RU2457089C1 - Head for welding by consumable electrode - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention may be used in welding of straight, curved and ring butts. Welding torch, welding wire feed device and vibrator are arranged on strut slide. Strut is arranged on support and incorporates horizontal motion drive. Support is arranged on cam to turn about horizontal axis. Cam is mounted in journal to turn vertically. Journal is arranged on support to turn about vertical axis. Torch vibrator consists of plate secured to welding torch, axle with rocker fitted thereon, fixed and moving plates, and motor with cam fitted on output shaft. Lengthwise slot is made in every plate. Motor may displace along said slot and be locked in preset position. Cam is passed through moving fixed plate slot and extended into moving plate slot.

EFFECT: accurate adjustment of torch to butt, higher quality of welding.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to equipment for welding and can be used for automatic welding of straight, circular and circular joints of structures made of steel and aluminum alloys in a protective gas environment with a consumable electrode.

A device for welding circular seams, containing a centering element installed in the pipe to be welded into the tube plate. The centering element is inserted into the pipe before contact with its end by the shoulders and fixed with a nut.

The centering element is rotatably mounted on the rack. The stand is fastened with a carriage on which a gear motor and a worm are mounted, which is meshed with a hollow worm wheel in the cavity of which the bearing is mounted. The device is equipped with a welding torch connected to a collector type gas and gas supply containing a cup and a gas supply manifold. A spring is installed on the manifold, which ensures quick installation of the shank with a conical cavity in the collector cavity.

In the process, the device on the tube plate selects the holes for installing the centering element in the form of a collet. The centering hole in the tube plate is chosen so that it is possible to process the maximum number of holes, that is, weld the pipes into them during maximum movements and rotations of the device and without moving it from the hole on which it is fixed. After installing the device on the board and fixing it with a nut, they begin to sequentially boil the seams of the pipes installed in the pipe board, providing for one pipe installation to weld the pipes into all the holes of the pipe board (see RF patent No. 2096153, class V23K 37/02, 1997 )

As a result of the analysis of the design of this device, it should be noted that it provides welding of circular seams, when using it does not require rearrangement after welding each element and provides high performance, however, the device has a very limited area of use, since it is intended for welding joints mainly in large-sized plates, it does not provide high accuracy of the installation of the torch on the butt, which limits the scope of the known device, especially in terms of welding natural products.

A welding head is known, consisting of a housing made in the form of a cylinder, in which a hollow shaft is mounted rotatably, comprising lateral openings through which gas and water supply leads to the welding torch are discharged.

A suspension is mounted on the hollow shaft by means of a bracket on the guides, on which a welding wire feed mechanism is installed, including a cassette, a roller mechanism, a guide, a mouthpiece, a mechanism for adjusting the position of the working end of the mouthpiece, and also an electric motor of the roller mechanism. A mirror is installed on the welding torch to observe the welded joint. On the upper part of the housing there is a mechanism for rotating the hollow shaft, including an electric motor kinematically connected to the gear fixed to the hollow shaft. The housing by means of an arm, an intermediate link, guides and the actuator of the arc adjustment unit is mounted on a rack using a spherical kinematic pair.

From the bottom of the housing there is a current lead, made in the form of an insulator, rigidly fixed to the hollow shaft and aligned with it. The insulator contains sockets in which floating brushes are installed by means of a spring, located coaxially with respect to the hollow shaft, the brushes being placed in the sockets with uneven pitch. The upper end of the brushes is mated to a copper disk fixed to the lower end of the housing, and the lower end of the brushes is connected via an electric wire to a current-carrying copper disk mounted on the lower end of the insulator.

The welding head also contains a gas and gas distributor made in the form of a cylinder and a sleeve containing annular grooves in the interface zone.

The annular grooves by means of channels from the upper part of the cylinder are aligned with the corresponding fittings of the gas and gas supply lines, and from the lower side additionally with channels and by means of hoses and seals are connected to the burner.

The head also contains a multi-section current lead to provide power to the electric motor of the wire feed mechanism. In this case, the current supply is made in the form of a collector mounted on a hollow shaft and self-clamping brushes located in the housings.

The welding head can be used to weld welded elements with circular seams, for example parts such as flanges in the obeychaku. The welded flange is assembled with a shell by means of a butt joint on a removable lining or by using a tack. Then, using the centralizer, the axis of rotation of the hollow shaft is combined with the center of the flange and the centralizer is pressed.

