RU2457815C1 - Shield for welding jobs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to welding and may be used for welder protection. Proposed shield comprises actuator secured thereon, vision slit and holder with light filter arranged to close/open vision slit, spring, tip and air line. Tip end is arranged nearby lips. Actuator is made up of bellow with rod. Air line is fixed on face shield and has its one end connected with tip and another end connected with bellow. Bellow rod is articulated with light filter turning about holder pin. Spring is secured on holder and face shield.

EFFECT: better conditions of work, higher efficiency and simplified design.

12 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to welding production and can be used to protect a person during welding.

Known helmet for welding, containing attached to it a traction relay, the core of which is connected to a filter installed with the possibility of opening and closing the viewing slit of the helmet, while the relay is electrically connected to the control button located on the electrode holder at the welder’s hand [US Pat. RF 2411928, IPC A61F 9/06, 2011].

The disadvantages of this device are:

- the presence of a traction relay on the welding helmet, by means of which the filter is activated. The core of this relay during operation produces shock and noise, which will be heard in the head of a person, irritate him and quickly tire;

- the presence on the electrode holder of a button with which to control the traction relay. It is not always convenient to hold a finger during operation at the button all the time, especially when turning your hand out while performing a weld. If the finger is not held by the button, then after the extinction of the arc it must be found by touch, spending additional time on this. Extra time is also spent when taking the holder in your hand, since it must occupy a strictly defined position on it, which is difficult to quickly complete in mittens. All this reduces labor productivity and worsens operating conditions;

- the presence of wires suitable for the helmet limits the welder’s movement, and if he needs to move away from the apparatus during work, he is forced to remove the helmet or disconnect the wires from it. In addition, the wires can catch on various nearby structures, which also causes inconvenience in work and reduces labor productivity.

The prototype is a face shield containing an actuator mounted on it, a viewing slot and a holder with a filter installed to close and open the gap through a solenoid controlled by the current of the welding arc [US Pat. RF 2069553, IPC A61F 9/06, 1996].

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- inconvenience in operation caused by the oscillation of the filter with sections of different densities relative to the gap during operation due to the inconstancy of the current in the welding process;

- the presence on the faceplate of a solenoid through which the movement of the filter is caused. The core of the solenoid produces shock and noise during operation, which will be heard in the head of a person, irritate him and quickly tire;

- the presence of wires suitable for the helmet restricts the welder for the reasons indicated above, which also causes inconvenience in work and reduces labor productivity.

The objective of the invention is to improve working conditions, increase its productivity and simplify the design that implements the method.

The problem is solved in that the shield for welding, comprising an actuator fixed thereon, a viewing slot and a holder with a light filter mounted to close and open the slot through the mechanism, further comprises a spring, a mouthpiece and an air duct, the end of the mouthpiece being located near the lips, an executive the mechanism is made in the form of a bellows with a rod, and the duct is fixedly mounted on the face shield and is connected to the mouthpiece at one end and to the bellows with the other, the rod of which is connected with imsya filter holder around the axis, wherein the spring is fastened on the holder and face shields.

The end of the mouthpiece is made of elastic material. Part of the face shield is made in the form of a mask. Part of the face shield is made in the form of a mask with an air intake pipe. The mouthpiece is made in the shape of a mouthpiece. The mouthpiece is made with a filter. Part of the face shield is made in the form of a mask with an exhaust pipe. Part of the face shield is made in the form of a mask with air intake and exhaust pipes. Part of the face shield is made in the form of a mask with intake and air exhaust pipes, one of which is placed inside the other. The mouthpiece is made with a whistle. The end of the mouthpiece is positioned to hold it with elements of the human oral cavity. The angle between the rays emanating from the point of attachment of the spring on the face plate and passing respectively through the axis of the holder and the point of attachment of the end of the spring on the holder, in the extreme position of the filter that covers the gap, is greater than in the other extreme position, with the gap fully open.

The prior art does not reveal solutions that have signs that match the distinguishing features of the claimed invention and have the same effect as they, on the technical result, which consists in improving working conditions, increasing its productivity and simplifying the design that implements the method. These distinctive features allow you to achieve the following advantages compared with the prototype.

The execution of the actuator in the form of a bellows, through which the pressure in the oral cavity and the movement of its elements into the movement of the filter is reduced, reduces noise when the filter is moving, while the mechanism is controlled without the use of hands, which increases ease of use and labor productivity.

The use of a mouthpiece for supplying air to the bellows simplifies the design that implements the method, and increases ease of use.

The use of a mouthpiece with an end made of elastic material increases ease of use and labor productivity.

