RU2454770C1 - Automation system of feed lines and method of its operation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: automation system of feed lines includes the first domain containing the first slave station; the second domain with the second slave station; and tie switch located between the first and the second domains. The first slave station is done with the possibility of direct control by tie switch; the second slave station is performed with the possibility of tie switch control through the first slave station. When a failure occurs in the system the first slave station and the second slave station interact with one another for failure detection, failure isolation, failure removal, etc. without interaction with the main station.

EFFECT: improvement of failure removal efficiency and safety in networks with simplified configuration.

15 cl, 7 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the field of energy distribution technology and, in particular, to a method and system for implementing automation of supply lines in an electric distribution network.

State of the art

A feed line automation system (FA) is an important aspect of power distribution automation. The most commonly used architecture currently used for FA systems is the so-called centralized architecture. In an FA system with a centralized architecture, the main station, usually located at the central control center, is responsible for managing the entire system. The main station receives data and signals from slave stations, analyzes the data and signals to determine the operating status of the power grid and makes decisions on the control and operation schemes that must be performed, then generates command signals accordingly and transmits the generated command signals to the slave stations for implementation selected control and operation schemes. A slave station is usually provided for each substation and is located at the corresponding substation. The slave station is responsible for transmitting data, signals, and command signals between the master station and the supply line terminal units (FTUs) that communicate with the slave station. FTU is provided for each supply line. FTU includes connection switches, sectional switches, means for collecting information about the current and voltage of connected supply lines and about the states of connection switches and sectional switches, means for generating signals about current, voltage, load power and states of connection switches and sectional switches based on collected information and a means for transmitting signals to a slave station. After receiving a signal representing, for example, a malfunction, from the slave station, the master station controls the FTU through the slave station to perform a series of actions such as fault detection, fault location, and service recovery (FDIR).

In such a commonly used architecture, the main station plays an indispensable role in the system. All local operating signals, such as current, voltage, load power, and switch states, must be transmitted to the master station, and commands from the master station are transmitted to the FTU via slave stations so that the FTUs perform the corresponding operations. This imposes significant requirements on the bandwidth of data channels between the main station and slave stations, as well as between stations and the corresponding FTUs. In addition, in the event of a data link malfunction, said FDIR becomes unavailable. Another drawback of this strategy is the time delay due to data transfer, which can lead to an untimely response to malfunctions, which can seriously damage consumers.

To solve this problem, in Chinese patent publication CN 1835334 A entitled "Non-master station transmission and distribution network control method", by SHANGHAI SUNRISE-POWER AUTOMATION CO. A method for managing a transmission and distribution network without a main station is proposed. As you know, in the event of a malfunction in the supply line, a circuit breaker (CB) provided between the supply line and the corresponding substation immediately trips. To remedy a fault situation, the method comprises the following steps: (1) fault detection: the corresponding FTUs detect abnormal power levels and transmit fault information to all other FTUs on the same supply line; (2) fault location: based on the fault information, all FTUs on the supply line determine the location of the fault; (3) fault isolation: the FTU directly connected to the fault location opens its section switch and tells the FTU located after it to open its section switches; (4) transmit the switch opening report: the FTU associated with the fault location, and the FTUs located thereafter, transmit the status of the section switch to other FTUs after opening their respective section switches; (5) CB short circuit: turn on open CB; (6) restore power supply: restore power to nodes isolated from the fault location.

In the solution proposed in CN 1835334 A, the FTU that detects the fault transmits the fault information to all other FTUs along the supply line, the FTU associated with the fault transmits commands to all the FTUs located after it, and FTUs that open their section switches , report the status of their sectional switches to all other FTUs on the supply line. Therefore, the data transfer schedule between FTUs becomes quite voluminous, and high bandwidth requirements are set for data transfer channels between FTUs. In addition, to implement this method, each FTU must know the overall configuration of the supply line. Therefore, when the supply line node changes, it is necessary to perform a configuration change in each FTU, which is a difficult task, especially in the case of a supply line with a large number of FTUs.

