RU2462682C2 - High density ceramic blocks and composite armor comprising them - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: according to the first version, a high-density ceramic briquette has the body part extended in the longitudinal direction and stroke-receiving side face. The main part of the body part is circular or hexagonal in cross section. The stroke-receiving side face consists of the proximal and distal segment. The proximal segment is curved convexly. Distal segment is aligned with the upper surface of the body part, and consists of the area which includes a part that has a concave configuration, or areas including a flat angled configuration. Cross-sectional area of the distal segment in the closing area is greater than the cross- sectional area passing through nominally designated base of proximal segment. According to the second version, a high-density ceramic briquette includes a body part having an axis, the shape of cross-section, which is symmetrical around the axis, and an end portion which has an outer surface comprising the first and the second sections. The first section has a convex curvature. The second section passes around the axis of the body part and is located between the said first section and the body part. The second section has two circular edges and a configuration in which each intersection between the second section and the planes containing the axis of the body part, passes along the straight line. Versions of composite ballistic armor plate are provided with a layer numerous high-density ceramic briquettes, wherein the said briquettes are located as numerous adjacent rows and columns. Versions of method to obtain high-density ceramic briquette is to obtain high-density ceramic briquette by pressing method.

EFFECT: simplification of composite armor and increase of its survivability.

37 cl, 9 dwg

Description

BACKGROUND

Ceramic blocks are known in the technology for use in armor plates to provide ballistic protection for personnel, as well as for light and heavy mobile vehicles and vehicles, against high-speed armor-piercing bullets or fragments.

With regard to protective armor plates, four main factors are considered. The first factor is weight. Protective armor is known for heavy but mobile military equipment such as tanks and large ships. Such armor usually includes a thick layer of steel alloy, which is designed to provide protection against heavy and explosive shells. However, reducing the weight of the armor, even in heavy equipment, is an advantage, since it reduces the load on all parts of the vehicle. In addition, such armor is completely unsuitable for light vehicles, such as cars, jeeps, light boats or aircraft, whose performance is deteriorated due to steel plates having a thickness of more than a few millimeters, since each millimeter of steel increases weight by a multiple of 7.8 kg / m ² .

Armor for light vehicles is designed to counteract the penetration of bullets of any type, even for impact at speeds in the range of 700 to 1000 meters per second. However, due to weight restrictions, it is difficult to protect light vehicles from large-caliber armor-piercing bullets, for example, 12.7 and 14.5 mm, since the weight of standard armor designed to withstand such a bullet is such that it affects the mobility and performance of such vehicles.

The second factor is the cost. Overly complex armor arrangements, especially those that are fully formed by synthetic fibers, can make up a significant share in the total cost of the vehicle, and can make its production disadvantageous.

A third factor in armor design is compactness. A thick armor panel, including air gaps between its various layers, increases the profile of the vehicle as a target. In the case of civilian modernized vehicles that are equipped with internal armor, there is simply no room for a thick panel in many areas requiring protection.

The fourth factor relates to ceramic plates used for armor protection of personnel and light vehicles, and it was found that such plates are vulnerable to damage as a result of mechanical impacts caused by stones caused by falls, etc.

In addition, for known armor panels, the greatest limitation is that such panels are not able to withstand multiple impacts.

Thus, the lightweight armor plate without the above limitations is still missing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one embodiment, the present invention provides a high-density ceramic briquette molded as a single piece for use in a ballistic armor plate, said ceramic briquette having a longitudinally extended body portion and an impact-receiving end face, in which at least the main part of said body portion is either round or hexagonal in cross section, and the specified shock-receiving end side includes:

- shock proximal segment; and

- distal segment;

moreover, the specified proximal segment is convex-curved, and the specified distal segment of the specified shock-receiving end side is connected to the nominally designated upper surface of the specified body part, and the specified distal segment of the specified end side includes side surfaces characterized by:

- an area comprising at least one part that has a concave configuration; or

- a region including a substantially even inclined configuration,

in which the cross-sectional area of the specified distal segment in the area of closure is larger than the cross-sectional area drawn through the nominally marked base of the specified proximal segment, and in which the length of the contour line of the outer surface of the distal segment in the longitudinal section is between 5 and 25% of the line length the contour of the entire molded as a single part of the shock-receiving end side in longitudinal section.

In some embodiments, the invention provides a ceramic briquette for use in a ballistic armor plate, said ceramic briquette comprising:

- body part having:

axis;

a cross-sectional shape that is symmetrical about an axis; and

an end portion representing the extremity of the indicated body portion, said end portion having an outer surface including a first and second section, in which:

- the specified first section has a convex curvature; said first section is distant from said case, and said first section comprises an axis of the case passing through it; and

- the specified second section extends around the specified axis of the body part, and the specified second section is placed between the specified first section and the specified body part; and said second section has a first annular edge at said first section or adjacent to it, and a second annular edge at said said hull or adjacent to it;

- while the specified second section has such a configuration that essentially every intersection between the specified second section and the planes including the axis of the body part, passes in a straight line, or such a configuration that essentially every intersection between the specified second section and planes including the specified the axis of the hull, passes along a line that has a concave curvature when viewed from the outside of the specified briquette;

- and end part;

however, the average radial distance from the specified axis of the housing to the specified first annular edge of the specified second section is at least 5% less than the average radial distance from the specified axis of the housing to the specified second annular edge of the specified second section.

In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of said body portion is circular or hexagonal. In some embodiments, the outer surface of said end portion is formed substantially entirely of said first section and said second section.

In some embodiments, the first and second annular edges are round, and in some embodiments, the first and second annular edges are hexagonal. In some embodiments, the first section of the specified outer surface is composed of many separate fragments, and these fragments, when assembled together, take a convex-curved geometric shape.

In some embodiments, the invention provides a composite ballistic armor plate comprising a panel provided with a layer of the plurality of briquettes described herein, wherein said briquettes are arranged in numerous adjacent rows and columns, the main axes of said briquettes being oriented substantially parallel to each other and substantially perpendicular to the shock surface of the specified panel.

According to this aspect, and in some embodiments, said panel includes a plurality of high-density ceramic blocks, wherein said convex-curved shock-receiving end face formed as a single part is positioned to be proximal to the striking flying object, and said convex formed as a single part - curved shock-receiving end side includes a distal segment, including side surfaces characterized by:

- an area comprising at least one part that has a concave configuration; or

- a region including a substantially even inclined configuration.

In some embodiments, the plurality of briquettes described herein are provided, wherein said briquettes are arranged in numerous adjacent rows and columns, the columns being substantially perpendicular to said rows, and in each of said rows, ceramic briquettes of each said row are offset relative to each other, and in each of these columns, ceramic briquettes of each specified column are offset relative to each other so that each of most of these ceramic briquettes is in contact with two I have briquettes in the first adjacent row and two briquettes in the second neighboring row so that each of the majority of briquettes is in contact with four, and only with four neighboring briquettes, and where in each row the centers of adjacent ceramic briquettes of each specified row are offset relative to each other essentially by a first distance, in each column, the centers of adjacent ceramic briquettes of each specified column are displaced relative to each other by essentially a second distance, the first distance being different from the second distance an event. In some embodiments, the first and second distances are larger than the other of the first and second distances, by a factor of at least 1.1 to 1.5.

