RU2437641C1 - Method of fabricating clothing absorbing element and clothing absorbing element made thereby - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to method of producing absorbing elements 21 of pants-type clothing and to said absorbing element 55. Proposed method comprises formation of continuous multicomponent process web 22. Note here that said web 22 comprises intermediate zone 2, first and second lateral zones 3 and 4. Note also that every said lateral zone includes edge zone 6 and 7 extending along edge 8, 9 of process web 22, and cutting separate clothing articles 21 from said web. Formation of process web 22 comprises the following jobs: feeding first elastic web (24), stretching first elastic web (24) by 35-250%, intermittent laying of absorbing cores (33) in intermediate zone (2) of process web (22), feeding continuous web (23) of water permeable material and covering absorbing cores by the latter, securing first elastic web (24) to continuous web (23) of water permeable material in first lateral zone (3) of process web (22). Note here that first elastic web (24) is superimposed on process web (22) prior to or after superimposing continuous web (23) of water permeable material. ^ EFFECT: disposal pants-type article with strong joints between article separate parts. ^ 31 cl, 6 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a method for the continuous production of absorbent articles of clothing, the method includes the formation of a continuous multicomponent technological fabric and cutting individual items of clothing from the technological fabric. The invention also relates to an absorbent article of clothing that can be made in accordance with this method.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Absorbent garments, in particular absorbent garments such as disposable underpants, include a panty-shaped base structure and an absorbent core component continuously integrated with the base portion. When creating garments such as underpants, the main goal is to make them look like ordinary underwear as much as possible. For this reason, the base of the garment usually contains material that lends itself to elastic stretching in at least areas intended to be “overlaid” over the wearer's thighs. In addition, absorbent articles of clothing, such as diaper pants, hygiene pants and panties used for incontinence, are designed to fit comfortably and snugly against the wearer, and it is desirable that they have a minimum number of seams and joints that could cause discomfort such as rubbing.

In addition, absorbent garments such as panties had to be pulled up and pulled down the user's hips like a pair of panties in order to allow the wearer or caregiver to easily remove the stained garment and replace it with a new clean item clothes. A particular problem associated with garments such as panties is that seams and joints extending in a direction parallel to the waist edge of the garment can be torn when the wearer or caregiver pulls on the garment. To avoid this problem, it is necessary to ensure that the joints between the various parts of the garment such as disposable underpants are strong enough to withstand the forces arising during normal use. However, strong joints and joints are usually obtained by increasing the bonding zone and / or by using more bonding materials or more stringent bonding conditions, which leads to more rigid and more inconvenient joints.

An additional requirement for disposable garments, which is of particular importance, is to enable the manufacture of a garment by means of a cost-effective technological process, including as few technological operations and components as possible.

Therefore, there is a continuing need for an improved method for manufacturing an absorbent garment such as a panty having a base portion including one or more elastic stretchable components.

Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide a simple and economical method for manufacturing an absorbent garment, such as a pant-like garment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In accordance with the invention, a method for the continuous manufacture of absorbent garments, comprising the formation of a continuous multicomponent technological fabric, the technological fabric has an intermediate zone extending in the direction of movement, and the first and second side zones on each side of the intermediate zone, each side zone includes an edge zone extending along the edge of the fabric; and cutting individual garments from the fabric.

The formation of the technological web includes the following operations:

a) feeding the first elastic web in the direction of travel;

b) stretching the first elastic web by 35-250% in the direction of travel;

c) periodically laying absorbent cores in the intermediate zone of the fabric;

d) supplying a continuous web of liquid-permeable material in the direction of travel and covering the absorbent cores with a continuous web of liquid-permeable material, wherein the continuous web of liquid-permeable material has a width of at least corresponding to the width of the process web between the edge zones;

f) attaching the first elastic web to the continuous web of liquid-permeable material in the first side zone of the process web, wherein the first elastic web is applied to the fabric before or after the application of the continuous web of liquid-permeable material.

The operations of the method can be performed in any order, provided that the continuous web of liquid-permeable material forms an internal liquid-permeable surface in the assembled absorbent garment.

The method according to the invention is a highly economical and efficient method of manufacturing absorbent disposable garments. Ready-made garments in accordance with the invention have a predetermined appearance with a soft continuous inner layer in contact with the body and an outer surface, which, if desired, can be a layer of non-woven material or elastic film. The method provides the ability to use a minimum number of layers of materials and components that must be connected to each other, resulting in reduced manufacturing time of the product, as well as production costs.

The term “absorbent article of clothing” as used herein refers to all kinds of absorbent hygiene articles of clothing that are worn like a pair of underpants and which have a waist opening and two leg openings. Garments in accordance with the invention include panty diapers and diapers of the disclosed type for all types of users, as well as absorbent hygiene pants intended for protection and use in incontinence in women.

In this context, an elastic material is defined as a material having a residual elongation after relaxation of less than 10% after subjecting the material to an elongation of 30% in the elasticity test described hereinafter.

