RU2452000C1 - Method of using survey information based on digital field maps - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information technology.

SUBSTANCE: method of using survey information based on digital field maps involves transmitting navigation instructions to a vehicle fitted with an on-board computer with a display which displays the map, creating a digital field map, determining the recommended optimum route, displaying on the screen of the user display that route on said digital field map and displaying the position of the vehicle; the on-board computer of the vehicle operates using the Integratsia geographic information system, based on which digital field maps are created and edited, the database of which has a hierarchical structure, the lower level of which stores information on specific objects of the map, which are further merged into groups, layers and map sheets determining the operations area; the description of a specific object consists of metric data - coordinates on the field, semantic data - properties of the object, text reference data, illustrated graphic data.

EFFECT: high accuracy during detailed display of digital field maps owing to use of topographic precise positioning.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of navigation and topographic referencing, in particular to methods for presenting and using digital topographic and geodetic information, and is intended to determine navigational and topographic and geodetic parameters for ground moving objects.

A known method of determining the optimal route of movement of the vehicle (see patent No. 2377658 C1, G08G 1/0969, G01C 21/34, publ. 12/27/2009), adopted as a prototype. The invention relates to the field of traffic control of vehicles, including the transmission of navigation commands to a vehicle with a display that displays a map. According to this method, a model high-speed electronic map of the settlement’s road network is formed, which reflects the average speed regime of movement on each road, which is entered into the computer memory of the central station. On the indicated map of the road network of a settlement, a road graph is created, which includes segments of lines enclosed between the nodes of the graph, corrects the data of the road graph based on information about the changed traffic signs. From the computers of the vehicles of the users, the current values of their own average speeds are transmitted to the computer of the central station via a radio communication channel. The recommended optimal route is determined taking into account the updated parameters of the electronic speed map of the settlement’s road network, received by the subscriber from the central station with the possibility of visualizing these routes on the user’s display screen on the indicated map and displaying the vehicle’s position.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- low accuracy of display and determination of topographic and geodetic information;

- the lack of the ability to automatically route along specified points, selected taking into account the topography, weather conditions, time of year and day;

- low level of the graphic image of digital terrain maps (MSC);

- the lack of the ability to change the scale of the CCM;

- low level of automation when using CCM;

- low functionality when using CCM;

- lack of ability to implement service tasks using CCM.

The proposed invention solves the problem of increasing the efficiency of topographic and geodetic support of the ground forces.

The technical result obtained by the implementation of the invention consists in the formation of a method for using topographic and geodetic information on the basis of digital terrain maps (CCMs), which defines the algorithm for using CCMs in a mobile navigation and topographic location complex and allows for detailed study and assessment of the terrain, laying the route, automated calculations when planning activities for the engineering equipment of the terrain and topographic shooting training.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the proposed method of using topographic and geodetic information based on digital terrain maps (CCM), which includes transmitting navigation commands to a vehicle equipped with an on-board computer with a display that displays a map, forming a CCM, determining the recommended optimal route of movement, visualization on the screen display of the user of this route on the indicated MSC and display of the position of the vehicle, new is that the on-board computer tr the import means operates using the Geographic Information System "Integration", on the basis of which the creation and editing of CMCs is carried out, the database of which has a hierarchical structure, at the lower level of which information about individual map objects is stored, which are further combined into groups, layers and map sheets that define work area, description of an individual object consists of metric data - coordinates on the ground, semantic data - object properties, text reference data, illustrative graphic their data, the method of using the MSC is determined by the composition of the functions implemented by the software: loading and maintaining the database, solving calculation problems, the route display mode, logging information, as well as the technical characteristics of the on-board computer, to perform the above operations, the combined format of the MSC is used, in which the operations until the formation of the area of work, inclusively, they are carried out in vector format, and the rest in raster format.