As a centralizer, a suction cup, or a disk washer, or a centering cone can be used (see RF patent No. 2048281, CL V23K 37/02, 1995) - the closest analogue.

As a result of the analysis of the design of the known head, it should be noted that it provides automatic welding of circular seams with a tungsten electrode in a shielding gas environment using filler wire, however, this head has a very complicated setting for the welded joint, since it is necessary to move units having a rather large mass, which leads to loss of precision settings. In addition, this head is quite complex structurally, and its use only for welding circumferential seams limits the scope. When using a centralizer, relative to which the welding torch is rotated, lack of penetration of the welded joint is possible, which reduces the quality of welding.

The technical result of the present invention is the development of the design of the welding head for welding with a consumable electrode, which provides high-quality welding of ring and straight seams in all spatial positions by providing accurate adjustment of the torch to the welded joint and ensuring its vibrations across the welded joint during the welding process.

The specified technical result is ensured due to the fact that the head is equipped with a welding torch vibrator, in the head for welding with a consumable electrode containing a bracket, a stand, a welding torch equipped with coolant and shielding gas supplies, as well as a welding wire feed mechanism, with a pin, a fist and a console, on the stand, by means of a slider having the ability to move vertically by means of a drive, a welding torch, a welding wire feed mechanism and a vibrator are placed a burner, the stand is mounted on the console and has a horizontal displacement drive, the console is mounted on a fist that can be rotated about the horizontal axis, the fist is mounted on a trunnion that can be rotated in a vertical plane, and the trunnion is mounted on a bracket that can be rotated about a vertical axis, this welding gun vibrator is made in the form of a plate attached to the welding torch, the axis on which the rocker is worn, movable and fixed plates, in each of which you a longitudinal groove of the electric motor is filled, on the output shaft of which an eccentric is mounted, the electric motor being mounted to move along the groove and fix in a predetermined position on the fixed plate, the eccentric is passed through the groove of the fixed plate and inserted into the groove of the movable plate, which is fixed to the beam with which also bonded plate.

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated by drawings, in which:

figure 1 - welding head, General view;

figure 2 - head bracket mounted on it with a pin;

figure 3 is a view a of figure 2;

figure 4 is a section aa in figure 2;

figure 5 - vibrator of the welding torch;

Fig.6 is a view A of Fig.5.

The head for welding with a consumable electrode comprises a bracket 1 having elements 2 for mounting the head on the console of the welding installation (not shown). A trunnion 4 is mounted on the bracket 1 by means of a vertical axis 3. The trunnion 4 has the possibility of rotation about a vertical axis and fixing in a predetermined position. On the axle 4 by means of the horizontal axis 5, a fist 6 is installed, having the ability to rotate relative to the horizontal axis in the vertical plane and lock in a predetermined position. The locking mechanism can be performed in various known ways, for example, in the form of holes made on the trunnion and on the fist. When the fist is rotated by a predetermined angle, its position is fixed by a rod inserted into the holes of the pin and fist.

On the fist 6 there is a landing hole 7 into which the console 8 is mounted by means of an axis (not shown). The console 8 has the ability to rotate relative to the horizontal axis and lock in a predetermined position. The locking mechanism can be performed in various known ways, for example, in the form of clamping screws mounted on the fist.

The head also contains an insulator 9 mounted on the console, on which a slider (not indicated by position) is installed for horizontal movement of the rack 10 connected to the console, on which the slider 11 is mounted with the possibility of vertical movement by means of the drive. The slider 11 is a basic part, the insulator 12 is fixed to the slider, on which the filler (welding) wire feed mechanism 13 is placed, made in the form of a cartridge 14 mounted on an arm 15, drive and pressure rollers 16 and an electric motor 17 for rotation of the drive castors, and welding torch 18.

On the burner 18 there are fittings (not indicated by the position) to ensure the circulation of coolant (water) through its cavity and the supply of protective gas (argon) to the welding zone.

Moving the slider 11 in a vertical or inclined position (depending on the position of the head relative to the welded product) is carried out by means of a drive that can be made in various ways, for example, in the form of a helical gear, the nut 19 of which is connected to the slider 11, and the screw is mounted on rack electric motor 20, providing rotation of the screw.

The stand 10, as already mentioned above, has the possibility of horizontal lateral movement relative to the console 8 by means of a drive 21, which can be performed similarly to the drive for moving the slider 11.

