RU2462500C2 - Method of speedy destruction of oil residues and contaminations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: method involves adsorption of carbonic sorbents in pores and treatment by microwave radiation in gas flow. As gases Ar or CO₂ are used, as carbonic sorbents - sorbents chosen from the following are used: brown coal, gas coal, linen shover or wood residual with dielectric loss factor equal to or above 8. Treatment by microwave radiation is performed under stimulated temperature 300-600°C during 5-10 min till product of destruction gas is obtained with dominance of H₂ in it.

EFFECT: accelerating and simplifying destructive refinement of petroleum products of technogenic effluent and industrial wastes producing low-price high energy hydrogen-bearing gas, simplifying control of destruction process and monitoring of destruction ingredients.

2 cl, 3 dwg, 6 tbl, 18 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of oil, petrochemical, gas, chemical industry and the field of environmental protection, and more specifically to methods for the disposal of oil residues and contaminants removed from water or solid surfaces, as well as from wastewater, and can be used for environmental measures to obtain valuable energy.

The development of effective methods for the disposal of oil residues and pollutants is one of the most important environmental problems of our time. The oil and petrochemical industry in terms of the extent and degree of impact on the environment are among the industries with extremely high environmental hazard, which is largely due to the introduction of harmful hydrocarbon pollutants into the environment. Among them, the greatest danger is crude oil, oil sludge, tar and other harmful and toxic substances [1, 2].

It is known that huge volumes of oil and oil products are poured annually in the event of accidents at oil fields, oil storages, oil pipelines, oil refineries and petrochemical plants, as well as at oil products consumption facilities - sea and river ports, railway junctions, auto farms, gas stations, etc. [3].

Oil sludge is the most abundant in terms of oil sludge, followed by tars, including straight-run tar, the remainder after direct distillation of oil into combustible and lubricating components, and acid tar, which is a large-tonnage hard-to-recycle waste from the oil refining industry resulting from the refining of oils (transformer, condenser, medical, perfumes, etc.) concentrated sulfuric acid or oleum. Acid tar of varying degrees of acidity is discharged into storage ponds, where over time acid is washed out by atmospheric precipitation, and also SO ₂ and SO _{3 are released} , as a result of which water and air pools become polluted. Ponds occupy large areas containing many thousands of tons of waste, their total mass in Russia and abroad reaches millions of tons, while acidic tar is filtered through the soil, falling into water sources, which poses a real threat to the population. Therefore, solving the problem of tar disposal will contribute to the creation of waste-free production and environmental protection [4].

All of the aforementioned makes the development of exhaustive destruction of oil residues and pollution processes highly urgent, as one of the most important problems of today - the problem of developing effective approaches to the disposal of industrial emissions and industrial wastes.

It is known that the most effective, widely used method of fixing and absorbing oil products when cleaning the surface of water areas from oil spills, as well as when cleaning contaminated soils and other solid surfaces, is sorption by carbon sorbents based on fossil coal, as well as renewable biomass, using known technologies [5-8]. The resulting sorbent-oil product conglomerate is most often burned in boiler plants.

A known method of cleaning a contaminated water surface using hydrophobic carbon sorbents that treat a contaminated water surface, described in RU No. 2160632, B01J 20/20, C01B 31/08, 20.12.2000.

It is known to use sorbent for cleaning liquid media from petroleum and petroleum products, which is a product of heat treatment of husk of rice grains (RU No. 2259875, B01J 20/24, C02F 1/28, 09/10/2005).

It is also known to use a sorbent for the purification of water from petroleum products containing carbonized flaxseed fire and sapropel (RU No. 2198987, ЕВВ 15/04, C02F 1/28, B01J 20/22, В09С 1/00, 02/20/2003).

A common disadvantage of the described methods is the emerging problem of collection and disposal of sorbents after adsorption of oil products, as well as the destruction of the adsorbed oil products themselves.

A known method of removing and degrading oil pollution from water and soil, in which the pollution is adsorbed by ground coal, for example brown, and then subjected to destruction by microorganisms (DE 4303842, A62D 3/00, C02F 1/28, C12S 9/00, C09K 3 / 32, EB02B 15/04, 02.17.1994).

The disadvantage of this method is its complexity and duration (several days or more) associated with the need to cultivate microorganisms.

