pipe 20 is rigidly attached, which serves to connect the muffler to the external pipe.

The studs 6, evenly spaced around it, are rigidly attached to the lower end of the pipe 18, the lower threaded part of each of which passes through the corresponding holes in the bottom 5 of the lower housing 1. The studs are attached so that when connecting the upper housing 2 with the lower housing 1 between the lower end of the pipe 18 and bottom 5, an annular gap 21 is formed for condensate discharge. Nuts 22 limit the possibility of deflection of the bottom 5 to the outside under the influence of internal gas pressure. Between the nuts 22 (figure 2) and the bottom 5 is a sealing gasket 23, while in the bottom 5 there is a plug 24 on the sealed gasket 25. The plug closes the hole - to drain the condensate.

In the wall of the upper muffler housing 2, a nozzle 26 is tightly and rigidly fixed, having a flange 27 rigidly connected to it at one end. The end of the nozzle 26 is located outside the housing 2. The other end of the nozzle 26 is located in the cavity of the housing 2.

At least two arcuate plates 28 (FIG. 7) are located under the bottom 19 of the upper case (FIG. 2), through which holes pass bolts 29 screwed into the threaded holes of the bottom 19. The bolt heads 29 are in contact with each plate with its bottom side. Each bolt 29 has a shelf 30 (Fig. 6) abutting against the lower surface of the plate 28 in such a way as to limit the movement of the plate 28 along its height in order to create a gap 33 for passing through it between the lower surface 31 of the bottom 19 and the upper surface 32 of the plate 28 gases from the cavity 34 of the upper housing 2 to the cavity 35 of the lower housing 2 through the openings 36. The latter are made in the bottom 19 of the upper housing 2. The plates 28 surround the pipe 18 from its two opposite sides so that between the end concave arcuate surfaces of the pl Astin 28 and the outer surface of the pipe 18 formed an air gap 37 (figure 2) for the passage of gases through it in the specified direction.

The pipe 18 in its lower part has many holes 38, made at the end of the pipe around the axis and serving for the passage of gases from the cavity 35 into the cavity of the pipe 18.

The arched plates 28 (Fig. 7) are able to move along the bolts 29 and are arranged so that when they are in the highest position they completely overlap the through holes 36 on the bottom 19. On the housing 2, supports 39 are mounted on its outer side for mounting the silencer on special stand (not shown).

The muffler-cutter operates as follows.

For use, a silencer-cutter is mounted on a stand using supports 39. A gas exhaust pipe of a diesel installation is connected to the flange 27, and an external pipeline to the atmosphere is connected to the flange 20. The exhaust gases through the pipe 26 fall into the cavity 34 of the upper housing. Due to the expansion of the gas stream in a larger volume, its pulsation and sound are smoothed out. Next, the gas stream through the holes 36 and the gaps 33, 37 passes into the cavity 35 of the lower housing 2, where there is an additional equalization of the ripple. From the cavity 35, the flow through the openings 37 in the pipe 18 and the gap 21 between the pipe 18 and the bottom 5 passes into the pipe 18 and then through the external pipeline to the atmosphere.

Sound attenuation occurs due to the loss of energy of the exhaust gas flow during expansion, multiple reflection of the sound wave from the internal elements of the muffler and a threefold change in the direction of flow.

With a sharp increase in pressure from the side of the external pipeline, a gas flow arises in the pipe 18, which, exiting through the openings 38 and the gap 21, presses on the lower side of the half rings 28, lifts them and presses them to the lower side 31 of the bottom 19. At the same time, the half rings overlap the openings 3 and the cavities 34 and 35 are separated. This prevents the penetration of the gas stream from the atmosphere into the cavity 35 and further into the exhaust pipe of the diesel installation. In this case, the half rings 28 remain pressed to the lower side 31 of the bottom 19 until the pressure in the cavity 35 exceeds the pressure in the cavity 34. In this case, the half rings under the influence of their own weight will move down to the contact of their lower surfaces with the heads of the bolts 29, releasing thus, the through holes 36 in the bottom 19. In this case, the message between the cavities 34 and 35 of the silencer is restored.

Next, the muffler cycle is repeated. Due to the fact that the silencer-cutter presented in this description has a simple layout and simple design, its reliability is significantly increased. The use of half rings in the design makes it possible to overlap the openings 3 and disconnect the silencer cavities 34 and 35 in cases of a sharp and significant increase in air pressure in the atmosphere, for example, during an explosion, which eliminates the occurrence of air pressure from the side of the external pipeline in communication with the atmosphere. The elimination of the penetration of air flow under high pressure from the atmosphere into the cavity 35 of the muffler and, further, into the exhaust pipe of the diesel installation, significantly increases the reliability of the muffler-cutter, eliminates the impact on the diesel installation of an increase in air pressure in the atmosphere.

Claims (8)

1. Silencer-cutter, characterized in that it contains interconnected hollow cylindrical lower and upper bodies, the lower of which contains a lower cover attached to it, covering part of the fastening elements, two side covers covering side holes made in the side wall of the lower case, and the upper case contains the upper flange and the hole made in the side wall of the upper case, while the muffler has a pipe located in the hole of the upper flange, which is mounted on the pipe, pipe p located in the cavities of the lower and upper silencer bodies and in the hole of the bottom of the upper case, the lower end of the pipe is fixed above the bottom of the lower case with a gap between them, the upper end of the pipe is located in the hole of the upper wall of the upper case connected to the side wall of the upper case, under the bottom of the upper case with a gap in relation to the bottom, at least two arcuate plates are located, moreover, holes are made in the bottom of the upper case communicating the cavity of the lower case with the cavity of the upper case, decree Other arched plates enclose the pipe from its opposite sides in such a way that air gaps are formed between the end concave arcuate surfaces of the plates and the outer surface of the pipe, and air channels are formed between adjacent rectilinear ends of the arcuate plates, and many radial holes are made in the lower part of the pipe in the cavity of the lower body. 2. The muffler-cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower cover of the lower case is fixed to the nozzle with bolts screwed into the threaded holes of the flange mounted on the nozzle, while a plug is installed in the bottom of the lower case. 3. The silencer-cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that each bolt securing the arcuate plates has a shelf abutting against the lower surface of the arcuate plate so that said air gap is located between the lower surface of the bottom of the upper case and the upper surface of each arcuate plate. 4. The silencer-cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of each nozzle on which the flange of the side cover of any of the housings is located is located outside the housing, and the other end of the nozzle is located in the cavity of the housing. 5. The silencer-cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end of the pipe is fixed to the bottom of the lower case by fasteners passing through holes in the bottom of the lower case. 6. The silencer-cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the heads of the bolts securing the arched plates are in contact with the lower sides of the arched plates. 7. The muffler-cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that each hole made in the side wall of any housing is formed by a pipe fixed therein, the outer end of which is located outside the side wall of the muffler, extends to and away from the central axis of the muffler a flange is fixed to which the side cover of any of the housings is connected, and the inner end of the nozzle is located in the cavity of the silencer body, extends to the central axis of the silencer outside the side wall of the housing. 8. The silencer-cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the arcuate plates are installed so that they can overlap the holes in the bottom of the upper case by moving in the gap formed by the lower surface of the bottom of the upper case and each head of the plate mounting bolt.

Images