RU2465259C1 - Simulator of chemical contamination of aquatic medium with vx - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a toxic chemical imitator, which is an organophosphorus substance, specifically which simulates the process of spreading of contamination by VX (O-ethyl S-2-(N,N-diisopropylamino)ethylmethylphosphonate, VX) in flowing and stagnant water. The imitator consists of ethyl β-phenylacrylate.

EFFECT: imitator is a nontoxic readily available substance which enables to study the behaviour of propagation of VX in water, which enables to simulate contamination of water bodies by VX, eg, the channel of fresh water rivers, taking into account specific morphological attributes of separate parts of the channel and to determine the behaviour of propagation and degree of dilution in the contamination area at a given distance from the source.

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Description

The invention relates to a simulator of a toxic chemical, in particular organophosphorus (FOV), and in particular to the use of β-phenylacrylic acid ethyl ester C ₆ H ₅ CH = CHOOC ₂ H ₅ (C ₁₁ H ₁₂ O ₂ ) as a simulator of O-ethyl S -2- (N, N-diisopropylamino) methylphosphonic acid ethyl ester (Vi-ex) when studying the dynamics of the distribution of Vi-ex in the aquatic environment [rivers (constant water flow of significant size with a natural flow along the channel); reservoirs of various origin (lakes, basins, natural, artificial) flowing, standing].

Chemical contamination simulation tools are used to train troops in chemical contamination conditions, to work on optical infrared remote chemical reconnaissance equipment, to monitor and verify their operability, and to gain practical skills in working with chemical reconnaissance devices. The criterion for assessing the correct use of chemical reconnaissance devices is their operation in the presence of a simulator simulating those properties of toxic substances that cause an indication effect. The criterion for evaluating the operability of a chemical reconnaissance device in this case is also its operation in the presence of a simulator.

There is information in the literature on the use of dimethyl methylphosphonate ((CH ₃ O) ₂ CH ₃ PO) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF ₆ ) as simulators of organophosphorus toxic agents in the development and testing of lidar systems for the remote detection of chemical infections [Erin AI, Talberg D .D., Malyshev V.A., Gozenbuk V.A. Modern principles of organization and equipment of chemical reconnaissance and chemical control bodies (review) // Civil Defense Abroad. - 1991. - No. 5, 6. - S. 39-44]. However, these compounds are used to simulate the optical characteristics of type GW FOVs only in a narrow spectral range corresponding to the working spectral range of active lidar systems based on CO ₂ lasers and only in the atmosphere. At the same time, the above FOV simulators are toxic and inaccessible compounds.

Organic compounds are known that are used as imitators of FOV trimethylphosphate and dimethyl sulfoxide having spectral characteristics close to FOV in the mid-infrared range in the vapor state [RF patent No. 2261858 IPC ⁷ C07C 317/04, G01N 21/35, 10.10.2005]. However, these compounds are used in the mid-infrared range in the vapor state and simulate only the spectral characteristics of the FOV in the atmosphere.

The use of the above compounds as Vi-ex imitators is impossible in an aqueous environment due to a mismatch with the main criterion - solubility: trimethyl phosphate, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl methyl phosphonate and sulfur hexafluoride. In addition, their behavior in atmospheric conditions differs from behavior in aqueous media, where a multicomponent formulation is stratified into its components in accordance with the solubility values.

Thus, it can be noted that there is currently no simulator of Vi-ex substance for laboratory studies of the dynamics of its distribution in the aquatic environment in flowing and non-flowing water bodies.

The aim of the invention is the use of non-toxic and affordable substance ethyl ester of β-phenylacrylic acid as a simulator of Vi-ex, allowing to study the dynamics of its distribution in flowing and non-flowing water bodies.

This goal is achieved by using a substance having similar Vi-ex physical characteristics in an aqueous medium. Ethyl β-phenylacrylic acid ester having physical values close to Vi-ex was studied as a simulator.

The main criteria for choosing a simulation formulation can be considered the most complete coincidence of the solubility, viscosity and density of the simulator and the toxic chemical (Vi-ex); the possibility of quantification at low concentrations; its low toxicity; low cost and availability.

Of a number of possible simulators studied, the most suitable for use in the aquatic environment is β-phenylacrylic acid ethyl ester. Its main physical characteristics in comparison with Vi-ex substance are presented in table 1 [Weissberg A., Proskauer E., Riddick J., Tups E. Organic solvents. Physical properties and cleaning methods [Text] / Per. from English N.N. Tikhomirova, ed. Ya.M. Warsaw. - M.: Publishing. foreign literature, 1958. - With 157].

Table 1 Physical properties of imitators and O-ethyl S-2- (N, N-diisopropylamino) ethyl methylphosphonic acid ester (Vi-ex) Substance Boiling point T _bales , ° C Solubility in water,% Density ρ, g / cm ³ Viscosity µ, cP Β-phenylacrylic acid ethyl ester 272.7 3.0 1,0494 8.7 Tributyrin 315.0 0.01 1,035 11.6 Benzyl alcohol 205.0 4.0 1,042 4.05 O-ethyl S-2- (N, N-diisopropylamino) methylphosphonic acid ethyl ester (Vi-ex) 298.0 5,0 1.014-1.019 9.04

From the data presented in Table 1, it follows that, according to the totality of the evaluated parameters, β-phenylacrylic acid ethyl ester has the physical characteristics closest to the Vi substance (boiling point, solubility, density and viscosity have the same values) and therefore is most suitable for simulating the substance Vi Ex in the aquatic environment. In addition, β-phenylacrylic acid ethyl ester is a raw material for the production of aromatic substances in soap making and perfumery industry, as well as in the production of antiseptics [Chemical Encyclopedic Dictionary [Text]. Ed. I.L. Knunyantsa. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1983. - S.685].

In this regard, the most accurate, reliable modeling of Vi-ex substance in an aqueous medium occurs by a simulator - β-phenylacrylic acid ethyl ester.

The ethyl ester of β-phenylacrylic acid proposed as a simulator can be used to solve problems of simulating chemical infection in an aqueous medium:

- when modeling the process of distribution of Vi-ex substance in the channels of freshwater rivers;

- in determining the dynamics of the spread of the pollution area;

- when determining the degree of dilution of the contamination area relative to the initial concentration at a given distance from the source;

- when modeling the distribution of Vi-ex substance in a given section of the channel, taking into account its specific morphological features.

Claims (1)

A simulator of chemical contamination of an aqueous medium with a Vi-ex substance, characterized in that it is β-phenylacrylic acid ethyl ester.