The functioning of the hardware-software complex of the vehicle using the GIS "Integration" geographic information system, on the basis of which the creation and editing of CCM is carried out, allows:

- ensure the creation and use of the hierarchical structure of the CMC database, which has the following levels: work area, map sheets, feature layer, individual terrain features;

- provide editing the content of the MSC database using the graphical user interface: creating a new level, updating, deleting, copying and restoring map objects;

- to provide visualization of the contents of the database in conventional signs adopted for topographic, geographic, cadastral and other types of maps;

- provide support for standard classification systems, coding of objects and their characteristics in accordance with the requirements of Roskartography, the Topographic Service of the RF Armed Forces and other federal services;

- provide support for custom symbols, layers, objects and their characteristics;

- carry out settlement operations: determining the area, perimeter length, building clipping zones, maintaining statistics on the characteristics of objects.

The hierarchical structure of the MSC base, at the lower level of which information is stored on individual map objects, which are further combined into groups, layers and map sheets that determine the area of work, allows you to:

- provide a high-performance data indexing algorithm;

- ensure the maximum speed of search and display of map objects on standard technical means;

- to ensure the display as a whole of several sheets of maps in digital form, having the same scale and placed in the same database, and to determine the real area of work of the mobile navigation and topographic location complex.

The inclusion of metric data (coordinates on the ground), semantic data (object properties), text reference data and illustrative graphic data in the description of an individual object allows:

- digitally present a set of data that a real object on the ground (bridge, river, building, etc.) or a group of objects (a quarter - a group of houses, etc.) or a part of an object (with a complex description of the metric of an object) can correspond to it can be divided into two objects or the object can be described in detail - the porch of the building, separate buildings, etc.);

- to further combine individual objects by layers, the nature of localization and signs set by the user.

Determining the methodology for using the MSC with the composition of the functions implemented by the software: loading and maintaining a database, solving design problems, displaying a route, logging information, as well as the technical characteristics of the on-board computer, allows you to:

- view installed CCMs, changing the scale of the map if necessary;

- download the MSC from an external medium;

- carry out the determination of the location (coordinates and height) of the mobile navigation and topographic location complex on the CCM and the choice of the route of movement;

- display saved route files, edit the selected route, record or delete it.

Using the combined format of the MSC to perform the above operations, in which operations until the formation of the work area are inclusively carried out in vector format, and the rest in raster format, allows:

- use an on-board computer with lower system requirements;

- to ensure sufficient accuracy of the presentation of information, combined with the flexibility and variety of service functions.

Technical solutions with features distinguishing the claimed solution from the prototype are not known and do not follow explicitly from the prior art. This suggests that the claimed solution is new and has an inventive step.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a diagram of a database of electronic cards; in Fig.2 - menu for selecting tasks of the WORK WITH MSC mode; in Fig.3 - menu for selecting installed MSC sheets, in Fig.4 - viewing window for MSC, in Fig.5 - menu for selecting a task LAYING ROUTE, in Fig.6 - working BROWSE / EDIT / DELETE ROUTE task window.

CCM is the most convenient means of presenting digital topographic and geodetic information. The use of CCM allows in a much shorter time, compared with the use of conventional maps, to assess the terrain and situation, to analyze the patency of the route, make better use of the available information, automate the performance of typical tasks.

CCM is a visualization tool using hardware and software in the adopted system of conventional signs designed to display and analyze the terrain, as well as solving problems using additional information.

Depending on the type of source cartographic materials used to create the MSC, they are divided into three main types: electronic topographic maps, electronic geographic maps, electronic city plans.

A digital cartographic model is created on the basis of the corresponding scale of traditional maps on computer-based information carriers in the projection, layout, coordinate systems and heights adopted, conventional signs and colors.

MSCs are divided into raster and vector, depending on the form of data presentation. Under the vector (linear) form of representation is meant a method of storing cartographic information in the form of vectors of arbitrary length and orientation. Under the raster form of presentation refers to a method of storing digital cartographic information in the form of a matrix, the elements of which are the color codes of the points of the cartographic image.

CCM scales of 1: 25000, 1: 50000, 1: 100000 are designed for detailed study and assessment of the terrain, target designation, measurements and calculations during the development and conduct of operations.

TsKM scales of 1: 200000, 1: 500000 are used to study the terrain when planning combat operations of troops and measures to ensure them, assess patency, protective and camouflage properties of the terrain, perform calculations when organizing and completing marches in the initial region, for landing and raids in the rear the enemy.

