RU2455699C1 - Method for automated teaching personnel of offshore gas and oil platforms how to act in extreme and emergency conditions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information technology.

SUBSTANCE: method involves using a computer system to generate a flexible information space, provided with a knowledge base which systemises emergency situations and their corresponding signs of disruption of technological processes; a device for generating emergency situations; a device for generating signs; a device for evaluating knowledge and skills of the trainee in training and examination conditions; a device for user setup of parameters of evaluating knowledge and skills of the trainee; a device for logging training sessions; a trainee interface with a device for generating an emergency situation, a device for generating signs and a device for evaluating, a user interface with knowledge base, a device for evaluating and a device for logging training sessions, wherein the flexible information space is generated by creating a virtual environment, for which signs of an emergency situation are synthesised and presented to the trainee and then, with the aim of detecting the source of the emergency situation, the trainee is provided with means of interacting with the virtual environment for movement; the trainee is simultaneously provided with the possibility of virtual application of means of personal protection and rescue means, taking into account the action of adverse factors of the accident on the virtual model of the trainee; each action performed by the trainee is recorded by the logging device; the process of unfolding of the emergency situation is simulated and adaptive control of the training process is carried out; the timeliness and correctness of the sequence of decisions made is evaluated, wherein the user is provided with an option of selecting from the data base prepared scenarios of the accident and generating for the virtual environment the place and parameters of the emergency situation at an arbitrary moment in time.

EFFECT: high efficiency of mastering practical skills in emergency containment on offshore oil and gas platforms in extreme and emergency conditions.

Description

The invention relates to computer-based training for operators and operating personnel of technological installations and the control of their knowledge, skills and actions of effective and safe process control (TP) and is intended for the training of offshore oil and gas platform personnel in extreme and emergency conditions.

The existing system of training on production safety largely copies the classroom lesson system, focused on personnel with average capabilities, complicating the individual approach and restricting work with students with high individual abilities. This training system uses training tools primarily for reference, monitoring and demonstration. To compensate for the shortcomings of the training system in the methodological plan allows the use of technology of virtual reality systems.

The use of virtual environment technology in training tools is especially important for staff training in cases where training at real facilities or specialized simulators is too expensive or even impossible for security reasons. For such tasks, first of all, imitation of dangerous situations is required, in particular, such imitation is necessary for training and training personnel in actions in the event of elimination of the causes and consequences of a severe accident or catastrophe. In these simulators, an emergency can be created hypothetically, as a generalization of information in real-life accidents along with theoretical and theoretical studies. It is also possible to recreate any particular accident or disaster. In any case, this recreation aims to create the illusion of a typical emergency situation, so that the skills acquired by students can be adapted to a specific situation, if any, arises in the future.

There is a method of automated training and certification for the safety of training, including automated procedures for training and monitoring the knowledge of workers, carried out individually in the environment of the knowledge they need, accumulated taking into account the specifics of a particular production, and using cycles consisting of textual and graphical descriptions of production situations, including contingencies, allowing to achieve compliance of the acquired skills with the requirements of the upcoming work with fixing stereotypes, successfully but transferred to the actual production and supporting the ability to self-adapt and generate new knowledge, self-training based on the results of communication with the trainee and certified, the accumulation and accounting of differences between an experienced specialist and a novice, and use the form and content of statements and protocols that allow you to accurately record the state of training and the results of knowledge control over an exhaustive number of parameters, including mandatory and user-generated, compare the results of training and certification of employees, times resolve any contentious issues, carry out effective machine control of the completeness and frequency of training and certification in accordance with current requirements, apply a system of machine logical reasoning that guarantees the feasibility of selecting certain training and certification procedures implemented in the computing environment of targeted expert systems, including methods and means of formation intellectual training and knowledge-controlling programs with models of the problem area, learning processes, learning which are certified and certified as part of databases and knowledge, organized in the form of a systematic way of information and situations and having a productive nature that provides the most visibility to the user and supports the accumulation of knowledge using text-graphics procedures and primitives by a non-programming professional, they use the modular principle to apply it independently working training units, conditions for certification, certification, statements and protocols, target databases and knowledge, personnel, intelligence of the physical interface, the instrumental environment, distinguished by the types of knowledge localized in them, having the corresponding knowledge, the ability to rationally perform their functions and to quickly change their set in the system frame without violating its structure as a whole, with the possibility of making changes to individual blocks during operation and with the division of work with blocks into the work of the person responsible for the preparation and certification of production safety and certified or trained to achieve the necessary simplicity and access Nost operation (RF patent №2166211, IPC: G09B 19/00).