Performing part of the face shield in the form of a mask improves working conditions and increases its productivity at low ambient temperatures.

The implementation of part of the face shield in the form of a mask with an intake pipe improves working conditions in the presence of a large number of harmful fumes during welding.

The execution of the mouthpiece in the form of a mouthpiece improves working conditions at low ambient temperatures.

The execution of the mouthpiece with a filter eliminates the ingress of saliva into the actuator and its freezing there at negative ambient temperatures.

The execution of part of the face shield in the form of a mask with an exhaust pipe eliminates fogging of the filter by exhaled air at low temperatures, which improves working conditions and, ultimately, increases its productivity.

The execution of part of the face shield in the form of a mask with intake and air exhaust pipes allows to improve working conditions with a large number of harmful emissions during welding at low temperatures.

The execution of part of the face shield in the form of a mask with intake and exhaust pipes, one of which is placed inside the other, improves working conditions at very low temperatures by heating the air moving in the intake pipe, exhaled through the exhaust pipe with warm air.

The rise of the filter above the slit is not completely, i.e. raising the filter above the gap allows for a short inspection of the welded structure to reduce the time it takes to lift the filter and lower it, as well as reduce the energy costs of lifting, which improves working conditions.

The implementation of the mouthpiece with a whistle that automatically whistles when air moves in the mouthpiece when raising or lowering the filter, will warn people working nearby about the beginning or end of welding work. Thanks to this, people will be able to timely take a position in which bright light from an electric arc will not get into their eyes. All this improves working conditions.

The location of the end of the mouthpiece with the possibility of holding it by the elements of the human oral cavity (for example, with teeth) eliminates sudden unplanned movement of the shield during strong gusts of wind, which improves working conditions and increases the safety of welding.

Fulfillment of the angle between the rays emanating from the point of attachment of the spring on the face plate and passing respectively through the axis of the holder and the point of attachment of the end of the spring on the holder, in the extreme position of the filter that covers the gap, more than in the other extreme position, gives a fully open gap, which gives the ability to control the opening of the gap in a wider range depending on the circumstances, i.e. raise the filter without fixing or with fixing in the open position. In this case, a slight movement is required to lower the filter, i.e. essentially the initialization of the lowering process, then the filter drops without the help of a bellows under the action of a spring. This improves working conditions.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the face shield with a pneumatic actuator for raising and lowering the filter on the slit. Figure 2 shows the face shield with a mask. Figure 3 shows the face shield with a mouthpiece.

An air duct 2 is fixedly fixed on the face shield 1, one end of which is connected to the mouthpiece 3, and the other to a bellows 4 mounted on the shield, the rod 5 of which is connected to the holder 7 of the filter 8. The spring 9 is hooked to the pins 10 and 11, mounted respectively on the holder and face shield, which is mounted on the head of a person 12, while the end of the mouthpiece is located near the lips 13. On the face shield can be installed mask 14 with channels 15, 16 for supplying and removing inhaled air, which can be connected to the ends of the pipes 17, 18, the other ends of which are fixed on the back of the shield. The end of the duct 3 can be connected to the mouthpiece 19, located between the jaws 20.

The device operates as follows.

After applying a weld to inspect the structure, lips 13 surround the end of the mouthpiece 3 and create, for example, using the lungs of a person 12, the pressure in the oral cavity, from which air through the duct 2 will enter the bellows 4 (figure 1). In this case, if the mouthpiece is made with a whistle (not shown in the drawing), a whistle will appear, signaling the end of the welding operation and allowing, for example, the welder’s assistant, to perform some action without the risk of being blinded by the light of an electric arc. The bellows stem 5, extending, will rotate the holder 7 around axis 6, while raising the light filter 8. If inspection is assumed to be short-term, then when the filter is deviated from the shield by 60-70 °, the air supply from the oral cavity to the duct 2 is stopped and compressed by the jaws 20 ( teeth) the elastic end of the mouthpiece 3. As a result, the air from the bellows can not go out, and the filter remains in a raised position. After examining the structure, the jaws are opened and air is released from the bellows, while under the action of the spring 9, the holder and the filter will return to their original state. If there is a mouthpiece with a whistle, a whistle will sound, indicating the upcoming resumption of welding and warning others about the need to take measures against blindness. It should be noted that with strong gusts of wind, after the air leaves the bellows, the jaw tip is held by the jaws, providing additional fastening of the face shield in the area of the oral cavity.

