RU2439221C1 - Textile fibrous material with bioprotective properties - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textiles, paper. ^ SUBSTANCE: material comprises a biologically active polyester fiber obtained by modification of a fiber during crasing. Bioactive polyester fiber has a linear density of not less than 0.33 tex, and the linear density of natural and / or chemical fiber is 0.33-0.51 of its linear density, with the following components content: natural and / or chemical fiber - 70-95 wt %, biologically active polyester fiber - 5-30 wt %. ^ EFFECT: increased bioprotective properties with significant reduction of consumption of biologically active polyester fiber. ^ 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the textile industry, namely to the field of production and processing of textile fibrous materials with functional properties.

The severity of the global problem of the technogenic deterioration of the environmental situation on Earth and the harmful effects on humans of its consequences markedly increased in the 21st century, making the tasks of its local attenuation urgent. Over the past decade, the safety of the human environment has significantly decreased in the world. As a result, the quality of life has deteriorated sharply. There is a widespread deterioration of the ecological and immunological characteristics of the environment, technological disasters, environmental pollution by human waste and so on.

A sharp deterioration in safety performance in the human environment is a strategic risk. The forecast for the medium and long term shows the possibility of a synergistic effort of these risks. In these conditions, it becomes relevant to minimize the harmful effects on humans of the effects of environmental degradation. Since textile products are widespread in the human environment, it is advisable to give them protective properties. For real human protection, it is necessary to create new textile materials with desired properties.

The simplest modern way to obtain textile materials with multifunctional bioprotective properties is to use for their production various raw compositions of modified chemical fibers with antimicrobial, odorized, repellent and other properties. Creating a wide range of modern chemical fibers, including modified polyester fibers with protective properties, is relevant.

The functionality of textile materials is one of the main directions of the innovation process in the textile industry. Leading manufacturers endow textile materials with new essential properties.

Currently, the market for textile fibrous materials is expanding using modified chemical fibers that have protective antibacterial, antimicrobial, fungicidal, repellent and other bioprotective properties.

Known antibacterial textile fibrous material based on cotton, or linen, or silk, or wool, including a silver-containing component chemically attached to a textile fibrous material (see patent RU No. 2350356, 03/27/2009, A61L 2/16).

However, the technology for producing known material cannot be used for synthetic fibers.

Known antibacterial textile fibrous material based on cotton, linen, wool, leather, artificial and synthetic fibers, with attached to it from 0.2 to 1.5 wt.% Nanosized (1-100 nm) silver particles (see US patent No. 6979491, 12/27/2005, 428-361).

A disadvantage of the known material is the low bond strength of nanosized particles of metallic silver with the material, which does not allow reuse of textile material.

Known fibrous material containing antibacterial and antifungal agents, including heterocyclic organic compounds containing copper, zinc and silver ions by the ion exchange mechanism (see US patent No. 5888526, 03/30/1999).

A disadvantage of the known fibrous material is the rather complex and costly technology of its production.

Antimicrobial chemical fibers on the market are represented by a number of companies under the trademarks Livefresh, Trevira ™ Bioactive, nano Silver Skinlife and others. Trevira GmbH proposes to introduce 50-100% antimicrobial polyester fibers of the same linear density with standard fibers into textile materials.

Closest to the claimed textile fibrous material is a textile material containing polyester antimicrobial fiber in an amount of 33-50% with a linear density of 0.17 tex, with a cutting length of 35-38 mm and cotton fiber of the same linear density and length. This material is used for the manufacture of yarn, fabric and knitwear with antimicrobial properties. The protective properties of a textile material with a different attachment of polyester antimicrobial fiber showed that the level of biological activity of the material is higher, the higher the content of polyester antimicrobial (BAPE) fiber in it (see N. Gorodnicheva “Study of the specific properties of textile carriers with antimicrobial PE fibers. "Polymer composites and tribology. Materials of the International scientific and technical conference. Gomel, 2009. From 62-64).

A disadvantage of the known textile material is the irrational consumption (high investment rate) of expensive polyester antimicrobial fiber.

The development objective is to obtain a textile fibrous material with high bioprotective properties and with low cost.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to enhance the bioprotective properties of textile fibrous material while significantly reducing the consumption of expensive biologically active polyester fiber.

