RU2451235C2 - Ohmic screening pulsating current sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: sensor is designed to confine an emergency situation related to damage of any technological vessel of transport networks of fluid products. The sensor, in which a sensitive element is an insulated conductive material arranged in the form of a screening shell - placed in a labyrinth form along the surface of the controlled vessel, which represents a wire line for transmission of a control current from a terminal device - a semiconductor diode to a unit to control switching equipment of an electromagnet self-closing valve and an emergency decompressor (a device for fluid product pumping), the cross section of each strand in a screening shell is calculated using the formula.

EFFECT: reliability improvement.

3 dwg

Description

The device relates to instrumentation and automation, can be used as a sensor for monitoring the integrity of the shells of vessels of transport networks of fluid products (for example, pipelines, transportation of hydrocarbons or its products).

There is a known intrinsically safe electrical control circuit for a mine power switching apparatus (an explosion-proof starter - for example, PMVI, PVI series, or an explosion-proof control station series SUV, SUVK, SUVL, etc. [1, p.227-232]), which protects with its functional execution (forming in normal operation mode a pulsating half-wave rectification current) the switching device controlled by it from false triggering when the control circuit conductors are damaged.

The specified device is not intended to control the integrity of the shells of vessels of transport networks of fluid products.

Known shielding of mine cables [1, p. 269], designed to control current leakage to the "ground" in case of damage to the cable insulation.

The specified device is not intended to control the integrity of the shells of vessels of transport networks of fluid products, cannot (in its design) serve as a part of the direct control circuit of the power switching apparatus of the executive body for eliminating leakages of fluid products.

A known sensor (detector) ohmic security alarm - a device that generates signals notifications about the state of the protected object by a change in electrical conductivity during mechanical destruction of the surface controlled by the detector [2, p.24-28] - prototype.

The specified device is not intended to control the integrity of the shells of vessels of transport networks of fluid products, is not adapted to explosion-proof power switching devices.

The known electromagnet [5, p. 578].

The specified device is not intended to control the flow of a fluid product.

A known valve is a device that controls the flow of a fluid product (liquid, gas) by changing the flow area when moving the shutter [5, p.212] - prototype.

The specified device is intended for mechanical control of the flow of a fluid product.

A known reservoir for separating impurities from liquids by sedimentation is a sump [5, p.339].

The specified device is not intended to quickly release a damaged vessel from a fluid product containing impurities as a result of damage.

A known vacuum pump [5, p. 68] is a device for removing fluid contents (gases, vapors) from a vessel.

The specified device is not intended to quickly release a damaged vessel from a fluid product containing impurities as a result of damage.

The purpose of the claimed object is a device for continuous monitoring of the mechanical operation mode (integrity of the shells) of vessels for transport networks of fluid products (including fire and explosion hazard), signaling a violation of the norm of this mode and adapted in its electrical parameters to typical explosion-proof power switching devices, designed (according to its design) to serve as a part of the direct control circuit of the power switching apparatus of the executive body of the liquid leakage of fluid products.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the sensitive element (SE) of the sensor is a conductive material in the form of a multicore (two or more) shielding sheath - placed in a labyrinth form (for example, in the form of multilayer (two or more) tape spirals of the opposite twist, electrically isolated from each other friend, from the vessel membrane and from the external environment) along the controlled surface of the vessel membrane, overlapping it as much as possible. The cross section of each core of the shielding is calculated by the formula (from [3, p. 8, 16] electric formulas, Ohm's law for the circuit section):

Where:

S is the cross section of the core;

P is the electrical resistivity of the core;

I is the rated current of the control circuit of the switching apparatus;

l is the length of the core;

U is the operating voltage of the control circuit of the switching device.

The specified surface coating of the monitored vessel (conductive labyrinths) is connected in a sequential intrinsically safe electrical circuit CHE 1 (Fig. 1) with a semiconductor diode 2 (control element for open and short circuit) - the control circuit of the switching device (an analog of the above type for the execution of the electrical control circuit [4, p. 328, 331, 343, 418-422]) of an executive body for supplying a fluid product to a vessel (electromagnetic valve) and an executive body for emptying (emergency decompressor) of a damaged vessel.