In some embodiments, the briquettes are embedded in an elastic material.

In some embodiments, the panel has an inner and outer surface, said outer surface facing the strike side, and said briquettes are arranged in numerous adjacent rows, the cylinder axes of said briquettes being essentially parallel to each other and perpendicular to the panel surfaces, with convex-curved end surfaces directed towards the outside. In some embodiments, the panel further includes an inner layer adjacent to the indicated inner surface of the specified panel, wherein said inner layer is formed of multiple adjacent layers, each layer comprising a plurality of unidirectional anti-ballistic fibers embedded in the same plane embedded in the polymer matrix, the fibers of adjacent layers placed at an angle of about 45 ° to 90 ° relative to each other.

In some embodiments, the invention provides a panel provided with a layer of a plurality of briquettes described herein, wherein said briquettes are arranged in numerous adjacent rows and columns, the main axes of said briquettes being oriented substantially parallel to each other, and each of the majority of said briquettes is in direct contact with six adjacent briquettes, and the sides of three adjacent briquettes form a contact cavity between themselves. In some embodiments, each of most of these briquettes is essentially in contact with at least three adjacent briquettes, and further differs in that the gaps formed between said adjacent cylindrical briquettes are only partially filled with material to prevent the flow of soft metal from impact flying objects through these gaps, wherein said flow obstructing material is formed as a single part as part of a special insert briquette, wherein The inserted plug-in briquette has the shape of a cylinder provided with protrusions extending only partially in the gaps formed between the sides of six adjacent cylindrical briquettes and overlapping the main part of the cross-section of these gaps, each of these protrusions being in a position remote from at least one of the two adjacent cylinders, in the direction of which he stands, and moreover, these briquettes are connected and held together with the formation of the plate using a curable material, moreover, The curable material and said plate are resilient.

In some embodiments, the invention provides a method for producing a high strength ceramic block according to the present invention, the method comprising the steps of:

but. ceramic powder is placed in the mold, said mold comprising:

i) a removable segmented upper pressure punch, the punch including:

1. the end segment having the proximal and distal parts relative to the direction of pressure application by means of the specified punch, the proximal part is concave-curved, and the distal part is characterized by:

but. lateral regions comprising at least one portion that has a convex configuration; or

b. side regions having a substantially even inclined configuration; and

ii) a clip, the clip being substantially cylindrical in shape and having at least one flat or round lower end, sides and an upper end,

moreover, the specified upper pressure punch is inserted into the specified holder of the specified mold with the possibility of extraction; and

b. inserting said upper pressure punch into said mold and applying pressure to said mold through said upper pressure punch;

as a result of the application of the specified pressure to the specified mold receive high-density ceramic described briquette.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Various ceramic block designs are described herein with reference to figures in which:

Figure 1 schematically depicts an embodiment of a ceramic block according to the present invention, which includes a convex-curved shock-receiving end face formed as a single part having a distal segment including side surfaces characterized by a region including at least one part that has a concave configuration.

Figure 2 schematically depicts an embodiment of a ceramic block according to the present invention, which includes a convex-curved shock-receiving end face formed as a single part having a distal segment including side surfaces characterized by a region having a stepped configuration.

Fig. 3A schematically depicts an embodiment of a ceramic block according to the present invention, which includes a convex-curved shock-receiving end face formed as a single part having a distal segment including side surfaces characterized by a region including a substantially even inclined configuration. As will be understood, in this family of preferred embodiments, said distal segment, at least in part, preferably has the shape of a truncated cone. FIG. 3B schematically depicts an embodiment of a ceramic block according to the present invention, in which a substantially convex-curved shock-receiving end face / first outer surface section is constituted by a plurality of individual fragments that, when assembled together, assume a convex-curved geometric shape.

Fig. 4A schematically depicts an embodiment of a mold for use in certain embodiments of the methods described herein for use in the manufacture of a ceramic briquette according to the present invention. Fig. 4B is a longitudinal section of a part 4-30 shown in Fig. 4A.

5 schematically depicts an embodiment of a composite panel according to the present invention. 5A and 5B are linear and tonal images, respectively, of a composite panel, which according to this aspect includes a plurality of ceramic blocks, and the ceramic blocks may include the plural embodiments described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention, in some embodiments, provides a single-piece, high-density ceramic block for use in a ballistic armor plate that can provide protection against flying objects at high speed.

According to this aspect, and in one embodiment, such ceramic blocks are substantially cylindrical in shape and include a circular first end.

The phrase “round first end” should be understood so that such ceramic blocks may include elongated bodies that comprise a tip in which at least one of the ends of such shells is substantially circular in shape. It will be understood that in some embodiments, such a first end may be somewhat oval in shape, that is, the overall shape need not be perfectly round, but in some embodiments it will have an approximately round shape. In some embodiments, both ends of the ceramic block will have a substantially round shape, or in some embodiments, one end may be oval or flat, while the second end or end will be substantially circular, and any of these embodiments or variations thereof should be understood as included in the scope of the invention.

In some embodiments, the ceramic block will include a substantially convex-curved shock-receiving end face of such a first end formed as a single piece. The convex-curved end face includes a proximal segment and a distal segment, and, according to this aspect, the proximal segment is convex-curved, and the distal end side segment is joined to the nominally designated circular first end. According to this aspect, and in one embodiment, the distal segment further includes lateral surfaces characterized by a region including at least one portion that has a concave configuration.

In some embodiments, a molded as a single part, a substantially convex-curved shock-receiving end face will constitute one part, the part taking on a generally substantially convex geometric shape such that the entire proximal end face segment is convex-curved. In some embodiments, a molded as a single part, a substantially convex-curved shock-receiving end face is composed of several fragments or parts that together form a convex-curved geometric shape of the proximal segment. For example, in some embodiments, two hemispherical parts are connected to each other, which make up a convex-curved proximal segment, and in some embodiments, four or six or more segments are spliced together, which segments, when assembled together, form a convex a curved proximal segment of a substantially convex-curved shock-receiving end face. It should be understood that the substantially convex-curved shock-receiving end face is in no way limited to the number of segments or the individual shape of the segments that make up the proximal segment, but rather, when viewed in a fully assembled state, the overall geometric shape of the assembled segments is essentially convex curved shock-receiving proximal end segment.

