RU2462386C1 - Complex for freight transportation in arctic voyages (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to water transport and may be used transportation of non-standard, large-size and heavy shippers in ice conditions. Proposed complex comprises lead ship consisting of icebreakers 1 and towed catamaran 2. The latter incorporates independent displacement hulls 5 rigidly jointed together by bridge-like cargo deck to accommodate cargo to be carried. Catamaran hulls 5 are provided with ice belts. Aft ends of both hulls 5 have aft cutouts 8 provided with fenders. Said aft cutout 8 serves to accommodate bow 2 of icebreaker 1. Every icebreaker 1 is located in midship line of independent hull 5 and parallel with catamaran midship line. Fore 9 of every catamaran hull 5 is reinforced by ice belt and allows fastening vee-like short cable rope 10 fed from icebreaker stern 3. In compliance with second version, in towing catamaran 4 said short cable rope 10 features equal length from fore of every hull 5 to icebreaker aft 3 with cutout to accommodate catamaran hull.

EFFECT: higher reliability and efficiency.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to water transport and can be used for the transportation of non-standard, bulky, heavy cargoes in waters with ice cover in the Arctic seas in any ice situation.

Given the vast expanses of Russia, where often only sea transportation of goods is possible, as well as in connection with the development of oil and gas fields in the north of Russia, there is a need for sea transportation of bulky non-standard cargo, for example, mini-oil plants, drilling rigs, etc. The harsh climatic conditions of the Russian north impose additional requirements for the transportation of bulky goods, namely in any ice conditions. In ice conditions, self-propelled vessels often cannot move independently. This may be due to both severe ice conditions and the unsatisfactory technical condition of the vessel itself. Therefore, for the transportation and delivery of goods to the final destination, there is a need for towing a vessel with cargo in water areas with ice cover in the Arctic seas.

The objective of the invention is the transportation of any non-standard, bulky and heavy cargo in water areas with ice cover in the Arctic seas in any ice situation.

It is known to use icebreakers to guide and tow both a single vessel and a caravan of successive single-hull vessels. However, this method does not involve the transportation of bulky, non-standard, heavy cargo in ice conditions.

A known system for towing ships through locks, containing tugs having vacuum grips and installed from the bow and stern of the towed ship (see ed. St. USSR No. 1202958 for the invention "Tugboat for piloting ships through locks." Declared 10/22/1984. 01/07/1986, Bulletin No. 1. IPC VV 21/56. Applicant - Leningrad Institute of Water Transport).

A significant limitation of the known system is the inability to use it in open Arctic seas in ice conditions.

In addition, it is not characterized by high structural reliability and durability, which negatively affects operational reliability.

The system is complex, requires additional vacuum equipment, which must be additionally serviced.

A known system for attaching and towing towing vessels to a semi-submersible floating drilling rig, mainly for transporting it through channels, including connecting the pusher to the aft end of the floating unit and mooring it to its pontoons in the fore and aft ends of the towers at an angle to its diametrical plane, positioned by movers in the direction opposite to the floating installation (see ed. St. USSR No. 1047068 for the invention “Method of fastening towing vessels to a floating drilling semi-submersible zhnoy installation. "IPC B63B 21/56. Stated 05.03.1982, published on 12.14.1985, Bul. №46. Applicants-authors).

A limitation of the known system is its applicability only for towing platforms along the canal through clean water, as well as complexity. In the Arctic seas with ice cover, this system is inoperative.

An analysis of the information selected during the search revealed the closest technical solution for the device for transporting goods in ice conditions, containing a lead vessel made in the form of a catamaran in ice design, between the hulls of which a platform is mounted that can be rotated about the horizontal axis, on which it is mounted in the diametrical plane catamaran ice cutter and an ice-ledge located behind the last, and a guided craft connected with the leading vessel, including a floating cargo tank laid under ice with buoyancy control compartments and a nose tip in the form of a wedge (see RF patent No. 2034737 for the invention “A device for transporting goods in ice conditions.” IPC B63B 35/12. Declared 03.08.1990, published on 10.05. 1995. Patent holder - author - Talanov B.P. Prototype).

The known device is used exclusively on ice fields, and before the ice fields and after for the transportation of cargo tanks it is proposed to additionally use ice class tugs. This is a significant limitation of the functional use of the known device.

A significant disadvantage of the known device is the limited transportation of goods of a certain type, size and weight. This device cannot be used for transportation of bulky, non-standard heavy cargo.

The device is characterized by low reliability and structural strength, the possibility of losing cargo under water and, as a result, is unreliable in operation.

Thus, the known devices for transporting goods in ice conditions are characterized by insufficiently high efficiency of their operation and do not allow the transportation of bulky, non-standard, heavy cargo in areas with ice cover in the Arctic seas in any ice situation.