An inelastic material is a material that does not fall within the definition of an elastic material. Accordingly, the inelastic material in the sense used here is a material that may be extensible or inextensible. In the case of stretchable material, the material has a residual elongation after stretching and relaxation of more than 10% after subjecting the material to elongation of 30%, as determined in accordance with the elasticity test.

The elastic web can be attached to a continuous web of liquid-permeable material by bonding, or can be attached to a continuous web of liquid-permeable material by heat bonding or ultrasonic welding.

The connection obtained by heat bonding or ultrasonic welding can be made in the form of separate bonded elements, such as points of point bonding or places of linear bonding, or can be made in the form of a continuous bonding pattern. By choosing a bonding configuration in the form of rarely distributed points of bonding, it is possible to provide higher flexibility of the resulting laminate than by configuring from bonding locations occupying most of the contact surface between the bonded layers.

The method in accordance with the invention may further include the following operations:

f) feeding the second elastic web in the direction of travel;

g) stretching the second elastic web by 35-250% in the direction of travel; and

h) attaching a second elastic web by lamination to a continuous web of liquid-permeable material in a second side zone of the web.

The elastic web or webs may be an elastic film, an elastic non-woven material or an elastic laminate comprising at least one elastic film and / or an elastic non-woven material. Elastic webs can form elastic waist panels and elastic front and back panels in a finished absorbent garment such as underpants. In one embodiment, the elastic web is a laminate of an elastic film and a nonwoven layer, and the elastic web is attached to a continuous web of liquid-permeable material with an elastic film facing a continuous web of liquid-permeable material.

The elastic material that was previously used to form elastic panels in absorbent garments, such as diapers such as underpants, is a laminate containing an elastic film located between two layers of inelastic non-woven material. To give the laminate the ability to stretch elastically, it is subjected to an activating treatment. A three-layer activated laminate is disclosed in international patent application WO 03/047488. An activated laminate is obtained by stretching a layer of elastic film with a defined pitch between two inelastic fabric-like layers. Stepwise stretching is accomplished by passing a laminate between two engaged gear rollers. The activation of elastic laminates through stepwise stretching is also disclosed in US Pat. a layer of elastic film. In a three-layer laminate according to WO 03/047488, the inelastic layers are completely torn, so that the elasticity of the activated laminate is essentially the same as the elasticity of the elastic film layer.

Open laminates have excellent comfort properties and are soft, breathable and flexible. Unfortunately, the activation process leads to a decrease in tensile strength and a decrease in the puncture resistance of the material, so that when it is used as a component of the base part in a disposable garment such as underpants, the material is easily torn when exposed to forces arising from putting on or removing a garment of the type cowards. In order to increase the tensile strength of the activated laminate and to eliminate the tearing problem, it was proposed in PCT / SE2006 / 000563 to attach a two-layer laminate comprising a layer of nonwoven material and a layer of elastic film activated by stretching to the second reinforcing layer of the nonwoven material when the two-layer laminate is in the stretched condition.

For the purposes of the invention, it is also possible to use stretch-bonded elastic laminates containing an elastic film or a web of elastic non-woven material that (was) was attached (attached) to at least one inelastic layer, while during the bonding operation the elastic layer has been stretched in at least one direction.

Another type of elastic laminates that can be used in the method according to the invention include “neck-bonded” laminates, which are laminates in which the elastic material was attached to an inelastic material at a time when the inelastic the material was stretched under conditions causing a decrease in its width. The laminated fastened laminate is a composite material having at least two layers, in which one layer is a narrowed, inelastic layer, and the other layer is an elastic layer.

The elastic film used to make the elastic laminates may be made of any suitable elastic polymer, natural or synthetic. One example of an elastic film, which has been proven to provide good elasticity and breathability, is a three-layer elastomeric film with holes made with a composition of polyethylene - a copolymer of styrene and ethylene / butadiene with alternating blocks - polyethylene (PE-SEBS-PE).

The elastic web or webs used in the method according to the invention may consist of a layer of fibrous material and an elastic layer. The fibrous layer is preferably selected so that it gives the laminate a soft feeling and the appearance and feel of a fabric-like material. Examples of suitable materials are meltblown webs, spunbond nonwovens and creped nonwovens. Crepe nonwovens tend to have greater extensibility and flexibility than non-creped nonwovens. When using creped non-woven material, the laminate will be more pliable and stretchable than is possible when using non-creped non-woven material.

The surface density [mass 1 m ² ] of the nonwoven fabric used in the elastic laminate is suitably from 10 to 80 g / m ² and preferably from 10 to 30 g / m ² . Examples of suitable polymers used in the fibrous material are polyesters, polyethylene, polypropylene and other polyolefin homopolymers and copolymers. Natural fibers, such as cotton, can also be used, provided that they provide the desired properties. A mixture of polymers can contribute to higher flexibility of the nonwoven layer and give the nonwoven material greater elongation at maximum load. It has been proven that a mixture of polyethylene and polypropylene provides good results in this regard. However, nonwoven materials having mixtures of different fibers can also be used.