If it is necessary to keep the filter in the raised position, air is supplied from the oral cavity to the bellows until the spring 9 passes the position of unstable equilibrium. After that, due to the elastic force of the spring (already without the help of a bellows), the filter 8 will rise to the end and will be held by the spring. To lower the filter onto the slit, lips 13 are wrapped around the mouthpiece 3 and a vacuum is created in the oral cavity, as a result of which air will escape from the bellows, which will begin to compress, lowering filter 8 through holder 7. When spring 9 moves to an unstable state, holder 7 will rotate around the axis 6 already due to the elastic force of the spring until then, until it presses the filter 8 to the slit of the face shield.

As the ambient temperature drops, exhaled air may condense on the filter, and condensate may freeze and impair visibility. To eliminate this phenomenon, part of the face shield is made in the form of a mask, through the channels 15, 16 of which they inhale and exhale air (figure 2). At the same time, warm air does not come in contact with the filter, which eliminates fogging. In addition, a mask made of heat-insulating material protects the nose and front of the face from frostbite.

To prevent inhalation of harmful combustion products (especially when working in small volumes), the intake and exhaust pipes 17, 18 (dotted line in the drawing) are connected to the mask, the ends of which are led out to a zone with a low concentration of harmful substances, for example, to the back of the face shield. It should be noted that the withdrawal of the exhaust pipe into the area with a low concentration of harmful substances is not necessary. However, in the event of an involuntary inhalation through a vent pipe, harmful substances can enter the human body, therefore it is safer to draw both pipes into the indicated area.

At low temperatures, saliva particles entering the mouthpiece may freeze and interrupt airflow into the bellows. Therefore, the mouthpiece is equipped with a filter (not shown) that retains moisture, including contained in the air inhaled into the bellows.

It may turn out that in cold weather it is unpleasant to take a cold mouthpiece into your mouth. To eliminate this inconvenience, instead of the mouthpiece, a mouthpiece 19 is put on the end of the duct 2 (Fig. 3). Using the mouthpiece, you can control the bellows without taking it out of your mouth, so that it does not cool and does not cause discomfort. In addition, since the bellows duct is closed (closed), moisture freezing on the inner surfaces of the bellows during operation is eliminated. To raise the filter 8, increase the pressure on the mouthpiece, for example, with jaws 20, as a result of which air from the mouthpiece through the duct 2 rushes into the bellows 4, turning the holder 7 and raising the filter 8. To lower the filter, open the jaw 20, while the mouthpiece restores its shape (thanks elastic properties of its material) and the bellows returns to its original position, lowering the light filter into the gap. Note that if the elastic strength of the mouthpiece material is not enough to restore the shape (or to accelerate this recovery), then create a vacuum in the oral cavity, forming additional air pressure from the inside of the mouthpiece. After the spring 9 passes the position of unstable equilibrium, the filter will close under the action of its elastic force, while the mouthpiece will completely recover.

In severe frosts, for example, pipe 17 is inserted into pipe 18. Then the air moving through the intake pipe will be heated by the heat of exhaled air, contributing to less cooling of a person.

The implementation of the invention will allow you to create a simple in design and easy to use device for protecting a person during welding.

Claims (12)

1. A shield for welding, comprising an actuator fixed to it, an inspection slot and a holder with a filter installed to close and open the gap by means of a mechanism, characterized in that it further comprises a spring, a mouthpiece and an air duct, the end of the mouthpiece being located near the lips , the actuator is made in the form of a bellows with a rod, and the duct is fixedly mounted on the face shield and is connected to the mouthpiece at one end and the bellows, the rod of which is connected with a filter holder that is rotated around the axis and the spring is fixed to the holder and the face shield. 2. The shield according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the mouthpiece is made of elastic material. 3. The shield according to claim 1, characterized in that part of the face shield is made in the form of a mask. 4. The shield according to claim 1, characterized in that part of the face shield is made in the form of a mask with an air intake pipe. 5. The shield according to claim 1, characterized in that the mouthpiece is made in the form of a mouthpiece. 6. The shield according to claim 1, characterized in that the mouthpiece is made with a filter. 7. The shield according to claim 1, characterized in that part of the face shield is made in the form of a mask with an air exhaust pipe. 8. The shield according to claim 1, characterized in that the part of the face shield is made in the form of a mask with air intake and exhaust pipes. 9. The shield according to claim 1, characterized in that part of the face shield is made in the form of a mask with air intake and air exhaust pipes, one of which is placed inside the other. 10. The shield according to claim 1, characterized in that the mouthpiece is made with a whistle. 11. The shield according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the mouthpiece is positioned to hold it with elements of the human oral cavity. 12. The shield according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle between the rays emanating from the point of attachment of the spring on the face shield and passing respectively through the axis of the holder and the point of attachment of the end of the spring on the holder, in the extreme position of the filter that covers the gap more than in the other extreme position - with a fully open gap.

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