RU2455517C1 - Nozzle of variable expansion degree - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: nozzle includes stationary part and folded part made in the form of shaped panels hinged to stationary part, and panel folding mechanism. The latter includes guides, drive and strong ring connected to the drive and folding the panels during its movement along the nozzle axis till nozzle flared end is formed. Guide of each panel is formed with a ring arranged in longitudinal symmetry axis of the panel, with an elongated through slot made in it. Strong ring is passed through slots in ribs. Slots in ribs of each even panel are parallel to the panel surface. Slots of odd panels are shaped so that longitudinal edges of odd panels are overlapped with edges of even panels during movement of strong ring to the nozzle section. Adjoining edges of panels are L-shaped; with a flange directed upwards at the overlapping panels, and with a flange directed downwards at the overlapped panels.

EFFECT: invention allows improving operating reliability of the nozzle, as well as reducing the losses of specific burst of power owing to excluding the gas leakage between panels.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to rocket technology and can be used to create nozzles of varying degrees of expansion (folding nozzles) in solid fuel engines.

The design of the folding (petal) nozzle deserves the attention of the developers, first of all, in that it allows to minimize the length of the nozzle in the transport position and thereby significantly reduce the length of the engine.

Known nozzle of variable expansion [Extremes (SEP: mastering the extremes), June 1996, No. 33, p.21], containing a stationary and folding part, made in the form of profiled panels (petals), pivotally connected to the stationary part, the mechanism of folding panels including guides, a drive and a power ring connected to the drive and folding the panels in the process of their movement along the axis of the nozzle until the nozzle socket is formed.

A significant disadvantage of the known design is as follows.

When folding the panels, their adjacent edges do not overlap, but only adjoin each other. In such a design, a high density of fit of the edges, providing the required tightness of the nozzle path, is almost impossible to achieve. During the operation of the engine, hot gases pass between the edges of the panels, leading to ablation of the edges and to additional losses of the specific impulse of the engine thrust (when the edges rise, these losses increase).

An object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a nozzle of variable degree of expansion containing a stationary part and a folding part made in the form of profiled panels (petals) pivotally connected to the stationary part, a panel folding mechanism including guides, a drive, and a power ring associated with the drive and folding panel in the process of its movement along the axis of the nozzle until the nozzle socket is formed, the guide for each panel is formed by an edge placed in the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the panel, with Making a it extended through slot. In this case, the power ring is passed through the grooves in the ribs. For each even panel, the grooves in the ribs are parallel to the surface of the panel, and for the odd panels, the grooves are profiled so that when the power ring moves to the nozzle exit, the longitudinal contacting edges of the odd panels overlap with the edges of the even panels, and the contacting edges of the panels are made of a L-shaped profile at the overlapping panels shelf up, and in overlapping - shelf down. The drive and the power ring can be combined in one element, made in the form of a gas generator with nozzle openings, for example a solid fuel engine.

The invention is illustrated by drawings (figure 1, 2, 3, 4). 1, the dashed line shows the nozzle in the folded (transport) position, the solid line shows the nozzle in the unfolded (working) position. Figure 2 shows a view A of figure 1. Figure 3 shows the leader B of figure 1. Figure 4 shows a callout In figure 2.

In the drawings are indicated:

1 - stationary part of the nozzle;

2 - folding part of the nozzle;

3 - even (upper) panels;

4 - odd (bottom) panels;

5 - power ring (solid-fuel torus engine);

6 - hinge;

7 - rib;

8 - groove in the edge of an even panel;

9 - groove in the edge of the odd panel;

10 - L-shaped edge of the odd (lower) panel;

11 - L-shaped edge of the even (upper) panel;

12 - tape seal;

13 - collet lock;

α ₁ - angle of rotation of the upper panel;

α ₂ - the angle of rotation of the bottom panel.

The design works as follows.

When the drive is activated, the power ring 5, moving in the grooves 8 and 9 of the ribs 7, acts on the panels 3 and 4. The odd panels 4 are pre-set at a smaller angle of movement α ₂ compared to even α ₁ . From the beginning of the movement, the odd panels 4 move in front of the even ones 3. The latter, due to the execution of 7 grooves 8 of a straight profile in their ribs, “catch” the odd ones in the folding process. In this case, the edges 10, 11, due to the L-shaped profile, joining, form a "labyrinth", and together with the tape seal 12 form a tight connection of the panels. At the end of the layout, the panels are fixed with a collet lock 13.

In the case of using a solid-fuel torus engine as a power ring, the process of folding the panels will proceed in a similar way.

Thus, the use of the invention will eliminate the flow of gas between the panels, the associated loss of specific impulse of thrust, increase the reliability of the nozzle.

Claims (2)

1. A nozzle of variable expansion ratio, comprising a stationary part and a folding part made in the form of profiled panels (petals) pivotally connected to the stationary part, a panel folding mechanism including guides, a drive and a power ring connected to the drive and folding panels during movement along the axis of the nozzle to the formation of the nozzle socket, characterized in that in it the guide for each panel is formed by an edge placed in the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the panel, with an elongated through groove, while the power ring is passed through the grooves in the ribs, for each even panel, the grooves in the ribs are parallel to the surface of the panel, and for odd panels, the grooves are profiled so that when the power ring moves to the nozzle exit, the longitudinal contacting edges of the odd panels overlap the edges of the even panels and the adjoining edges of the panels are made of a L-shaped profile - for overlapping panels with the shelf facing up, and in overlapping panels - with the shelf facing down. 2. A nozzle of variable expansion degree according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive and the power ring are combined in one element made in the form of a gas generator with nozzle openings, for example, a solid fuel engine.

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