RU2449213C1 - Converter gas cooling boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: cooling boiler includes lifting gas duct with gas-tight cooled cover which is installed on vertical guides with possibility of vertical movement, shells fixed on the cover plate sides, and return springs installed with possibility of interaction with shells. Shells are installed on vertical guides with possibility of free vertical movement together with cover plate. On vertical guides there mounted are shock absorbers for interaction with shells in working position of cover plate and support discs are fixed for interaction with return springs in emergency condition of cover plate after explosion in converter. At that, return springs are mounted on vertical guides and located relative to support discs at the distance providing free vertical direction of shells with cover plate through the height till formation of gap between raiser and cover plate, surface area of which is enough for pressure release after explosion in converter to safe design value.

EFFECT: improving reliability of cooling boiler design due to increasing pressure release efficiency at explosion in converter.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The inventive object relates to metallurgy and can be used for cooling converter gases.

The closest set of features to the claimed object is the selected boiler as a prototype, containing a gas duct with a gas tight cooled lid that is mounted on vertical guide angles with the possibility of vertical movement. Cups are fixed along the perimeter of the lid, in which spring return blocks are located (RU patent for utility model No. 70961 U1, IPC F22B 31/02, publ. 02.20.06, Bull. No. 5).

The claimed object and the prototype match the following essential features. The devices include a lifting gas duct with a gas tight cooled lid, which is mounted on vertical rails with the possibility of vertical movement, glasses mounted on the sides of the cover, and return springs installed with the possibility of interaction with glasses.

Analysis of the technical properties of the prototype, due to its features, shows that the following reasons hinder the receipt of the expected technical result when using the prototype. During an explosion in the converter under the pressure of the blast wave, the boiler cover does not move vertically in the rails not freely, but overcoming the forces of the return springs, which are compressed in glasses fixed along the perimeter of the cover, and accumulate the energy of the blast wave. In this case, the pressure relief in the flue through a gradually increasing gap between the cover and the flue is not efficient enough, which, in some cases, can lead to the destruction of the design of the boiler-cooler due to the excess of the safe calculated pressure value. In addition, after depressurization, the cover, under the influence of return springs that have accumulated blast wave energy, returns to its working position and, at the same time, powerfully strikes the gas-tight shutter and gas duct filled with sealing material, which, in some cases, can lead to gas leakage shutter and to the destruction of the design of the flue. These shortcomings reduce the reliability of the design of the boiler cooler of the Converter gases in case of explosion in the converter.

The claimed object is based on the task of creating such a converter gas cooler boiler, in which improvements by introducing new elements allow using the inventive object to achieve a technical result consisting in increasing the reliability of the converter gas cooler boiler design by increasing the efficiency of pressure relief during explosion in converter.

The inventive boiler Converter gas cooler contains a lifting gas duct with a gas tight cooled lid, which is mounted on vertical rails with the possibility of vertical movement, glasses mounted on the sides of the cover, and return springs installed with the possibility of interaction with glasses. A distinctive feature is the following. The glasses are mounted on vertical rails with the possibility of free vertical movement together with the lid. Shock absorbers are mounted on the vertical rails for interaction with the glasses in the working position of the lid and support discs are fixed for interaction with return springs in the emergency position of the lid after an explosion in the converter. In this case, the return springs are mounted on vertical guides and are located relative to the support disks at a distance that provides free vertical movement of the glasses with the cover to a height until a gap exists between the lifting gas duct and the cover, the area of which is sufficient to relieve pressure after the explosion in the converter to a safe calculated value.

In special cases, the execution of the claimed object is characterized in that the return springs are located relative to the support disks at a distance that provides free vertical movement of the glasses with the lid to a height until a gap is formed between the top of the lifting gas duct and the lid, the area of which is 0.04 m ² per ton of converter cage .

When using the inventive object, it is possible to achieve a technical result, which consists in increasing the reliability of the design of the converter gas cooler by increasing the efficiency of pressure relief during an explosion in the converter.

Between the set of essential features of the claimed object and the achieved technical result, there is the following cause-effect relationship. Installing glasses on vertical rails with the possibility of free vertical movement together with the lid, securing the support disks on the vertical rails for interaction with the return springs in the emergency position of the lid after the explosion in the converter, installing the return springs on the vertical rails and their location relative to the support disks at a distance that provides free vertical movement of glasses with a lid until a gap is formed between the lifting gas duct and the lid, cat area It is sufficient to relieve the pressure after the explosion in the converter to a safe calculated value, which ensures that when the explosion in the converter under the pressure of the blast wave, the boiler cover moves freely in the vertical rails without overcoming the forces of the return springs, and therefore very quickly. In this case, the pressure relief in the gas duct through the gap between the cover and the gas duct sharply increased to the calculated value is carried out quite effectively, preventing the pressure from rising to the maximum permissible value. After depressurization, the cap, continuing to move by inertia, and not under the influence of a blast wave, interacts with return springs, which practically did not accumulate the energy of the blast wave and only absorb the stop of the cap in the upper position. From the upper position, the lid, practically under the influence of its weight, returns to its working position and, thanks to shock absorbers mounted on vertical rails for interacting with glasses in the working position of the lid, smoothly, practically without impact, lowers onto the gas-tight shutter of the gas duct. The effective pressure relief of the blast wave into the practically calculated gap between the rising cover and the gas duct and the smooth, without a powerful blow, returning the cover to the working position prevents the integrity of the gas duct and the gas tightness of the shutter, which improves the design reliability of the converter gas cooler in case of explosion in converter.