In the publication CN 1147982 C of the Chinese patent "Method for implementing power distribution automation", the company QIANJIN ELECTRIC APPLIANCE IND, disclosed a method of implementing a power distribution system. In this method, the FTU monitors the operational status of the sectional switches and processes the fault locally, and transmits the data related to the processing to the network communication module. Communication modules in different nodes communicate with each other to interact with each other when processing faults in their respective domains.

In the solution proposed in CN 1147982 C, the FTU can only control the supply line that is connected only to this FTU, that is, the supply line, both ends of which are within the FTU domain. But when restoring a service after a malfunction, the FTU must be able to manage the power lines in other domains to minimize the impact of the malfunction on electricity consumers.

Accordingly, there is a need in the art to improve existing technologies in order to facilitate more efficient and reliable fault handling with a simplified configuration.

Disclosure of invention

In view of the above situation, in the prior art, the present invention was made to provide a solution by which the bandwidth requirement of data transmission channels will be reduced, the response to a malfunction becomes effective, the effect of the modification of the electric network on the automation system of the supply lines is limited in limited domains, and changing the configuration of the automation system of the supply lines after the modification of the electric network is simplified.

In one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for controlling a feed line automation system comprising a first domain comprising a first slave station; a second domain containing a second slave station; and a connection switch located between the first domain and the second domain; wherein the first slave station is configured to directly control the junction switch, and the second slave station is configured to control the junction switch through the first slave station.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connection switch is configured as a valid connection switch in a first slave station and as a virtual connection switch in a second slave station.

In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first slave station comprises a configuration of a first domain, and the first slave station comprises means for monitoring and managing the first domain. The second slave station contains the configuration of the second domain, and the second slave station contains means for monitoring and managing the second domain.

A feed line automation system in accordance with the present invention may also comprise a master station communicating with a first slave station and a second slave station. The first domain contains a terminal device that communicates with the first station, and the second domain contains a terminal device that communicates with the second slave station.

In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for controlling a feed line automation system described above, comprising the steps of detecting a fault in a first domain with a first slave station; using the first slave station, determine the location of the fault in the first domain; isolate, with the help of the first slave station, the place of failure in the first domain; and resume using the first slave station the power supply in the first domain.

In a preferred embodiment, the resumption of power in the first domain further comprises the steps of searching through the first subordinate station in the first domain for an available route to the connection node in which the power supply containing the connection switch is to be resumed; using the first station, transmit a request to the second slave station whether the route to the connection switch in the second domain is available; receive, using the first slave station, a response from the second slave station, indicating the availability of an accessible route to the junction switch in the second domain; using the first slave station, close the connection switch.

The response may contain information about the route capacity in the second domain, and before closing the connection switch, the method further comprises determining, using the first slave station, whether the route capacity in the second domain meets the requirements of the connection node.

In embodiments of the present invention, the first slave station regularly reports the status of the connection switch and the state of power supply to the power line in the first domain, which is connected through the connection switch to the second slave station, and the second slave station regularly reports the state of power supply to the power line in the second a domain connected to a junction switch of the first slave station.

In embodiments of the present invention, a first slave station receives information from a feed line terminal module in a first domain before a failure is detected; and the second slave station receives information from the terminal module of the feed line in the second domain.

The information received by the first slave station may contain current and voltage in the supply line and the state of the switch controlled by the terminal module of the supply line in the first domain, and the information received by the second slave station may contain current and voltage in the supply line and the state of the switch controlled by the terminal feed module in the second domain.

If a malfunction occurs in the second domain, the control method for the automation system of the supply lines comprises the steps of detecting a malfunction in the second domain using the second slave station; using the second slave station, determine the location of the fault in the second domain; isolate with the help of a second slave station a fault location in the second domain; and restore using the second slave station the power supply to the second domain.

In this case, restoring the power supply to the first domain may further comprise the steps of searching by the second slave station in the second domain for the available route to the connection node containing the connection switch in which the power supply is to be restored; using the second station, a request is sent to the first slave station if there is an available route to the specified connection switch on the first domain; using the second slave station, a response is received from the first slave station indicating the availability of an accessible route to the connection switch in the first domain; using the second slave station transmit the request for operation to the first slave station to close the connection switch; and using the second slave station, a message about the closure of the connection switch is received from the first slave station.

