RU2448914C1 - Method of preparing drinking or process water and device to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to water quality improvement processes and may be used for preparation of drinking water or in food industry. Initial from the well is cleaned of suspended particles and dissolved organic substances, and subjected to softening and filtration by system of separate filters with the following media: first filter with medium of clay loam with loamy sand bands, second filter with fine quartz sand, third filter with brown clay with inclusions of gravel and pebble stone, fourth filter with subclay quartz sand, fifth filter with crushed clay siltstone, sixth filter with green-light-gray clay with gravel, seventh filter with crushed green-gray siltstone, and eighth filter with quartz sand. Then, waster is forced through ninth candle ceramic filter, decontaminated in UV steriliser and fed to outlet.

EFFECT: simplified production and higher efficiency.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for improving water quality, can be used in the preparation of drinking water for bottling or in the preparation of process water for further use in the food industry, for example in the alcoholic beverage industry in the production of vodka.

The prior art installation for the preparation of water for bottling, in which water from the well enters the storage tank and then pumped through filters and a heat exchanger, the water is sent to a flow reactor loaded with granular salts. The composition of salts depends on the type of mineral water that must be obtained. Mineral water flows from the reactor through an intermediate tank to a saturator, where it is saturated to a predetermined concentration with carbon dioxide, and through a bactericidal unit to the tank of a filling machine (USSR Author's Certificate No. 1830385, C02F 1/68, publ. 1993)

This installation allows you to get artificial mineral water, the composition of which cannot fully correspond to natural mineral water.

A known method for the preparation of drinking water, in which pre-purified water is filtered through a layer of soil taken at the location of a natural mineral water source in order to saturate the water with ions inherent in natural mineral water. Filtering through several soil layers of different zones bordering the source is supposed. During filtration, water is saturated with a complex of micro and macro elements and becomes biologically active. The water composition is determined by ions typical of a certain natural mineral water and contained in the soil near the source, the layers of which are placed in the filter (US 5910233 A, CL. B01D 15/00, publ. 1999).

Closest to the proposed invention is a method of water treatment, including purification of water from mechanical impurities and dissolved pollutants, its irradiation with light in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, which is produced in portions after its purification from dissolved pollutants, then water is passed through a disintegrated unclassified material consisting of practically insoluble minerals - quartz sand and clay-containing mineral complex, mainly flint, in hydrodynamic mode, anal limiting its movement under natural conditions in the field of spring nutrition, which divides the water flow into unequal microjets with a sharp change in their direction and speed and, thereby, effect similar elements - silicon, selenium, iodine, zinc, copper, molybdenum (patent of the Russian Federation No. 2278830, C02F 9/04, publ. 2006)

The disadvantages of the above technical solution according to US patent and the closest analogue include the fact that mineralization of water requires filling the filler system into the column in a certain sequence, which makes it impossible, if necessary, to replace one filler. In addition, the use of a column requires the creation of a complex hydrodynamic regime in order to ensure mineralization of water.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to simplify the method of producing water that is similar in composition to natural mineral water (enriched with natural mineral complexes) and suitable both for bottling and for use in the food industry, as well as improving the organoleptic properties of the resulting product.

The essence of the invention - the method consists in the fact that the method includes purifying the source water obtained from the well from suspended particles and dissolved organic substances at the deferrization station, softening the water at the softener, and further cascading filtration through the bulk filter system. At 85% height, the filter is filled with supporting and filtering materials. The lower slotted collector is covered with a supporting layer (a layer of washed gravel with dimensions of 2-5 mm). Then a layer of filter material is poured. Each filter is sequentially filled with one type of filter material:

loam with interbeds of sandy loam

fine quartz sand

brown clay with gravel and pebbles

slightly clayey quartz sand

shredded clay silt

clay greenish-light gray with gravel

silt crushed greenish-gray

silica sand

then water is passed through a candle ceramic filter and sent through a UV sterilizer to the outlet valve of the finished product. The filtration rate is 0.1-1.0 m / h. The filter is flushed automatically when a normalized value of the pressure drop across the filter is reached.

The essence of the invention - the device lies in the fact that it includes a series-connected tap of the input of the source water, bulk filters with filtering materials:

loam with interbeds of sandy loam

fine quartz sand

brown clay with gravel and pebbles

slightly clayey quartz sand

shredded clay silt

clay greenish-light gray with gravel

silt crushed greenish-gray

silica sand

candle ceramic filter, UV sterilizer and outlet valve of the finished product.

The technical result from the use of inventions is to simplify the production of saline water. Another technical result is an increase in productivity upon receipt of mineralized water with ensuring its high organoleptic characteristics due to the fact that its mineralization takes place under conditions most close to natural. The device (line), in addition, has good operational properties. If necessary, the replacement of the filler of any filter line is carried out without dismantling the rest of its filters. Flushing the filter is automatic.

