RU2444836C2 - Method to generate electromotive force by control of magnetic permeability of ferromagnetic by means of light and device for its realisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: method is based in effect of dependence of magnetic permeability of certain ferromagnets used as a core in the proposed device, on light. The method is based on application of the specified effect as a facility to control the induced magnetic field developed by a permanent magnet, and converting the DC magnetic field into AC one by means of the pulse mode of operation of the source of light. The AC magnetic field of the core installed inside the coil with a conductor generates electric potential in coils.

EFFECT: generation of electromotive force being the effect of difference in potentials induced in coils with a conductor by the AC magnetic field produced by using the permanent magnet field by control of magnetic permeability of the ferromagnetic core placed in the permanent magnet field, with the help of light.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

Application area

The invention relates to the field of energy, mainly to methods for producing small EMF (similar batteries and batteries) for powering autonomous devices, can be used as a substitute for expensive solar panels.

State of the art

The development of technological progress leads to the search for promising developments in the field of energy to create a new generation of methods and devices designed to produce electrical energy without polluting the environment. Currently, there are various developments implemented on the basis of solving the fundamental problems of classical electrodynamics, hydrodynamics and mechanics.

The prior art various devices and methods implemented on this basis. For example, a chemical method for producing EMF is known, which consists in organizing an ion-exchange process in oxidation or reduction reactions, implemented in acid or alkaline batteries. In this method, a chemical reaction is used as an energy source. The main disadvantage of the aforementioned method is the large installation weight relative to the emf obtained, also the long duration of the battery charging period, but the main thing is the environmentally dirty production associated with the use of chemically active compounds, as well as the problems of disposal of used devices.

There is also a known method of producing EMF, which consists in using the effect of the appearance of a potential difference in some semiconductors when they are irradiated with light, implemented in devices of photodiode power cells and solar batteries. The source of energy is light. Such devices are environmentally friendly, easy to use, do not require maintenance. However, this method of obtaining EMF has a number of significant disadvantages. The main one is the dependence on light, which makes their operation in the premises almost impossible. Another disadvantage is the low power of such power sources, which requires a huge amount of power elements for low energy costs, which makes them economically disadvantageous. Also known is a method of producing an EMF by rotating a permanent magnet inside a coil with a wire, which is used in a wide variety of models of generators and is the main way to generate electric current. The method is based on the known effect of inducing EMF in a conductor placed in an alternating magnetic field created, in this case, by mechanical rotation of the magnet. This method is free from the disadvantages of the above methods; with a relatively small size of the device is able to provide sufficient power, independent of the environment, environmentally friendly.

The disadvantage of this method is the presence of moving parts that lead to wear and shorten the service life of the device, also the need for a mechanical drive, in particular torque, which is the source of energy converted by the generator into EMF.

Despite all the variety of methods and devices for obtaining EMF, the claimed method is the only one in which the method of generating EMF is implemented on the basis of a previously unused energy source.

The technical result of this invention is to obtain an EMF, which is a consequence of the potential difference induced in the coils with a conductor with an alternating magnetic field obtained by using the permanent magnet field by controlling, with the aid of light, the magnetic permeability of the ferromagnetic core located in the permanent magnet field.

The implementation of the invention

The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that the method of EMF generation, based on the use of the effect of changing the magnetic permeability of a ferromagnet under the action of light, namely, that a core located in a magnetic field of a permanent magnet, under the influence of light pulses generates an alternating induced magnetic field, leading to the appearance of a potential difference in the coils with a conductor.

A transparent ferromagnet is used as the core, the magnetic permeability of which is cyclically changed by periodically supplying light pulses.

Device for generating EMF, consisting of a permanent magnet with an opening located along the line of connection of the poles, into which a rod of a transparent ferromagnet is passed, at one of the ends of which there is a light source operating in a pulsed mode, and coils are arranged around both ends of the rod from a conductor, the rod having an inwardly reflecting coating with a single opening in the coating for the entrance of a light beam.

The implementation of the invention

The invention is based on the effect of the dependence of the magnetic permeability of some ferromagnets used as the core of the proposed device on light. The fact of dependence is described in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5].

The proposed method is based on the application of the above effect as a means of controlling an induced magnetic field created by a permanent magnet and converting the constant magnetic field into alternating by means of the pulsed mode of operation of the light source. The alternating magnetic field of the core located inside the coil with the conductor generates an electric potential in the conductor. Due to the lack of movement of the magnetic field, this will not be a current, but a static potential, however of a different sign in coils located at different poles.

Distinctive features of the method is that the source of energy, i.e. EMF arising in a coil with a conductor is a magnetic field inducing a permanent magnet, which was not used in any of the known methods for generating EMF. Light plays an instrumental role, providing the permanent magnet with the ability to do useful work.

