RU2471586C2 - Stepped laminar board and method of its production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of laminar boards and shells with light fillers, particularly, to stepped laminar board and method of its production. Proposed board comprises top and bottom shells with folding four-beam filler from sheet blank consisting of elementary modules, each being formed by two beams of sawtooth and zigzag beams. Filler is made stepped from signal blank and comprises inclined folded flat sections in its final transformed state. Inclination of one section allows varying between sawtooth and zigzag beams. Proposed method consists in marking and bending sheet blanks along marked lines, transforming sheet blank into relief state, making n-quantity of stages on filler zigzag and sawtooth lines to be transformed into preset width and height described by mathematical expressions.

EFFECT: better manufacturability.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the production of multilayer panels and shells with lightweight aggregates and can be used in the manufacture of multilayer panels in aircraft, shipbuilding, construction and other industries.

The well-known "Method of manufacturing a multilayer panel", in which the increase in strength and rigidity of the panel is achieved due to the fact that the honeycomb core is made from strips of material specified by the calculation of the width and adjacent strips of the bulky filler are pivotally connected to each other with an equal pitch in their lower zone. Then, the outer and inner skins are glued to the bulky filler (Copyright Certificate SU No. 1078007, MKI B32B 3/12. Three-layer panel. - Publish. 07.03.84. Bull. No. 9).

The disadvantage of this method and device is the complexity of manufacturing the articulated connector and its subsequent attachment to the filler strips, which leads to an increase in mass and an increase in the complexity of manufacturing a multilayer panel.

The known "Method of manufacturing a multilayer panel of a curved shape with a zigzag corrugated filler", realizing a device of a multilayer panel of a curved shape with a zigzag corrugated filler, in which the increase in strength and stiffness of the panel is achieved due to the fact that the filler is made in the form of two layers of a zigzag corrugation, while the main the corrugated layer is connected to the upper and lower casing, and the additional corrugated layer is connected to the upper casing and the main corrugated with OEM. USSR copyright certificate No. 1830326, MKI V23K 20/00. Publ. 07/30/93. Bull. No. 28.

The disadvantage of this invention is that the use of two layers of filler with different geometric parameters increases the weight of the panel and requires the manufacture of different from each other in the design of snap, which increases the material consumption and the complexity of manufacturing.

Closest to the technical nature of the proposed invention by the method is "Panel curved shape and method of its manufacture." Patent RU No. 2381955 dated January 10, 2008, IPC B64C 3/26, B32B 3/20, B21D 47/00, publ. 02/20/2010, According to the method of manufacturing a multilayer panel of a curved shape with separate shaping of the skin of a given curvature and a filler layer, the sheet blank at the first stage is marked with bending lines forming elementary modules with predetermined geometric parameters. At the second stage, the sheet blank is transformed into a relief position in which it will take the form of a folded spiral structure. At the third stage, the resulting folded structure is formed to a finite-transformed state characterized by the formation of cells bounded by inclined and vertical walls.

The disadvantage of this method is the increase in complexity during the formation of a multilayer panel of a spiral shape, and the lack of integrity of the connection of the side surfaces of the spiral with each other leads to a decrease in rigidity and strength, which also affects the complexity.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed invention in terms of the device is "Panel curved shape and method of its manufacture." Patent RU No. 2381955 dated January 10, 2008, IPC B64C 3/26, B32B 3/20, B21D 47/00, publ. 02/20/2010, containing the upper and lower casing and placed between them a zigzag corrugated aggregate. The filler is made in the form of a folded spiral structure, containing in its finite-transformed state along each sawtooth line cells delimited by inclined and vertical walls formed by two pairs of adjacent faces in the form of irregular quadrangles separated by a segment of a zigzag line tilted to a sawtooth line common to both pairs, at angles α ₁ and α ₂ , where α ₁ is the angle between the common sawtooth line and the segment of the zigzag line dividing a pair of adjacent faces, representing the vertical wall of the cell in the finite-transformed state, α ₂ is the angle between the common sawtooth line and the segment of the zigzag line dividing a pair of adjacent faces that form inclined cell walls in the finite-transformed state, and the condition α ₁ <α ₂ is fulfilled.

The disadvantage of this invention is that the filler is made in a spiral shape, as a result of which the integrity of the panel is interrupted at the contact points of the side surfaces of the spiral and there is a need to connect the side surfaces of the spiral to each other, which leads to an increase in weight and a decrease in stiffness, and hence a decrease in multilayer strength panels.

The task of the invention is to reduce weight, increase rigidity and strength while reducing the complexity of manufacturing a multilayer panel.

