RU2447641C1 - Mower for cutting reeds for pellets - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in machines for harvesting of industrial crops. The mower comprises a frame with a suspender, a rotary cutting device, the mechanism of equilibration and a field divider. On the frame suspender of the butt and the subframe a bearing support is installed consisting of vertical racks and a top plate pivotally connected to racks. The right vertical racks in the direction of the mowing movement have longitudinal grooves and are pivotally connected to the subframe. The left vertical racks are rigidly connected by their lower ends with the frame suspender of the butt. On the butt frame a slide is placed that includes a vertical plate and the roller units to move the on the grooves of the right vertical racks. The vertical plate is located between the right vertical racks and is connected to the rollers. On the vertical plate the upper cutting machine is mounted, the device of feeding plants to it, their drive and a sloped board. The sloped board is located below the upper cutting device with a slope toward the uncut area. On the subframe a support wheel is installed to ensure the mower rigidity.

EFFECT: mower construction provides removal of panicles of reeds at the same time with mowing of plants.

6 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, specifically to machines for harvesting industrial crops.

Known high-speed mounted mower KS-F-2,1B / 1, p. 156 /, which allows you to mow reeds in flat areas, with the laying of the mowed mass in swath. It consists of the following main components: a segmented-finger type cutting apparatus, a frame, a drive mechanism, and a springing tilt mechanism.

When harvesting reeds in order to use them later for the preparation of pellets, panicles must be removed, since the presence of parts of reeds panicles in the pellets affects the quality of their preparation and reduces the energy value. The high-speed mounted KS-F-2,1B mower does not allow to remove reed panicles when mowing it.

Known reed mower VMZH-200/2, p.305 / or an analogue of SM-12. It is designed for mowing reeds on rivers and ponds.

Main components: a boat with two drive wheels, an engine, a two-stage gearbox, a cutting apparatus, a drive and a control mechanism.

This reed mower, as well as the high-speed mounted mower KS-F-2,1B, does not allow to remove the reed panicles when mowing it.

A known machine for cleaning panicles of sorghum and Sudanese SM-2.6 / 2, p.230-231 /, which consists of a main and rotary frame, a movable carriage, a lifting mechanism, a header, a reel, an unloading conveyor, a gear box, a cardan drive drive machine and reel, carriage wheels and hydraulic systems. The machine for cleaning panicles of sorghum and Sudanese SM-2.6 is capable of cutting panicles of sorghum, Sudanese and other crops with loading them in a trailed cart. However, it does not allow mowing plants simultaneously with panicle harvesting. After cutting the panicles, an additional operation is required to mow the remaining mass, which significantly increases the complexity of cleaning. The design of the machine frame, the movable carriage and the header lifting mechanism does not allow the header to be installed parallel to the surface of the site when the machine is operating on slopes. This reduces the quality of the cleaning. In addition, the machine has an unloading conveyor, which is not necessary when cutting reed panicles. The unloading conveyor and the header used in the SM-2.6 machine significantly increase the weight of the machine, which is undesirable when the machine is operating in humid areas, where cane usually grows. The SM-2.6 machine is trailed, which reduces its maneuverability.

Known mounted rotary mower KRN-2,1A (adopted by us for the prototype) / 3, p. 49-50 /, used when mowing high-yielding natural and seeded grasses. Mounted mower, aggregated with MTZ-80 and MTZ-82 tractors.

The mower includes a suspension hitch frame, a rotary cutting apparatus, a balancing mechanism, a subframe, hydraulic equipment, a traction safety lock, a drive mechanism and a field divider.

This mower can qualitatively cut the reeds and put them into swath, however, it does not allow to remove the reeds panicles when mowing them.

The invention consists in the following.

The objective of the invention is the removal of panicles of reeds simultaneously with the mowing of plants.

EFFECT: reduced labor intensity and improved quality of mowing reeds with simultaneous removal of panicles for its further use in the preparation of pellets.

The specified technical result during the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the known mower containing a hitch frame with a suspension, a rotary cutting apparatus, a balancing mechanism, a subframe, hydraulic equipment, a traction safety lock, a drive mechanism and a field divider, a support consisting of a suspension frame and a subframe is installed from vertical racks and the top plate, the carriage, including roller blocks with a vertical plate on which the upper cutting apparatus is fixed, the mechanism for supplying plants to the cutting apparatus y, their drive and pitched board. Due to the fact that the design of the mower includes a support on which the upper cutting apparatus, the mechanism for supplying plants to the cutting apparatus, their drive and a sloping board are installed, it is possible to adjust them in height depending on the height of the reed panicles, the design features of which also allow synchronously copy the upper rotary cutter to tilt the lower rotary cutting apparatus.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of the proposed mowers (side view).

Figure 2 shows a diagram of the proposed mowers (top view).

Figure 3 shows a diagram of the proposed mowers (rear view).

Figure 4 presents a diagram of the type I of figure 1.

Figure 5 presents a diagram of the type II of figure 3.

Figure 6 presents a diagram of a view III of figure 3.

In Fig.7 presents a diagram of a view of Fig.3.

On Fig presents a diagram of a section aa of Fig.7.