Figure 1 shows:

1 - Conductors of a sensing element that responds to open and short circuit;

2 - Terminal device control circuit control;

3 - Control unit switching equipment.

The principle of operation of the device (Fig. 1): conductors CE 1 of the device form a wire line for transmitting control current from the terminal device 2 (an analogue of the terminal device of the mine switchgear control station - a semiconductor diode) to the control unit (BU) 3 of the switching equipment of the electromagnetic self-locking and emergency valve decompressor. When the vessel shell is intact (and, accordingly, the conductors of CE 1 are not short-circuited between each other - the “normal” mode), the circuit of the conductors of CE 1 allows the pulsating control current of the switching equipment to flow through them - a half-period rectified (diode 2) rectified current that causes the control unit to operate 3 switching apparatus, leading to a working (open) state, the actuator of the electromagnetic self-locking valve and inoperative (standby) state of the emergency decompressor. In case of damage to the vessel shell (and, consequently, damage - breakage, or short circuit between the conductors of SE 1 - the “violation” mode, similar to the operation of the prototype), the chains of conductors of the SE do not allow a pulsating (half-periodically rectified) control current to flow through them - current either absent (with an open circuit) or non-rectified flows (with a short circuit of the control circuit conductors, bypassing the diode, which rectifies the control current).

This device can be used to control the integrity of both pipelines for transporting oil and gas (including underwater pipelines laid along the seabed), and to monitor the integrity of other vessels, for example, pipelines of water and heat supply networks, tanks, etc. Together with an electromagnetic self-locking and emergency decompressor valve (driven by switching equipment of the above type controlled by this device), it provides a reliable technical means of safety against accidents and emergencies in any piping network systems.

2. VALVE ELECTROMAGNETIC SELF-LOCKING LIQUIDATION OF LEAKS IN TRANSPORT NETWORKS OF FLUID PRODUCTS.

The device relates to instrumentation and automation, can be used as an actuator for the quick localization of accidents associated with damage to the integrity of the shells of vessels of transport networks of fluid products (for example, pipelines, transportation of hydrocarbons or its products).

The purpose of the claimed object is a device for protective (emergency) electromechanical control of the flow of a fluid product - instantaneous (fraction of a second) automatic closing of product access to a damaged vessel (pipe section).

This goal is achieved by the fact that the device (Fig. 2) consists of a valve 4, pressed against the seat 5 by a return spring 6, and an electromagnet 7, designed to open the valve 4 when the operating voltage is applied to the electromagnet 7 (switched on by the switching equipment when CE 1 is activated) .

Figure 2 shows:

4 - valve;

5 - Saddle;

6 - Spring return;

7 - Electromagnet.

3. EMERGENCY DECOMPRESSOR OF LIQUIDATION FOR LEAKAGE IN TRANSPORT NETWORKS OF FLUID PRODUCTS.

The device relates to instrumentation and automation, can be used as an actuator for the quick localization of accidents associated with damage to the integrity of the shells of vessels of transport networks of fluid products (for example, pipelines, transportation of hydrocarbons or its products).

The purpose of the claimed object is a device for the quick release (emptying) of a damaged vessel from a fluid product containing impurities as a result of damage.

Claims (1)

Ohmic sensor, characterized in that the sensitive element of the sensor is an insulated conductive material made in the form of a shielding sheath, placed in a labyrinth form on the surface of the controlled vessel, which is a wire line for transmitting control current from the terminal device - a semiconductor diode to the control unit of the switching equipment of the electromagnetic valve self-locking and emergency decompressor (fluid product pumping device), the cross section of each core the casing shell is calculated by the formula
S> ρ · I · l / U,
where S is the cross section of the core;
ρ is the electrical resistivity of the core;
I is the rated current of the control circuit of the switching apparatus;
l is the length of the core;
U is the operating voltage of the control circuit of the switching device.

Images