The device by which the method of obtaining EMF can be implemented consists of a permanent magnet (1) with an opening located along the line of connection of the poles, into which a rod (4) of a transparent ferromagnet is passed, at one of the ends of which is located a light source (2), operating in a pulsed mode, and around, at both ends of the rod, coils (3) from a conductor are arranged. To distribute the non-uniformities of the emerging potential, the conductor should be shorted to itself in each individual coil. The rod should have an inwardly reflecting coating with a single hole in the coating for the beam to enter. Also, as a light source, it is possible to use daylight concentrated with a lens, the focus of which coincides with the hole in the coating of the rod; the pulsed nature of daylight is achieved by blocking the beam with a light rotating partition.

The essence of the device is illustrated by the drawing shown in figure 1.

The device operates as follows.

In the form shown in the figure, the permanent magnet (1) generates an induced magnetic field in the core (4) from a transparent ferromagnet, which is also constant, and the potential in the coils (3) does not arise. After the light (2) is turned on, the magnetic permeability of the core (4) changes, its magnetic field also changes accordingly, and an opposite electrical potential appears in the coils (3), which immediately disappears if the permeability does not change further. Then the light (2) turns off, and the magnetic permeability changes again, the potential appears again in the coils (3), etc.

The electric potential is a derivative of the function of the magnetic quantity, representing, therefore, a change not of the value, but of the direction of change of the magnetic potential. Therefore, a periodic change in the magnetic field of the core will generate an alternating potential in the coils: with a decrease in the magnetic field (light coming on) - of one sign, with an increase (extinction of light) - of another, but opposite at different ends of the device. So, we get a generator of already variable potential with a frequency corresponding to the full period between two inclusions of the light source.

Information sources

1. A.V. Chzhan “Decomposition of the initial magnetic permeability in FeBO ₃ at low temperatures”. Journal “Letters to JETP”, Volume 48, Issue 9, 26 Oct. 2005, which shows the alleged dependence in the low-temperature region.

2. Patent RU 2077618 “Method for reducing the magnetization of magnetic oxide materials”, C30B 33/04, C30B 29/16, H01F 10/18, where it is proposed to change the magnetization of materials by illuminating them with light.

3. G.S. Krinchik and M.V. Chetkin "Transparent ferromagnets." Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk, vol. 98, issue 1, May 1969, the results are recorded as the discovery: "Anomalous magnetic susceptibility of ferromagnets in the optical frequency range." Opening diploma N175, authors: G.S. Krinchik, M.V. Chetkin. On May 27, 1976, the discovery was entered into the USSR State Register of Discoveries No. 175 with a priority of March 17, 1961 and with the following formula: “A previously unknown phenomenon of the anomalous magnetic susceptibility of ferromagnets in the optical frequency range, namely, that the magnetic the field of the light wave causes an abnormally large precession of the magnetic moment of ferromagnets, leading to their biyrotropy and to frequency-independent rotation of the plane of polarization of light. "

4. V.E. Mahotkin, G.I. Vinogradova, V.G. Fun "Photo-induced fixing of domain walls in a magnetic semiconductor CdCr ₂ Se ₄ ". Letters to JETP Magazine, Volume 28, Issue 2, July 20, 1978 On a sample: an orthoferrite toroid, light from a 100 W incandescent lamp without light filters was directed at room temperature.

5. V.F. Kovalenko and E.L. Nagaev “Photoinduced Magnetism”. The Uspekhi Fizicheskikh Nauk journal, volume 148, issue 4 in April 1986 A wide study, one of the parts of which was the determination of the dependence of magnetic permeability on light. The effect persists up to temperatures of 150-200 K. It is also noted that the effect is dynamic, the magnetic permeability can both decrease and increase under the influence of light, depending on the dopants in the ferromagnet.

Claims (3)

1. The method of generating an emf based on the use of the effect of changing the magnetic permeability of a ferromagnet under the influence of light, namely, that a core located in a magnetic field of a permanent magnet, under the influence of light pulses generates an alternating induced magnetic field, leading to the appearance potential differences in coils with a conductor. 2. Method for generating emf according to claim 1, characterized in that a transparent ferromagnet is used as the core, the magnetic permeability of which is changed cyclically by periodically supplying light pulses. 3. Device for generating an emf, consisting of a permanent magnet with an opening located along the line of connection of the poles, into which a rod of a transparent ferromagnet is passed, at one of the ends of which there is a light source operating in a pulsed mode, and around coils of a conductor are arranged at both ends of the rod, the rod having an inwardly reflecting coating with a single opening in the coating for the entrance of a light beam.