In some embodiments, the invention is directed to a ceramic briquette for use in a ballistic armor plate, said ceramic briquette comprising:

- body part having:

axis;

a cross-sectional shape that is symmetrical about an axis; and

an end portion representing the tip of the indicated body portion, said end portion having an outer side including a first and second section, in which:

- the specified first section has a convex curvature; said first section is distant from said case, and said first section comprises an axis of the case passing through it; and

- the specified second section extends around the specified axis of the body part, and the specified second section is placed between the specified first section and the specified body part; and said second section has a first annular edge with or adjacent to said first section, and a second annular edge with or adjacent to said body portion;

wherein said second section has such a configuration that essentially every intersection between the specified second section and the planes including the axis of the body part, passes in a straight line, or such a configuration that essentially every intersection between the specified second section and the planes including the specified axis body part, passes along a line that has a concave curvature, if viewed from the outside of the specified briquette;

- and end part;

however, the average radial distance from the specified axis of the housing to the specified first annular edge of the specified second section is at least 5% less than the average radial distance from the specified axis of the housing to the specified second annular edge of the specified second section.

In some embodiments, while the various embodiments of the ceramic briquettes described herein may have different sizes, such briquettes will be characterized in that they have comparable general shapes and consistent geometric shapes.

Referring to FIG. 1, which depicts an embodiment of a ceramic block 1-10 according to the present invention, the ceramic block includes a convex-curved impact-receiving end face 1-20 molded as a single part, which is located near the falling flying object 1-30. The convex-curved end side includes a proximal segment 1-40 and a distal segment 1-50. In this aspect, the distal segment further includes lateral surfaces characterized by a region including at least one portion that has a concave configuration of 1-60. According to this aspect, when a flying object reaches the surface of a ceramic block and collides with it, for example, in an area including a part of the distal segment (black arrow), the path of the flying object will change so that it does not continue along a straight path, but rather hitting a concave area will change the trajectory of a flying object by shifting it to the side (gray arrow), and thereby provide protection against a flying object, in some versions, somewhat reducing the force of impact, or, in some embodiments, dissipating part of the kinetic energy, or, in some embodiments, maintaining the integrity of the ceramic block, or, in some embodiments, combining all these actions.

In some embodiments, the contour of the shock-molded end face molded as a single part in the longitudinal section includes two convex arcs with different radii, the first of these arcs being placed along the surface of the specified proximal segment; and wherein the second convex arc is located along the surface of said distal segment.

With reference to FIG. 2, which depicts an embodiment of a ceramic block according to the present invention, according to this aspect (2-10), in which the ceramic block comprises a convex-curved shock-receiving end face 2-20 which is placed near the incident flying object 2-30. The convex-curved end side includes a proximal segment 2-40 and a distal segment 2-50. In this aspect, the distal segment further includes lateral surfaces characterized by a region including at least one portion that has a concave configuration of 2-60. According to this aspect, when a flying object reaches the surface of a ceramic block and collides with it, for example, in an area including a part of the distal segment (black arrow), the path of the flying object will change so that it does not continue along a straight path, but rather hitting a stepped area will change the trajectory of a flying object by shifting it to the side (gray arrow), and thereby provide protection from a flying object, in some versions, somewhat reducing the force of impact, and whether, in some embodiments, dissipating part of the kinetic energy, or, in some embodiments, maintaining the integrity of the ceramic block, or, in some embodiments, combining all these actions.

In some embodiments, the segment further includes side surfaces characterized by a region including a substantially even inclined configuration.

Referring to FIG. 3, which depicts an embodiment of a ceramic block 3-10 according to the present invention, the ceramic block includes a convex-curved impact-receiving end face 3-20 molded as a single part, which is located near an incident flying object 3-30. The convex-curved end face includes a proximal segment 3-40 and a distal segment 3-50. In this aspect, the distal segment further includes lateral surfaces characterized by a region including at least one portion that has a concave configuration of 3-60. According to this aspect, when a flying object reaches the surface of a ceramic block and collides with it, for example, in an area including a part of the distal segment (black arrow), the path of the flying object will change so that it does not continue along a straight path, but rather hitting a stepped area will change the trajectory of a flying object by shifting it to the side (gray arrow), and thereby provide protection from a flying object, in some versions, somewhat reducing the force of impact, and whether, in some embodiments, dissipating part of the kinetic energy, or, in some embodiments, maintaining the integrity of the ceramic block, or, in some embodiments, combining all these actions.

In some embodiments, according to this aspect, the side surfaces are characterized by a region including a substantially even inclined configuration, wherein the even inclined region, in some embodiments, forms an acute angle with a nominally designated round first end.

In some embodiments, briquettes according to the present invention are defined as including a body part and an end part. According to this aspect, and in some embodiments, the body portion has an axis, the cross-sectional shape of the body portion is symmetrical about the axis, and the end portion is the tip of the body portion. According to this aspect, and in some embodiments, the end portion has an outer surface including the first and second sections, the first section having substantially convex curvature remote from the body portion, and the first section containing the axis of the body portion passing through it. According to this aspect, and in some embodiments, the second section is extended around the axis of the body part, the second section is located between the first section and the body part; and the second section has a first annular edge at the first section or adjacent to it, and a second annular edge at the body part or adjacent to it. According to this aspect, and in some embodiments, the second section has such a configuration that essentially every intersection between the second section and the planes including the axis of the body portion extends in a straight line, or such a configuration that essentially every intersection between the second section and by planes including the axis of the hull, passes along a line that has a concave curvature when viewed from the outside of the specified briquette. According to this aspect, the average radial distance from the axis of the housing to the first annular edge of the second section is at least 5% smaller than the average radial distance from the axis of the housing to the second annular edge of the second section.

In some embodiments, the term “substantially” with specific reference to a geometric shape, such as a reference to a segment of a ceramic block along the longitudinal axis of such a block, characterized as being essentially cylindrical in shape, or as a reference to a substantially convex molded into a single piece a curved shock-receiving end face, such a term “essentially” means that the element mentioned will be approximately 51% -100% approximate in shape, consistent with the designated geometric shape. Thus, a ceramic block segment along the longitudinal axis of such a block that is “substantially cylindrical” will be characterized in that more than 51% of the overall shape of the ceramic block segment will take a cylindrical shape. Similarly, a substantially convexly curved shock-receiving end face will indicate that at least 51% to about 95% of the contour line of the outer surface of such an end side will be convex-curved. According to this aspect, the term “substantially” will include a geometric shape that is not 100% consistent with the specified shape because, as noted here, the distal end face segment is characterized by a configuration that is not convexly curved. Therefore, the term "essentially" refers to an element that is characterized in that between 51% and 100% takes the designated geometric shape, unless such an element does not exclude the possibility of being characterized as 100% having such a shape, as described here, in this case, the term “essentially” will refer to an element that is characterized by the fact that between 51% and 95% of the indicated element will take the said geometric shape.

In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the specified distal segment in the area of closure is larger than the cross-sectional area drawn through the nominally designated base of the specified proximal segment. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the distal segment is substantially equal to the cross-sectional area of the circular first end.

