RU2444803C1 - Transformer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: method is carried out by combination of winding direct functions and core functions when made from ferromagnetic electroconductive material. The transformer comprises primary windings with high electroconductivity, yokes made of ferromagnetic material. Secondary core windings are made of ferromagnetic material with high electroconductivity. Primary windings coaxially cover secondary core windings, which, alternating with yokes, are enclosed into a closed magnetic circuit. The primary winding is made of ferromagnetic electroconductive material.

EFFECT: reduced dimensions and weight, lower losses of energy in windings and the core.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, in particular to electromagnetic transformers.

Known coreless reactive coil, the winding of which is made of an electrically conductive material coated with a ferromagnetic shell and insulation (ed. St. No. 603003, H01F 27/28, 1978). When the ends of such a wire are connected to the poles of a power source and an electric current flows through it, an electric current induces a magnetic field covering this current. The magnetic field is completely closed by its own ferromagnetic sheath of the wire, because it has a low magnetic resistance, without going into the space of the outer insulation of the wire having high magnetic resistance. This means that such a wire is equivalent to a direct single wire, the inductance of which is proportional to the magnetic conductivity of the medium surrounding it, does not depend on the shape, relative position and number of turns of the winding and exceeds the inductance of a direct single wire without a ferromagnet by a factor of µ, where µ is the relative magnetic permeability ferromagnet. The core windings of the coil can be made of inexpensive material, for example, entirely of iron wire or other electrically conductive ferromagnet coated with insulation. Since the magnetic fields of the coil turns do not extend beyond the wire and do not affect each other, the magnetic flux linkage of the coil windings is close to zero.

When creating an electromagnetic transformer, the closing yoke of the core winding and primary windings of non-ferromagnetic material were introduced into it, while the ferromagnetic should be: insulation of the core winding from an electrically conductive ferromagnet, filling the gaps between its turns, the gaps between this winding and the closing yoke (US patent No. 3247476, Cl. 336-177, 1966).

The closest set of essential features to the claimed invention is a transformer containing primary windings made of non-ferromagnetic material with high electrical conductivity, yokes made of ferromagnetic material, and secondary windings-rods made of ferromagnetic material with high electrical conductivity. Moreover, the primary windings coaxially cover the core windings, which, alternating with yokes, are connected in a closed magnetic circuit. Moreover, if the core is bent and forms a closed ring, the presence of a jerk is optional. The combination of the secondary windings with the core windings reduced the size and energy loss of the transformer by 2.5 times. However, each coil of the primary winding is connected by separate magnetic fluxes to the core winding and each coil of the secondary core winding, and there is no such connection between the turns of the primary winding and between the turns of the secondary core. In a tax design, the magnetic fluxes of the coil of the primary winding do not affect the turns of the same winding. This means that the possibility of further reducing the size of the transformer and energy losses has not been fully used (Vafin Sh.I., Kazakov OV, Kazakov VV, Nemtsev GA New classical transformers with optimized block design. Description and theoretical justification / / Energy of Tatarstan. - Kazan, 2008. - No. 4. - P.77-83 - prototype).

The objective of the invention is the creation of a transformer with reduced dimensions and weight, reducing energy losses in the core windings.

The technical result is achieved in that in a transformer containing primary windings with high electrical conductivity, yokes made of ferromagnetic material, and secondary windings-cores made of ferromagnetic material with high electrical conductivity, while the primary windings coaxially cover the windings-cores, which, alternating with yokes, connected in a closed magnetic circuit, the primary winding is made of ferromagnetic material.

Figure 1 shows a transformer in section, the winding-core of which has a pot-like shape; figure 2 - transformer, the winding-core of which has a U-shaped; figure 3 - transformer, the winding-core of which is closed; figure 4 - connection diagram; figure 5 - transformer with beveled windings-cores and yokes.

The transformer contains a primary winding 1 with leads 2, yoke 3, a secondary winding-core 4 with leads 5, while the primary winding 1 coaxially covers the secondary winding-core 4.

The transformer operates as follows.

The findings 2 of the primary winding 1 of the transformer, shown in figure 4, are connected to the terminals of the power source U ₁ , and the terminals 5 of the secondary winding-core 4 of the transformer are connected to the terminals of the load U ₂ . The current I _{1 of the} primary winding 1 creates magnetic fluxes F (Figs. 1-3, 5), which couple each coil of this winding to a closed core winding formed by the primary winding 1, yoke 2 and the secondary core winding 4, as well as with the turns secondary winding-core 4, and induces in the secondary winding-core EMF U ₂ , providing a load current I ₂ . Thus, the windings 1 and 4 of the transformer, as in any transformer, perform the function of local concentration of ampere-turns, and the core winding provides localization of the magnetic field inside the transformer and the connection between the windings. The closure of the magnetic flux f in the design shown in figure 3, is conditional, because the formation of identical counter flows Φ in the windings 1 and 4 is associated with the compensation of its components passing through the layers of the windings.

Figure 5 shows a design variant of the transformer, providing a decrease in the magnetic resistance of the core of the transformer.

Thus, the combination of direct functions and core functions by the windings makes it possible to perform a transformer with smaller overall dimensions and weight than that of an analog. Since the energy loss of any transformer is proportional to its weight, the resulting reduction in weight provides a reduction in these losses.

The transformer can be manufactured as follows.

The transformer windings are wound in the form of coaxial rolls from calibrated enamel tape ARMKO 20-880. The yoke of the transformer in figure 1 can be made of ferrite 2000NM or in the form of a stack of rings of electrical steel, for example grade 3408. The yoke of the transformer in figure 2 can be made by winding a tape of the same material. The transformer in figure 3 can be made by the method of layer-by-layer growth of iron and oxide by the technology of decomposition of penta-carbonyl iron and oxidation of the surface of the layer.

Thus, the manufacture of the inventive transformer is affordable.

The inventive transformer can be used as any power and measuring transformers used in the electronic and electrical industries and in the electric power industry.

Claims (1)

A transformer containing primary windings with high electrical conductivity, yokes made of ferromagnetic material, and secondary windings-cores made of ferromagnetic material with high electrical conductivity, while the primary windings coaxially cover the secondary windings of the core, which, alternating with the yokes, are connected in a closed magnetic circuit, characterized in that the primary winding is also made of ferromagnetic material.

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