The response may contain information about the route capacity in the first domain, and the method may further comprise determining, before closing the connection switch, using the second slave station whether the route capacity in the first domain meets the requirements of the connection node.

Brief Description of the Drawings

1 is a diagram showing a general structure of a feed line automation system for implementing embodiments of the present invention;

2 is a diagram showing a concept of a plurality of intermediaries in accordance with the present invention;

figure 3 illustrates a different configuration of the same connection switch in different domains in the present invention;

figure 4 shows a specific data transfer between two slave stations in the process of restoration of service;

5-7 show an example of fault handling in a feed line automation system in accordance with the present invention.

In all the drawings, a black circle indicates a closed connection switch or a sectional switch, with an empty circle indicates an open connection switch or a sectional switch. A black rectangle indicates a closed NE, and a white rectangle indicates an open NE.

Preferred Embodiments

1 shows the general structure of a feed line automation system for implementing embodiments of the present invention. Such a feed line automation system is a network with 3 sources, including 3 domains: domain 1, domain 2 and domain 3. But, as is obvious to a person skilled in the art, this is only an example to illustrate the principle of the present invention, and the present invention not limited to this specific example.

Each domain includes a slave station (not shown). In the following description, the slave station of domain 1 is designated as slave station 1, the slave station of domain 2 is designated as slave station 1, and the slave station of domain 3 is designated as slave station 3. Each domain also includes intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) such as FTUs , DTU (Distribution Terminal Module) and TTU (Transformer Terminal Module), and basic equipment controlled by the IED, such as junction switches or section switches. In domain 1, power is supplied to the FA system from bus BB1 through a circuit breaker CBR1 provided in the input line. L1, L2 and L3 are three connection nodes to which electricity consumers are connected. Electricity consumers may be end-users or lower-level substations. A sectional switch is provided between two adjacent connection nodes. For example, a section switch Dis 1 is provided between the connection nodes L1 and L2, a section switch Dis 2 is provided between the connection nodes L2 and L3.

Similarly, in domain 2, power is supplied to the network from an electric bus BB2 through a circuit breaker CBR2. Connection nodes L4 and L5 and section switches Dis 3, Dis 4 belong to this domain. In domain 3, power is supplied to the network from an electric bus BB3 through a circuit breaker CBR3. Connection nodes L6, L7, L8 and L9 and section switches Dis 6, Dis 8 and Dis 9 belong to this domain.

In accordance with the relevant specifications, in a network powered by more than one power supply, each power supply supplies part of the subnet during normal operation, and each part supplied by the power supply is isolated from other parts by means of a connection switch. In Fig. 1, the parts fed by 3 power sources are isolated from each other by means of connection switches Dis 3, Dis 5 and Dis 7, respectively. Each of the Dis 3, Dis 5, and Dis 7 jumper switches serves as the boundary of the corresponding domain. During normal operation, the connection switches located at the boundary are open.

As shown in FIG. 1, each of the junction switches Dis 3, Dis 5 and Dis 7 located at the boundary belongs to more than one domain. Dis 3 belongs to domain 1 and domain 2, Dis 5 belongs to domain 1 and domain 3, and Dis 7 belongs to domain 2 and domain 3. This means that Dis 3 can be controlled by either slave 1 or slave 2. Dis 5 can be performed by either slave station 1 or slave station 3, and Dis 7 can be controlled by either slave station 2 or slave station 3.

To eliminate the malfunctioning of junction switches located at the boundary, the slave stations that control the same junction switch must interact with each other. In one embodiment of the present invention, the interconnecting switches located on the boundary are configured as real interconnecting switches in one domain, and in the other domain the interconnecting switches located on the border are configured as a virtual interconnecting switches. For example, Dis 3 can be implemented as a real connection switch in domain 1 and as a virtual connection switch in domain 2. Dis 5 can be performed as a real connection switch in domain 3 and as a virtual connection switch in domain 1. Dis 7 can be configured as a real connection switch in domain 2 and as a virtual connection switch in domain 3.