In some embodiments, the ceramic blocks described herein comprise any suitable material, for example, sintered refractory materials or ceramic materials, for example alumina, or, in some embodiments, ceramic materials having a specific gravity lower than that of alumina, for example, boron carbide with a density of 2.45, silicon carbide with a density of 3.2, silicon-aluminum oxy nitride with a density of about 3.2, and others, as will be appreciated by a qualified specialist. In some embodiments, the ceramic blocks described herein consist of a material, for example, described in patent document EP-A-0843149, European patent application 98301769.0, patent documents WO-A-9815796, WO 99/60327, the description of each of which is fully incorporated in this description by reference.

In some embodiments, ceramic blocks will contain material such as sintered oxides, nitrides, carbides and borides of magnesium, zirconium, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, silicon and others.

In some embodiments, the ceramic blocks will contain material such as alumina, boron carbide, glass, boron nitride, titanium diboride, silicon carbide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, magnesium oxide, silicon aluminum oxide and their mixtures. In some embodiments, the ceramic blocks will consist of a sintered, yttrium stabilized, zirconia hardened alumina ceramic product, such as described in US20090163346A1, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

In some embodiments, the ceramic blocks will contain material such as glass, sintered refractory material and ceramic material, and have at least one axis of at least 3 mm in length, and in some embodiments, each of such ceramic blocks may have substantially the correct geometric shape, and in some embodiments, such ceramic blocks are additionally characterized in that a channel is provided in each of these briquettes.

In some embodiments, ceramic blocks will have at least one axis having a length in the range of about 12 to 40 mm. In some embodiments, when an armor plate incorporating such blocks is assembled, such a plate will have a weight that does not exceed 185 kg / m ² .

In some embodiments, various panels or plates may be assembled, including ceramic blocks, which are characterized as described above, but with variations in terms of length, diameter or combination thereof for a ceramic block, which in some embodiments is particularly suitable for flying objects with variable length that can come in contact with such panels. In some embodiments, the panels can thus be adapted to be suitable for contact with bullets from 5.56 to 9 mm, or from 22 to 26 mm, as will be appreciated by a qualified person. It will be clear that the panels can be arranged to be suitable also for the impact of larger flying objects.

In some embodiments, such channels can be drilled in preformed briquettes, or the briquettes themselves can be pressed with such a channel already created in them.

In some embodiments, the ceramic block has a D / R ratio between the diameter D of said ceramic block and the radius of curvature R of said convexly curved end side, the ratio being at least 0.64: 1. In some embodiments, the ceramic block has a D / R ratio between the diameter D of the specified ceramic block and the radius of curvature R of the convex-curved end face, the ratio being at least 0.85: 1. In some embodiments, the ceramic block has a D / R ratio between the diameter D of the specified ceramic block and the radius of curvature R of the convex-curved end face, the ratio varying between at least 0.85: 1-1 / 28: 1.

According to this aspect, and in some embodiments, the D / R ratio of the ceramic block in terms of the diameter D of the ceramic block and the radius R of curvature of the convex-curved end side is such that such a value of R refers to the proximal segment of the convex-curved end side, and described above values specifically relate to such a proximal segment.

In some embodiments, the relative H / D / R ratios of height H of said cylindrical block, with the exception of the height of said convex-curved end face, diameter D of said cylindrical block and radius of curvature of said convex-curved end face, are between about 7.5: 12 , 8: 9 and 7.5: 12.8: 20.

The present invention also provides a composite armor for protection against high-speed flying objects, comprising a panel provided with at least one layer of a plurality of high-density ceramic blocks described herein, said blocks being arranged in numerous rows and columns, the main axes of said blocks being oriented essentially parallel to each other to a friend and substantially perpendicular to the impact surface of said panel, the convex-curved impact elements formed as a single part the many end faces of each of these ceramic blocks are so positioned in such an armor as to face incoming flying objects.

According to this aspect, and in some embodiments, said panel includes a plurality of high-density ceramic blocks, wherein said convex-curved shock-receiving end face formed as a single piece is positioned to be placed near or facing flying objects and said molded into as a single part, the convex-curved shock-receiving end face of these ceramic blocks includes the proximal and distal segments described here, and the decree This distal segment includes lateral surfaces characterized by:

- an area comprising at least one part that has a concave configuration; or

- a region including a substantially even inclined configuration.

It will be understood that the present invention provides for composite armor in which at least a portion of the ceramic blocks contained within such composite armor are ceramic blocks that have the characteristics described herein. In some embodiments, at least 30% of such ceramic blocks have the characteristics described here, or in some embodiments at least 40% of such ceramic blocks have the characteristics described here, or in some embodiments at least 50% of such ceramic blocks have the characteristics described here, or in some embodiments, at least 55% of such ceramic blocks have the characteristics described here, or in some embodiments at least 6 0% of such ceramic blocks have the characteristics described here, or in some embodiments at least 65% of such ceramic blocks have the characteristics described here, or in some embodiments at least 70% of such ceramic blocks have the characteristics described here, according to at least 75% of such ceramic blocks have the characteristics described here, or in some embodiments, at least 80% of such ceramic blocks have the characteristics described here, or in some At least 85% of such ceramic blocks have the characteristics described here, or in some embodiments at least 90% of such ceramic blocks have the characteristics described here, at least 95% of such ceramic blocks have the characteristics described here, or in some embodiments, at least 99% of such ceramic blocks have the characteristics described herein, or in some embodiments, such composite panels include ceramic blocks that have only such characteristics described herein.

With the involvement of Fig. 5, the linear and tonal images (Figs. 5A and 5B, respectively) show one embodiment of such an armor, for which a number of ceramic blocks have been introduced, and, moreover, such panels may include arrays of several versions of such ceramic blocks, for example, arranged in such a way that various types of ceramic blocks can be positioned at desired locations along the X and Y axes of a rectangular coordinate system, as shown in this example. In some embodiments, a panel may include only a single type of ceramic block, or any desired type, or in some embodiments, a picture of an arrangement of two or more types of ceramic blocks may be altered to suit a particular purpose.

In some embodiments, ceramic blocks and composite armor according to the present invention can be adapted to match known composite armor and armor applications, for example, those described in US Pat. Nos. 4,665,794, 4,179,979, 3,705,558, 4,945,814, 5,763,813 or US Patent Applications Serial No. 09/048628 and 08/944343, and represent the discussed embodiments of the present invention. It will be understood by the skilled person that additional relevant applications can also be provided.

In yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composite armor comprising a panel provided with at least one layer of a plurality of high-density ceramic blocks described herein, and in which such blocks are arranged in numerous adjacent rows and columns, the main axes of these blocks being oriented essentially parallel to each other to a friend and substantially perpendicular to an adjacent surface of said panel.

As will be appreciated, said panel will usually have substantially parallel surfaces, and the convex-curved shock-receiving end faces of such blocks formed as a single part will be directed towards one of the surfaces when the main axes of such blocks are substantially perpendicular to the adjacent surface of the panel. In some embodiments, it is envisaged that the panels may also be curved, in which case the arrangement of ceramic blocks inside the panel will be modified to meet this circumstance, as will be appreciated by a qualified person.

