RU2441271C1 - Method to generate tests for control of operability and diagnostics of faulty equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity. ^ SUBSTANCE: generation of control and diagnostic tests is carried out on the basis of mathematical models of control objects built on circuits of electric principal control objects, mathematical models of electric radio elements (ERE) and parameters of electric signals for passport modes of ERE operation, and generation of reference thermal portraits of radioelectronic equipment (REE) items - a control object - is carried out by means of synthesis on the basis of individual thermal portraits of ERE of appropriate types and a drawing of the control object overview. ^ EFFECT: provision of the possibility to generate diagnostic tests for thermal imaging diagnostics of radio-electronic equipment faults when there are no reference samples of REE available. ^ 2 dwg

Description

The technical solution relates to the field of technical diagnostics, in particular, to automated monitoring of operability and troubleshooting of electronic equipment (REA) and other complex equipment using automated control and diagnostic systems based on computer technology and digital measuring equipment.

When implementing automated monitoring of operability and diagnostics of REA malfunctions, work on the formation of control and diagnostic tests is of great complexity. In order to reduce labor costs for the preparation of tests, various methods of automated generation of control and diagnostic tests are used.

Known methods for the formation of control and diagnostic tests for automated control and diagnostic installations, the diagnosis of malfunctions of a controlled CEA in which is based on a comparison of the measured response signals at intermediate points of the CEA with the reference response signals at the same points RU No. 2261471 C1 (G06F 11/22, G05B 23/00, published September 27, 2005, Bull. No. 27) for obviously operational CEA. The disadvantage of this method is that the diagnostic tests formed on its basis are unsuitable for diagnosing malfunctions of a complex REA with an increased density of installation of radio electronic elements (ERE) and the inability of the measuring probes of the control and diagnostic units to access the control points of the REA electrical circuits.

This drawback is eliminated in the method of generating diagnostic tests using digital infrared (thermal) images of a controlled CEA. An example of such a method is the method according to the application No. 2009135652/09 of 09.25.2009, adopted for the closest analogue.

When forming diagnostic tests, the digital infrared (thermal) images of the healthy state of the reference (control) sample of this type of CEA are used as criteria for the operational state of CEA in this method. The thermal portrait of a working CEA generated using a thermal imaging (infrared) digital video camera is stored in the computer’s memory of the control and diagnostic unit and is used for subsequent troubleshooting of samples of this type of CEA as a health criterion. All deviations of the thermal portraits of the ERE on the images of samples of this type of REA during the subsequent diagnosis from the reference image (thermal portrait) of the correct state of the REA allow you to accurately localize the location of the faulty REE in the design of the REA and then identify the types of faulty ERE for their subsequent replacement during repair of the REA.

The advantage of this method of forming tests (adopted as a prototype of the claimed method) is that it provides the formation and subsequent use of diagnostic tests that allow to identify and identify faulty EREs without contact with the electrically conductive REA circuits and without breaking the moisture protection coating of the controlled REA samples. Formed by this method, tests allow you to diagnose malfunctions CEA with a high density of placement of ERE.

The disadvantage of this method is the formation of tests oriented to the use in control and diagnostic installations with a thermal imaging method for diagnosing faults (in particular, in installations according to the invention according to application No. 2009135652), that it can only be used if there is a known working (reference) CEA sample .

In this regard, this method cannot be used to formulate tests during experimental design work at the stages of manufacturing prototypes of electronic equipment, at the beginning of the development of mass production of new types of electronic equipment, during military repairs of components of weapons systems and military equipment, and in other cases, when, for various reasons, there are no known good (reference) samples of this type of CEA (objects of control with the use of control and diagnostic) installations.

The purpose of the claimed technical solution is to eliminate the disadvantages of the known method, namely, providing the possibility of forming diagnostic tests for thermal imaging diagnostics of REA failures in the absence of reference (obviously good) REA samples.