In Fig. 3, a real connection switch in a domain is indicated by a circle drawn in a solid line, while a virtual connection switch in a domain is indicated by a circle drawn in a dashed line. Dis 3 is a real domain 1 interconnect switch and a domain 2 virtual interconnect switch.

The slave station can directly control the real connection switch. But to control the virtual connection switch, it must send a request to the slave station in which this connection switch is real. For example, slave station 1 can control Dis 3 directly, since Dis 3 is a real interconnect switch for that slave station. If slave station 1 needs to perform Dis 5 control, it must send the control request to slave 3, and slave 3 will control Dis 5 in accordance with the request and other operating conditions since Dis 5 is a virtual interconnect switch for slave 1 and real junction switch for slave station 3.

The slave station reports the status of the junction switch located at the boundary, which is the real junction switch for it, in the slave station in which the junction switch is virtual. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the slave station 1 reports the status of the connection switch Dis 3 of the slave station 2, since Dis 3 is a real connection switch for the slave station 1 and a virtual connection switch for the slave station 2.

Using the architecture described above, the slave station performs certain control and operations independently, without the intervention of other slave stations or the main station. For example, in the event of a malfunction, the slave station can independently detect this malfunction, locate the malfunction, and isolate this malfunction. In order to restore the power supply stopped due to a malfunction, the slave station must exchange limited information with other slave stations, as will be described in more detail below.

As described above, in the present invention, various control and operations of the slave stations are performed without intervention from the master station. Therefore, slave stations play an important role in the system. Conceptually, each slave station acts as an agent of the master station to perform various functions of the master station.

Figure 2 shows a diagram representing the principle of multiple agents in accordance with the present invention. The FA system shown in FIG. 2 includes 3 levels, a master station level, a slave station level, and a terminal level. The master station performs general control in the FA system, manages the coordination between different slave stations and, for example, performs optimization calculations and sends commands to the slave stations to perform appropriate operations to achieve optimal operation of the entire system. Subordinate stations manage in their respective domains and interact with other subordinate stations in case of abnormal situations to provide reliable and high-quality services to consumers of electricity. Terminal level devices include FTU, TTU, and DTU. They monitor and control the corresponding primary equipment under the control of the respective subordinate stations, collect data and signals from the primary equipment that they exercise control over, and transmit the collected data and signals to the corresponding subordinate stations.

To interact with each other, the slave stations communicate with each other to exchange data and signals. The data and signals exchanged between the slave stations include the necessary signals to eliminate the malfunction, mainly about the state of the connecting switches located on the border and the states of power supply for the connected connection nodes. Figure 3 shows different configurations of the same connection switch in different domains.

As mentioned above, Dis 3 is a real connection switch for domain 1 and a virtual connection switch for domain 2. In this case, slave station 1 regularly receives the status of Dis 3 and reports the status of Dis 3 to slave station 2. Slave station 1 also regularly reports the power states of the node L3 of the connection of the slave station 2. Similarly, the slave station 2 regularly reports on the power states of the node L4 of the connection of the slave station 1.

In another embodiment, the data and signals exchanged between slave stations further include the bandwidth of their respective domains.

Hereinafter, the principle of the present invention is illustrated in more detail by the example of fault processing with reference to FIGS. 4-7.

Figure 5 shows the situation when in the electrical network shown in figure 1, a malfunction occurs due to the occurrence of an overcurrent in the connection node L8. In this case, the circuit breaker CBR3 will open, and the connection nodes L6, L7, L8 and L9 will cease to receive energy. Domain 1 and domain 2 will not be affected because they are isolated from the fault point by the Dis 5 and Dis 7 connection switches.

After a malfunction occurs, the slave station Dis 3 determines in accordance with the information from Dis 6, Dis 8 and Dis 9 that the malfunction has occurred in the connection node L8. This process is called fault detection.

After a fault is detected, the slave station 3 opens the connection switches Dis 6, Dis 8 and Dis 9 to isolate the connection node L8 in which the failure occurred. After isolating the fault, the CBR3 circuit breaker can be closed to resume power to the connection node L9. This is called internal recovery. Obviously, the connection nodes L6 and L7 cannot receive energy as a result of internal recovery. Figure 6 shows the state of the network at this point.

