RU2440561C1 - Apparatus for stationary collection of water in ocean bottom layer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus for stationary collection of water in the ocean bottom layer has a ballast weight on which a water collection chamber is mounted, a pipe made in form of a reinforced hose and connected with the water collection chamber, a buoy to which the top end of the pipe is attached through a sleeve nut, floats and a flexible hose which freely passes through the opening in the float and connected to the buoy. An annular magnet is mounted in the float, and inside the flexible hose there is a cylindrical magnet which is tightly fit to the walls of the house, where the axial magnetic field of the cylindrical magnet is opposite the field of the annular magnet.

EFFECT: invention enables to regularly monitor physical and chemical properties of water at any depth at stationary points with constancy of all collection conditions with low expenses.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to ocean monitoring, environmental control (scientific research) of the ocean environment.

The well-known "Method of sampling contaminated water at a sunken object", which consists in filling at a depth in the place of control of the vessel (1).

This method is extremely expensive and does not allow observations at great depths.

Based on the set of essential features, the prototype of the proposed device may be a device for sampling deep samples described in (2). It contains a water intake chamber connected to the pipeline. However, the known device is intended for a single study and its use for long regular observations is difficult.

The purpose of this proposal is the possibility of regular monitoring of the physical and chemical properties of water at any depths at stationary points with the constancy of all selection conditions. Control is low cost.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known device containing a water intake chamber connected to the pipeline, the water intake chamber is mounted on a ballast weight, the pipeline is made in the form of a reinforced hose, the upper end of which is attached to the buoyancy with a central hole connected to the opposite side buoyancy with a flexible hose passing freely through the hole of the float, in which an annular magnet is fixed, and inside the hose there is a cylindrical magnet, snug conductive to the walls of the hose, the axial magnetic field which is opposite to the ring magnet field.

In addition, in the proposed device, buoyancy is fixed in the center of the ring, the diameter of which is not less than the distance between the surface of the ocean and buoyancy, inside which a controlled mechanical latch is installed, electrically connected to a hydroacoustic receiver fixed to buoyancy, and fixing a cylindrical magnet at the moment of touching the buoyancy float, and the flexible hose has a snap ring at the top, which is also a flange for attaching a compressor to it.

The listed differences are associated with the tasks as follows. Fastening the intake chamber to the ballast weight allows you to create a stationary observation point at the selected object. The execution of the pipeline in the form of a reinforced hose fixed to buoyancy creates reliable conditions for the existence of an observation point in conditions of frequent stormy weather, high-speed currents, and even the movement of ice and other objects above the observation site. A flexible hose float, magnets, etc. serve the same purposes.

The possibility of practical implementation.

In the drawing - figure 1 - shows the observation point at the bottom of the ocean, created in accordance with the proposal, and the work on it of the vessel when sampling. In the drawing - figure 2 - a more detailed design of the device and its condition in the idle position.

A device for stationary water extraction in the bottom layer of the ocean contains: ballast weight - 1, a water intake chamber fixed to it, 2 connected to a reinforced hose - 3, fixed to buoyancy - 4, which is located in the center of the ring - 5. It leaves the upper part of buoyancy a flexible hose - 6, which freely passes through the central hole of the float - 7 and is delayed by a flange - 8. In addition to the mentioned elements, Fig. 1 shows the bottom - 9, the ocean surface - 10, the sampling vessel - 11, the container for sampled water - 12, pilot port on the ship - 13.

Figure 2 shows in more detail the design of the device for selection in the standby position at the bottom. In addition to the elements already listed, the device contains a union nut - 14, which secures the reinforced hose - 3 to buoyancy - 4. In the float - 7 in the central hole through which the flexible hose - 6 passes, an annular magnet - 15 is fixed, the polarity of which (pole N, S) the reverse polarity of the cylindrical magnet - 16, located inside the flexible hose - 6. The cylindrical magnet is mounted on the shank - 17, with an opening, which includes a controlled mechanical latch - 18 when the magnet moves in the buoyancy hole - 4. Mechanical Lye is electrically coupled to a hydroacoustic receiver - 19.