The claimed technical effect is achieved by the fact that before starting the formation of control and diagnostic tests according to the design documentation, a list of electrical radio elements that are part of the REA to be monitored and diagnosed is determined. Full-scale samples of ERE include in accordance with their normal operating conditions according to the passport data. Using a digital thermal imaging camera, digital thermal portraits are obtained for the operational states of each type of ERE used in the REA (subject to subsequent diagnosis of malfunctions using the generated tests). Then, for each included ERE sample, its characteristic malfunctioning states are simulated (for example, transistor short circuits in the collector-emitter circuit due to electrical breakdown or violation of the integrity of this circuit, etc.). Using a digital thermal imaging camera, digital thermal imaging portraits are obtained for the characteristic malfunctioning states of each type of ERE that are part of the controlled REA. The obtained digital thermal portraits for serviceable and characteristic malfunctioning states of the ERE are identified by the corresponding codes containing the identifier of the ERE type and the type of ERE state. The identified thermal digital portraits are recorded in the computer memory of the control and diagnostic unit. Then, a digital drawing of the general view of the REA structure containing positional images of each ERE and designations of the types of ERE located in the corresponding positions of the REA design is introduced into the memory of the computer of the control and diagnostic unit.

Images of each type of ERE in the digital design drawing of the REA, placed in the memory of the computer of the control and diagnostic unit, are replaced with previously obtained thermal digital portraits of the operational state of the ERE of the corresponding type. The structural image of the ERE in the digital drawing of the REA design is replaced with the corresponding thermal portrait of this type of ERE based on the coincidence of the identifier of the ERE type in the corresponding position of the drawing of the general view of the ERE with the identification code of the ERE type, which previously identified the thermal portrait of this type of ERE. As a result of the replacement in the digital drawing of the REA design, digital thermal portraits of the ERE will be placed at each position in each position, and thus a reference digital portrait of the REA design will be formed for a good condition, which will be further used in troubleshooting. Similarly, thermal portraits of the REA can be obtained for the characteristic faulty states of the REE at the corresponding positions of the REA design.

Thus, the formation of reference thermal portraits is ensured for the operational state of the CEA and for faulty states - without the use of full-scale objects of the CEA to be diagnosed with malfunctions, i.e. The claimed technical effect is achieved.

At the same time, in order to increase the reliability of digital thermal portraits formation for operational and characteristic malfunctioning ERE states and subsequent diagnosis of malfunctions when creating reference thermal portraits of an REA product sample, measures are taken to exclude the influence of external optical and thermal radiation on the full-scale ERE samples and on the lens of an infrared video camera used in the formation of diagnostic test thermal digital portraits of the CEA product.

In some cases, for individual EREs as part of the REA product circuit, a printed circuit board is a kind of radiator due to its design features. In this regard, in such cases, in order to increase the reliability of the formation of thermal digital portraits for operational and characteristic malfunctioning EREs when creating thermal portraits of EREs, the EREs included in accordance with the passport data are placed on a prototype printed circuit board.

The exclusion of the influence of external radiation is ensured by appropriate shielding of the shooting area - for example, by the use of interchangeable shielding shrouds (tubes) installed by the wide side on the edges of the mounting surface of the breadboard printed circuit board with ERE. The top (neck) of the tube is used to mount the lens of an infrared video camera (similar to the prototype method).

Subsequent use of the diagnostic tests generated by the indicated method as part of the corresponding control and diagnostic units is carried out similarly to the tests based on the reference thermal imaging portraits according to the method closest to the analogue.

In this case, the formation of tests for monitoring the health of CEA is also carried out without the use of full-scale samples of CEA (for example, using a mathematical model of the working state of CEA or using a simulation model in accordance with the method of forming tests according to patent RU No. 2261471 C1 (G06F 11/22, G05B 23/00, published September 27, 2005, Bull. No. 27).

The technical implementation of the claimed method of forming tests is illustrated in figure 1 and figure 2.