Since a fault did not occur in the connection nodes L6 and L7, the system attempts to restore power to these two nodes to minimize the impact of the failure on the entire system.

To resume power supply to the affected nodes, the slave station 3 first finds available routes, including connection switches, to these nodes in their own domain. Using L6 as an example, since Dis 5 → L6 is an available route for L6 that includes a Dis 5 connection switch, slave station 3 tries to turn on this route so that energy from BB1 can be supplied to L6. In the present description, an accessible route means a route through which electricity can be transmitted.

A specific data transfer between two slave stations in a service recovery process is shown in FIG. 4.

As shown in FIG. 4, if a malfunction occurs in a slave station (for example, in a slave station 3), it independently detects the malfunction and isolates it, as well as internal service recovery. After that, it will interact with other slave stations to resume the supply of energy to other affected nodes of the connection. Messages exchanged between the slave station and the opposite slave station include:

HasAvailableRoute Request

For example, slave station 3 first tries to find a route containing a connection switch in domain 3 to the affected connection node (L6, in this example). As shown in FIG. 6, there is a Dis → L6 route in domain 3 accessible to L6, and this route includes a Dis 5 connection switch. Then slave station 3 sends a request to slave station 1 to ask if the route is available to the affected node connections (L6 in this case) in domain 1, since the Dis 5 connection switch also belongs to domain 1.

Answer HasAvailableRoute

Upon receiving a HasAvailableRoute request, slave 1 searches for an available route to Dis 5 connector switch and responds using HasAvailableRoute response. Message - HasAvailableRoute's response is a binary variable. If the value of this variable is TRUE, it means that there is an available route in domain 1. If the value of this variable is FALSE, this means that there is no available route in domain 1.

As a result of the search, route BB1 → CBR1 → L1 → Dis 1 → -L2 → Dis 5 will be determined by slave station 1 as an available route for Dis 5. Then slave station 1 answers slave station 3, send the message “TRUE”.

In an embodiment, if slave station 1 finds an available Dis 5 route, it also calculates the throughput of that route and transmits throughput data along with the TRUE answer to slave 3.

Operation Request

If slave station 3 receives a TRUE response and bandwidth data from slave station 1, it determines whether domain 1 bandwidth meets the L6 load requirements. If yes, the slave 3 performs the closure operation of Dis 5, since Dis 5 is the real connecting switch of domain 3 and is under the direct control of the slave station 3. If Dis 5 is the virtual connecting switch of domain 3, the slave 3 sends the request to perform operations of slave station 1, in which it asks slave station 1 to close Dis 5. If the throughput of domain 1 does not meet the requirements of L6 load, slave station 3 will try to rosit another slave station, for example slave station 2, to provide power supply for the L6, L6, or simply leaves without energy supply while waiting for corrective action.

Response to an operation request

After receiving a request for a closure operation of a real Dis 5 connection switch, the slave station 1 performs a Dis 5 closure operation and reports the result of the operation of the slave station 3.

The renewal process of the connection node L7 is similar to the renewal process of the L6 service, as described above, and the details thereof will not be described again.

7 shows a state in which a fault is isolated and service is resumed for connection nodes without a fault. As shown in Fig. 7, power is supplied to L6 from BB1 via a Dis 5 connection switch, and to L7 from BB2 through a Dis 7 connection switch.

From the above description it should be understood that the slave stations independently act as agents of the main station and interact with each other to perform the FDIR function without communication with the main station. Accordingly, a malfunction in the data transmission channel from the master station to the slave stations will not affect the performance of the FDIR functions. In addition, since each subordinate station contains only the configurations of its own domain, after a change in the domain occurs, only the subordinate station of this particular domain must be reconfigured.

