RU2444192C2 - Artificial pheromone attractant complex for rodent pests - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to rodent pest control, particularly common rats, house mice and voles. The artificial pheromone attractant complex consists of synthetic pH dependent volatile substances from rodent urine, specifically trimethylamine, n-butylamine and isobutylamine in ratio of 1:1:1, neutralised by acetic, propionic and n-butyric acid in ratio of 1:1:1 in 0.1% aqueous solutions.

EFFECT: preparation increases rat catching rate by 2,6 times and house mice catching rate by 4 times compared to conventional traps in which no olfactory attractant is added; the preparation also attracts common voles and field mice unlike conventional traps.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of control of rodent pests (in particular, with gray rats and house mice, field voles, etc.).

Known attractant for rodents, which consists of a freeze-dried meat product, cornmeal, dried beets, vegetable oil and cocoa in a certain ratio [1]. Such an attractant composition makes it possible to enhance the attractive ability of a poison bait. The disadvantages of such an attractant are as follows: 1) upon sublimation, food products lose most of their attractive volatile substances; 2) the proposed attractant attracts only that part of rodents that experience hunger, but does not support research motivation; 3) the proposed attractant does not contain substances that reduce alertness to unfamiliar objects (especially pregnant and lactating females and dominant males, which, as a rule, avoid them).

The closest analogue of the invention is a synthetic attractant of a gray rat - n-butylammonium propionate isolated from its urine (olfactory signal), which increases the research activity of rats by 2, 3 times [2, 3]. The disadvantages of this analogue are its relatively low attractiveness for rats and species limitation.

The attractant of the present invention is free from these drawbacks. It consists of a set of several artificially obtained substances that make up the urine of many rodents: triethylamine, n-butylamine and isobutylamine (1: 1: 1 ratio). This composition is neutralized with acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids (1: 1: 1 ratio) in a 0.1% aqueous solution.

It is known that the urine of rodents causes an active research reaction in rodents, especially of their kind - in gray rats, house mice, large gerbils, etc. [4]. However, in the urine, pH-dependent components common to many species of rodents were found - volatile amines (dimethyl and triethylamines, n-butylamine, iso-butylamine, tert-butylamine, etc.) and acids (acetic, propionic, iso- and n-butyric , iso- and n-valerianic, etc.), the quantitative content of which in individuals has significant fluctuations, overlapping species differences [3].

In laboratory conditions, the proposed complex causes an intense research reaction in both the gray rat and the house mouse, common vole, etc., comparable to a mixture of all bases and acids of rodent urine.

When the preparation is applied to fishing gear (crush), the catch of rats increases by a factor of 2.6 compared with control gears to which this pheromone complex is not added. Catching was carried out at 21 objects inhabited by rats in Moscow - multi-storey residential buildings, summer cottages, production facilities, food enterprises. For 3 days, 21 rats were caught in traps with the preparation, in the control - 7 (significance of difference P <0.01).

Survey results of captured animals indicate that mainly adult sexually mature males and large pregnant and lactating females fall into the traps with the pheromone complex proposed in the present invention> 70%.

The catchability of the traps with the proposed preparation at 5 sites (vegetable stores), not populated by rats, increases 4 times for the house mouse compared to control traps (48 rodents versus 12). In addition, common voles (12) and forest mice are also caught, while not one is trapped in control traps [5].

An example of the preparation of a pheromone complex

10 mg of triethylamine, n-butylamine and isobutylamine are added to a glass vessel (50 ml) and 5 ml of distilled water are added. Shake up. The mixture of amines is then neutralized dropwise to pH 7 with a pre-prepared aqueous solution of a mixture of acetic, propionic and butyric acids (10 mg of each acid in 5 ml of distilled water). The pheromone complex is stored in a household refrigerator for 1 year.

An example of the use of pheromone complex.

4 drops (0.1-0.2 ml) of a pheromone preparation are applied to fishing gear around a standard food lure. The trap must be protected from direct rain. After 3 days, the application of attractant is resumed in those traps where the rodents were not caught. After being treated with boiling water, the trap freed from caught rodents is again used.

Information sources

1. Patent RU 2201677 C2, 04/10/2003.

2. Sokolov V.E., Lyapunova KL, Surov A.V., Kuryatov N.S., Zinkevich E.P. Pheromone belonging to its species in gray rats. Reports of the USSR Academy of Sciences. 1979.V.248. S.1506-1509.

3. Sokolov V.E., Zinkevich E.P., Merkova M.A. The increase in trapping ability for house mouse traps, common voles and other rodents when using some signal components of urine. In the book: II All-Union Conference on the Chemical Communication of Animals M., 1983. P.149.

4. Surov V.A., Zinkevich E.P. Prospects for the use of olfactory stimuli in modern rodent control. Pest management and biodiversity conservation issues. Materials of the Russian scientific-practical conference with international participation. November 17-18, 2009.M. 2009.P. 62-64.

5. Sudeikin V.A., Lyapunova K.L., Zinkevich E.P. Experience with the use of certain components of the urine of gray rats in their capture. In the book: Rodents. Materials of the VI All-Union meeting. - L .: Nauka, 1983. S.595-596.

Claims (1)

An artificial pheromone attractant complex for rodent pests in their natural habitat, characterized in that, in order to make the complex more attractive for different types of rodents, it is composed of synthesized pH-dependent volatile substances of rodent urine: trimethylamine, n-butylamine and isobutylamine 1: 1: 1 ratio, neutralized with acetic, propionic and n-butyric acids in a ratio of 1: 1: 1 in 0.1% aqueous solutions.