RU2467560C2 - Irrigation system of nutrient solution - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. The proposed system comprises one line of water supply, which is connected with the mixing tank through the sand-gravel filter and a water supply pipeline, and a drip irrigation network, the control unit connected to the irrigation pump, a flow meter, valves of dosing the matrix solutions and acids, water valve, irrigation valves and a sensor of level of liquid, conductivity and pH. On the line of water supply the water filter and the water valve is mounted. The irrigation system is connected to the mixing tank through the irrigation pipeline, on which the irrigation pump, a filter for irrigation solution and irrigation valves are consistently mounted. The irrigation pipeline in the area between the flow meter and the irrigation pump is connected via ejection pipe with at least one ejection pump to supply the matrix solution, and with one ejection pump to supply acid. The inputs of the ejection pumps to supply the matrix solution and acid through the valves of dosing are connected respectively with tanks for matrix solution and acid, and the outputs - with a mixing tank. On the ejection pipe at least one sensor of electrical resistance is mounted, and at the input to the ejection pumps the ejection pipe is connected with the mixing tank through the bypass pipeline on which at least one pH sensor is mounted. The sensors of level of liquid are mounted in the mixing tank and tanks for matrix solutions and acid.

EFFECT: invention improves the accuracy of dosing of nutrients, provides the ability to control the parameters of irrigation solution.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to irrigation systems and can be used for automated preparation of irrigation solutions, planning and daily irrigation in greenhouse production.

The prior art system for irrigation (see RU 2191500 C2, 10.27.2002), containing a mortar assembly consisting of containers for mother liquors with their pipelines connected through injectors at one end to a mixing tank, which is connected by a pipe through a mains pump and an electromagnetic a valve with a filter inlet and through a second solenoid valve with a drainage network, and the other ends through a solenoid valve and a feed pump with water supply. The output of the feed pump through the main pipeline with an electromagnetic valve is connected to the inlet of the filter, the output of which through the flow meter is connected to the distribution network of sections of irrigation pipes throughout the greenhouse, separated by electromagnetic valves. Moreover, solenoid valves are installed on the pipelines of containers for the preparation of mother liquors. The disadvantages of the known system are the insufficient accuracy of the dosage of nutrients.

The objective of the claimed invention is the creation of an irrigation system that allows you to organize an individual supply of a nutrient solution with irrigation control over time and according to the flow rate of the solution, accurately maintain the concentration of nutrients, monitor the parameters of the irrigation solution, plan the intensity of irrigation during the day.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to improve the accuracy of dosing of nutrients, the ability to control the parameters of the irrigation solution.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the irrigation system contains, but at least one water supply line connected to the mixing tank through a sand-gravel filter and a water supply pipe, on which a water purification filter and a water valve are installed, and an irrigation drip a network connected to the mixing tank through an irrigation pipe, on which an irrigation pump, a filter for irrigation solution and irrigation valves are installed in series, the irrigation pipeline in the area between the flow rum and an irrigation pump are connected through an ejection pipe to at least one ejection pump for supplying a matrix solution, and with one ejection pump for supplying acid, the inlet of ejection pumps for supplying a mother liquor and acid through metering valves are connected respectively to containers for a mother liquor and acids, and the outputs are with a mixing tank, at least one electrical resistance sensor is installed on the ejection pipe, and at the entrance to the ejection pumps the ejection pipe is connected to cm a supply tank by means of a bypass pipe on which at least one pH sensor is installed, while the mixing tank and containers for the mother liquor and acid are equipped with liquid level sensors, and the system also includes a control unit associated with the irrigation pump, flow meter, metering valves matrix solutions and acids, a water valve, irrigation valves and liquid level sensors, conductivity and pH.

In addition, this technical result is achieved due to the fact that the system additionally contains an evaporative cooling and after-humidification system (SIOD) of greenhouses, including at least one spray nozzle connected to the water supply line through the SIOD valve, humidity sensor, air temperature sensor and a solar radiation sensor, wherein the SIOD valve and said sensors are connected to the control unit with the possibility of opening and closing the valve depending on the readings of the sensors,

- the system further comprises, but at least one filter for cleaning the mother liquor installed at the inlet to the metering valve.

The claimed computer-controlled system provides the preparation of an irrigation solution with a precisely maintained concentration of nutrients. At the same time, the parameters of the irrigation solution are maintained at a given level by constant double measurement of electrical conductivity (EC) and the pH of the solution and by regulating the supply of matrix solutions and water.

The claimed system is schematically shown in figure 1. The system contains a water supply line 1, which is connected to the mixing tank 3 through the water supply pipe 2. A water purification filter 4 and a water valve 5 are installed on the pipeline 2. A sand and gravel filter 6 is installed at the inlet to the pipeline 2. The mixing tank 3 is the irrigation pipeline 7 is connected to the drip irrigation network 8. In this case, the irrigation pump 9, the flow meter 10, the filter for the irrigation solution 11, the irrigation valves 12 are sequentially installed on the pipeline 7, the pipeline 7 is connected between the pump 9 and the flow meter 10 inen through the ejection pipe 13 with ejection pumps for the mother liquor (ejectors) 14 and the ejection pump for acid 15. In this case, the inputs of the ejection pumps 15 and 15 are connected to the containers for the mother liquors 18 and the container for nitric acid 19 through the metering valves 16 and 17 , which serves to accurately maintain the required pH values of the nutrient solution. At the same time, filters 20 can be installed at the sites of connecting containers for mother liquors 18 and ejection pumps 14.