In embodiments according to this aspect of the present invention, there is provided a composite armor comprising a panel consisting essentially of a single inner layer of a plurality of high-density ceramic blocks described herein, directly bonded and held together to form a panel using a curable material, such blocks being arranged in numerous adjacent rows and columns, the main axes of these blocks being oriented essentially parallel to each other.

In some embodiments of the present invention, such a panel has an inner and outer surface, with the outer surface facing the strike side and includes ceramic blocks arranged in numerous adjacent rows, the cylinder axes of these blocks being substantially parallel to each other and perpendicular to the panel surfaces, the convex-curved shock-receiving end faces of each of such ceramic blocks formed as a single part are directed to the outer surface, and said composite armor further includes an inner layer adjacent to said inner surface of said panel, wherein said inner layer is formed of multiple adjacent layers, each layer comprising a plurality of unidirectional anti-ballistic fibers embedded in the same plane embedded in a polymer matrix, where, in some embodiments performance, the fibers of adjacent layers are laid at an angle from about 45 ° to 90 ° relative to each other.

According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a multilayer composite armor panel including an external shock-absorbing layer formed by an impact-absorbing panel as defined above; and an inner layer adjacent to said outer layer and including ballistic material for absorbing any residual kinetic energy from the impact of a flying object and its consequences. It will be understood that the ballistic material may be any material suitable for the desired purpose, as will be known to a skilled person, for example, the choice of material may be determined by cost and weight factors, as well as desirable properties for the intended strike object. In some embodiments, the material may include, but is not limited to, Dyneema, Kevlar, aluminum, steel, titanium, or S2, or combinations thereof.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the composite armor panel according to the present invention may include an outer impact panel of a multilayer armor panel, further comprising an inner layer adjacent to said outer plate including a second ballistic panel, said outer panel, among other things , used to deform and fragmentation of an impacting high-speed armor-piercing bullet, and said second ballistic panel is adapted to hold any fragments of the indicated bullet and the indicated blocks, and for absorption of residual energy of the indicated fragments. According to this aspect, and in some embodiments, the second ballistic panel may be made of any suitable ballistic material, including, but not limited to, aluminum, titanium, Kevlar®, Dyneema®, S2, and combinations thereof.

In other embodiments of the present invention, in accordance with this aspect, the plate may consist of an external shock-absorbing panel, a second ballistic panel, as defined above, and also include a third support layer to prevent injury.

In some embodiments, according to this aspect, the third layer is formed from a composite material containing a polymer matrix with reinforcing fibers, or from metals with a high tensile modulus and tensile strength, such as aluminum and titanium.

According to this aspect, and in other embodiments, the composite armor may include two or more support plates placed near a layer including ceramic briquettes described herein and positioned distally from the point of impact by a falling flying object, such that, according to this aspect, a layer of ceramic briquettes in some embodiments, is placed proximally to the first support plate or support layer, which is then separated by a cavity or gap, after which there is an additional support I am a plate or layer. According to this aspect, and in some embodiments, such an arrangement of a plurality of support plates, including the introduction of an intermediate layer or cavity, provides enhanced energy absorption and, in some embodiments, scattering, which in turn will attenuate the impact of an incident flying object in accordance with this aspect.

In some embodiments, the composite armor of the present invention will be arranged to create a compact arrangement of the ceramic block in direct contact with 4 adjacent ceramic blocks.

In some embodiments, each of the majority of briquettes along the edge of the plate is in direct contact with four adjacent briquettes, while the inner briquettes in numerous rows inside the plate are in direct contact with six neighboring briquettes.

In some embodiments, the composite armor of the present invention will be arranged to look like a compact matrix of ceramic blocks in direct contact with 6 adjacent ceramic blocks, so that such armor has more weight per square foot or meter than a matrix in which each briquette contacts only 4 neighboring briquettes.

In some embodiments, the composite armor according to the present invention will be arranged so that the ceramic blocks are arranged in numerous adjacent rows and columns, the main axes of these blocks being oriented essentially parallel to each other, and in which each of the majority of these blocks is in direct contact with six adjacent blocks, and the sides of three adjacent blocks form a contact cavity between them.

In some embodiments, the composite armor of the present invention will include a plate, as described herein, comprising a single inner layer of embedded ceramic blocks that are bonded and held together to form a plate using an elastic material, essentially inside said elastic material, so that the ceramic blocks connected in multiple rows and columns offset from one another, and such ceramic blocks are substantially completely immersed in the elastic material so that ceramic blocks form an inner layer, which is characterized by the fact that each of the majority of such ceramic blocks is in direct contact with four diagonally adjacent ceramic blocks in the same layer, to create joint lateral fixation between them, and are held in a displaced state relative to ceramic blocks in the same row and ceramic blocks in the same column with elastic material.

According to yet another aspect of the invention, there is provided an armor plate comprising a plurality of ceramic blocks and an elastic material in which ceramic blocks are embedded, wherein the ceramic blocks are arranged in a layer consisting of multiple parallel rows of ceramic blocks and numerous parallel columns of ceramic blocks, the columns essentially perpendicular to the rows, and in each of these rows the ceramic blocks of each row are offset relative to each other, and in each of of the said columns, the ceramic blocks of said each column are offset relative to each other, wherein each of the majority of ceramic blocks is in contact with two ceramic blocks in the first adjacent row and two ceramic blocks in the second adjacent row so that each of the majority of ceramic blocks is in contact with four, and only with four adjacent ceramic blocks, and in each row, the centers of neighboring ceramic blocks in the specified row are offset relative to each other by a first distance, and in each m column, the centers of adjacent ceramic blocks in each column indicated are shifted relative to each other by a second distance, the first distance being different from the second distance.

The invention provides a method for producing high-density ceramic blocks described herein, wherein said method comprises the steps of:

but. ceramic powder is placed in the mold, said mold comprising:

i) a removable segmented upper pressure punch, the punch including:

1. an end segment having a proximal and distal part relative to the direction of application of pressure through the specified punch, the proximal part of which is concave curved, and the distal part of which is characterized by:

but. lateral regions comprising at least one portion that has a convex configuration; or

b. side regions having a substantially even inclined configuration; and

ii) a clip, the clip being substantially cylindrical in shape and having at least one flat or round lower end, sides and an upper end,

moreover, the specified upper pressure punch is inserted into the specified holder of the specified mold with the possibility of extraction; and

b. inserting said upper pressure punch into said mold and applying pressure to said mold through said upper pressure punch;

whereby, by applying said pressure to said mold, a high-density ceramic briquette according to the present invention is obtained.