The essence of the claimed object is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

- figure 1 is a General view of the boiler cooler Converter gases installed above the Converter;

- figure 2 is a top view And in figure 1;

- figure 3 is a section bB in figure 2 with the working position of the cover;

- figure 4 is a section bB in figure 2 with the emergency position of the cover.

In the drawings, the following notation is used:

1 - flue;

2 - cover;

3 - a glass;

4 - a glass;

5 - a glass;

6 - a glass;

7 - a return spring;

8 - vertical guide;

9 - vertical guide;

10 - vertical guide;

11 - vertical guide;

12 - shock absorber;

13 - a supporting disk;

14 - shutter;

15 - knife;

16 - a flexible element for supplying a cooler;

17 - a flexible element for removal of the cooler;

18 - converter;

L is the distance between the return spring and the support disk;

H is the height of the cover.

In a specific example, the inventive converter gas cooler-boiler comprises a lifting duct 1 with a gas-tight cooled lid 2. On the sides of the lid 2, glasses 3, 4, 5 and 6 are fixed. Inside the glasses, with the possibility of interaction with them, return springs are installed, for example, 7 in the glass 4. Glasses 3, 4, 5, and 6, respectively, are mounted on vertical guides 8, 9, 10, and 11 with the possibility of free vertical movement together with cover 2.

Shock absorbers are mounted on vertical guides 8, 9, 10 and 11 to interact with the cups in the working position of the cover 2, for example, a shock absorber 12 inside the cup 4, and support discs are fixed for interacting with return springs in the emergency position of the cover after an explosion in the converter, for example, a support disc 13 inside the cup 4.

In this case, the return springs are mounted on vertical guides and are located relative to the support disks at a distance that provides free vertical movement of the glasses with the lid until a gap H is formed between the lifting gas duct and the lid, the area of which is sufficient to relieve pressure after the explosion in the converter to a safe calculated value. For example, the return spring 7 inside the cup 4 on the vertical guide 9 is located relative to the support disk 13 at a distance L.

The gas tightness of the lid 2 is provided by a shutter 14, in which a knife 15 and a sealing material attached to the lid are placed. The cooler is supplied to the cover 2 and the cooler is withdrawn using flexible elements 16 and 17. The converter gas cooler boiler is installed above the converter 18.

In a specific embodiment, the return springs 7 are located relative to the support disks 13 at a distance L, which provides free vertical movement of the cups 3, 4, 5 and 6 with the cover 2 to a height H until a gap is formed between the top of the lifting duct 1 and the cover 2, the area of which is 0 , 04 m ² per tonne of batch converter.

In a specific example of execution for a 160 tons cage converter with an OKG-160 converter gas cooler-boiler, the required lifting height of cover 2 during explosion in converter 18 is determined by empirical dependence, which is based on the condition that the area of the anti-explosive valve be determined at the rate of 0.04 m ² per tonne of charge of the converter with an explosion pressure of 0.4 kg / cm ² :

,

,

Where

H is the height of the cover, m;

K - coefficient equal to 0.04 m per tonne of charge of the converter;

Q - converter charge in tons, t;

P - perimeter of the hole in the duct under the cover, m

For a specific example: Q = 160 t; P = 16.9 m; H = 0.38 m.

To ensure free lifting of the cover to a height H of 0.38 m, the distance L between the return springs 7 and the supporting disks 13 should be at least 0.38 m.

The boiler cooler Converter gases works as follows. The converter gases from the converter 18 enter the riser duct 1 with a gas tight chilled cover 2, which is cooled by a cooler, which is supplied through the flexible elements 16 and 17. In the case of an explosion in the converter 18, the blast wave rising through the riser duct 1 acts on the lid 2, which together with glasses 3, 4, 5 and 6, it freely, almost instantly, rises along the vertical guides 8, 9, 10 and 11 to a height H of 0.38 m. At the same time, through the gap between the cover 2 and the gas duct sharply increased to the calculated value 1 efficiently There is a pressure relief in the duct without exceeding the permissible design value. After depressurization, the cover 2, continuing to move by inertia, and not under the influence of the blast wave, interacts with return springs 7, which practically did not accumulate the energy of the blast wave and only amortize the stop of the cover in the upper position. From the upper position, the cover 2 with the knife 15, almost under the influence of its weight, falls down along the vertical guides and, thanks to the shock absorbers 12, smoothly falls into the working position on the gas tight shutter 14 of the gas duct 1.

Claims (2)

1. A converter gas cooler boiler comprising a lifting gas duct with a gas tight cooled lid that is mounted on vertical rails with the possibility of vertical movement, cups mounted on the sides of the lid, and return springs mounted to interact with the cups, characterized in that the cups are installed vertical guides with the possibility of free vertical movement together with the cover; shock absorbers are mounted on vertical guides for interaction with the cups in the working position of the lid and supporting disks are fixed for interaction with the return springs in the emergency position of the lid after the explosion in the converter, while the return springs are mounted on vertical rails and are located relative to the supporting disks at a distance providing free vertical movement of the glasses with the lid up to a height of formation between the lifting gas duct and the cover of the gap, the area of which is sufficient to relieve pressure after the explosion in the converter to a safe calculated value us. 2. The boiler-cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that the return springs are located relative to the support discs at a distance that provides free vertical movement of the glasses with the lid to a height until a gap is formed between the lifting duct and the lid, the area of which is 0.04 m ² per tonnes of converter cages.

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