RU2456692C2 - Nuclear ammunition of collider type - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: ammunition comprises the following elements placed into a common body (1) - a device to synchronise explosions (2) of each active element and two and more active elements (3), placed into a shell that reflects neutrons (4). Active elements create a flat or spatial structure. Each of active elements comprises a detonating fuse (5), a cumulative charge (6) from an ordinary or brisant explosive, with a coating of a cumulative funnel (7), arranged in the form of a nuclear fissioning substance, for instance, uranium or plutonium. Axes (8) of a cumulative jet (9) emission are directed and focused into a single point of an assembly of supercritical mass of the nuclear fissioning substance in the opposite direction.

EFFECT: development of a device combining advantages of both gun and implosive versions of a critical mass assembly and kinetic retention of a nuclear fissioning substance.

3 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of military affairs and is intended for a nuclear explosion.

State of the art

Nuclear ammunition is known in which an explosion is carried out by converting the subcritical mass of nuclear fissile material into supercritical. The transfer is carried out either by moving the subcritical masses to the “assembly” point with the formation of the supercritical mass of the nuclear fissile material (the so-called “cannon” type charges), or by volumetric compression of the nuclear fissile material to the supercritical mass with a layer of a conventional explosive substance (the so-called implosive type charges) and the subsequent nuclear explosion reactions.

A disadvantage of the described devices is that the energy released during the chain reaction leads to the rapid heating of the mass of fissile material and, as a result, to the expansion of this mass. After some time, the charge loses its criticality and the chain reaction stops. Since the total energy of the explosion depends on the number of nuclei that managed to undergo fission during the time during which the charge was in a critical state, to obtain a sufficiently large power of the explosion, it is necessary to keep the mass of fissile material in a critical state for as long as possible.

The aim of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages and create conditions for a higher level of compression of nuclear fissile material at the point of "assembly" of the supercritical mass.

The technical result of the invention is to provide a device that combines the advantages of both methods of "assembling" supercritical mass and kinetic confinement of nuclear fissile material.

Disclosure of invention

This goal is achieved in that the nuclear ammunition of the collider type consists of an explosive synchronization device (2) of each active element and two or more active elements (3) placed in a shell reflecting neutrons (4) placed in a common housing (1), while active the elements form a flat or spatial structure, characterized in that each of the active elements consists of a fuse (5), a cumulative charge (6) of a conventional or blasting explosive with a cumulative funnel coating (7), made and nuclear fissile material such as uranium or plutonium, and the axis (8) of cumulative ejection stream (9) are directed and focused to a single point "assemblies" (10) supercritical mass nuclear fissionable material in the opposite direction.

The delivery of nuclear fissile material to the point of “assembly” is carried out according to the “cannon” type, while the nuclear fissile material is compressed as a cumulative jet as a coating of the cumulative funnel of each active element. At the “assembly” point of the supercritical mass, the temperature and density of the nuclear-explosive particles increase even more due to the oncoming (“collider”) direction of the cumulative jet movement.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The figure 1 shows the design of a single active element of an ammunition of a nuclear collider type.

The figure 2 shows the design of the munition nuclear collider type before the explosion.

The figure 3 shows the design of the ammunition of the nuclear collider type in the explosion process.

The implementation of the invention

The implementation of the invention is carried out by manufacturing ammunition from active elements (3), for which purpose an explosive (6), for example, of a conventional or brisant action, of a cumulative charge is covered by a funnel (7) consisting of nuclear fissile material, such as uranium or plutonium, flat assembly or a spatial structure of two or more active elements with axes (8) of the ejection of the cumulative jet (9) directed to a single point of “assembly” (10), the connection of fuses (5) of the active elements with a blast synchronization system (2), placing all active elements in the shell of a material reflecting neutrons (4), for example beryllium, and placing the entire structure in the body (1).

The activation of nuclear collider-type ammunition is carried out by acting on the explosive synchronization system (2).

Industrial applicability

Nuclear collider type ammunition can be used in civilian use for blasting operations, as well as in military equipment for military missions in the form of mine devices, in the form of ammunition delivered by aviation and missiles, and in the form of ammunition for various artillery and mortar systems, as an ignitor for thermonuclear charges.

The simplest to manufacture and use may be a design of two active elements.

Claims (1)

A nuclear collider-type ammunition consisting of an explosive synchronization device (2) placed in a common housing (1) for each active element and two or more active elements (3) placed in a neutron-reflecting shell (4), while the active elements form a flat or spatial design, characterized in that each of the active elements consists of a fuse (5), a cumulative charge (6) of a conventional or blasting explosive coated with a cumulative funnel (7) made of nuclear fissile material, Example uranium or plutonium, and the axis (8) of cumulative ejection stream (9) are directed and focused to a single point "assemblies" (10) supercritical mass nuclear fissionable material in the opposite direction.

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