The closest prototype is a method of automated training in basic skills in process control, which includes the use of a computer system to create a flexible information space equipped with a knowledge base that provides for the systematization of causes and corresponding symptoms of technological process disturbances, a device for generating causes, a device for generating symptoms, a device for assessing the learner's knowledge and skills in training and exam modes, by the user’s settings for evaluating the student’s knowledge and skills, the exam recording device, the student’s interface with the cause generation device, the symptom generation device and the assessment device, the instructor’s interface with the knowledge base, the evaluation device and the exam recording device, moreover, a flexible information space is formed by replenishing the user database knowledge due to the generalization of known typical violations of the TP, analysis of violations on real technological installations of a particular enterprise, modeling situations on computer simulators and attracting expert evaluations of specialists, they consistently generate and present the learner with individual causes with a set of symptoms, some of which correspond to the presented reasons, to select the right symptoms, sequentially generate and present with the learner individual sets of symptoms with several reasons , one of which corresponds to the presented set of symptoms, for choosing the right cause, and in the tren mode To the student, they present the correct answers for each choice, in the exam mode they present the student with an overall grade for the task, consisting of a predetermined number of selections by the user, provide the user with the opportunity to configure the parameters for assessing the correctness of the choices made by the students, provide the user with a detailed examination protocol for each student for analysis and certification of knowledge and skills of the student (RF patent for the invention No. 2229166, MKI: G09B 19/18).

However, the above methods of analogue and prototype have significant disadvantages, which are:

- the methods do not allow to implement and work out emergency situations associated with a risk to the life of the trainee or damage to expensive training equipment;

- training systems that implement the above methods are open-ended, do not allow for adaptive management of the learning process; the system can in no way affect the development of the studied processes and the optimization of the learner's skills in dynamics;

- in the methods there is no possibility of simulating audio-visual symptoms of emergency situations for self-recognition by the learner.

The task to which the invention is directed is to create a training methodology or method that will allow one to acquire practical skills in dealing with accidents on offshore oil and gas platforms (fire, flooding, emergency abandonment of the platform) in extreme and emergency conditions.

The problem is solved in that in a method of automated training for offshore oil and gas platform personnel in extreme and emergency conditions, which includes using a computer system to create a flexible information space equipped with a knowledge base that provides for the systematization of emergency situations and the corresponding symptoms of technological process disturbances , an emergency generation device, a symptom generation device, an assessment device tions of knowledge and skills of the student in the training mode and the exam, the user device parameter settings knowledge assessment and teaching skills; a training logging device, a learner’s interface with an emergency generation device, with a symptom generating device and with a rating device, a knowledge base user interface, a rating device and a training logging device, create a flexible information space by creating a virtual environment for which emergency symptoms are synthesized situations and present to the student, and then, in order to detect the source of the emergency provide the student with funds actions with a virtual environment for moving, at the same time provide the learner with the possibility of virtual use of personal protective equipment and rescue equipment, taking into account the impact of the damaging factors of the accident on the learner’s virtual model, record every action performed by the learner with a logging device, simulate the emergency development process and adaptively manage the learning process, evaluate the timeliness and correctness of the sequence of decision-making, and give the user the ability to select prepared emergency scenarios and generation from the database for the virtual environment of the place and emergency parameters at any time.

The proposed method consists in generating a virtual environment (environment) for the student’s workplace using interactive three-dimensional graphics. The virtual environment is defined with a high degree of adequacy to the real environment. At the workplace, equipment and controls and displays are displayed that provide the real state of the simulated equipment. In addition to instruments and systems, the virtual environment includes means for signaling emergency situations and means for dealing with accidents. Virtual environment with high quality simulates the acoustic environment and the physical environment, including the display of atmospheric and other phenomena such as smoke, flame, water and the water surface. The system also provides the learner with virtual equipment controls.