A device for stationary water withdrawal is installed at the desired point in the ocean using a winch, on which a reinforced hose - 3 is pre-wound, the length of which is 15-20 m shorter than the depth at the setting point. This creates calm conditions for submerged buoyancy at any wave surface. A water intake chamber - 2 is fixed to the ballast weight - 1 and the load is leveled over the entire length of the reinforced hose - 3 before installing it on the object that needs to be controlled. If necessary, the installation of the intake chamber and ballast weight is monitored using video cameras. In special cases, a water intake chamber is installed on a controlled object using an inhabited underwater vehicle.

The upper end of the reinforced hose - 3 is intercepted by the clamp and the union nut - 14 is screwed onto the buoyancy - 4. The connecting sleeve (not shown) of the flexible hose - 6 is inserted into the hole of the float - 7 and screwed into the upper hole of the buoyancy - 4, the float is placed on buoyancy . Next, a cylindrical magnet - 16 is inserted into the upper hole of the flexible hose, at the end of which a flange - 8 is fixed. Flange - 8 is connected to a compressor, the pressure of which pushes the magnet into the buoyancy hole - 4 until the latch - 17 penetrates into the shank hole - 18. All the bundle is carried overboard and lowered by a crane until the buoyancy deepens to a depth determined by the length of the reinforced hose - 3. Usually, 15-20 meters of a flexible hose is enough for flange - 8 to be on the deck of the installation vessel during this operation.

To check the system’s operability and to take the first water sample from the controlled object, the flange - 8 is inserted through the pilot port - 13 into the inside of the vessel and lowered below the waterline. Submit a sonar command to release the shank - 17 magnets. In this case, the float - 7 pops up, since its lifting force interacting through the magnetic fields of the ring - 15 and cylindrical - 16 magnets is quite sufficient to support the weight of the cylindrical magnet and ensure its progress through the flexible hose. At the same time, the interaction force of the magnetic fields of the ring and cylindrical magnets should be sufficient to overcome the lifting force of the float - 4. The latter is lifted aboard the vessel, dragging it along the hose - 6, remove the flange - 8 and remove the flexible hose - 6 from the hole of the float .

During this operation, a cylindrical magnet - 16 is removed from the end of the hose, since it follows the ring magnet - 15, fixed in the hole of the float. Next, the flange is installed in place, the compressor is connected and turned on for vacuum. Water overcomes several meters of ascent and descent through the portport. Now the flange can be disconnected from the compressor and the water will gravity drain into a container - 12. Of course, this water should be drained overboard for some time, since it will not be bottom water. The flow rate of water at a position of the flange below the waterline by 2-3 meters will be 0.5-1 m / s and from a depth of, for example, 2 km, water will have to be drained for about an hour, then the water for analysis will go. Of course, the process can be significantly accelerated by using a compressor.

After a test selection of water, a cylindrical magnet is inserted into the upper end of the flexible hose, the hose is pulled through the hole of the float and carried overboard, the flange is connected to the compressor and turned on for pumping.

A cylindrical magnet - 16 carries the float down due to interaction with the ring magnet - 15. When the float reaches flooded buoyancy - 4 latch - 18 is activated and the float is fixed on buoyancy.

Throughout the entire time of the mentioned operations, the feed crane does not disconnect from buoyancy, insuring a possible malfunction in the system, then the crane gives buoyancy, a flexible hose - 6 is thrown overboard and occupies a position in the water, shown in figure 2. The ring - 5 prevents it from being wrapped around the reinforced hose - 3. The water sampling device is ready for the next visit to the control point.

When arriving at a point from the vessel, a hydroacoustic signal is supplied to release the magnet shank with a latch, the float floats, it is lifted aboard along with the hose, and then all operations of the first sample are repeated.

Information sources

1. Patent of Russia No. 2215278.

2. Patent of Russia No. 2315277.

Claims (2)

1. A device for stationary extraction of water in the bottom layer of the ocean, containing a water intake chamber with a check valve, connected to the pipeline, characterized in that the water intake chamber is mounted on a ballast weight, the pipeline is made in the form of a reinforced hose, the upper end of which is attached to the nut buoyancy with a central hole connected on the opposite side of the buoyancy with a flexible hose passing freely through the hole of the float, in which an annular magnet is fixed, and inside the hose there is a cylindrical magnet tightly adjacent to the walls of the hose, the axial magnetic field of which is opposite to the field of the ring magnet. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a controlled mechanical latch is installed inside the buoyancy, which is connected electrically to a hydroacoustic receiver mounted on the buoyancy, and fixing a cylindrical magnet at the moment of touching the buoyancy float.

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