The technical result consists in increasing the manufacturability of the manufacture of a multilayer panel.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a multilayer panel of a stepped form, containing upper and lower sheathing and a four-beam folded filler from a sheet blank, located between them, consisting of elementary modules, each of which is formed by two beams of a sawtooth line and two beams of a zigzag line, the filler is made stepwise from a single workpiece and contains in its finite-transformed position folded flat sections inclined with respect to each other and the inclination of one section relative to the other at the interface stage configured to change rays zigzag on sawtooth and sawtooth in zigzag.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing a multilayer panel of a stepped form with separate shaping of the skin of a given shape and a folded filler layer from a sheet stock obtained in the first stage by marking on a reamer and bending the sheet stock along the intended lines, in the second step the sheet stock is transformed into a relief state in which it will take the form of a given folded structure, forming elementary modules (EM) arranged by zigzag and saw-saw lines they, which are a set of folded flat sections in accordance with the marking in the third stage, on the resulting volumetric folded design of the filler, consisting of the zigzag and saw-forming filler lines marked on the scan, create the nth number of steps, and at the boundary of each step, the zigzag lines are replaced by saw-forming, and saw-forming into zigzag-forming, then stepped filler sections are transformed to the specified dimensions in width and height, the relationship between the cat The initial and geometric dimensions of the markings are determined by the following relationships:

L = ΣA _j + ΣB _j cosγ _2B ,

S = B _mA n _S ,

H = H _A + ΣB _j sinγ _2B ,

L is the overall dimension of the structure perpendicular to the transition line;

S is the overall dimension of the structure parallel to the transition line;

H is the overall dimension of the structure in height;

In _mA - the overall size of the elementary module, which is a special case;

In _mi is the transformation parameter, the overall size of the elementary module;

n _S - the number of EM along the size S,

- габаритный размер элементарного модуля,

- overall dimension of the elementary module,

A _j = A _mi n _ij ,

B _j = B _mi n _ij ,

Aj and Bj are the dimensions of sections A (horizontal sections) and B (inclined sections), respectively, in each j-th zone,

n _ij - the number of EM along the size L, respectively, in areas A and B of each j-th zone,

i can take the value A or B and denotes the belonging of the EM to the sections of the stepped folded structure (CCC) with different direction of bending of the ribs, and

B _mi - transformation parameter, the overall size of the elementary module,

- угол наклона пилообразующих линий к горизонтальной плоскости;

- the angle of inclination of the sawing lines to the horizontal plane;

- высота подъема элементарного модуля на i-м участке,

- the height of the elementary module in the i-th section,

- проекции отрезков l_li и l_2i на горизонтальную плоскость, где and

- projections of the segments l _li and l _2i on the horizontal plane, where

- угол между отрезками

и

- the angle between the segments

and

,

,

l _li = a _i sinβ _i ,

l _2i = a _i sin (β _i + 2β _mi ),

- двухгранный угол при ребре 0-7, а

- the dihedral angle at the edge 0-7, and

a _i is the length of the segments of the sawtooth line, parameter i takes the value A or B,

b _i - the length of the segments of the zigzag line,

β _i - the angle between certain segments a _i and b _i ,

β _mi is the angle of deviation of the sections of the sawtooth line from a straight line passing along it,

B _mi is the transformation parameter.

The analysis of the prior art cited by the applicant made it possible to establish that there are no analogs characterized by sets of features identical to all the features of the claimed technical solution. Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets one of the criteria for the condition of patentability: "novelty."

The search results for known solutions in the art in order to identify features that match the distinctive features of the prototype of the features of the claimed technical solution have shown that they do not follow explicitly from the prior art. From the prior art determined by the applicant, the influence of the transformations provided for by the essential features of the claimed technical solution on the achievement of the specified technical result has not been revealed.

Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets one of the criteria for the conditions of patentability: "inventive step".

One of the directions of creating weight-optimal structures is the use of three-layer panels with folded filler. Currently, there are cases of the effective use of flat and curved panels with such placeholders.

In the designs of engineering products, step-shaped units are widely distributed, which are expedient to optimize by weight. One of the options for reducing the weight of such structures is the use of stepped three-layer panels with folded aggregate made of a solid sheet blank. As our research has shown, such a folded filler can be composed of a scan sheet marked with lines shown in figure 1.

There are known cases of the use of folded structures used for marking with zigzag and straight lines, which then turn into zigzag and sawtooth lines when folded together when added. As our research has shown, if the marking is performed in both orthogonal directions in zigzag lines, a step design can be obtained by adding. If markup is made with identical future rhombic faces, then using known folding technologies, you can get a placeholder with horizontal surfaces having zigzag and sawtooth lines.