In some embodiments, the invention provides a method comprising the steps of:

but. ceramic powder is placed in the mold, said mold comprising:

iii) a removable segmented upper pressure punch, the punch comprising:

1. an end segment having first and second parts relative to the direction of application of pressure through the specified punch, the first section being placed proximally relative to the specified direction of application of pressure, and the specified second section is placed distally relative to the specified direction of application of pressure, and wherein said first section is concave-curved , and the second section is characterized by:

but. lateral regions comprising at least one portion that has a convex configuration; or

b. side regions having a substantially even inclined configuration; and

iv) a clip, the clip being substantially cylindrical in shape and having at least one flat or round lower end, sides and an upper end,

moreover, the specified upper pressure punch is inserted into the specified holder of the specified mold with the possibility of extraction; and

from. inserting said upper pressure punch into said mold and applying pressure to said mold through said upper pressure punch;

as a result, by applying said pressure to said mold, a high-density ceramic briquette is obtained according to paragraph 22 of the claims.

With the involvement of figure 4, and with the presentation of certain embodiments of the invention, a mold 4-10 is shown, which in this aspect contains a lower support, or a "punch" 4-20, which, for example, can be fixed or removable placed in the press -form, and the body of the mold, which may contain at least one cavity into which ceramic powder can be placed, and the upper pressure punch is inserted. It will be appreciated that additional cavities and supports may be provided in the single mold body to simultaneously produce a plurality of ceramic blocks according to the present invention, or each mold may be a mold for molding an individual ceramic block.

According to this aspect, and in some embodiments, the mold may also include a removable segmented upper pressure punch 4-30. Such a punch includes a first end segment, 4-40, which is concave-curved, and the concave-curved segment has a side of the side segments, which are characterized by:

but. a region including at least one part that has a convex configuration; or

b. an area having a substantially even inclined configuration;

and such a punch may further include a second end segment 4-50, which is located distally from the specified first end segment and proximal to the pressure source.

FIG. 4B more clearly depicts the interior of the first end segment 4-40, while a concave-curved segment having a side of the described side segments can be more clearly seen.

According to this aspect, and in some embodiments, such a method is particularly suitable for cold forming the ceramic blocks of the present invention. Such ceramic blocks are arranged in such a way that they have an additional advantage in a lesser tendency to crack, since the earlier introduction of the punch inside the mold led to the potential creation of rarefaction so that when the punch was released it could be difficult to remove the molded ceramic block and it could be marked with several cracks formed during extraction. The unique design of ceramic blocks made according to the present invention can minimize such cracking.

The present invention also provides a method for producing a composite armor plate as defined above, comprising the steps of preparing an additional mold having a lower part, two main surfaces, two minor surfaces and an open top, inserting the first lower row of said ceramic blocks into said mold in an offset position so as to form the first row of ceramic blocks, and then add additional ceramic blocks to form numerous overlying rows of ceramic their blocks, extending essentially along the entire distance between the specified secondary side surfaces, and from the specified lower part essentially to the specified open top; moreover, due to the gaps between the ceramic blocks in the first lower row, each subsequent overlying row is also formed in an offset position between the ceramic blocks in the same row, and then the indicated form and the ceramic blocks contained therein are gradually heated to a temperature of at least 100 ° C higher than the pour point of the material poured into the mold; pour molten material into the specified form until it is filled; enable solidification of said molten material; and removing the specified composite armor plate from the specified form.

As will be understood, upon receipt of the composite armor plate according to the present invention, said ceramic blocks need not be completely coated on both sides with said curable material, and in some embodiments, the term “inner layer” refers to briquettes, fully or, in some embodiments almost completely, or, in some embodiments, partially, or, in some embodiments, substantially coated with said curable material, the outer front the wafer surfaces are formed from a curable material, the wafer having an external impact surface on which the end face of each ceramic block is either coated with a curable material adjacent to said curable material, which forms the surfaces of said external impact surface, or is not completely coated with said cured material, which is the surfaces of said shock-receiving side, protruding from it, wherein the curable material and thereby the plates are resilient.

The invention presents advantages over the previously known ceramic briquettes for introducing into the composite armor, as will be appreciated by a qualified specialist. Without intending to go into any fundamental theory, it is known that in the manufacture / preparation of ballistic ceramic briquettes for insertion into the armor panels, the briquettes must withstand the effects of high-speed flying objects, it is typical that when a dome-shaped structure is formed at the shock-receiving end of such cylinders, between With a curved dome and cylinder body, a burr-like structure can be created that is usually removed during the grinding process, creating a substantially ninety degree the angle between the end of the domed region and the underlying cylindrical body. In fact, such a design includes a weak spot on the impact-receiving end of the briquette, since the region is much weaker and more likely to be destroyed when the impact energy is absorbed from an incident flying object. On the contrary, in ceramic briquettes according to the present invention, such rectangular areas at the junction between the edge of the domed part and the area of connection with the cylindrical body are specifically excluded, with the creation of an area that is not only more durable in terms of its ability to withstand impact, but also actually specifically to move the impact zone away such areas to the briquette zones, which are more able to withstand the impact of a falling flying object. It will be clear to those skilled in the art that the improvement described above represents only one potential improvement over known ceramic briquettes, and those skilled in the art will envision other improvements, and the briquettes are not limited to exhibiting such an improvement or exhibiting only such an improvement.

The terms “affiliated”, “affiliation”, “affixed” and their grammatical forms used here, refer to any functional connection or adjacent placement that is permanent and does not mean structural separation, unless otherwise specified otherwise as “semi-collapsible” ". Any equipment or mechanism for performing such a functional connection known in the art is contemplated herein and is considered part of the present invention. The supporting structures mentioned here, which are named as removable, are therefore to be understood as “collapsible”.

It should be clear that the repeated use of code numbers of the positions in the present description and drawings involves the presentation of the same or similar features of the invention.

Qualified specialists in this field of technology will understand that a variety of changes in form and details can be made in them without going beyond the essence and scope of the invention set forth in the attached claims. Skilled artisans will appreciate, or will be able to ascertain, using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to specific embodiments of the invention described herein. Such equivalents are intended to be within the scope of the claims.

In the claims, the use of a single means one object or more than one object, unless otherwise specified, or otherwise follows from the context. Claims or descriptions that include “or” or “and / or” between members of a group are considered to be fulfilled if one, more than one or all of the members of the group are present in a given product or process, used in it or otherwise have attitude to him, unless otherwise agreed or otherwise follows from the context. The invention includes embodiments in which only one member of a group is present in, used in, or related to, a given product or process. The invention also includes embodiments in which more than one or all members of a group are present, used in, or related to, a given product or process. In addition, it should be understood that the invention, in various embodiments, represents all variations, combinations, and permutations in which one or more of the limitations, elements, conditions, descriptive terms, etc. from one or more of the above claims, they are introduced into another claim depending on the same independent claim, unless otherwise specified, or if a specialist with ordinary skill in the art would not have evident the occurrence of a contradiction or inconsistency . Where elements are presented in the form of enumerations, for example, in the format of a Markush group or the like, it should be clear that each subgroup of elements is also open, and any element (s) can be deleted ( s) from the group. It should be understood that, in General, where the invention or aspects of the invention are referred to as containing specific elements, features, etc., certain embodiments of the invention or aspects of the invention consist, or consist essentially of such elements, features, etc. For the sake of simplicity, these embodiments have not been specifically stated here in each case in literal terms.