The use of CCM allows you to:

- reliably, with accuracy and completeness, corresponding to the accuracy and completeness of a topographic map of a given scale, display the current state of the terrain, its typical features and characteristic features;

- establish a single coordinate system and heights, projection and a unified system of conventional signs;

- clearly and readably present cartographic information, clearly identify available landmarks;

- to ensure, with an appropriate scale of accuracy, the ability to determine rectangular (geographical) coordinates, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of terrain objects;

- implement the load, the system of conventional signs and colorful design, allowing officials to apply the data of the operational situation;

- assess the situation, make decisions, set tasks, organize interaction, study the military-geographical features of the area and determine its tactical properties (conditions for observation, camouflage, patency, etc.).

The method of using the CCM used in the mobile navigation and topographic location complex is determined by the composition of the functions implemented by the software, as well as the technical characteristics and operating features of the on-board computer. The main functions of the software that determine how to use the MSC are: loading and maintaining a database, solving design problems, displaying a route, logging information.

According to its contents, the database with which the software is operated includes a cartographic database that contains information about the area corresponding to the traditional topographic map, a database of the operational situation, which is applied by officials of the governing bodies, and an operational database containing information about the real the route of movement and the relative position of the elements of the combat order received from navigation systems, as well as data from meteorological instruments.

The procedures for loading and maintaining such a database system include:

- loading of CCM inventory lists from the medium on which they are delivered to the archived cartographic database;

- “gluing together” of adjacent stock lists (forming a work area) and placing the generated data sets into a working cartographic database;

- loading into the database stored on the media, data on the operational situation.

To perform the above operations, the most suitable vector format for the presentation of the MSC. It provides maximum accuracy in combination with flexibility and a variety of service functions. However, the high demands on the resources of the on-board computer do not allow it to be used directly during the performance of a combat mission. Therefore, a combined version is used when operations up to the formation of the work area are inclusively carried out in vector format, and the rest are in the raster format for the MSC representation combining sufficient functionality with minimal system requirements.

The on-board computer of the mobile navigation and topographic location system operates using the Integration geographic information system. GIS "Integration" is designed to create and edit CCM, as well as to solve typical applied problems.

GIS "Integration" allows you to create vector, raster and matrix maps, as well as quickly update various information about the area.

The database of MSC maps has a hierarchical structure. At the lower level, information about individual map objects is stored. Objects can be combined into groups, layers and map sheets. The collection of sheets of maps of the same scale and type makes up the area of work - a separate database of the MSC. The description of an individual object consists of metric data - terrain coordinates, semantic data - object properties, text reference data, illustrative graphic data and other data, including a unique object number through which logical communication with external databases is performed.

The volume of a separate MSC database is several terabytes (TB). The database is updated in the transaction execution mode, which provides recovery from failures and rollback to any number of steps back. The control system supports a high-performance data indexing algorithm, which ensures maximum speed of searching and displaying map objects on standard technical means.

GIS "Integration" software has a modular multi-tasking structure. All modules are called from a common control shell. The composition of the software includes: the control system of the MSC, the control shell, service modules. The control shell is responsible for the user interface (work with the operator). The CCM control system is implemented as a dynamic library (DLL), which performs the functions of a specialized CCM database management system. Service modules (converters, vector and bitmap editor, output to external devices, calculation and static analysis module, module for interacting with external databases and others) are implemented as dynamic libraries (DLLs).

GIS CCM allows you to process the following types of digital cartographic data: vector maps, raster images of the area (raster maps), matrix data about the area. Different types of digital data can be processed together or separately. Digital data can be converted into different formats, converted from one type to another, displayed on graphic displays, edited, transformed, etc.

Data on digital vector maps has the following structure:

- passport data on the map sheet (scale, projection, coordinate system, rectangular and geodetic coordinates of the corners of the sheet, etc .;

- metric data of objects (coordinates of objects on the ground);

- semantic data of map objects (various properties of objects).