The head is equipped with a vibrator of the welding torch 18, which ensures the swing of the welding torch across the welded joint with a frequency of 0.5 to 15 Hz, and an amplitude of 2 to 8 mm. The vibrator is made in the form of a bracket 22, mounted on the housing of the wire feed mechanism and fastened to a welding torch, movable 23 and fixed 24 plates, each of which has a longitudinal groove (25 and 26, respectively), of an axis 27 fastened to the bracket 22 of the electric motor 28 , on the output shaft of which an eccentric 29 is installed. To set a predetermined swing amplitude of the burner, the electric motor 28 is arranged to move along the groove and fix in a predetermined position on the fixed plate 24, the eccentric 29 is passed through az and 26 wound in the groove 25. The movable plate 23 is bonded to the yoke 30 around the swinging axis 27, which bracket 22 also bears the

The burner 18 is installed in the holder 31 and the clamp 32. The holder 31 is fixed on the beam 30, and the holder 32 - on the plate 33, fastened to the beam.

The mechanism of rotation of the fist 6 in the vertical plane can be performed in various ways, for example, in the form of gear rollers 34, meshed with the gear cutting of the fist and driven by keys.

The fixing mechanism of the console 8 in the hole 7 can be made in the form of clamping screws 35.

In the mechanisms for moving the burner (vertical, transverse, burner vibrator, welding wire feed) gearless stepper motors are used, which allows to simplify the design of the head by eliminating gearboxes, reduce its weight and provide a wide range of regulation of the operation modes of the head.

The operation of the head is controlled from a control panel (not shown).

The head for welding by a consumable electrode works as follows.

Using the bracket 1, the head is mounted on the console of the welding installation, on which the item to be welded is installed (not indicated by the position).

The head is configured for processing as follows.

By turning the axle 4 relative to the axis 3 and turning the axis of the console 8 in the hole 7 of the fist 6, the burner is set to a predetermined position relative to the vertical and horizontal axes.

By turning the fist 6 relative to the horizontal axis 5, a predetermined angular position of the burner is set.

The mechanisms of vertical movement and horizontal movement lead the torch to the welded joint.

By moving the electric motor 28 along the fixed plate 24 and fixing it in a predetermined position, the oscillation amplitude of the movable plate 23 and, accordingly, the welding torch 18 is set. The eccentric 29 is in the groove 25 of the movable plate.

The welding wire 13 is tucked into the rollers 16 of the feed mechanism and inserted into the mouthpiece of the torch 18.

They include the power supply to the head, the supply of shielding gas and coolant to the welding torch 18, the supply of the welding wire, and the vibrator motor of the welding torch. Weld the seam.

During welding of the seam, when the engine 28 is operating, the eccentric 29, rotating in the groove of the movable plate, sets the swing motion across the welded seam. When swinging the plate, the rocking movement is performed by the rocker arm 30, and the plate 33, and hence the welding torch 18.

At the end of the weld, the water supply, the shielding gas, the motors of the wire feed mechanism and the vibrator are turned off, the welding torch is moved by the mechanisms of horizontal and vertical movement from the welded joint and from the product, and the power supply to the head is turned off.

The design of the head allows the burner to be manipulated by turning about the vertical and horizontal axes, vertical and horizontal movements, and tilting about a vertical plane. This allows welding of horizontal, vertical and inclined joints, as well as circular and circular joints, which significantly increases the scope of the head.

Introduction to the design of the head of the swing mechanism of the burner improves the quality of welding joints.

Claims (2)

1. A head for welding with a consumable electrode, comprising a bracket, a stand, a welding torch equipped with coolant and shielding gas supplies, and a welding wire feed mechanism, characterized in that it is equipped with a welding torch vibrator, a pin, a fist and a console, on the stand by a slider having the ability to move vertically by means of a drive, a welding torch, a welding wire feed mechanism and a welding torch vibrator are placed, the stand is mounted on the console and has the drive moved In the horizontal plane, the console is mounted on a fist rotatably relative to the horizontal axis, the fist is mounted in a trunnion with the possibility of rotation in a vertical plane, and the trunnion mounted on a bracket rotatably with respect to the vertical axis. 2. The head for welding with a consumable electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that the vibrator of the welding torch consists of a plate fastened to the welding torch, an axis on which the beam is worn, a movable and fixed plate, each of which has a longitudinal groove, and an electric motor , on the output shaft of which an eccentric is installed, and the electric motor is mounted with the possibility of moving along the groove and fixing in a predetermined position on the fixed plate, the eccentric is passed through the groove of the fixed plate and movably inserted into the groove th plate, which is bonded to the beam, with which the plate is also bonded.

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