From this flat pleated structure, a stepped one can be obtained. To do this, at the intended boundary of the zigzag line, it is necessary to reformat the elementary modules in such a way that the zigzag lines of the structure turn into sawtooth and sawtooth into zigzag. If it is necessary to obtain the next step, then on the outlined zigzag line it is necessary to carry out the reforming again. Thus, having a corresponding flat folded structure composed of markings made by orthogonal zigzag lines, it is possible to carry out a stepped structure with n steps.

The corresponding geometric relationships will be given below, allowing to establish a relationship between the initial dimensions of the marking and the final dimensions of the stepped folded structure (CCC).

Figure 2 shows the folded structure of the structure with n number of steps and the corresponding notation regarding this structure. We single out a single step from this design and designate the parameters inherent in one step, the step contains two elements: horizontal (A) and inclined (B). On the border of the transition from one element to another, as well as on the border of steps, zigzag lines change to sawtooth and sawtooth to zigzag ones, i.e. reformation of elementary modules is carried out.

To clarify the essence of the invention, we consider the drawings, where:

figure 1 shows a scan of the folded placeholder;

figure 2 shows a General view of a multilayer panel step form of a folded structure (CCC), consisting of a four-beam folded filler sheet blanks (upper and lower plating not shown);

figure 3 shows sections a and b on the scan;

figure 4 shows the elementary module CCC in a partially folded state,

in the drawings, the numbers indicate the following positions:

1 - lower and upper (conditionally not shown) casing;

2 - folded placeholder;

3 - zigzag lines of protrusions;

4 - zigzag lines of depressions;

5 - sawtooth lines;

6 - sheet blank.

The inventive method of manufacturing a multilayer panel step form is implemented as follows:

1. Make the outer and inner sheathing 1 panel;

2. Mark the sweep on the sheet blank 6, having the dimensions of the filler 2 in its flat state, with equidistant-zigzag fold lines 3, 4, and sawtooth lines 5 orthogonally located to them, forming elementary modules, the parameters of which and their interconnection are related to structural parameters finished aggregate 2 from a solid sheet blank ratios:

L = ΣA _j + ΣB _j cosγ _2B ,

S = B _mA n _S ,

H = H _A + ΣB _j sinγ _2B ,

where L is the overall dimension of the structure perpendicular to the transition line;

S is the overall dimension of the structure parallel to the transition line;

H is the overall dimension of the structure in height;

In _mA - the overall size of the elementary module, which is a special case;

B _mi is the transformation parameter, the overall size of the elementary module;

n _s is the number of EMs along size S,

- габаритный размер элементарного модуля,

- overall dimension of the elementary module,

A _j = A _mi n _ij ,

B _j = B _mi n _ij ,

A _j and B _j are the dimensions of sections A (horizontal sections) and B (inclined sections), respectively, in each j-th zone,

n _ij - the number of EM along the size L, respectively, in areas A and B of each j-th zone,

i - can take the value A or B and denotes the belonging of the EM to the sections of the stepped folded structure (CCC) with different directions of bending of the ribs,

moreover

B _mi - transformation parameter, the overall size of the elementary module,

A zone is a part of a structure that includes one section A and one section B (Figure 3). Sections A and B are demarcated by a transition line along which the direction of folding of the stepped folded structure (CCC) changes, and the index i can take the value A or B and indicates that the EM belongs to sections of the CCC with different direction of rib bending, while

B _mi - transformation parameter, the overall size of the elementary module (Figure 4);

- угол наклона пилообразующих линий к горизонтальной плоскости;

- the angle of inclination of the sawing lines to the horizontal plane;

- высота подъема элементарного модуля на i-м участке;

- the height of the elementary module in the i-th section;

и

- проекции (фиг.4) отрезков l_1i и l_2i на горизонтальную плоскость, где

and

- projection (figure 4) of the segments l _1i and l _2i on the horizontal plane, where

- угол между отрезками

и

- the angle between the segments

and

,

,

l _1i = a _i sinβ _i ,

l _2i = a _i sin (β _i + 2β _mi ),

- двухгранный угол при ребре 0-7.

- dihedral angle at the edge 0-7.

3. The sheet blank 6 is subjected to shaping to obtain the desired volumetric embossed structure of the aggregate 2, folding the flat panel in accordance with the marking, forming elementary modules arranged in equidistant-zigzag and saw-forming lines, which are a set of folded flat sections.

