RU2449530C1 - Transporting system of cabbage harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machinery industry, in particular to cabbage harvesters. The transporting of a cabbage harvester has a loading elevator (2), a fan (3) which is located under the loading rod elevator (2) with the output nozzle preferably upstream. On the curve rods (7) of the elevator (2) the rollers (8) are set with the ability to rotate in interaction with the guides (9) and with each other in the process of moving of its traction units (5).

EFFECT: invention enhances the completeness of separation of free leaves of cabbage from the tradable heads.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely to machines for harvesting cabbage.

Known conveyor system cabbage harvesting machine [1], containing the feed conveyor, drum, fan, inclined conveyor and discharge conveyor.

The disadvantage of this system is that in it cabbages are blown in free flight, while having a significant fall rate on inclined and discharge conveyors. As a result of the impact, when these conveyors fall onto the canvases, the cabbages are badly damaged.

In addition, this conveying system is a complex structure in the processing line of the machine.

These disadvantages are eliminated in the transporting system [2] of the cabbage harvester, made in the form of a loading scraper elevator with a rectangular opening of the bottom of the gutter, over which a fan is located, creating a stream of air mainly in the direction of flow of the heap of cabbage.

In it, the heads in the process of blowing with an air stream are located on the elevator, therefore impacts from falling are excluded, therefore, the damage to the heads is minimized. However, this does not completely separate the heads of cabbage from the free leaves of cabbage, since some leaves of cabbage are pressed by the air flow to the surface of the heads (due to the action of an air stream from above) and pass along with them into the vehicle body.

In addition, the effectiveness of the action of the air stream on the leaves of cabbage in this case is somewhat underestimated, since the directions of the air stream and the flow of heap of cabbage mainly coincide (directed at an acute angle). In addition, the range of the air stream is limited only by the contour of one hole.

The claimed invention is aimed at increasing the completeness of separation of free leaves of cabbage from head of cabbage.

To solve this designated problem, in the conveying system of the cabbage harvesting machine, the fan is located under the bar elevator with an outlet nozzle predominantly upstream, on the curved bars of the elevator there are rollers with the ability to rotate on them when interacting with the rails and with each other. To do this, the ends of the rollers are equipped with cams that allow them to engage and mechanically interact with each other, compensating for distortions during rotation.

The location of the fan under the bar elevator allows to improve the conditions for separating free leaves from the heads of cabbage, as in this case the force of the air stream tears them away from the surface of the heads. Otherwise, when placing the fan over the elevator (as in the prototype), the cabbage leaves would be pressed by an air stream to the surface of the heads and would pass along with them into the vehicle body.

In addition, the direction of the fan nozzle towards the flow of heap of cabbage increases the effect of the air stream due to an increase in its relative speed with respect to free leaves and cabbages.

Placing the rotating rollers on the rods allows you to turn the heads in the process of transporting them to the elevator, thereby freeing them from the free leaves hanging and below them. This contributes to a more complete separation of the free leaves of cabbage from the heads of cabbage.

The supply of the ends of the rollers with cams allows the rotation to be transmitted to each other, eliminating jamming due to distortions during rotation on the rods. As a result, heads of cabbage turn better during transportation at the elevator, therefore, they are blown from all sides, creating better conditions for the separation of free leaves.

Figure 1 shows the transporting system of a cabbage harvester, rear view; figure 2 is a transverse section aa of the elevator of the conveying system.

The conveyor system of the cabbage harvesting machine includes a feed conveyor 1, a loading elevator 2 and a fan 3. An adapter 4 is installed between the feed conveyor 1 and the elevator 2.

The elevator 2 consists of traction circuits 5, for example, sleeve-roller chains with special paws. The traction contours 5 are interconnected by scrapers 6 and transverse curved rods 7 (Fig. 2), on which the rollers 8 are mounted with the ability to rotate when interacting with the guides 9. The ends of the rollers 8 are equipped with cams 10, allowing mechanically interact with each other and receive rotation from each other friend.

The transporting system of the cabbage harvester operates as follows.

When the cabbage harvester moves along a row of cabbage, cabbages and loose cabbage leaves come to the feeding conveyor 1. Next, heads of cabbage and loose leaves enter the bar elevator 2 through adapter 4. Here, the flow is blown by a stream of air coming from fan 3. Since the air stream comes from below, the free leaves of cabbage are easily separated from the heads of cabbage and deflated from the elevator canvas 2 to the ground. In the process of moving the traction circuits 5 of the elevator, the rollers 8 on the rods 7 rotate due to the interaction with the guides 9. At the same time, the cabbages lying on the rollers 8 rotate around their axes, and the free leaves located on them and under them also easily separate and blown away by air to the ground. Thus, the separation of free leaves from heads of cabbage is fully ensured.

In this case, blowing from below, turning the heads on the rollers 8, the opposite direction of the air stream activate the working process of separating free leaves of cabbage from the heads. The presence of cams 10 at the ends of the rollers allows rotation of the rollers 8 to be obtained from each other, compensating for distortions and providing an effective effect on the heads.

The proposed transport system of the cabbage harvesting machine is characterized by increased efficiency of separating free leaves from the head of cabbage, excludes impacts, therefore, damage to the head.

Information sources

1. USSR author's certificate No. 1308247 A1, cl. A01B 45/26, 33/08, 1985.

2. Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 1015851 A1, cl. A01D 45/26 1981.

Claims (2)

1. The transporting system of a cabbage harvesting machine containing a loading elevator, a fan, characterized in that the latter is located under the loading bar elevator with an outlet nozzle predominantly facing the flow, rollers are installed on the curved bars of the elevator with the ability to rotate when interacting with the guides and with each other during movement its traction contours. 2. The transportation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the rollers are equipped with cams that allow them to engage and mechanically interact with each other, compensating for distortions during rotation.

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