Figure 1 shows the structural diagram of an automated control and diagnostic installation (for which the formed tests are intended), connected to samples of electronic devices of the corresponding type of electronic equipment according to the design documentation.

Figure 2 explains the features of the mutual arrangement of the mounting surface of the breadboard with ERE and the video camera, as well as the principle of protection (shielding) from the influence of spurious emissions on the formation of the reference images of the CEA product.

The installation of figure 1, used for the formation of diagnostic tests according to the claimed method, is similar in composition to the installations for monitoring and diagnostics of CEA products, in which subsequently formed tests should be used, and includes:

- breadboard 1 with the installed ERE of the corresponding type according to the design documentation of a sample of the CEA product for which tests are formed;

- a set of sources of 2 input test signals (including power sources), the outputs of which are connected to the ERE on the breadboard 1;

- a set of meters 3 parameters of electrical response signals;

- a computer 4 of the control and diagnostic installation, the code output of which is connected to the control inputs of the sources 2 of the input test signals, and the inputs are connected to the code outputs of the meters 3 of the parameters of the electrical response signals and to the output of the digital infrared video camera 5;

- a digital infrared video camera 5, mounted above the breadboard with ERE 1 (see figure 2) using a removable casing (tube) 6, which protects the breadboard with ERE 1 from external radiation, and also provides the installation of the lens of a digital video camera 5 at a distance of "H" so that the breadboard 1 with the ERE installed on it (integrated circuits, transistors, resistors, diodes, etc.) is completely in the shooting field "α" of the lens of the infrared video camera 5.

A set of sources 2 and a set of meters 3 is necessary to simulate the real mode of operation of the ERE as part of the REA scheme according to the passport data of the ERE.

After preparing the installation of figure 1, taking into account figure 2 to work and connecting each next ERE on the breadboard 1 according to the passport data of the ERE receive a reference thermal image (in the infrared range) ERE 1.

The resulting image is identified by the type of ERE and recorded in the database. A digital drawing of a general view of the REA (object of control) is placed in the database. In each position of the REA drawing, an ERE drawing is depicted, which is replaced by its thermal image from the database. As a result of the sequences of replacing all the ERE images in the digital drawing of the REA (control object) with digital thermal portraits of these EREs, a synthesized digital thermal reference thermal portrait of the REA (control object) is obtained.

For each combination of input test signals, using the mathematical model of REA, the activated EREs are determined as part of the REA scheme, their positions in the drawing and a reference thermal portrait of REA is formed for each input test combination.

The formation of diagnostic tests according to the claimed method using the installation of figure 1 taking into account figure 2 is performed cyclically. At the same time, operations are performed in the following order:

1) entering into the computer database 4 mathematical models of the electronic electronic devices (control object), a mathematical model of the electronic electronic devices and a general-purpose digital drawing of electronic electronic devices containing positional images of each electronic electronic devices and a designation identifying this type of electronic electronic devices located in the corresponding position of the digital electronic devices design;

2) based on the mathematical model of the CEA (control object) as a whole, taking into account the mathematical models of the ERE and the parameters of the operating modes for the ERE according to the passport data, the parameters of the input test signals from the sources are simulated 2, the parameters of the standard output signals of the response of the REA as a whole are determined and the positions of the activated EREs are determined for each test combination;

3) serviceable samples of the ERE of each type included in the REA (control object) are installed on the mounting (breadboard) board, included according to the passport data, the necessary signals are supplied to the ERE from sources 2 (according to the standard operation of the ERE as part of the REA) and previously considered the method receives reference thermal portraits for each characteristic state of ERE;

4) reference digital thermal portraits of ERE are entered into the installation computer database;

5) display on the monitor of the installation computer a digital drawing of REA (previously entered into the database);

6) for each position of the ERE on the image of the drawing of the general view of the REA (displayed on the screen), based on the identification data of the type of ERE, thermal portraits of the given ERE are extracted from the database and the design images of the ERE for this position of the drawing of the REA are replaced with these thermal portraits;

7) repeat positions 5 and 6 until all design images of the ERE are replaced with their thermal portraits (to the last position on the REA drawing);

8) place the generated reference digital thermal portrait of CEA for each combination of input tests in the computer memory;

9) continue steps 6, 7 and 8 until all the combinations of input control tests are enumerated, after which the control and diagnostic tests will be fully formed and suitable for diagnosing malfunctions of full-scale REA samples (similar to the method closest to the analogue).