The object of the MSC card is a set of digital data, which can correspond to a real object on the ground. Separate objects of a vector map can logically be combined according to layers, the nature of localization, and features set by the user. In this case, a hierarchical structure of data presentation is formed, which is used to solve various applied problems. Information about the location of the object in the hierarchical structure is the reference data of the map object.

As a rule, cartographic material for various types and scales of maps has corresponding systems for dividing into nomenclature sheets. A single sheet corresponds to a specific area of the earth's surface. To work with several sheets of paper cards, they must be glued or connected in another way. This process is effectively implemented in the GIS "Integration". If there are several sheets of maps in digital form, having the same scale, projection, coordinate system, then they can be displayed as a whole. However, they remain physically independent digital data files on the storage medium.

The set of individual MSC sheets placed in one database, displayed and processed together, constitutes the area of work. One passport file is created for the entire area of work.

Information about the encoding system of objects and their characteristics are stored in a resource file (digital classifier of the work area). Due to the fact that each sheet of the work area is physically separated from the rest of the work area, it can be independently updated, displayed, edited and transferred from one user to another without affecting the entire work area.

The structure of vector maps allows you to store not only a digital description of real terrain objects, but also user application data that changes rapidly over time. For example, weather data, information on the movement of vehicles, data on radio visibility conditions, etc.

To work with the CCM in the on-board computer of the mobile navigation and topographic location complex, a special mode “WORK WITH CCM” is provided, which is one of the main ones. The on-board computer operating modes are controlled by the operator using the keyboard.

When you select the “WORK WITH MSC” mode, the task selection menu is displayed: VIEW MSC, DOWNLOAD MSC, LAYING THE ROUTE, VIEW / DELETE / EDIT THE ROUTE.

The task of VIEWING the MSC is designed to view the installed MCC, for which the desired map sheet is selected for viewing and, if necessary, the scale is changed.

The DOWNLOAD task of the MSC is designed to download the MSC from external devices.

The ROUTE LAYING task is intended to determine the location (coordinates and altitude) of an object using the MSC and select a route of movement. When you select the sub-task SELECTION BY CURRENT COORDINATES, a map sheet is displayed that corresponds to the current coordinates. When you select the subtask SELECT BY INPUT COORDINATES, the coordinates are entered by the operator. When you select the subtask SELECT FROM THE LIST, the selected MSC sheet is displayed.

When you select the VIEW / EDIT / DELETE ROUTE task, a list of saved route files is displayed. The name of the route is presented in the format "Route N HH.MM DD.MM.YYYY", where N is the serial number of the saved route; "HH", "MM" - fields for displaying hours, minutes of recording; "DD", "MM", "YYYY" - display fields of the day, month, year of recording.

Thus, in the present invention, the problem is solved to achieve a technical result, consisting in the formation of a method for using topographic and geodetic information based on digital terrain maps (CCM), which defines the algorithm for using CCM in a mobile navigation and topographic location complex and allows for detailed study and assessment of the terrain, laying route, automated calculations when planning events for engineering equipment of the terrain and topographic preparation of firing .

Claims (1)

A method of using topographic and geodetic information based on digital terrain maps (MSC), including transmitting navigation commands to a vehicle equipped with an on-board computer with a display that displays a map, forming a MSC, determining the recommended optimal route of movement, visualizing this route on the user's display screen on the indicated MSC and displaying position of the vehicle, characterized in that the on-board computer of the vehicle operates using geographic information th system (GIS) "Integration", on the basis of which the creation and editing of MSCs is carried out, the database of which has a hierarchical structure, at the lower level of which information about individual map objects is stored, which are further combined into groups, layers and map sheets that determine the area of work , the description of an individual object consists of metric data - coordinates on the ground, semantic data - properties of the object, text reference data, illustrative graphic data, the methodology for using the MSC is determined by the composition of real functions that can be used by software: loading and maintaining a database, solving calculation problems, route display mode, information logging, as well as the technical characteristics of the on-board computer, to perform the above operations, the combined format of the MSC is used, in which operations until the formation of the work area are inclusively performed in vector format, and the rest in raster format.

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