The mower for mowing reeds for pellets (see Fig. 1-Fig. 8) contains a hitch frame 1 with a suspension, a rotary cutting device 2, a balancing mechanism 3, a subframe 4, hydraulic equipment 5, a traction safety lock 6, a drive mechanism 7, a field divider 8 , a support consisting of right 9 and left 10 in the direction of travel of the mower of the vertical struts and the upper plate 11, the carriage 12, including blocks of rollers 13 with a vertical plate 14, on which the upper cutting device 15 is located, located closer to the hinge frame 1 in the direction of travel mowers than rotary cutting apparatus 2, the mechanism for feeding plants 16 to the upper cutting apparatus, their drive, including a hydraulic motor 17 and V-belt drives 18, and a ramp 19, hydraulic cylinders 20, an additional support 21 of the plant supply mechanism, a support wheel 22.

The hitch frame 1 allows the mower to be connected to the tractor attachment.

The support mounted on the suspension of the hitch frame 1 and the subframe 4 is designed in such a way that its left upright mowers 10 are connected with their lower ends to the hinge frame hanger 1 rigidly, and the right 9 with a hinge 24 with a subframe 4, the upper ends of all vertical racks 9 and 10 are connected by a hinge 24 to the upper plate 11. On the two right vertical posts 9, longitudinal grooves are made, along which the rollers 23 mounted in blocks 13 of the carriage 12 are moved using hydraulic cylinders 20. A vertical plate is connected to the rollers 23 14, located between the right vertical posts 9, having the ability to tilt together with the right vertical posts 9 when changing the angle of inclination of the rotary cutting apparatus 2. On the vertical plate 14 are fixed the upper cutting apparatus 15, the feed mechanism of the plants 16, made in the form of a reel, their drive, including a hydraulic motor 17 and V-belt drives 18, and a ramp 19 with an arrangement below the upper cutting apparatus 15 and a bias towards an unshaped section. The vertical plate 14 has the ability to move along the right vertical posts 9 with the help of hydraulic cylinders 20. This support structure allows you to synchronously change the angle of the upper cutting device 15, the feeder 16 and the ramp 19 when the angle of inclination of the rotary cutting apparatus 2 is changed.

The plant feed mechanism 16 has an additional support 21 with a vertical plate 14, which eliminates the cantilever attachment.

In order to ensure the stability of the mower on the subframe 4, the support wheel 22 is installed.

A mower for mowing reeds on pellets is as follows.

Before starting work, the following are adjusted: the installation height of the upper cutting device 15, depending on the height of the reed panicles; cut height of plants with a rotary cutting apparatus 2 depending on agrotechnical requirements; the angle of inclination of the rotary cutting apparatus 2, depending on the slope of the surface of the plot.

Then the mower, aggregated by the tractor, is adjusted to the harvested area, the rotary cutting apparatus 2, the upper cutting apparatus 15 and the plant feeding mechanism 16 are turned on, harvesting is started.

When the mower moves, the blades of the plant feeding mechanism 16 capture the plants and bring their panicles to the upper cutting device 15. The panicles are cut and fall on the ramp 19, move along it due to gravity and vibrations of the ramp, caused by the movement of the unit, and then fall to the ground . After that, the reed stalks without panicles are cut off with plate knives mounted pivotally on the rotors of the rotary cutting apparatus 2. The knives rotate towards each other. Plants are cut with knives according to the principle of non-support cut, they are captured and carried out of the cutting zone, then they are advanced over the cutting apparatus. The cut off mass, having met with the field divider 8, changes the trajectory of movement, gets into swath, making room for the passage of the tractor wheels.

Literature

1. Klenin, N.I. Agricultural and reclamation machines / N.I. Klenin, V.G. Egorov // Textbooks and teaching aids - Moscow: KolosS, 2003. - p.156.

2. Catalog “Agricultural machinery”, Moscow region: TsNIITEI, 1975. - p.305-308.

3. Ustinov, A. N. Agricultural machines / A.I.Ustinov // Textbook. for the beginning. prof. education. - 2nd ed., Stereotype. - M .: IRPO; Ed. Center "Academy, 2000, pp. 49-50.

Claims (6)

1. A mower for mowing reeds on pellets containing a suspension frame, a rotary cutting device, a balancing mechanism, a subframe, hydraulic equipment, a traction safety device, a drive mechanism, a field divider, characterized in that a support consisting of vertical arms is mounted on the suspension of the hitch frame and subframe racks and the top plate pivotally connected to the racks, and the vertical racks, right along the mower, have longitudinal grooves and are pivotally connected to the subframe, and the left ones are rigidly with the suspension of the hitch frame, with on it with a carriage, including roller blocks that can move along the grooves of the vertical posts, and a vertical plate connected to them and located between the right vertical posts, the upper cutting apparatus, the mechanism for supplying plants to the cutting apparatus, their drive and pitched are fixed on the vertical plate a board with an arrangement below the upper cutting apparatus and a bias towards the side of the mowed portion, having the ability to synchronize the angle of inclination with the rotary cutting apparatus, and a support wheel. 2. The mower according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper cutting apparatus is located closer to the hitch frame in the direction of travel of the mower than the rotary cutting apparatus. 3. The mower according to claim 1, characterized in that the carriage rollers have the ability to move along the grooves of the right vertical struts using hydraulic cylinders. 4. The mower according to claim 1, characterized in that the plant feeding mechanism is made in the form of a reel. 5. The mower according to claim 1, characterized in that the plant feed mechanism has an additional support with a vertical plate. 6. The mower according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive of the upper cutting apparatus and plant feeding mechanism is carried out from the hydraulic motor through V-belt drives.

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