The same source indicates the possibility of burning adsorbed contaminants, but only for the case of removing them from hard smooth surfaces, such as concrete and asphalt coatings, while in case of accidents the most important task is to clean water bodies and contaminated soils.

In addition, in both cases, the degraded oil pollution is not used in the future as useful products and their composition is not regulated.

Closest to the proposed invention is a method for the rapid destruction of oil residues and contaminants, including their adsorption in the pores of carbon sorbents and treatment with microwave radiation at an induced temperature of 200-1200 ° C for less than 1 min in an inert gas stream (RU No. 2381256, C10G 15/08, C10G 25/00, C10G 25/08, C10G 32/02, B01J 19/08, 02/10/2010). The known method allows high-speed processing of oil residues with the production of light hydrocarbons, but does not make it possible to obtain synthesis gas in which hydrogen and, to a lesser extent, CO, are used as degradation products.

The objective of the invention is to develop a method for the rapid destruction of oil residues and contaminants, which allows you to quickly and efficiently dispose of oil residues and contaminants - products of industrial emissions, disasters and industrial wastes - with the production of hydrogen-containing gas.

The problem is solved in that a method for the high-speed destruction of oil residues and contaminants is proposed, including their adsorption in the pores of carbon sorbents and treatment with microwave radiation in a gas stream, which use Ar or CO ₂ , as carbon sorbents - sorbents selected from the following range: sorbents from brown coal, gas coal, flax bonfires or wood waste. The specified treatment is carried out at an induced temperature of 300-600 ° C for 5-10 minutes to obtain a gas destruction product, in the composition of which H ₂ prevails.

According to the proposed method, as carbon sorbents, sorbents are used having a dielectric loss tangent of higher than 8.

The technical result that can be obtained from the use of the invention is:

- fast and efficient production of cheap high-calorie hydrogen-containing gas from oil products of industrial emissions, disasters and industrial wastes;

- the ability to control the degradation process and to obtain degradation products of one or another composition by choosing a gas stream (Ar or CO ₂ ).

In order to determine the suitability of carbon sorbents (CM) of various nature for high-speed processing of oil waste and pollution, a number of typical CMs used for sorption of hydrocarbons were tested for their ability to absorb microwave radiation. To this end, the kinetics of heating the US samples under the established optimal irradiation conditions was studied: current density I = 200 mA, power 540 W [9]. For research, carbon sorbents were used: finely dispersed from wood wastes (SDO) * and flax bonfires (SCR) [5-6]; spherical from gas coal (GHS) and crushed (irregular particle shape) from brown coal (SBD) [7, 8].

Table 1 presents the characteristics of the porous structure of the studied sorbents, their bulk density, ash content, iron content in the mineral part and electrophysical characteristics:

dielectric constant (ε) and dielectric loss tangent (tan δ).

Table 1. Physicochemical and structural characteristics of CSS Sample No. CSS designation A ^d ,% γ, g / cm ³ Pore volume, cm ³ / g ε tg δ V _Σ Ws Vma one FROM TO 2.5 0.22 1.29 0.27 1.02 2.10 8.60 2 SCR 13.4 0.16 2.52 0.23 2.29 2.07 9.00 3 GHS 25.1 0.43 0.97 0.48 0.49 1.86 12.72 four SBD 24.0 0.34 1.00 0.47 0.53 3.31 9.43 Designations: SDO - sorbent from wood waste (shavings, sawdust in any ratio) and wood species do not affect the quality of the sorbent SDO [5]; SKL - sorbent from flax bonfire; GHS - sorbent from gas coal, spherical; SBD - brown coal sorbent, crushed; A ^d is the ash content; γ is the bulk density; V _Σ is the total pore volume; Ws is the volume of sorbing pores; Vma is the volume of macropores; ε is the dielectric constant; tan δ is the dielectric loss tangent.

We found that the structure of pores and the composition of carbon sorbents significantly affect the level of absorption of microwave radiation. The dynamics of US heating significantly depends on the presence of pores of a certain structure and the content of mineral impurities (ash) [10]. Depending on the structure, density and ash content, carbon sorbents have different electrophysical parameters.

As can be seen from Table 1, a decrease in sorbing pores (Ws) and ash content (A ^d ) sharply reduces the dielectric constant and the tangent of the dielectric loss angle of sorbents, which leads to a decrease in their ability to absorb microwave radiation.