This technical result is achieved due to the proposed textile fibrous material with bioprotective properties based on natural and / or chemical fibers, including biologically active polyester fiber obtained by modifying the fiber during crazing, with a linear density of at least 0.33 tex, and a linear density of natural and / or chemical fiber is 0.33-0.51 of its linear density in the following components, wt.%:

Natural and / or chemical fiber 70-95

Biologically active polyester fiber 5-30;

textile fibrous material is made in the form of yarn, fabric, knitwear or non-woven fabric.

A textile fibrous material containing a biologically active polyester fiber (BAPE fiber) exhibits bioprotective properties: antimicrobial or fungicidal, or repellent, depending on which biologically active substance modifies this fiber during crazing.

As a natural fiber, the material contains cotton or linen, or wool, as a chemical standard fiber - polyester or polyamide, or polyacrylonitrile, or viscose fiber.

The proposed material includes BAPE fiber, obtained by modifying the fiber, for example, triclosan or permethrin, in the process of crazing with a linear density of at least 0.33 tex. The known technology is based on the fundamental property of polymers to develop nanoporosity in the process of orientational drawing of polymers in special liquid media. Under these conditions, in the polymer, in the process of fiber formation, a system of interconnected nanopores (crazes) appears, filled with the surrounding liquid. With further stretching, the resulting microvoids are closed (collapsed). Modification of the polyester fiber by the crazing mechanism can be classified as nanotechnology, since the sizes of crazes in the fibers are of the order of tens of nanometers. The threshold thickness of craze-forming polyester fibers lies in the range of linear densities 0.12-0.17 tex.

A standard polyester fiber is obtained by extrusion of fiber preforms followed by orientation drawing, heat treatment, and other standard operations.

The saturation of polyester fibers with target additives - biologically active substances, occurs when the fibers are wetted in the process of orientational drawing in a surface-active liquid with biologically active substances dissolved in it.

With orientational drawing in the fiber, a system of interconnected crazes (nanopores) is formed, filled with a biologically active substance. In the obtained biologically active polyester fiber, the biologically active substance is located in the outer layer at a depth of not more than 1-1.2 μm and occupies less than 10% of the total fiber cross-section at the surface and therefore the BAPE fiber obtained by modification during crazing works more efficiently .

A method of producing synthetic fibers by introducing micropores of biologically active substances into the system is described in the patents (see US patent No. 5516473, IPC B29C 055/04, 1996; Patent BY No. 11260, D06M 11/00, 10.30.2008).

The proposed textile fibrous material prevents the growth of bacteria, fungi and other microorganisms or repels blood-sucking insects, or acts against viruses, etc. Textile fibrous material is used for the manufacture of textile products for clothing for power structures, the Ministry of Emergencies, for medicine, for special clothing in the oil and gas industry. , forestry, construction and other industries, as well as for active sports and at home.

The proposed content of the components and the ratio of the linear densities of the biologically active polyester fiber and the basic standard natural and / or chemical fibers in the material according to the invention allows to achieve a technical result, namely, to enhance bioprotective properties while significantly reducing the consumption of expensive biologically active polyester fiber. A change in the content of components and the ratio of the linear densities of the fibers in the direction of decreasing or increasing leads to a weakening of bioprotective properties.

The proposed content of the components of the textile fibrous material is determined by the stability of the technological processes of its processing and preservation, high bioprotective properties during its operation.

Textile fibrous material with bioprotective properties is made in the form of yarn, fabric, knitwear or non-woven fabric.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Textile fibrous material is prepared according to traditional technology. We used two types of BAFE fiber with a linear density of at least 0.33 tex and a length of 35-90 mm, modified during the crazing process with triclosan (see table, examples 1, 3, 5, 7) and permethrin (see table, examples 2, 4, 6, 8).

According to the physical and mechanical characteristics, the biologically active polyester fiber (BAPE) complies with GOST 10435-94.