Common features for the claimed technical solutions and prototype are the following features:

- water purification from mechanical impurities and dissolved pollutants;

- passing purified water through a mineral material consisting of quartz sand and a clay-containing mineral complex.

Distinctive features of the claimed invention is:

- the presence of sequentially located individual filters, each of which has its own filter material;

- the proposed sequence of water treatment in filters having different filter materials;

- use of loam as a filter material of the first filter;

- use as a filter material silt of crushed clay and silt of crushed greenish-gray.

The use of a first filter with loam filler with sandy loam interlayers in the filter system makes it possible to increase the productivity of water treatment due to the fact that the water-soluble humic acids contained in the loam intensify the subsequent stages of water saturation with minerals.

The inclusion of a filter with a brown clay filler in the filter system, including gravel and pebbles, saturates the water with ions of substances from the minerals contained in the clay: quartz (SiO ₂ ); gypsum (CaSO ₄ · 2H ₂ O); dolomite (MgO · CaO · CO ₂ ); calcite (CaO · CO ₂ ); glauconite (K ₂ O · Fe ₂ O ₃ · 4SiO ₂ · 10H ₂ O); limonite (Fe ₂ O ₃ · 3H ₂ O); rutile (TiO ₂ ); serpentine (3MgO · 2SiO ₂ · 2H ₂ O).

The content of water-soluble salts mg / equiv. 100 g of brown clay with the inclusion of gravel and pebbles:

Cl ^- 0.30 SO ₄ ^2- 0.61 Ca ²⁺ 0.42 Mg ²⁺ 1.12

A clay-greenish-light gray clay filler with gravel allows the composition of water to be supplemented with the content of ferrous ions from the siderite mineral (FeO · CO ₂ ) contained in it.

A filler made of low-silica silica sand allows, in addition to filtration (silica sand), to enrich water with ions from clay impurities present in it.

The content of water-soluble salts mg / equiv. 100 g in the sand quartz slightly clay:

Ca ²⁺ 0,026 Mg ²⁺ 0,0253

The introduction of crushed greenish-gray silt filler, consisting mainly of mineral grains (quartz, feldspar, mica, etc.) of 0.01-0.1 mm in size, provides additional water purification, and the use of crushed clay silt filler, in addition to filtration , allows at this stage also to add ions from clay impurities in it to water.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a diagram of cascading water filtration.

The method is carried out on the line of cascading water filtration. The line contains a checkpoint 1 through which feed water is supplied. Next, a system of bulk filters 2 (in the drawing are indicated by numbers from No. 1 to No. 8) with various fillers is installed. Filter No. 1 contains loam with sandy loam interlayers as a filler, filter No. 2 contains fine quartz sand as a filler, filter No. 3 contains brown clay with gravel and pebbles included, filter No. 4 contains weakly clay quartz sand, a filter No. 5 as a filler contains crushed clay silt, filter No. 6 as a filler contains clay, greenish-light gray with gravel, filter No. 7 as filler contains silt, crushed greenish-gray, fil mp №8 as filler comprises silica sand.

Next, the water is traditionally filtered through a candle ceramic filter (0.2 μm) - item 3, usually used to filter water in the food industry, and sent to the UV sterilizer 4 for disinfection. With the UV sterilizer 4, the finished product - mineralized water is supplied to the outlet valve 5. The pressure in the system is controlled by pressure gauges 6. Water can be bottled in containers for sale to consumers or used in the food industry.

Claims (2)

1. A method of preparing drinking or process water, including purification of the source water obtained from the well from suspended particles and dissolved organic substances, softening the water and further filtering using fillers of quartz sand and clay, characterized in that the filtering is carried out through a system of separate filters with the following fillers: the first filter with filler from loam with interlayers of sandy loam, the second filter with filler from fine silica sand, the third filter with filler and brown clay with the inclusion of gravel and pebbles, the fourth filter with filler from quartz sand of slightly clay, the fifth filter with filler from crushed clay silt, the sixth filter with filler from greenish-light gray with gravel, the seventh filter with filler from crushed silt greenish gray, the eighth filter filled with quartz sand, then water is passed through the ninth ceramic candle filter, disinfected in a UV sterilizer and fed to the exit. 2. A device for the preparation of drinking or process water containing a filtering agent with fillers of quartz sand and clay, characterized in that the filtering agent is made in the form of series-connected filters: the first filter with filler from loam with interlayers of sandy loam, the second filter with filler fine-grained quartz sand, the third filter with brown clay filler with inclusion of gravel and pebbles, the fourth filter with weakly clay silica sand filler, the fifth filter with crushed clay silt filler, the sixth filter with greenish-light gray clay filler with gravel, the seventh filter with crushed greenish-gray silt filler, the eighth filter with quartz sand filler, and the device is equipped with a ceramic candle filter and a UV sterilizer arranged sequentially behind the eighth filter.

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