The kinetics of US heating during processing by microwave radiation at a current density of 200 mA and irradiation power over the reactor cross section up to 4 mW are given in Table 2.

Table 2. Kinetics of the heating of the US when processing microwave radiation Sample number, designation Temperature, ° С during warm-up, s 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 thirty No. 1, SDO 80 190 310 420 520 610 No. 2, SCR one hundred 210 330 440 560 630 No. 3, GHS 380 500 610 700 810 920 No. 4, SBD 500 660 760 830 820 940

As can be seen from the results of the table, sorbents No. 3 and No. 4 with high electrophysical indices for 25-30 s of microwave treatment are heated to 800-950 ° C. Finely dispersed sorbents from wood waste (Sample No. 1) and from flax fire (Sample No. 2), characterized by significantly lower electrophysical indicators, are heated only up to 610 and 630 ° C, respectively, during microwave treatment for 30 s.

The data given in Tables 1 and 2 clearly show that carbon sorbents obtained from brown and gas coals with a developed sorbing pore structure and high ash content have a high ability to absorb microwave radiation. It was found that in the first 5 s, unsteady breakdown phenomena occur in the pores of these sorbents, which cause the formation of unsteady plasma.

In the process of unsteady breakdown for 10-15 minutes, the destruction of stable metal complex and organic compounds occurs [11]. Macro- and large mesopores are pseudo-capacitors in the volume of which nonlinear breakdown phenomena arise [10]. Under nonequilibrium conditions of breakdown phenomena during induced heating to temperatures of 300-600 ° С, decomposition of organic substrates adsorbed in micro- and mesopores occurs much faster than their diffusion and subsequent desorption.

It was also found that during microwave treatment with Ar and CO ₂ for 5-10 min at 300-600 ° C, H ₂ prevails in the gas produced, while the use of CO ₂ increases the depth of decomposition and the content of synthesis gas in the composition gas.

In practice, the objectives of the invention are achieved as follows.

For each of the 4 CSS samples, the characteristics of which are given in Tables 1 and 2, oil was applied in various concentrations by impregnation from an organic solvent solution, then the solvent was distilled from the samples at first at room temperature, then in a vacuum cabinet under reduced pressure of 10 mm Hg and a temperature of 40 ° C for 5 hours. Two types of tar obtained from West Siberian oil (I) and bituminous oil from the Moscow Oil Refinery (II) were used as an oil product. Tar was applied from a solution in petroleum ether with a concentration relative to the mass of the sorbent: 10, 20 and 30 wt.%.

The main physicochemical parameters of the tar are presented in Table 3.

Table 3. Characterization of tar from West Siberian (I) and bituminous (II) oil Indicator Oil residue Tar of West Siberian Oil - Tar of I Tar of tar oil - Tar II Density at 20 ° С, kg / m ³ 0.930 1.007 Conditional viscosity at 80 ° С, mm ² / s 1715 1760 The yield of fractions boiling up to 500 ° C, wt.% 11.1 11.0 The yield of fractions boiling after 500 ° C, wt.% 88.9 88.8 The water content, wt.% lack of lack of Conradson coking ability, wt.% 12.7 16.5 Content, wt.% FROM 85.40 85.00 H 11.32 11.38 S 2.71 3.04 N 0.52 0.55 Ash 0.050 0.030

A carbon sorbent (US) with tar adsorbed in the pores is placed in a quartz flow reactor installed in the working chamber of a microwave installation and is exposed to microwave radiation in a stream of argon and carbon dioxide.

Then the gas leaving the reactor passes through a micro separator, cooled to -50 ÷ -70 ° C, and enters the receiving tank, from which it is fed to the chromatograph for analysis. The gas flow rate is 8-12 cm ³ / min. The experiments are carried out at a constant temperature of 300 and 600 ° C induced by radiation. After the end of the experiment and cooling, the CSS systems are unloaded and analyzed for the residual amount of oil residues contained in it.

As a source of microwave radiation, the M-140 magnetron (generation frequency 2.40-2.50 GHz) used in domestic microwave ovens is used, which is fully interchangeable with foreign counterparts. The magnetron anode circuit is powered from the output of a half-wave rectifier with voltage doubling, the unit is powered by an alternating current main voltage of 220 W (50 Hz). The voltage on the primary winding of a high-voltage transformer is regulated using LATR, a laboratory autotransformer, which allows controlling the level of generated power over a wide range. The magnetron power supply unit provides for automatic shutdown of the anode voltage in the event of a deviation of the forced process modes and spontaneous violation of the established magnetron power mode along the anode circuit.