Declared as an invention, the technical solution of the complex for transporting goods in ice conditions allows to achieve a new technical result - increasing the efficiency of the complex for transporting goods in ice conditions by ensuring the operational reliability, strength of the complex and ensuring the transportation of any non-standard, bulky and heavy cargo in the Arctic seas in any ice conditions.

The following set of essential features characterizes the essence of the proposed technical solution as an invention and contributes to the achievement of a new technical result.

1 option

Complex for transportation of goods in ice conditions, containing a leading vessel and an associated floating vessel, one of which is made in the form of a catamaran vessel having an ice belt, aft and fore ends, characterized in that the leading vessel is made in the form of icebreakers having bow and stern, catamaran vessel is made driven and consisting of independent displacement hulls rigidly connected by a cargo deck-bridge to accommodate the transported cargo, the aft end of both hulls of the catamaran vessel filled with a feed cutout equipped with fenders and necessary to establish the nose of the corresponding icebreaker located in the diametrical plane of the corresponding independent hull and parallel to the diametrical plane of the catamaran, the fore end of each hull of the catamaran is reinforced with an additional ice belt.

Option 2

Complex for transportation of goods in ice conditions, containing a leading vessel and an associated floating vessel, one of which is made in the form of a catamaran vessel having an ice belt, aft and fore ends, characterized in that the leading vessel is made in the form of icebreakers having bow and stern with aft cut, catamaran vessel is driven and consisting of independent displacement hulls, rigidly connected by a cargo deck-bridge to accommodate the transported cargo, the bow of each hull the udna-catamaran is made for fastening a short cable in the form of a whisker, fed from the stern of the corresponding icebreaker located in the diametrical plane of the corresponding independent hull, parallel to the diametrical plane of the catamaran and in the aft neck of which the bow tip of the corresponding hull of the catamaran is mounted with a gap for towing .

To achieve the result, a short whisker cable when towing a catamaran is closely made of the same length from the bow of each hull of the catamaran to the stern of the corresponding icebreaker.

The result is achieved in that each hull of the catamaran is equipped with a towing device located in the bow of the catamaran.

So, the analysis of the revealed information about the current level of technology in the field of shipbuilding and the essence of the proposed invention showed that the technical solution of the complex for transporting goods in ice conditions proposed as an invention meets the patentability criterion of “novelty”.

The leading vessel in the form of icebreakers, and the catamaran-driven vessel, provides in any ice conditions, as well as in the event of any breakdown on the catamaran, towing the catamaran itself along with a non-standard, oversized, heavy cargo in water areas with ice cover in Arctic seas, thereby ensuring the transportation and delivery of goods in any ice conditions.

The implementation of the catamaran vessel from independent displacement hulls, rigidly connected by a cargo deck-bridge to accommodate the transported cargo, provides high strength and reliability of the vessel design, and therefore the operational reliability of the complex.

Reinforcing the bow tip of each hull with an additional ice belt and completing the aft tip of both hulls of the catamaran vessel with a stern cutout, equipped with fenders and necessary to establish the bow of the corresponding icebreaker located in the diametrical plane of the corresponding independent hull and parallel to the diametrical plane of the catamaran, ensures uniform towing, without yawing the catamaran vessel by simultaneously pushing both hulls of the catamaran vessel together with the cargo in Ator with ice cover in the Arctic seas at short distances, especially near ports and destinations (drilling platform, etc.).

Strengthening the bow of each hull of the catamaran provides operational reliability of the catamaran when it moves in ice by towing pushing by icebreakers.

In this embodiment of the claimed complex, the leading vessels, made in the form of icebreakers, perform the function of pusher tugs, thereby ensuring the delivery of goods in ice-covered waters in the Arctic seas at short distances, mainly near ports and destinations (drilling platform, etc. ) Due to the reinforced fore end of the hull of the catamaran vessel themselves break ice cover on their way.

This provides a significant reduction in resistance to the movement of the catamaran, since it is ahead of the icebreakers that perform the function of pusher vessels. In addition, the movement resistance of the icebreakers themselves is also reduced. It is very effective on short routes. Namely, in the areas of loading and unloading of a catamaran vessel (port, destination in water areas, etc.).

The implementation of the bow of each hull of the catamaran for attaching a short rope in the form of a mustache, filed from the stern of the corresponding icebreaker, located in the diametrical plane of the corresponding independent hull, parallel to the diametrical plane of the catamaran and in the stern neckline with the gap of the bow of the corresponding hull the catamaran for towing closely, provides good controllability of the catamaran, reliable, uniform towing, without yawing tamaran, towed closely on a short cable in the form of a whisker of a catamaran vessel with cargo. This is necessary during the passage of the last solidified heavy or hummock ice of large thickness, solidified drifting ice, especially during compressions in the Arctic seas in ice waters during the delivery of cargo to its destination. In addition, in this embodiment, the complex is characterized by a sufficiently high speed of cargo transportation.