Formed by the claimed method control diagnostic tests are used as follows.

A control and diagnostic unit is assembled in a composition similar to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, only as a product 1, a full-scale sample of CEA is used, which is subject to monitoring and diagnosis.

Using the sources of input signals 2, the inputs of the CEA 1 product are fed with combinations of input test signals with parameters obtained previously from the results of the formation of control tests based on mathematical modeling of the CEA circuit. Using meters 3, the parameters of the response signals from the outputs of the REA 1 product are measured and compared (using software in computer 4) with the parameters of the standard response signals (obtained during the formation of control tests using the mathematical model of the REA circuit). In case of coincidence of the measured parameters of the response signals of the REA 1 product with the reference parameters (from the computer database 4), the REA 1 product is qualified as serviceable. In case of mismatch of at least one of the response signals with the reference signal, the CEA 1 product is qualified as faulty and proceed to the diagnosis of malfunctions.

When diagnosing malfunctions (as well as when using tests generated by the method closest to the analogue), a combination of input test signals is supplied from sources 2 to the CEA 1 product, which revealed a malfunction during control. Using a digital infrared video camera 5, a thermal portrait of the malfunctioning state of the CEA 1 product is obtained. The obtained thermal portrait (visually on the monitor and using the digital image processing program) is compared with the reference digital portrait of the CEA 1 product for the same combination of input test signals.

As a result of the comparison, the positions of the ERE in the composition of the thermal portrait of the REA measured using an infrared video camera 5, in which the thermal portrait of the ERE does not coincide with the reference image, are revealed. These ERE are faulty.

Formed by the claimed method control and diagnostic tests provide the same completeness and reliability of the monitoring of operability and diagnostics of malfunctions of the electronic components in the REA, as well as tests formed by the method - the closest analogue.

Thus, the implementation of the claimed technical effect has been proved, namely, the formation of control and diagnostic tests for diagnosing CEE malfunctions on the basis of reference thermal portraits obtained by synthesizing thermal portraits of individual EREs (without using full-scale samples of obviously operational REA - objects of control).

Thanks to the claimed method, the cost of developing diagnostic tests is significantly reduced. Thermal portraits of ERE are formed and recorded in the database once and used repeatedly for all types of REA, which include these types of ERE.

Another positive result is the expansion of the scope of application of control and diagnostic facilities and diagnostic methods that were previously unavailable during the formation of tests according to the known method (in the early stages of design - during the control of prototypes of CEA, during the development of production of new types of CEA, during military repair of CEA from composition of arms and military equipment, etc.).

The technical implementation of the installation of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, used to formulate tests by the claimed method, is provided using standard commercially available technical means known from the prior art and similar to those used in the implementation of the prototype method. Moreover, for the formation of tests, an installation of the same composition is used as for subsequent monitoring and diagnostics of samples of the CEA product using tests generated by the claimed method (as well as the same composition as for implementing the known method).

As a breadboard, a circuit board is used, made of the same material as the CEA - the object of control (for example, foil fiberglass). To obtain reference thermal portraits of ERE, obviously known operational ERE of those types are used that are specified in the specification of REA - the object of control.

As sources of 2 input test electrical signals, program-controlled power sources, generators of parallel code combinations of signals, program-controlled pulse generators, signal generators of a special form, programmable high-frequency signal generators and other program-controlled devices known from the prior art can be used ( similar to those used in the implementation of the method - the closest analogue) and providing a simulation of real input signals in accordance with the requirements of the technical conditions for this type of ERE of the controlled product 1.

