RU2440544C1 - Deceleration method of barrel of fire arms during shooting and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: method consists in discharge of some part of propellant gases from the barrel channel to chamber and compression of propellant gases in the chamber during barrel recoil with the piston connected to the barrel. In subsequent discharge of gases from the chamber, which is simultaneous to compression, as well as in discharge of propellant gases from the chamber to additional chamber during barrel recoil and from additional chamber to the chamber during the barrel run-up. Device includes the chamber formed with fixed cylinder and movable piston relative to the cylinder, which is connected to the barrel arranged in the cylinder cavity. Device includes gas line for gas discharge from the chamber and gas line with a valve. Gas line with a valve is provided in the barrel wall for discharge of some part of propellant gases from the barrel channel. Device includes additional chamber formed with additional fixed cylinder and additional movable piston relative to additional cylinder. Additional piston is connected to the barrel arranged in the cavity of additional cylinder. Device includes at least one gas line for discharge of propellant gases from the chamber to additional chamber and back.

EFFECT: increasing the uniformity of recoil forces and eliminating the bump of the barrel against the box in front position.

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Description

The group of inventions relates to military equipment and can be used to slow down the rollback and roll of a barrel of a firearm when fired.

A known method of braking the rollback of a barrel of a firearm (RU 2294507 C1, F41A 25/00, publ. 27.02.07), adopted as a prototype. The method consists in withdrawing part of the propellant gases from the barrel channel into the chamber, compressing them in the chamber during the barrel rollback by a piston connected to the barrel, and simultaneously gradually compressing the propellant gases from the chamber.

The disadvantage of this method is that it provides uniform pressure in the chamber during the rollback of the barrel and, as a consequence, uniform recoil force only when a large part of the propellant gases is removed from the barrel, since the gases are released from the chamber into the external environment irretrievably. At the same time, the ballistic characteristics of the weapon change significantly. With a decrease in part of the propellant gases discharged from the barrel, the uniformity of pressure in the chamber is insufficient. Both factors reduce the effectiveness of firearms.

This method is carried out in a device known from the same source of information, comprising a chamber formed by a fixed cylinder and a piston movable relative to the cylinder and connected to a movable barrel located in the cylinder cavity. The device has a gas pipeline made in the wall of the barrel with a valve for removing part of the propellant gases from the barrel channel into the chamber, as well as a gas pipeline for discharging gases from the chamber. The described device is taken as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the device for the reasons mentioned above is that it not only does not stabilize the pressure in the chamber and thereby ensure uniform recoil force, but also does not exclude the impact of the barrel on the duct in the forward position, since the vacuum formed in the chamber during roll of the trunk, creates a weak braking force on the trunk. In addition, the vacuum in the chamber contributes to the clogging of the device and the formation of condensate in it, which leads to instability of its operation.

The group of inventions solves the problem of increasing the effectiveness of firearms.

The proposed group of inventions is aimed at achieving a technical result, which consists in increasing the uniformity of the recoil force with decreasing part of the propellant gases discharged from the barrel, with the exception of hitting the barrel against the duct in the forward position and providing excessive pressure in the chamber during both rollback and rollback of the barrel.

To obtain the specified technical result in the method of braking a barrel of a firearm during a shot consisting in the removal of part of the propellant gases into the chamber from the barrel channel, compressing them in the chamber during the barrel recoil by a piston connected to the barrel, and also simultaneously compressing the gradual release of gases from the chamber , it is new that gases from the chamber are diverted to the additional chamber during the rollback of the barrel and from the additional chamber to the chamber during the rolling of the barrel.

Gases from the additional chamber can be gradually released into the external environment.

To obtain the specified technical result in a device for braking a barrel of a firearm containing a chamber formed by a fixed cylinder and a piston movable relative to the cylinder, connected to a barrel located in the cylinder cavity, a gas pipeline with a valve made in the barrel wall to divert part of the propellant gases from the barrel channel to the chamber, as well as the gas pipeline for discharging gases from the chamber, it is new that the device is equipped with an additional chamber formed by a stationary additional cylinder and movable relative to the additional cylinder, an additional piston associated with the barrel located in the cavity of the additional cylinder, in addition, the device is equipped with at least one gas pipe for venting gases from the chamber to the additional chamber and vice versa.

The additional chamber may be provided with at least one gas pipeline for the release of gases.

A gas line for discharging gases from an additional chamber may be provided with a valve.

An additional piston can be fixed to the barrel rigidly.

The removal of gases into the additional chamber allows you to move the excess part of the gases from the chamber to the additional chamber, which increases the uniformity of the recoil force. The return of gases from the additional chamber to the chamber makes it possible to compensate for the lack of gases in the chamber and thereby stabilize the pressure in the chamber with a smaller part of the propellant gases discharged from the barrel, and in addition to ensure excessive pressure in the chamber both during the rollback and the barrel roll. The release of gases from the additional chamber into the external environment allows us to ensure smooth braking of the barrel during rolling and shock-free arrival of the barrel in the front position.