Electrical resistance sensors 21 are installed on the pipeline 13, which contain two chemically resistant electrodes and an integrated temperature sensor for temperature correction of the measured value of electrical resistance. At the same time, the pipe 13 at the inlet to the ejectors is connected to the bypass pipe 22, which, in turn, is connected to the mixing tank 3. Sensors 23 of the pH solution are installed on the bypass pipe 22. The mixing tank 3, as well as the tanks 18 for the mother liquors are equipped with sensors 24 and 25 of the liquid level. Moreover, if a hydraulic water valve 5 with a float is used, then one level sensor 24 is installed in the mixing tank 3. If solenoid valve 5 is used, then three sensors are used: upper, lower and control.

The system also provides a control unit 26, which is interfaced with a water valve 5, valves 16 and 17 for dispensing mother liquors and acid, irrigation valves 12, irrigation pump 9, flow meter 10, pH sensors 23, electrical conductivity 21, and liquid level sensors 24 and 25. The control unit 26 includes a computer, an interface part, indication and control elements. In the interface part there are keys for controlling pumps, valves, optoelectronic sensors for the solution level, circuits for measuring electrical conductivity and acidity, solution temperature, etc. If necessary, the control computer can be connected to a personal computer with the appropriate software.

An additional evaporative cooling and humidification system of the greenhouse (SIOD) can also be provided in the design, which includes spray nozzles 27 connected through SIOD 28 valves to the water supply line 1, humidity and air temperature sensors 29, and solar radiation sensor 30, while SIOD 28 valves and said sensors 29 and 30 are connected to the control unit 26.

In addition, the system may also contain means for mixing pure water and drainage solutions.

The operation of the device is as follows.

Water from line 1 through line 2 enters the mixing tank 3, then through the irrigation pump through line 12 to the ejection pumps (ejectors) 13 and 14. Due to the created vacuum, the solutions and acid are taken from the tanks 17 and 18, which enter the mixing tank 3. The number of mother liquors supplied and the concentration of the resulting mixture depends on the duration of the opening of the valves 16 controlled by the block 26. The resulting mixture through the irrigation pump 9 through the flow meter 10, the filter 11 and the valve 12 enters through the pipeline 7 in the irrigation dropping Yelnia network 8. The concentration of the feed solution is estimated conductivity sensors 21 and sensors 23 is determined by the solution pH. During operation, the control unit compares the measured conductivity of the solution with the given. If the task is not set (equal to zero), then the supply of uterine solutions is not performed. If the output conductivity reference is set, the control unit calculates the difference between the measured and the set value. If the concentration of the solution is less than the set, the dosing valves of the mother liquors open. In the case where the mismatch of the values is large, the valves are constantly open. With a slight mismatch, the valves open pulsed for short periods of time. Similarly, the acid metering valve 17 is controlled and supplied to the mixing tank, depending on the readings of the pH 23 sensors.

Additionally, the device can be humidified greenhouse by spraying water with nozzles 27 of the SIOD system. At the same time, depending on the readings of the sensors 29 and 30, the valves are opened and closed SIOD 28.

As an additional function, the system can clean the sand-gravel filter with a reverse water flow, control the temperature of water for irrigation, mix clean water and drainage solutions, add small doses of special solutions to the irrigation solution - growth stimulants, plant protection products, etc.

The management of the irrigation system is based on a given irrigation program. The irrigation program includes an “irrigation plan”, which is used to group greenhouse areas into zones that are irrigated equally. At the same time, an “irrigation task” is formed for each zone, which includes the following parameters: choice of the irrigation zone, task run time, mixture choice, electrical conductivity and pH of the nutrient solution, the proportions of the mother liquor, the amount of solution per plant, the time of the required pause between irrigation cycles, corrections watering intensity, start and end date of the task.

Irrigation intensity and solution composition can be automatically adjusted depending on the influx of solar radiation, humidity and air or soil temperature. The computer calculates daily total watering time and solution flow rate per day, as well as watering time and solution flow rate through each watering valve. The control units of the system can be connected to a network and connected to a personal computer, from which it is possible to control the irrigation process.

Claims (4)

1. An irrigation solution irrigation system comprising one water supply connected to the mixing tank through a sand and gravel filter and a water supply pipe on which a water purification filter and a water valve are installed, and an irrigation drip network connected to the mixing tank through the irrigation pipe, on which the irrigation pump, the filter for the irrigation solution and the irrigation valves are installed in series, the irrigation pipeline in the area between the flowmeter and the irrigation pump is connected via an ejection pipe d with at least one ejection pump for supplying the matrix solution, and with one ejection pump for supplying the acid, the inlet of the ejection pump for feeding the mother liquor and acid through the metering valves are connected respectively to the containers for the mother liquor and acid, and the outputs with a mixing tank, at least one electrical resistance sensor is installed on the ejection pipe, and at the inlet of the ejection pumps, the ejection pipe is connected to the mixing tank by the bypass pipe, to at least one pH sensor is installed by the otor, while the mixing tank and containers for the mother liquor and acid are equipped with liquid level sensors, and the system also includes a control unit associated with the irrigation pump, a flow meter, matrix and acid metering valves, a water valve , irrigation valves and liquid level, conductivity and pH sensors. 2. The system according to claim 1, which further comprises an evaporative cooling and after-humidification (SIOD) system of greenhouses, comprising at least one spray nozzle connected to a water supply line through a SIOD valve, a humidity sensor, an air temperature sensor, and a solar radiation sensor moreover, the SIOD valve and the said sensors are connected to the control unit with the possibility of opening and closing the valve depending on the readings of the sensors. 3. The system according to claim 1, additionally containing at least one filter for cleaning the mother liquor installed at the inlet to the metering valve. 4. The system according to claim 1, in which the control unit includes a control computer, an interface part, as well as display and control elements.

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