In this version of the claimed complex, the leading vessels, made in the form of icebreakers, serve as towing vessels, thereby ensuring the delivery of goods in ice-covered waters in the Arctic seas with a fairly good speed and high reliability.

Performing a short cable when towing a catamaran vessel of the same length from the fore end of each hull of the catamaran to the stern of the corresponding icebreaker provides reliable towing of the catamaran vessel without yaw and its good controllability, which together with other features contributes to the achievement of a technical result.

The supply of each hull of the catamaran vessel with a towing device located in the bow of the catamaran vessel ensures reliable connection of the short cable fed from the stern of the icebreaker to each hull of the catamaran vessel, which also together with other features contributes to the achievement of a technical result.

Thus, when transporting cargo in the Arctic seas in water areas with ice cover, the cargo transportation complex is ready to effectively deliver cargo both in port areas during loading and in places of cargo shipment, according to option 1, when icebreakers are built into the stern of each hull of the vessel catamaran, performing the function of pusher tugs. So in the second option, when a catamaran ship with cargo goes in ice and icebreakers perform the function of tugboats, taking each hull to a short cable closely, paving the catamaran ship in heavy ice conditions.

Consequently, the proposed complex for transportation of goods in ice conditions as an invention ensures the fulfillment of its function of delivering non-standard, bulky, heavy cargo in water areas with ice cover in the Arctic seas in any ice situation.

Thus, the proposed set of essential features provides a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

In the course of the search by the applicant for information in the field of shipbuilding, certain significant distinctive features of the claimed invention were discovered among well-known objects of the same purpose. However, the set of essential features of the proposed invention of the complex, which uses towing a catamaran in ice conditions, contributing to the achievement of a new technical result, and its effect on the latter, are not found from the existing prior art.

It is the combination of essential distinguishing features that allows to obtain a new technical result - increasing the efficiency of the complex for transporting goods in ice conditions by ensuring the operational strength, reliability of the complex for transporting goods in ice conditions in the Arctic seas and ensuring the transportation of any non-standard, bulky and heavy cargo in any ice conditions.

Therefore, the present invention has such a patentability criterion as "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated using the drawings, where:

In Fig.1 shows a complex according to 1 embodiment, side view, towing pushing;

figure 2 is the same, a top view, towing pushing;

figure 3 - complex according to option 2, side view, towing closely using a short cable;

4 is the same, a top view, towing back to back using a short cable.

The best embodiment of the invention.

The complex for transporting goods in ice conditions (see FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4) contains a lead vessel made in the form of icebreakers 1, having bow 2 and stern 3, and a related catamaran 4 driven vessel. Catamaran vessel 4 is made of independent displacement hulls 5, rigidly connected by a cargo deck-bridge 6 to accommodate the transported cargo (not shown in the drawing), non-standard, large, heavy.

This design of the bridge deck 6 provides structural and operational reliability and durability of the catamaran vessel 4, therefore, of the complex as a whole. In addition, it is possible to accommodate any non-standard, bulky, heavy cargo.

The hull 5 of the catamaran 4 is structurally made with an ice belt (not shown in the drawing).

The aft end 7 of both hulls 5 of the catamaran 4 is made with a stern cutout 8 (see FIG. 2) equipped with fenders (not shown in the drawing). Aft cutout 8 is necessary to establish the bow 2 of the corresponding icebreaker 1. Each icebreaker 1 is located in the diametrical plane of the corresponding independent hull 5 and parallel to the diametrical plane of the catamaran 4.

The nasal tip 9 of each hull 5 of the catamaran 4 vessel is reinforced with an additional ice belt and is designed to secure a short cable 10 with ogons at the ends, called a mustache (see Figs. 3, 4), fed from the stern 3 of the corresponding icebreaker 1. Each hull 5 the catamaran 4 is equipped with a special towing device 11 located in the bow 9 of the catamaran 4 and necessary for fastening the ropes 10.

When towing a catamaran ship 4 according to option 2, a short cable 10 is made of the same length from the bow tip 9 of each hull 5 of the catamaran ship 4 to aft 3 with aft cutout 12 of the corresponding icebreaker 1.

The present invention is used as follows.

The complex proposed as an invention is used in the Arctic seas with ice cover in any ice environment.