The invention includes a reference to assemblies including the cited list of elements, however, with respect to the quoted and claimed assemblies, it should be understood that while additional elements may be added to the assemblies according to the present invention, the term “comprising” follows interpreted as “consisting” of only these elements. In some embodiments of the invention, reference to the term “comprising” in relation to the cited list of elements of the claimed prefabricated assemblies according to the present invention should include a prefabricated assembly “consisting essentially of” such elements, where the term “consisting essentially of” such an element is related to that fact that the minimum elements necessary for the proper functioning of the assembly are its cited elements, however, additional elements that provide improved the operation of the claimed assembly, which impart characteristics that are not related to the protection provided by the assembly from energy associated with the blast wave, but which nevertheless communicate the desired characteristics to the assembly, are included within this definition.

Certain claims are presented in dependent form for the sake of convenience, but the Applicant reserves the right to rewrite any dependent claim in the format of an independent claim to include elements or limitations of an independent claim and any (s) other (s) claim (s) of the claims on which such a claim depends, and such a rewritten claim should be considered as equivalent in all respects to the dependent claim, in whatever form it may be (or change or unchanged) before it was rewritten in an independent format.

Claims (37)

1. A high-density ceramic briquette formed as a single piece for use in a ballistic armor plate, said ceramic briquette having a longitudinally extended body part and an impact-receiving end face, in which at least the main part of said body part is either round or hexagonal in a cross section, and said shock-receiving end face includes: a shock-receiving proximal segment and a distal segment, wherein said proximal segment is is convexly curved, and said distal segment of said shock receiving end face is mated to a nominally designated upper surface of said body portion, said distal segment of said end face including side surfaces characterized by: a region including at least one part that has a concave configuration or region including a substantially even inclined configuration, wherein the cross-sectional area of the specified distal segment in the area of closure i is larger than the cross-sectional area drawn through the nominally marked base of the indicated proximal segment, and the length of the contour line of the outer surface of the distal segment in the longitudinal section is between 5 and 25% of the length of the contour line of the entire shock-receiving end face in the longitudinal section . 2. The high-density ceramic briquette according to claim 1, wherein said ceramic briquette has a D / R ratio between the diameter D of said ceramic briquette and the radius of curvature R of said convexly curved end face of at least 0.64: 1. 3. The high-density ceramic briquette according to claim 1, wherein the relative H / D / R ratios of height H of said cylindrical briquette, with the exception of the height of said end face, diameter D of said briquette and radius of curvature R of said at least one convexly curved end face, are between 7.5: 12.8: 9 and 7.5: 12.8: 20. 4. The high-density ceramic briquette according to claim 1, wherein said ceramic briquette is provided with two convexly curved end surfaces. 5. The high-density ceramic briquette according to claim 1, in which the contour of the specified molded as a single part of the shock-receiving end face in the longitudinal section includes two convex arcs with different radii, the first of these arcs placed along the surface of the specified proximal segment, and the second convex arc is located along the surface of the specified distal segment. 6. The high-density ceramic briquette according to claim 1, wherein said briquette has an Al ₂ O ₃ content of at least 85% by weight and a specific gravity of at least 2.5 g / cm ³ . 7. The high-density ceramic briquette according to claim 1, wherein said ceramic briquette has an Al ₂ O ₃ content of at least 90% by weight and a specific gravity of at least 3 g / m ³ . 8. The high-density ceramic briquette according to claim 1, wherein said ceramic briquette comprises boron carbide, titanium diboride, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide, silicon aluminum oxide, aluminum oxide or mixtures thereof. 9. The high-density ceramic briquette according to claim 1, wherein said distal segment has the shape of a truncated cone. 10. The high-density ceramic briquette according to claim 1, wherein said side surfaces are characterized by a region including a substantially even inclined configuration. 11. The high-density ceramic briquette according to claim 1, wherein said smooth inclined region makes an acute angle with said nominally designated upper surface of said body. 12. The high-density ceramic briquette according to claim 1, wherein said substantially convexly curved impact receiving end face comprises a plurality of individual fragments which, when assembled together, take a convexly curved geometric shape. 13. A composite ballistic armor plate comprising a panel provided with a layer of a plurality of high-density ceramic briquettes according to claim 1, wherein said briquettes are arranged in numerous adjacent rows and columns, the main axes of these briquettes being oriented essentially parallel to each other and essentially perpendicular to the impact surface of said panel. 14. The composite armor of claim 13, wherein said columns are substantially perpendicular to said rows and wherein in each of said rows, ceramic briquettes of said each row are offset from each other, and in each of said columns are ceramic briquettes of said each column offset relative to each other so that each of most of these ceramic briquettes is in contact with two briquettes in the first adjacent row and two briquettes in the second adjacent row so that each of the majority of briquettes is in contact with four and only four adjacent briquettes, and where in each row the centers of adjacent ceramic briquettes in each specified row are displaced essentially by a first distance, and in each column the centers of adjacent ceramic briquettes in each indicated column are displaced relative to each other, essentially a second distance, the first distance being different from the second distance. 15. The composite armor of claim 14, wherein one of said first and second distances is greater than the other one of said first and second distances by a factor of at least 1.1 to 1.5. 16. The composite armor of claim 14, wherein said ceramic briquettes are embedded in an elastic material. 17. The composite armor of claim 13, wherein said panel has an inner and outer surface, said outer surface facing the strike side, and said ceramic briquettes are arranged in numerous adjacent rows, with the cylinder axes of said briquettes being substantially parallel to each other and perpendicular to the surfaces of the panel with convex curved end surfaces directed to the outside. 18. The composite armor of claim 13, further comprising an inner layer adjacent to said inner surface of said panel, said inner layer being formed from a plurality of adjacent layers, each layer comprising a plurality of unidirectional anti-ballistic fibers embedded in the same plane embedded in a polymer matrix, the fibers of adjacent layers are oriented at an angle from about 45 ° to 90 ° relative to each other. 19. The composite armor of claim 13, further comprising an inner layer adjacent to said inner surface of said panel, said inner layer being formed from a plurality of adjacent layers, each layer containing ballistic material. 20. A composite ballistic armor plate comprising a panel provided with a layer of a plurality of high-density ceramic briquettes according to claim 1, wherein said briquettes are arranged in numerous adjacent rows and columns, the main axes of these briquettes being oriented essentially parallel to each other, and each of most of these briquettes are in direct contact with six adjacent briquettes, while the sides of three adjacent briquettes form a contact cavity between them. 21. The composite ballistic armor plate of claim 13, wherein each of the majority of said briquettes is substantially in contact with at least three adjacent briquettes, further characterized in that the spaces formed between said adjacent cylindrical briquettes are only partially filled material to prevent the flow of soft metal from striking flying objects at specified intervals, and the specified flow preventing material is formed as a single part as part of a special plug-in briquette, said plug-in briquette having the shape of a cylinder provided with protrusions extending only partially in the gaps formed between the sides of six adjacent cylindrical briquettes and overlapping the main part of the cross section of these gaps, each of these protrusions being in a position remote from at least one of two adjacent cylinders, in the direction of which he stands, and moreover, these briquettes are connected and held together with the formation of the plate using verzhdaemogo material, said hardenable material and said plate are elastic. 