RU2455541C1 - Shock-absorber and method of its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: shock-absorber includes upper and lower metal plates separated by a rubber sheath. In the cavity of vulcanised rubber shell there is an array of unvulcanised rubber, surrounded by several wraparound elastic rubber layers. The degree of vulcanisation of each layer of the array unvulcanised rubber vulcanised to the wall of the shell gradually increases from 0 to 100%. A method of manufacture of the shock absorber lies in the assembly and its vulcanisation between two metal plates in the press mould. In the cavity of the rubber vulcanised shell the array of rubber compound without the vulcanising group, previously tightly wound by rubber layers. The layers contain different amounts of vulcanising group at an increasing rate from the array of rubber compound to the wall of rubber membrane. Then the workpiece is laid into the mould and vulcanisation is carried out on the press.

EFFECT: improved absorption of vibration energy, the ability to control stiffness and obtainment of the elastostrained properties of the shock absorber.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in any machines and devices subject to dynamic and shock effects, to reduce the level of dynamic loads and vibration isolation, for example, in transport.

Known shock absorber (AS 194477 USSR, IPC 47a, publ. 30.03.67, bull. No. 8), which is a shell made of a plastic metal alloy with a filler of a rigid porous material - foam.

A disadvantage of the known shock absorber is that it can only function in a rather narrow range of loads and frequencies.

A known method of manufacturing a shock absorber (RF patent 2318838, IPC C08L 13/02, publ. 10.03.08, bull. No. 7), by hot pressing from a polymer composition, while before the stage of vulcanization, a polyethylene film is applied to the surface of the unvulcanized preform.

The disadvantage of this method is the need to use additional parts of another material, which complicates the manufacturing process of manufacturing a shock absorber.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result is a shock absorber (AS 1618921 RF, IPC F16F 7/00, publ. 07.01.91, bull. No. 1), containing toroidal shells of a C-shaped profile placed in one another, and the elastic filler is made in the form of elastomeric particles, some of which are flexible curved rods, the ends of the shells are connected by clamps.

The disadvantage of this shock absorber is the inability to damp large large shock loads due to the complexity of the design of the clamps of the ends of the toroidal shells.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result was chosen the method of manufacturing a shock absorber (V.N. Ivanova, L.A. Aleushin. Technology of rubber technical products. Chemistry. - 1980. - P.56-57) in the connection of several calendared rubber sheets by the method duplication, longitudinal and transverse cutting of parts with circular knives, bonding of shock absorber blanks from parts and subsequent laying of the blank into the mold for vulcanization on the press.

The technical result of the invention is the maximum possible absorption of vibrational energy due to the large size of the hysteresis loop, the regulation of stiffness and obtaining the specified elastic-damping properties of the shock absorber.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the shock absorber containing the upper and lower metal plates between which the rubber shell is located differs in that an array of unvulcanized rubber mixture is located in the cavity of the rubber vulcanized shell, surrounded by several elastic rubber layers enveloping it and gradually increasing from 0 up to 100% degree of vulcanization of each layer from an array of unvulcanized rubber mixture to the wall of the vulcanized shell.

A method of manufacturing a shock absorber, which consists in assembling and vulcanizing it between two metal plates in a mold, characterized in that an array of a rubber mixture without a vulcanizing group is installed in the cavity of the rubber vulcanizable shell, previously tightly wrapped with rubber layers containing different amounts of vulcanizing group growing from mass of the rubber mixture to the wall of the rubber shell, then lay the workpiece in the mold and cure in the press.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing:

figure 1 is a section of a shock absorber.

The shock absorber contains the upper and lower metal plates 1 (Fig. 1), between which there is a rubber vulcanized shell 2, in which an array of unvulcanized rubber mixture 3 is located, surrounded by several elastic rubber layers 4 tightly covering it with a gradually increasing degree of vulcanization of each layer from 0 to one hundred%.

The shock absorber works as follows.

Under the action of a variable external load on the metal plate 1, the vibrational energy is dissipated both in the rubber vulcanized shell 2 with rubber layers 4 of various degrees of vulcanization, and mainly in the mass of unvulcanized rubber compound 3 having a wide hysteresis loop, i.e. a large internal friction.

By changing the ratios and volumes of vulcanized and unvulcanized rubbers in an elastic element, the given elastic-damping characteristics of the shock absorber are obtained.

The manufacture of the shock absorber is made as follows.

Between the upper and lower metal plates 1, an unvulcanized rubber shell 2 is installed, in the cavity of which an array of rubber compound 3 without a vulcanizing group is placed, previously tightly wrapped with elastic rubber layers 4 with a gradually increasing degree of vulcanization of each layer from 0 to 100% of the mass of unvulcanized rubber mixture 3 to the wall of the rubber shell 2. The degree of vulcanization of the layer is determined by the amount of substance of the vulcanizing group in the layer. Then the workpiece is laid in the mold and vulcanized on the press in the standard mode.

Using the proposed invention will reduce the dynamic loads that occur during the operation of various machines, increase the smoothness of the vehicles and thereby increase their durability.

Claims (2)

1. The shock absorber containing the upper and lower metal plates, between which there is a rubber shell, characterized in that in the cavity of the rubber vulcanized shell is an array of unvulcanized rubber mixture, surrounded by several elastic rubber layers covering it with gradually increasing from 0 to 100% degree of vulcanization of each layer from the array of unvulcanized rubber compound to the wall of the vulcanized shell. 2. A method of manufacturing a shock absorber according to claim 1, which consists in assembling and vulcanizing it between two metal plates in a mold, characterized in that an array of the rubber mixture without a vulcanizing group is installed in the cavity of the rubber vulcanizable shell, pre-wound tightly with rubber layers containing different the amount of the vulcanizing group is increasing from the mass of the rubber mixture to the wall of the rubber shell, then the workpiece is laid in the mold and vulcanization is carried out on the press.