As meters 3 of the parameters of the response signals from the outputs of the ERE 1 (depending on the type of CEA product being monitored), logic analyzers known from the prior art, digital oscilloscopes, spectrum analyzers and other measuring instruments (similar to those used for these purposes when implementing the method - the closest analogue can be used) and metrological and operational characteristics that meet the technical requirements for this type of controlled product).

As the computer 4 as part of the device, figure 1, can be used typical serial personal computers equipped with the necessary interfaces for connecting sources 2 input test signals, meters 3 parameters of the response signals and infrared video camera 5, which have the necessary speed and memory size.

As a digital infrared video camera 5, samples of serial infrared digital video cameras can be used, similar to those used in industrial thermal imagers and other devices of similar purpose with a resolution that provides reliable images (thermal portraits) of the smallest ERE sizes (resistors, transistors, diodes, integrated circuits) at a distance of "H" from the surface of the breadboard with ERE 1 according to figure 2. The minimum value of the distance “H” should be chosen so that the smallest transverse dimension of the ERE on the product surface corresponds to several gradations of resolution of the infrared video camera, i.e. reliable observation of EREs of minimum dimensions would be ensured.

The casing (tube) 6 for accommodating the digital video camera 5 can be made in the simplest case of cutting a metal sheet with the formation of a structure in the form of a hollow pyramid (see figure 2) with the lens of the infrared video camera 5 at the top of the tube 6, as shown in FIG. .2. The lower size of the tube 6 should be such that it covers the entire surface of the controlled product 1 with the ERE located on it.

As an infrared video camera 5, serial digital infrared video cameras with the necessary sensitivity, resolution and an interface for connecting to a computer 4 can be used. Examples of such infrared video cameras are, in particular, VOCORDNetCam infrared cameras of the L and H series (supplier in Russia: ZAO Vokord Telecom), a Micro Vista-NIR infrared video camera (supplier in Russia: SEDATEK LLC), etc., with a resolution of at least 1280 × 1024 pixels (which allows digital thermal portraits to be obtained exactly small ERE).

The principle of obtaining infrared images (thermal portraits) of products is known from the prior art and is widely used in thermal imagers for various purposes (see, for example, “Non-Destructive Testing and Diagnostics.” Reference: Edited by VV Klyuyev - M .: Mechanical Engineering , 2005, p. 537 ... 543).

Thus, the claimed method of forming tests provides the previously indicated technical effect to eliminate the disadvantages of the known method and is implemented on the basis of standard technical means known from the prior art.

Claims (1)

A method for generating control and diagnostic tests for monitoring the health and diagnosing malfunctions of electronic equipment (CEA) using control and diagnostic facilities, including generating a combination of input electrical test signals and parameters of reference response signals to input combinations of test signals, as well as generating reference thermal portraits of working conditions the control object for each combination of input test signals, characterized in that the formation of Control tests are carried out using a mathematical model of the control object, built on the basis of the circuit of the electrical principle control object, mathematical models of electric radio elements (ERE) and parameters of electrical signals for passport operating modes of the ERE by simulating the parameters of the input test signals and determining the parameters of the reference output response signals of the REA as a whole and determining the position of activated ERE for each test combination, and the formation of reference thermal portraits of REA products - The control object is produced by synthesizing thermal portraits of the electronic electronic devices of the corresponding types and placing them in the digital image of the electronic electronic devices drawing at the appropriate positions. In order to receive thermal digital images of electronic electronic devices, serviceable electronic samples are placed on the breadboard one by one and included in accordance with their passport data using digital infrared video cameras receive digital thermal images of each ERE, put the resulting reference thermal portraits in the computer database of the installation used for the forms tests, and then use the obtained thermal portraits of the ERE for the formation of reference digital thermal portraits of the REA based on the digital design drawing of the general view of the REA, the object of control, introduced into the memory.

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