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the installation of high-speed destruction of oil residues and contaminants using microwave radiation (1 - microwave generator (magnetron); 2 - waveguide path; 3 - absorption ceramic; 4 - absorption chamber; 5 - thermocouple; 6 - liquid trap; 7 - chromatograph ; 8 - wattmeter (energy before absorption); 9 - wattmeter (energy after absorption)).

The determination of the residual amount of oil residues in the CSS samples is carried out using accelerated liquid extraction followed by analysis of the obtained extracts by high performance liquid chromatography. For the extraction of samples, an automatic extractor of the Dionex company model ASE200 is used.

Chromatographic analysis was performed on a GILSON instrument with a UV2000 detector. The solvent is hexane / isopropyl alcohol in a ratio of 95: 5, the temperature of the extraction cell is 90 ° C, the pressure is 200 atm, the extraction time is 30 minutes. Analytical column - Zorbax Sil: L = 250 mm, inner diameter - 4.6 mm, particle size of the stationary phase - 5 μm, mobile phase (eluent) hexane / isopropyl alcohol in a ratio of 95: 5, flow rate of the eluent 2 ml / min, the volume of the introduced sample is 20 μl, the wavelength is 254 nm. For calibration using standard solutions of the original tar with a concentration of from 0.1 mg / ml to 0.001 mg / ml

The analysis of the gas sample is carried out by gas chromatography — GLC on a Crystal chromatograph using a flame ionization detector (for determining hydrocarbons) and a katharometer (for determining oxygen-containing components). The analysis of liquid fractions formed as a result of exposure to microwave radiation is investigated by chromatography-mass spectrometry.

The following examples illustrate the invention, but in no way limit its scope.

Example 1

Oil residue in the form of a solution of tar I in petroleum ether taken in an amount of 100 mg, i.e. at a concentration of 10 wt.%, Is applied to the carbon sorbent SBD (Table 1, No. 4), taken in an amount of 1000 mg, then The sorbent coated with tar is dried at room temperature, then in a vacuum oven under reduced pressure of 10 mm Hg. and a temperature of 40 ° C for 5 hours

The prepared sorbent coated with tar I is treated with microwave radiation at a temperature of 300 ° C and an exposure time of 10 min in argon.

The amount of tar remaining in the sorbent after treatment with microwave radiation is determined and the depth of its processing is calculated.

The results are presented in table 4.

Example 2

The experiment is carried out as in example 1 with the difference that tar II is used as the oil residue.

Example 3

The experiment is carried out as in example 1 at a test temperature of 600 ° C.

Example 4

The experiment is carried out as in example 3, but using tar II.

Example 5

The experiment was carried out as in example 3, but using a carbon sorbent GHS (table 1, No. 3).

Example 6

The experiment is carried out as in example 5, but using tar II.

Example 7

The experiment is carried out as in example 3 with the difference that the amount of applied tar I is 200 mg, i.e. at a concentration of 20 wt.%.

Example 8

The experiment is carried out as in example 3 with the difference that the amount of applied tar I is 300 mg, i.e. at a concentration of 30 wt.%.

Example 9

The experiment is carried out according to example 1 with the difference that the processing of microwave radiation is carried out in a medium of CO ₂ .

Example 10

The experiment is carried out according to example 9 with the difference that use tar II.

Example 11

The experiment is carried out as in example 3 with the difference that the processing of microwave radiation is carried out in a medium of CO ₂ .

Example 12

The experiment is carried out according to example 4 with the difference that they use a carbon sorbent GHS (table 1, No. 3).

Example 13

The experiment is carried out according to example 3 with the difference that they use a carbon sorbent SDO (table 1, No. 1).

Example 14

The experiment is carried out according to example 3 with the difference that they use carbon sorbent SCR (table 1, No. 2).

Several comparative experiments were also conducted on the destruction of oil residues in a convection-heating electric furnace. A quartz reactor with an adsorbed tar sorbent is placed in a furnace heated to 300 or 600 ° C, and after reaching the set temperature it is held for 10 minutes, as in the experiments with microwave processing.