Technical solutions with features distinguishing the claimed solution from the prototype are not known and do not follow explicitly from the prior art. This allows us to assume that the claimed group of inventions is new and has an inventive step.

The proposed group of inventions is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows the state of the device for braking the barrel of a firearm during the filling of the chamber and the additional chamber with propellant gases during firing.

Figure 2 shows the state of the device for braking the barrel of a firearm during the rollback of the barrel.

Figure 3 shows the state of the device for braking the barrel of a firearm in the process of rolling the barrel.

The proposed method is implemented using a device for braking the barrel of a firearm.

The device comprises a chamber 1, formed by a cylinder 2, rigidly connected to the box 3 and movable relative to the cylinder by a piston 4, rigidly mounted on the barrel 5. A movable barrel 5 is placed in the cavity of the cylinder 2 and box 3. The box 3 is rigidly mounted on the support 6. In the wall of the barrel 5, a gas pipeline 7 is made for discharging part of the propellant gases from the barrel channel into the chamber 1. The gas pipeline 7 is provided with a valve 8. A gas pipe 9 is placed in the piston 4 for discharging gases from the chamber 1. The gas pipeline 9 is provided with a valve 10. An additional chamber 11 is formed by an additional cylinder 12, tightly connected to the box 3, and movable relative to the additional cylinder 12, an additional piston 13, rigidly mounted on the barrel 5. The chamber 1 is connected to the additional chamber 11 by a gas pipe 14. The additional camera 11 has a gas pipe 15 for the release of gases.

The device operates as follows.

Before each shot, the barrel 5 is in the forward position, providing uniformity of the initial parameters of the state of the gases in the chamber 1 and the additional chamber 11. The propellant gases generated during the shot push the projectile forward and the barrel 5 back. Through the gas pipeline 7 and valve 8, part of the propellant gas enters the chamber 1 and through the gas pipeline 14 to the additional chamber 11. The value of the recoil force on the support 6 at the beginning of the rollback of barrel 5 is determined by the difference in the forces acting on cylinder 2 and additional cylinder 12. Having acquired barrel 5 during the shot, significant kinetic energy continues to move backward, overcoming the resistance force determined by the difference in the forces acting on the piston 4 and the additional piston 13. Moreover, the kinetic energy of the barrel 5 is accumulated by gases as a result they are compressed by the piston 4 in the chamber 1. Simultaneously with the compression, the gases are discharged through the gas pipeline 9 and the valve 10 into the external environment, through the gas pipeline 14 are discharged into the additional chamber 11 and gradually released into the external medium through the gas pipeline 15. If the pressure of the gases in the chamber 1 falls below the pressure in the additional chamber 11, the gases flow back from the additional chamber 11 into the chamber 1, ensuring uniformity of the recoil force.

When the barrel 5 rolls over, gases from the additional chamber 11 are gradually released through the gas pipeline 15, providing a smooth arrival of the barrel in the forward position. In addition, the gases from the additional chamber 11 through the gas pipeline 14 enter the chamber 1, providing in it excess pressure with respect to the external environment.

Thus, the application of the proposed group of inventions allows to ensure uniformity of the recoil force with a decrease in the part of the propellant gases discharged from the barrel, to eliminate impacts of the barrel on the duct in the forward position and to provide excessive pressure in the chamber during both rollback and rollback of the barrel.

Claims (6)

1. The method of braking a barrel of a firearm during firing, consisting in the removal of part of the propellant gases into the chamber from the bore, compression of the propellant gases in the chamber during the barrel recoil by a piston connected to the barrel, and simultaneous compression of the gradual release of propellant gases from the chamber, characterized in that propellant gases from the chamber are diverted to the additional chamber during the rollback of the barrel and from the additional chamber to the chamber during the rollback of the barrel. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the propellant gases are gradually released from the additional chamber. 3. A device for braking a barrel of a firearm, comprising a chamber formed by a fixed cylinder and a piston movable relative to the cylinder and connected to a barrel located in the cylinder cavity, a gas pipeline with a valve made in the barrel wall to divert part of the propellant gases from the barrel to the chamber, and a gas pipeline for discharging gases from the chamber, characterized in that the device is provided with an additional chamber formed by a fixed additional cylinder and movable relative to the additional cylinder An additional piston is connected to the barrel located in the cavity of the additional cylinder; in addition, the device is equipped with at least one gas pipeline for venting gases from the chamber to the additional chamber and vice versa. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the additional chamber is equipped with at least one gas pipeline for the release of propellant gases. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one gas pipeline for discharging propellant gases from the additional chamber is equipped with a valve. 6. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the additional piston is fixed to the barrel rigidly.

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