At short distances, for example, in port conditions or near the place of cargo delivery, icebreakers 1 with their noses 2 are installed in the aft neck 8 of each hull 5 of the catamaran 4 in the diametrical plane of the hull 5 and parallel to the diametrical plane of the catamaran 4. In this case, the icebreakers 1 push catamaran 4 in front of him, performing the function of pusher tugs. By strengthening the bow tip 9 of each hull 5 with an additional ice belt, the catamaran 4, pushed by the icebreakers 1 forward, reliably paves the way in the ice, thereby ensuring arrival at the place of loading or delivery of cargo to its destination.

Strengthening the bow tip 9 of each hull 5 of the catamaran 4 provides operational reliability of the catamaran 4 when it is moving in ice by towing, pushing by icebreakers 1.

This provides a significant reduction in the resistance to movement of the catamaran 4, since it is ahead of the icebreakers 1, which perform the function of pusher tugs. In addition, the resistance to movement of the icebreakers themselves is also reduced 1. This is very effective on short routes. This method of towing a catamaran vessel 4 provides a significant increase in traction and improved controllability of the catamaran vessel 4 at short distances, for example, in port conditions when loading or near the place of cargo delivery, as mentioned above.

In the presence of cohesive heavy or hummock ice of large thickness, cohesive drifting ice, especially during compression, icebreakers 1 are placed in front of each hull 5 of the catamaran 4 in the diametrical plane of each hull 5 and parallel to the diametrical plane of the catamaran 4. In a known manner from the stern 3 the icebreaker 1 serves a short cable 10 in the form of a mustache on the bow tip 9 of the hull 5 of the catamaran 4, which is then fixed using the towing device 11 of each hull 5. At the same time, the hull 5 is pulled up and installed the fore tip 9 of each hull 5 into the aft neck 12 of the stern 3 of the corresponding icebreaker 1 closely, but with a small gap, within 30-40 centimeters. The clearance improves the handling of the icebreaker. Thus, the catamaran 4 vessel with cargo is ready to overcome the above-mentioned ice situation by delivering the cargo to its destination.

Thus, when transporting cargo in the Arctic seas in water areas with ice cover, the claimed complex is effectively used for cargo delivery.

As at short distances, in port areas when loading, at places of cargo shipment, according to the 1st option, when icebreakers 1 are built into the aft cutout 8 of the aft end 7 of each hull 5 of the catamaran 4, performing the function of pusher tugs.

So, according to the 2nd option, when the catamaran 4 vessel is loaded with ice in the ice, and the icebreakers 1 perform the function of tugboats, taking each hull 5 to the short cable 10 closely, paving the catamaran 4 vessel the way in severe ice conditions.

This invention is multifunctional. In soft ice conditions, the catamaran 4 can also be used for self-delivery of cargo, without icebreakers 1.

Thus, as a result of using the claimed complex for transportation of goods in ice conditions, a new technical result is achieved - increasing the efficiency of the complex for transporting goods in ice conditions by ensuring operational reliability, strength of the complex and ensuring the transportation of any non-standard, bulky and heavy cargo in the Arctic seas in any ice conditions.

Therefore, the present invention meets the patentability criterion of "industrial applicability".

This invention can be used in any ice environment for the transportation of bulky, non-standard heavy cargo.

Claims (4)

1. Complex for transporting goods in ice conditions, containing a leading vessel and an associated floating vessel, one of them made in the form of a catamaran vessel with an ice belt, aft and fore end, characterized in that the leading vessel is made in the form of icebreakers having bow and stern, the catamaran vessel is driven and consisting of independent displacement hulls rigidly connected by the cargo deck-bridge to accommodate the transported cargo, the aft end of both hulls of the catamaran vessel It executes the aft notch provided with fenders and are necessary to establish the respective nose icebreaker located in a diametrical plane corresponding to the independent housing and parallel to a diametral plane of the catamaran-ship bow end of each catamaran hull vessel-intensified additional ice belt. 2. Complex for transportation of goods in ice conditions, containing a leading vessel and an associated floating vessel, one of them made in the form of a catamaran vessel with an ice belt, aft and fore ends, characterized in that the leading vessel is made in the form of icebreakers having a bow and stern with a stern cut, the catamaran vessel is driven and consists of independent displacement hulls rigidly connected by a cargo deck-bridge to accommodate the transported cargo, the bow of each hull catamaran is made for fastening a short rope in the form of a whisker, fed from the stern of the corresponding icebreaker located in the diametrical plane of the corresponding independent hull, parallel to the diametrical plane of the catamaran, and in the aft neck of which the bow tip of the corresponding hull of the catamaran is towed for towing close to. 3. The complex according to claim 2, characterized in that the short whisker cable is made of the same length from the fore end of each hull of the catamaran to the stern of the corresponding icebreaker. 4. The complex according to claim 2, characterized in that each hull of the catamaran is equipped with a towing device located in the bow of the catamaran.

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