The degradation of oil residues and contaminants adsorbed in the pores of the CSS during convection heating occurs over a longer period, while methane predominates in the gas composition.

Example 15

The experiment is carried out according to example 5 with the difference that the heat treatment is carried out by convection heating.

Example 16

The experiment is carried out as in example 15 with the difference that the heat treatment is carried out in a medium of CO ₂ .

Example 17

The experiment is carried out according to example 16 with the difference that the processing is carried out at 300 ° C.

Example 18

The experiment is carried out as in example 17 with the difference that the heat treatment is carried out in an argon medium.

The results of the experiments in examples 1-18 are presented in table 4.

Table 4. The results of the experiments in examples 1-18 Example No. Experience conditions Products, wt.% Tar conversion,% Temperature, ° C tar type tar concentration, wt.% No. US according to table 1 ** gas eluent gaseous liquid one 300 I 10 four Ar 5.64 traces > 99 2 300 II 10 four Ar 5.5 traces > 99 3 600 I 10 four Ar 6.0 10 > 99 four 600 II 10 four Ar 6.2 traces > 99 5 600 I 10 3 Ar 6 p.m. 20.97 > 99 6 600 II 10 3 Ar 02/14 20.13 > 99 7 600 I twenty 3 Ar 14.85 1.23 96 8 600 I thirty 3 Ar 5.83 7.94 91 9 300 I 10 four CO ₂ 4.07 traces > 99 10 300 II 10 four CO ₂ 4.5 traces > 99 eleven 600 I 10 four CO ₂ 15.54 23.64 > 99 12 600 II 10 3 CO ₂ 18.25 25.62 > 99 13 600 I 10 one Ar 32.94 traces > 99 fourteen 600 I 10 2 Ar 67.50 traces > 99 fifteen* 600 I 10 3 Ar 5.8 - 60 16* 600 I 10 3 CO ₂ 7.5 - 70 17 * 300 I 10 3 CO ₂ - - ≤10 eighteen* 300 I 10 3 Ar traces - ≤10 Explanations for the table: * convection heating; ** CSS: No. 1 - from wood waste, No. 2 - from flax bonfire, No. 3 - from gas coal, No. 4 - from brown coal;

The degradation of oil residues adsorbed in the pores of the US in the convection-heating electric furnace (examples 15-18) proceeds differently than when processed by microwave radiation. So, at 300 ° С a small part of the tar is destroyed, at 600 ° С the conversion of the tar also remains significantly lower compared to the degree of its decomposition under the influence of microwave radiation.

A comparative graph of the heating rate in CO ₂ medium _of sorbent No. 3 with tar adsorbed in pores during microwave processing and in the convection heating mode is presented.

Fig. 2. A comparative graph of the heating rate of the SBD sorbent with tar in the processing of microwave radiation and convection heating in a CO ₂ environment.

As can be seen from Fig. 2, the rate of temperature increase during convection heating is about 7 times lower than when the sorbent is selectively heated under the influence of microwave radiation.

Table 5 shows the composition of the gases generated during the destruction of tar I (10 wt.%) In the pores of US No. 3 in CO ₂ at a temperature of 600-650 ° C for 10 min under the influence of microwave radiation and convection heating.

Table 5. The composition of the decomposition gases of tar I when exposed to microwave radiation and convection heating. Product Composition Product yield depending on the type of processing Microwave convection heating The total yield of gaseous products, wt.% 15.85 11.50 The composition of the inorganic components of the gas, mol.% H ₂ 63.85 12.15 CO 29.24 10.07 CO ₂ 0 0 The composition of the hydrocarbon components of the gas, mol.% Methane 3.44 35.78 Ethane 2.22 7.31 Ethylene 0.13 2.81 Propane 0.72 2.59 Propylene 0.18 1.13 Bhutan 0.14 1.42 Butenes 0.06 7.72 Pentenes 0.02 1.02 The total yield of liquid products, wt.% 14.56 (C ₆ -C ₁₂ ) traces Residual carbon (coke), wt.% 69.59 88.5

As can be seen from the table, the main components of the tar decomposition gas under the influence of microwave radiation are H ₂ and CO, the total content of which in the gas is above 93%.

The content of these components in the tar destruction gas by convection heating is 22.2%.