To reduce the electrification of BAPE, the fiber was treated with an avivazy preparation at the rate of 0.3% by weight of the fiber and subjected to aging for 24 hours. Natural fibers were treated with an EM-2 wetting agent TU 2484-053-17695829-2000, a flow rate of 20 g / liter, and chemical fibers and BAPE fiber were treated with an antistatic agent - Trackan A, TU 2484-039-17965829-99, flow rate 50 g / liter. Then the fibers were mixed and scratched. The process of carding experimental mixtures proceeded satisfactorily. The phenomenon of electrification of fibers was not observed. Received textile fibrous material in the form of a comb or carding tape.

The production of yarn or non-woven material, or fabric from the obtained fibrous material was carried out according to classical technology, without complications.

Microbiological studies of the proposed textile fibrous material with bioprotective properties were carried out at the State center for dressings, sutures and polymeric materials of the A.V. Institute of Surgery Vishnevsky Rosmedtehnologii ", Appendix A.

Samples were tested using the Staphylococcu epidermidis culture according to the “Guidelines for the laboratory assessment of the antimicrobial activity of textile materials containing antimicrobial agents”, USSR Ministry of Health.

The stability of the bioprotective properties of the material during heat-moisture treatment (washing) was determined by recording the width of the zone of growth inhibition of microorganisms around the sample placed in a nutrient medium.

The proposed material has been reused, without violating bioprotective properties. The material meets the basic requirements, namely it preserves bioprotective properties, withstanding more than 50 washes during operation.

The results of bioprotective properties of examples 1-8 are shown in the table, example 7-8 is given for the prototype.

When testing the samples of the proposed material for antimicrobial activity, high activity against microorganisms, gram-positive microflora (St. epidermidis) was obtained, high activity against Escherichia coli (E. Coli) was achieved with a significant reduction in the consumption of BAFE fiber (see table).

To assess the repellent properties of the proposed textile material, the “Methods for determining the effectiveness of insecticides, acaricides, development regulators and repellents used in medical pest control” MU No. 3.5.2-1759-03 are taken as the basis. Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. M., 2004., pp 3.4.2, 4.15.

According to the methodology of MU 3.5.2.1759-03 p. 3.4.2, 4.15. A comparative study of the repellency of samples of textile material containing BAPE fiber modified with permethrin against rat fleas of Xenopsylla cheopis was carried out. The proposed material has a high repellency, CODE - 92.7% with a reduction in consumption of BAPE almost doubled.

The development and development of the production of a new textile fibrous material with bioprotective properties and an assortment of textile products based on it meets international standards and has a high consumer demand.

Table Examples p / p The ratio of components, wt.% Lanein. fiber density, tex and ratio Modifying drug Antimicrobial activity, strain, zone
growth retardation H, mm Fungicidal activity, strain, growth retardation zone H, mm Repellent activity, CODE repellent action code,%. one PE fiber standard - 95 (0.33) St.er (10)
E.coli (6) Candida albicans (6) BAPE fiber - 5 1.0 (0.33) triclosan - 2 PE fiber standard - 95
BAPE (0.33) fiber - 5 1.0 (0.33) permethrin - - (72) 3 Cotton - 70
BAPE 0.17 St.er (28)
E.coli (14) Candida albicans (12) fiber - 30 0.33 (0.51) triclosan - four Cotton - 70
BAPE 0.17 fiber - 30 0.33 (0.51) permethrin - - (92.7) 5 PE fiber standard - 85 BAPE 0.33 St.er (22)
E.coli (10) Candida albicans (10) fiber - 15 0.64 (0.51) triclosan - 6 PE fiber standard - 85 BAPE 0.33 fiber - 15 0.64 (0.51) permethrin - - (82) 7 Cotton - 50
BAPE 0.17 St.er (11)
E.coli (10) Candida albicans (9) fiber - 50 0.17 (1: 1) triclosan - 8 Cotton - 50
BAPE 0.17 fiber - 50 0.17 (1: 1) permethrin - - (fifty)

Claims (2)

1. A textile fibrous material with bioprotective properties based on natural and / or chemical fiber, including biologically active polyester fiber obtained by modifying the fiber during crazing, with a linear density of at least 0.33 tex, and a linear density of natural and / or chemical fiber is 0.33-0.51 of its linear density in the following components, wt.%:
natural and / or chemical fiber 70-95
biologically active polyester fiber 5-30 2. The textile fibrous material according to claim 1 is made in the form of yarn, fabric, knitwear or non-woven fabric.