4. The n-th number of steps is created on the obtained volumetric embossed folded structure of the filler, for this it is necessary to transform the structures using re-forming elementary modules by changing the elementary modules by changing the zigzag lines of the structure according to the given step shape and with the specified overall dimensions along the boundary of the zigzag line of the workpiece into saw-forming, and saw-forming into zigzag-forming. That is, if it is necessary to obtain the next step, then on the intended zigzag line it is necessary to re-form again, i.e. reformat the elementary modules, bringing the overall dimensions in accordance with the drawing, for which the calculation should be started with the parameters of section B. As can be seen from figure 3, the parameter A _{mB of} section B is equal to the parameter B _{mA of} section A. Since in this EM dimensioning scheme the parameter Bmi is the initial for calculating the parameters of the EM, then, having received the parameter A _mB , you can also calculate the EM of section A. To calculate the parameters of the modules of different sections, similar formulas are used, and the parameter β _{mA is} calculated by the formula

In this case, the workpiece was drawn with equidistant zigzag lines and saw-forming lines orthogonally located to them (a scan of such a structure is shown in Fig. 3), where the parameters are needed to describe the elementary module of this structure:

a _i is the length of the segments of the sawtooth line, parameter i takes the value A or B,

b _i - the length of the segments of the zigzag line,

β _i - the angle between certain segments a _i and b _i (figure 2),

β _mi is the angle of deviation of the sections of the sawtooth line from a straight line passing along it,

In _mi , the transformation parameter.

5. The resulting folded design of the step-shaped aggregate 2 is connected to the outer and inner skins 1 using composite material.

Technical appraisal and economic advantages in comparison with well-known analogues

The proposed technical solution for the design of the multilayer panel and the method for its production of a step shape with a filler from a whole sheet allows you to create structures with increased characteristics in strength and stiffness with less weight. It is possible to create cantilever structures from multilayer panels with a powerful single mount. In this case, depending on the layout, different sections may have different height of the filler and different stiffness.

Claims (2)

1. A multilayer panel of a stepped form, containing upper and lower sheathing and a four-beam folded placeholder placed from a sheet blank between them, consisting of elementary modules, each of which is formed by two beams of a sawtooth line and two beams of a zigzag line, characterized in that the filler is made of step of a single workpiece and contains in its finite-transformed position folded flat sections inclined with respect to each other, and the inclination of one section with respect to another at the step boundary, it is possible to change zigzag beams to sawtooth and sawtooth to zigzag beams. 2. A method of manufacturing a multilayer step-shaped panel with separate shaping of the skin of a given shape and a folded filler layer from a sheet stock obtained in the first stage by marking on a reamer and bending the sheet stock along the outlined lines, in the second step, the sheet stock is transformed into a relief state in which it will take the form of a given folded structure, forming elementary modules lined with zigzag and saw-forming lines, which are a set of folded flat sections in accordance with the marking, characterized in that in the third stage, on the obtained volumetric folded construction of the aggregate, consisting of zigzag and saw-forming filler lines marked on the scan, an nth number of steps is created, and at the boundary of each step, the zigzag lines are changed on saw-forming, and saw-forming on zigzag-forming, then the stepped filler sections are transformed to the specified dimensions in width and height, the relationship between which and the geometric marking size is determined by the following relationships:
L = ΣA _j + ΣB _j cosγ _2B ,
S = B _mA n _S ,
H = H _A + ΣB _j sinγ _2B ,
Where
L is the overall dimension of the structure perpendicular to the transition line;
S is the overall dimension of the structure parallel to the transition line;
H is the overall dimension of the structure in height;
In _mA - the overall size of the elementary module, which is a special case;
In _mi is the transformation parameter, the overall size of the elementary module;
n _S is the number of elementary modules along size S,

- overall dimension of the elementary module,
A _j = A _mi n _ij ,
B _j = B _mi n _ij ,
A _j and B _j are the dimensions of sections A (horizontal sections) and B (inclined sections), respectively, in each j-th zone,
n _ij is the number of elementary modules along the size L, respectively, in sections A and B of each j-zone,
i can take the values A and B, and denotes the belonging of the EM to the sections of the stepped folded structure (USSR) with different directions of bending of the ribs,
moreover
In _mi - the transformation parameter, the overall size of the elementary module,

- the angle of inclination of the sawing lines to the horizontal plane,

- the height of the elementary module in the i-th section,

and

- projections of the segments l _li and l _2i on the horizontal plane, where

- the angle between the segments

and

,

,
l _li = a _i sinβ _i ,
l _2i = a _i sin (β _i + 2β _mi ),

- dihedral angle at the edge 0-7, and
and _i is the length of the segments of the sawtooth line, parameter i takes the value A or B,
b _i - the length of the segments of the zigzag line,
β _i - the angle between certain segments a _i and b _i ,
β _mi is the angle of deviation of the sections of the sawtooth line from a straight line passing along it,
B _mi is the transformation parameter.

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