From tables 4 and 5 it is seen that with convection heating the degree of tar conversion in 10 minutes at 600 ° C is 70%, while methane predominates in the gas composition; The main component of the gas during microwave processing under the same conditions is hydrogen.

This is the first established fundamental difference in the mechanism of destruction of oil residues and contaminants adsorbed in the pores of a carbon sorbent.

When treated with microwave radiation for 5-10 minutes at 300-600 ° C in an Ar or CO ₂ stream, mainly the CH bond is activated and undergoes degradation, which leads to the predominant formation of hydrogen. In convection heating, as is known, thermolysis is mainly carried out by the C — C bond and the main product is methane. When processing microwave radiation under the conditions of the prototype - for 1 min at 700-800 ° C in an inert gas stream - the main degradation product is liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons with the number of carbon atoms from 1 to 15.

The nature of the ionizing gas, which is an eluent during the destruction of oil residues, affects the composition of the degradation products formed, namely, the composition of the gas components, which is more related to CO ₂ .

In the Ar medium, the regularity noted above is also manifested, however, to a lesser extent. This is confirmed by the composition of the gaseous products of the destruction of tar adsorbed in the pores of hydrophobic sorbents from wood waste (Sample No. 1) and flax fires (Sample No. 2), obtained according to examples 13 and 14, shown in Fig. 3. The composition of the gaseous products of the destruction of tar adsorbed in arr. No. 1 (SDO) and No. 2 (SCR), when processed by microwave radiation (T = 600 ° C, Ar).

The higher content of H ₂ and CO in the gaseous products of tar destruction during microwave processing in CO _{2 is} most likely due to the additional reaction of carbon dioxide reforming of the hydrocarbon portion of the tar. Table 6 presents the composition of the liquid fraction formed by the decomposition of tar II in example 12.

Table 6. The composition of the liquid products formed in example 12. No pp Compound The concentration, wt.% No pp Compound The concentration, wt.% one Isobutene 1.3 12 Heptane 3.9 2 Butene 2 0.9 13 Octane 4.5 3 Butene 0.8 fourteen Ethylbenzene 8.0 four Isopentane 0.8 fifteen 0-xylene 12.3 5 Penten-2 1,1 16 M-xylene 8.5 6 Penten-1 0.7 17 Isopropylbenzene 3.1 7 Pentane 2.0 eighteen Propylbenzene 3.4 8 2-pentene 2.9 19 o-methylethylbenzene 1.1 9 Dimethylpentane 1,1 twenty 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene 4.3 10 hexane 3.4 21 Trimethylbenzene 2.4 eleven Benzene 15.0 Total 81.5 Unidentified 19.5

As can be seen from the table, in the process of tar thermolysis under the influence of microwave radiation, in addition to hydrogen and CO, a hydrocarbon fraction is formed containing valuable products.

In general, the process of utilization of oil residues and contaminants in a carbon dioxide medium gives better results and allows hydrogen, as well as light hydrocarbon fractions, to be generated at elevated induced temperatures.

It is important to note that the exhaustive conversion of tar adsorbed in the pores of hydrophobic sorbents No. 1 and No. 2 according to Examples 13, 14, as well as the high-energy composition of gaseous degradation products under the influence of microwave radiation confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method for collecting and disposing of oil products from the surface of water areas to obtain valuable energy carriers.

Thus, the proposed method for the rapid destruction of oil residues and contaminants under the influence of microwave radiation differs from traditional thermal destruction methods in high efficiency and environmental friendliness and allows for a short time to utilize oil emissions to produce valuable components that are currently the main chemical energy carriers - into hydrogen and synthesis gas, which may be the most efficient, cheapest, and most environmentally friendly method of recycling changes require the waste oil and tar oil spill, the number of which now reaches tens of millions of tons.

Information sources

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Claims (2)

1. A method for the high-speed destruction of oil residues and contaminants, including their adsorption in the pores of carbon sorbents and treatment with microwave radiation in a gas stream, characterized in that Ar or CO ₂ are used as gas, sorbents selected from the series are used as carbon sorbents: sorbents from brown coal, gas coal, flax fires or wood waste, and the specified treatment is carried out at an induced temperature of 300-600 ° C for 5-10 minutes until a gas destruction product is obtained, the composition of which is predominant H ₂ . 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as the carbon sorbents use sorbents having a dielectric loss tangent equal to or higher than 8.

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