When working out the tasks of emergency response at the workplace of the training supervisor, the type of emergency and some initial conditions for its development are set (independent input or selection from pre-prepared ones). After starting the training, simulation of the emergency state is carried out. When some critical conditions simulated by an accident are reached, a student who monitors the state of a technological installation using a virtual environment and moves through the virtual premises of the platform will receive audiovisual images adequate to the developing emergency: the noise of incoming water during flooding, smoke spreading in space from a fire, and fire flame. If symptoms of an emergency are detected, the student takes the actions provided for by the regulatory instructions: applies personal protective equipment; starts searching for the source of the emergency situation and, in the event of its localization, starts measures to eliminate it: closes holes, extinguishes the fire flame with fire extinguishing means provided for the detected type of fire in a given room, virtually performs the necessary final actions and leaves the virtual workplace along a given path evacuation.

The student’s actions are recorded by the action logging system. Based on this protocol, according to the selected methodology, the learner will assess the actions to combat the emergency.

Simulated dangerous phenomena affect the student’s virtual essence and, in case of untimely or incorrect use of personal protective equipment, calculate the damage caused to a person by damaging factors (temperature field, smoke, water) and demonstrate it to the student in the form of audiovisual images: dizziness, fainting, pain by darkening the eyes and creating noise and beating in the sound channel.

Modeling of the emergency development process is implemented by simulation models that most adequately reflect the nature of the developing emergency. The accident development model operates taking into account the actions of the learner, that is, if his actions in the virtual environment aimed at preventing the further development of the accident are successful, then the development of the accident undergoes changes: the process slows down until it is completely stopped. Otherwise, the accident develops further at a pace determined by the characteristics of the medium being studied.

Based on the results of the training, the leader can evaluate the student’s activity in a virtual environment by the common sign of completion of the training: the accident has been eliminated or not, as well as by the detailed protocol of the student’s actions committed during the training. This sequence of actions is stored in the database. The training leader can choose one of the proposed methods for evaluating the learner's activity on the basis of statistical information, or on the basis of some expert assessment for this type of accident.

Thus, the proposed method allows the learner to gain practical skills in dealing with the consequences of accidents at the workplace, to fix in the consciousness the sequence of actions necessary to ensure his own safety and the technological facilities at which he should carry out his activities. The method allows you to fill the existing gap between the theoretical foundations of teaching basic knowledge (skills and actions to ensure safety and efficient process control) and modern information technologies.

The proposed method has novelty and significant distinguishing features.

The method and system that implements it are developed and tested as part of the technical project for OJSC Central Design Bureau MT Rubin under state contract No. 9411.1007400.09.097.

Claims (1)

A method for the automated training of personnel of offshore oil and gas production platforms in extreme and emergency conditions, including the use of a computer system for creating a flexible information space equipped with a knowledge base that provides for the systematization of emergencies and the corresponding symptoms of process disturbances, an emergency generation device, a symptom generation device, device for assessing the learner's knowledge and skills in training modes exam, device parameters user settings knowledge assessment and teaching skills; a training logging device, a learner’s interface with an emergency generation device, with a symptom generating device and with a rating device, a knowledge base user interface, with a rating device and with a training recording device, characterized in that a flexible information space is formed by creating a virtual environment for which synthesize the symptoms of an emergency and present to the student, and then, in order to detect the source of the emergency, provide about At the same time, the means of interaction with the virtual environment for moving simultaneously provide the learner with the possibility of virtual use of personal protective equipment and rescue equipment, taking into account the impact of the damaging factors of the accident on the student’s virtual model, record each completed action of the learner by the logging device, simulate the emergency development process and carry out adaptive process control training, evaluate the timeliness and correctness of the sequence of adoption Addressing, and allow the user to choose from a database of trained accident scenarios and for generating virtual environments places and emergency settings at any time.