The principle of the present invention was presented on the example of specific embodiments with reference to the drawings, although those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (15)

1. The automation system of the supply lines, containing:
a first domain containing a first slave station;
a second domain containing a second slave station; and
a connection switch located between the first domain and the second domain;
wherein the first slave station is configured to directly control the connection switch, and the second slave station is configured to control the connection switch through the first slave station. 2. The automation system of the supply lines according to claim 1, in which the connecting switch is made as a real connecting switch in the first slave station and as a virtual connecting switch in the second slave station. 3. The automation system of the supply lines according to claim 1, in which the first slave station forms the configuration of the first domain, and the second slave station forms the configuration of the second domain. 4. The automation system of the supply lines according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the first slave station contains means for monitoring and managing the first domain, and the second slave station contains means for monitoring and managing the second domain. 5. The automation system of the supply lines according to claim 4, further comprising a main station connected to the first slave station and the second slave station. 6. The automation system of the supply lines according to claim 4, in which the first domain contains a terminal device connected to the first slave station, and the second domain contains a terminal device connected to the second slave station. 7. A method for controlling a feed line automation system comprising: a first domain comprising a first slave station; a second domain containing a second slave station; and a junction switch located between the first domain and the second domain, wherein the first slave station is configured to directly control the junction switch, and the second slave station is configured to control the junction switch through the first slave station;
containing stages in which:
detect using the first slave station a malfunction in the first domain;
using the first slave station determine the location of the fault in the first domain;
isolate, with the first slave station, the location of the fault in the first domain; and
restore using the first slave station the power supply to the first domain. 8. The method according to claim 7, in which at the stage of restoring the power supply to the first domain, additionally:
using the first slave station, a search is made in the first domain for an available route to the connection node to which the power supply containing the specified connection switch should be restored;
using the first slave station transmit a request to the second slave station about the availability in the second domain of an available route to the specified connection switch;
receive, using the first slave station, a response from the second slave station indicating the availability in the second domain of an available route to the specified connection switch;
by means of the first slave station, the indicated connecting switch is closed. 9. The method according to claim 8, in which the response contains information about the throughput of the route in the second domain, the method further comprising the step of determining before the closure of the connection switch using the first slave station whether the throughput of the route in the second domain meets the requirements the specified connection node. 10. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, in which the first slave station regularly informs the second slave station about the status of the connection switch and the state of energy supply to the power line in the first domain connected to the connection switch, and the second slave station regularly reports to the first slave station about the state of energy supply to the supply line in the second domain, connected to the connection switch. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising stages in which:
before fault detection
using the first slave station, receive information from the terminal module of the supply line in the first domain; and
using the second slave station, information is received from the terminal module of the supply line in the second domain. 12. The method according to claim 11, in which the information received by the first slave station contains current and voltage in the supply line and the state of the switch, which is controlled by the terminal module of the supply line in the first domain, and the information received by the second slave station contains current and the voltage in the supply line and the state of the switch, which is controlled by the terminal module of the supply line in the second domain. 13. A method of controlling a feed line automation system comprising: a first domain comprising a first slave station; a second domain containing a second slave station; and a connection switch located between the first domain and the second domain, wherein the first slave station is configured to directly control the connection switch, and the second slave station is configured to control the connection switch through the first slave station,
containing stages in which:
detect using the second slave station a malfunction in the second domain;
using the second slave station determine the location of the fault in the second domain;
isolate, with a second slave station, the location of the fault in the second domain; and
using the second slave station, the power supply to the second domain is restored. 14. The method according to item 13, in which at the stage of restoration of power supply to the second domain, additionally:
using the second slave station, search in the second domain for an available route to the connection node to which the power supply containing the specified connection switch is to be restored;
using the second slave station, transmit a request to the first slave station about the availability of an accessible route to the specified connection switch in the first domain;
receive, using the second slave station, a response from the first slave station indicating the availability in the first domain of an accessible route to the specified connection switch;
transmit, using the second slave station, a control request to the first slave station to close said interconnect switch; and
receive from the first slave station using the second slave station a message about the closure of the connecting switch. 15. The method according to 14, in which the response contains information about the throughput of the route in the first domain, the method further comprises the step of determining before using the second slave station to transmit the control request to the first slave station, whether the route capacity in the first domain meets the requirements of the specified connection node.

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