22. The method for producing the high-strength ceramic briquette according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: placing ceramic powder in a mold, said mold comprising: a removable segmented upper pressure punch, the punch comprising: an end segment having a proximal and the distal part relative to the direction of application of pressure through the specified punch, and the proximal part is concave-curved, and the distal part is characterized by: lateral regions including at least one part, which has a convex configuration or side regions having a substantially even inclined configuration, and a clip, the clip being substantially cylindrical in shape and having at least one flat or round lower end, sides and upper end, said the upper pressure punch is removably inserted into the specified clip of the specified mold and the upper pressure punch is inserted into the specified mold and pressure is applied to the mold through the specified upper a pressure punch, resulting in the application of the specified pressure to the specified mold receive high-density ceramic briquette according to claim 1. 23. A ceramic briquette for use in a ballistic armor plate, wherein said ceramic briquette includes: a body part having: an axis, a cross-sectional shape that is symmetrical about an axis and an end part representing the tip of the indicated body part, said end part having an outer a surface including the first and second sections, in which: said first section has a convex curvature, said first section is remote from said body part, and said first section I contains the axis of the body part passing through it, and the specified second section extends around the specified axis of the body part, and the specified second section is located between the specified first section and the specified body part, and the specified second section has a first annular edge at the specified first section or adjacent to it and a second annular edge with or adjacent to said body portion, wherein said second section is configured such that substantially every intersection between said second section and a plane The holes including the axis of the hull pass in a straight line, or such a configuration that, essentially, each intersection between the specified second section and the planes including the axis of the hull passes along a line that has a concave curvature when viewed from the outside of the specified briquette and an end portion, wherein the average radial distance from the indicated axis of the body portion to said first annular edge of said second section is at least 5% smaller than the average radial distance from the axis of the housing to the specified second annular edge of the specified second section. 24. The briquette according to item 23, in which the cross-sectional shape of the specified body portion is round or hexagonal. 25. The briquette according to item 23, in which the specified outer surface of the specified end portion is formed essentially completely specified by the first section and the specified second section. 26. The briquette of claim 23, wherein said first and second annular edges are round. 27. The briquette of claim 23, wherein said first and second annular edges are hexagonal. 28. The briquette according to item 23, in which the specified first section of the specified outer surface consists of many individual fragments, which, when assembled together, take a convex curved geometric shape. 29. A composite ballistic armor plate comprising a panel provided with a layer of a plurality of briquettes according to claim 23, wherein said briquettes are arranged in numerous adjacent rows and columns, the main axes of said briquettes being oriented substantially parallel to each other and substantially perpendicularly impact surface of said panel. 30. The composite armor of claim 29, wherein said columns are substantially perpendicular to said rows, and in which in each of said rows of ceramic briquettes of said each row are displaced relative to each other, and in each of said columns are ceramic briquettes of said each the columns are offset relative to each other so that each of the majority of ceramic briquettes contacts two briquettes in the first adjacent row and two briquettes in the second adjacent row so that each of the majority of briquettes is in contact with four and only four adjacent briquettes, and where in each row the centers of adjacent ceramic briquettes in each specified row are displaced essentially by a first distance, and in each column the centers of adjacent ceramic briquettes in each specified column are offset each other, essentially, at a second distance, the first distance being different from the second distance. 31. The composite armor of claim 29, wherein one of said first and second distances is greater than the other one of said first and second distances by a factor of at least 1.1 to 1.5. 32. The composite armor of claim 29, wherein said ceramic briquettes are embedded in an elastic material. 33. The composite armor of claim 29, wherein said panel has inner and outer surfaces, said outer surface facing the strike side, and said ceramic briquettes are arranged in numerous adjacent rows, with the cylinder axes of said briquettes being substantially parallel to each other and perpendicular to the surfaces of the panel with convex curved end surfaces directed to the outside. 34. The composite armor according to clause 29, further comprising an inner layer adjacent to the specified inner surface of the specified panel, and the specified inner layer is formed of many adjacent layers, and each layer includes many unidirectional laid in the same plane anti-ballistic fibers embedded in a polymer matrix, and the fibers of adjacent layers are oriented at an angle of between about 45 ° and 90 ° relative to each other. 35. A composite ballistic armor plate comprising a panel provided with a layer of a plurality of briquettes according to claim 23, wherein said briquettes are arranged in numerous adjacent rows and columns, the main axes of these briquettes being oriented essentially parallel to each other, and each of the majority these briquettes is in direct contact with six adjacent briquettes, while the sides of three adjacent briquettes form a contact cavity between them. 36. The composite ballistic armor plate of claim 29, wherein each of the majority of said briquettes is substantially in contact with at least three adjacent briquettes, further characterized in that the spaces formed between said adjacent cylindrical briquettes are only partially filled material to prevent the flow of soft metal from impact flying objects at specified intervals, and the specified flow preventing material is formed as a single part as part of a special plug-in briquette, said plug-in briquette having the shape of a cylinder provided with protrusions extending only partially in the spaces formed between the sides of six adjacent cylindrical briquettes and overlapping the main part of the cross-section of these spaces, each of these protrusions being in a position remote at least at least one of the two adjacent cylinders, in the direction of which he stands, and moreover, these briquettes are connected and held together with the formation of the plate with confirms material, said hardenable material and said plate are elastic. 37. The method of producing a high-strength ceramic briquette according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: placing ceramic powder into a mold, said mold comprising: a removable segmented upper pressure punch, the punch comprising: an end segment having a first and the second part relative to the direction of application of pressure through the specified punch, and the first section is placed proximally relative to the specified direction of application of pressure, and the specified second section is placed distally relative to the specified direction of application of pressure, and the specified first section is concave curved, and the second section is characterized by: side areas including at least one part, which has a convex configuration or side areas having a substantially even inclined configuration, and a clip, and the cage is substantially cylindrical in shape and has at least one flat or round lower end, sides and an upper end, said upper pressure punch being inserted into said the clip of the mold with the possibility of extraction, and insert the specified upper pressure punch into the specified mold and apply pressure to the specified mold through the specified upper pressure punch, resulting in the application of the specified pressure to the specified mold get a high-density ceramic briquette item 23.

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