RU2470119C2 - Device for formation of wells by method of soil compaction in well wall - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction, namely, to erection of foundations on filling piles, as well as for trenchless installation of pipelines, cable communication and power transmission lines. A device comprises an expander in the form of a hub with a helical blade and a conical tip, rigidly connected with a tubular shaft with outlet holes aligned perpendicularly to its axis, a screw leader, the helical blade of which has the same winding and pitch as the helical blade of the expander hub, a source of a gas dynamic pulse connected to the tubular shaft. The screw leader is equipped with a mechanism of obstacle damage, and the tubular shaft is connected to the source of a gas dynamic pulse with a hollow rod, inside of which there is a pipeline mounted for supply of compressed air to drive the mechanism of obstacle damage.

EFFECT: device makes it possible to reduce losses of wells in soils with inclusions of stones and boulders to the minimum.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction, namely, the construction of foundations on printed piles, as well as for trenchless laying of pipelines, cable communication lines and power lines.

Known devices for the formation of wells in the soil by rolling. The closest to the proposed technical essence and the achieved result is a screw pile containing an expander in the form of a hub with a screw blade and a conical tip, rigidly connected to a tubular shaft with exhaust holes oriented perpendicular to its axis, with a screw leader, the screw blade of which has the same winding and a step, both the helical blade of the expander hub and the source of the gas-dynamic impulse connected to the tubular shaft [1].

A disadvantage of the known device is that when meeting with an obstacle in the form of a stone or a boulder in the ground, the screw leader abuts against it, as a result of which the moment for screwing the pile increases, which ultimately leads to loss of the well.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the device.

To achieve this goal, the screw leader is equipped with an obstacle destruction mechanism, and the tubular shaft is connected to the gas-dynamic pulse source by a hollow rod, inside which a pipeline for supplying compressed air to the obstacle destruction mechanism drive is mounted, while the obstacle destruction mechanism is made in the form of a pneumatic hammer, the body of which is a shaft a screw leader, at the end of which a working tool is installed on the spring, and inside is a movable piston-hammer and air distribution device oystvo for supplying air under the piston and the firing pin and discharging it into the atmosphere.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the device for the formation of wells by compaction of soil in the wall of the well, figure 2 is a section of a screw leader equipped with a pneumatic hammer for breaking obstacles.

A device for forming wells by compaction of soil in the wall of the well comprises an expander in the form of a hub 1 with a screw blade 2 and a conical tip 3, rigidly connected to a tubular shaft 4 with exhaust holes 5 oriented perpendicular to its axis, with a screw leader shaft 6, a screw blade 7 of which has the same winding and pitch as the helical blade of the expander hub (Fig. 1). The screw leader is equipped with an obstacle destruction mechanism made in the form of a pneumatic hammer, the housing of which is a screw leader shaft, inside of which a working tool 9, a movable piston-striker 10, an air-distributing device 11 for supplying air under the piston-striker and removing it to the atmosphere. The tubular shaft is connected to the gas-dynamic pulse source 12 by a hollow rod 13, inside which a pipe 14 for supplying compressed air for driving a pneumatic hammer is mounted (FIG. 2).

To form a well, the screw leader shaft 6 is installed at the desired point and the rod 13 is rotated. The screw leader, rotating together with the rod, is screwed into the ground, forming a leader well, and carries along the tubular shaft 4, and with it the conical tip 3 of the expander and the hub 1 to the ground. When screwing a screw blade 2 of the hub of the expander into the soil, the leader well is isolated from the soil surface, and the moment for screwing the device increases. At this moment, the source of the gas-dynamic impulse 12 is triggered. The shock wave of a microexplosion through the holes 5 presses the soil from the tubular shaft 4, which is the epicenter of the explosion, expanding the leader well to the desired size. In the axial direction, the gas-dynamic effect on the soil does not extend, since the ends of the expandable well are isolated on one side by the helical blade 7 of the anchor, and on the other by the conical tip 3 and the helical blade 2 of the hub, as a result of which the axial pressure of the gas during expansion of the well is perceived by these elements, additionally loading tensile tubular shaft 4.

As a result of the expansion of the well by gas-dynamic action, the axial force required to form the well decreases, and therefore, the moment required to tighten the device decreases. In the event of an obstacle in front of the screw leader in the form of a large stone or boulder, which prevents the axial movement of the device, the rotation moment reaches its maximum value and then the obstacle destruction mechanism starts to work. To this end, compressed air is supplied from the source through a pipe 14 mounted inside the hollow rod 13, which, with the help of a distributing device 11, drives the piston-hammer 10. The piston-hammer, striking the anvil of the working tool 9, destroys the obstacle in front of the screw leader, the spring 8 ensures the return of the working tool after hitting the striking piston to its original position, which allows the impact energy to be completely concentrated on the destruction of the obstacle. The mechanism of destruction of an obstacle in its action is similar to a pneumatic jackhammer.

After the destruction of the obstacle, the moment for screwing in the device decreases and the process of drilling continues. After the well is drilled, the rotation of the rod 13 is reversed to the design length, as a result of which the screw blades of the leader and expander 2, which are larger in diameter than the diameter of the well, are unscrewed from it, leaving a screw mark on its surface that will increase the bearing capacity of the printed pile installed in such a well . When forming boreholes for trenchless laying of communications, the device is dismantled from two sides.

Application of the proposed design will significantly increase the diameter of the borehole obtained by compaction of soil in the borehole wall, reduce energy consumption, increase productivity and length of well laying, while the presence in the screw leader of a mechanism for destroying obstacles leads to minimal loss of boreholes, especially in soil with stones and boulders.

Information sources

1. Pat. 2341620 Russian Federation IPC E02D 5/56 Screw pile / Romakin N.E., Romakin D.N., Maksimov V.P .: applicant and patent holder: State educational institution of higher professional education "Saratov State Technical University". - No. 2007106993/03; declared 02/26/07 .; publ. 20.12.08 .; bull. Number 35.

Claims (2)

1. A device for producing wells by a method of compaction of soil in the wall of a well, comprising an expander in the form of a hub with a screw blade and a tapered tip, rigidly connected to a tubular shaft with exhaust holes oriented perpendicular to its axis, a screw leader, the screw blade of which has the same winding and pitch as the screw blade of the expander hub, the source of the gas-dynamic impulse connected to the tubular shaft, characterized in that the screw leader is equipped with a mechanism for destroying obstacles, and pipes the fourth shaft is connected to the gas-dynamic pulse source by a hollow rod, inside which a pipeline for supplying compressed air to drive the mechanism of destruction of obstacles is mounted. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the obstacle destruction mechanism is made in the form of a pneumatic hammer, the body of which is a screw leader shaft, at the end of which a working tool is mounted on the spring, and inside is a movable piston-striker and an air distribution device for air supply under the piston-hammer and its removal into the atmosphere.

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