The elastic layer is preferably an elastic film with holes. The elastic layer may have a surface density of from 10 to 120 g / m ² , preferably from 15 to 60 g / m ² . The elastic layer may be made of any suitable elastic polymer, natural or synthetic. Some examples of suitable materials for the elastic layer are low crystallinity polyethylene, metallocene-catalyzed low crystallinity polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers, polyurethane, polyisoprene, butadiene and styrene copolymers, styrene block copolymers such as styrene and isoprene copolymers alternating blocks (SIS), a styrene butadiene copolymer with alternating blocks (SBS), or a block alternating styrene-ethylene / butadiene block copolymer. Mixtures of these polymers can also be used, as well as other modifying elastomeric or non-elastomeric materials. One example of a suitable elastic film is a three-layer elastomeric film with holes made with a composition of polyethylene - a copolymer of styrene and ethylene / butadiene with alternating blocks - polyethylene (PE-SEBS-PE).

According to the invention, a continuous web of liquid-permeable material forms a reinforcing layer for an elastic web. Therefore, it is possible to use an elastic two-layer laminate or layer of an elastic film instead of three-layer laminates of the prior art to give elasticity to an absorbent garment. An elastic two-layer laminate can be manufactured and activated in accordance with any of the two methods disclosed in documents WO 03/047488 or EP 0715351, by applying a nonwoven fabric web on one side of the film. The nonwoven web and film can be bonded by extrusion or can be bonded by glue. The laminate is subjected to stepwise stretching to activate the elasticity of the film layer. Stepwise stretching can be performed to a level that is less than the relative elongation of the nonwoven fabric at maximum load, to maintain some strength of the nonwoven fabric. Alternatively, the stretching can be performed so that the nonwoven material is completely torn, as disclosed in document WO 03/047488.

When attaching a two-layer, stretch-activated laminate by lamination to a continuous web of liquid-permeable material, the two-layer laminate is preferably attached to the continuous web of liquid-permeable material so that the film side of the laminate faces the continuous web of liquid-permeable material. Thus, a three-layer laminate is created having a smooth surface on the side where the two-layer laminate is located, and a slightly wrinkled, wrinkled surface on the opposite side, where a continuous web of liquid-permeable material is located. In this way, an absorbent article of clothing is obtained having a smooth surface in contact with any clothing worn over the absorbent article of clothing. The smooth surface of the laminate is aesthetically attractive and will be less noticeable when wearing an absorbent article under thin or tight-fitting garments.

Before attaching the elastic web to the continuous web of liquid-permeable material by lamination, the elastic web is stretched, preferably in the direction of travel, or the machine direction MD, by 35-250% of its original length in the unstretched state and held in the extended state during the lamination operation. By selecting and adjusting the degree of stretching, the selected elasticity of the final product can be obtained. The elastic web is preferably stretched to 35-180% of its length in the unstretched state, more preferably 50-150% of its length in the unstretched state, and most preferably 70-120% of its length in the unstretched state during lamination with a continuous web of liquid-permeable material.

The degree of stretching of the elastic web is set as a percentage of the initial length of the laminate in the unstretched state in the direction of stretching. Accordingly, a laminate having a first length in an unstretched state of 1 m and subjected to stretching by 50% has a second length in a stretched state of 1.5 m.

The elastic web can be attached by gluing to a continuous web of liquid-permeable material. Alternatively, the elastic web can be attached to a continuous web of liquid-permeable material by heat bonding or ultrasonic welding. The connection obtained by thermal bonding or ultrasonic welding can be made in the form of separate bonding points, such as spot bonding points or linear bonding points. By choosing a joint configuration in the form of rarely distributed points of point bonding, it is possible to obtain a material having higher flexibility and better fit than by bonding pattern, which occupies most of the contact surface between the bonded layers.

The main advantage of the method according to the invention is that it is possible to use a single layer of an elastic material, such as an elastic film, or a two-layer laminate from a film and non-woven material and to obtain, however, a sufficiently strong elastic panel in a finished absorbent garment. When using a two-layer laminate of film and non-woven material and placing it so that a layer of non-woven material will be on the outside of the absorbent garment, the appearance of the garment as a whole will be such as the appearance of underpants made of textile material with soft and comfortable inner and outer surfaces. Elimination of the material layer in the garment provides significant material savings and corresponding savings in production costs.

The method in accordance with the invention preferably includes applying a liquid-impermeable material on one surface of each absorbent core.

The absorbent core can be attached to a web of liquid-impermeable material, in this case, the liquid-impervious web is cut between the cores into core components comprising an absorbent core and a liquid-impermeable barrier layer. Alternatively, cores are attached to a web of liquid-impermeable material, which is subsequently introduced into the process web without cutting off individual components with cores from the web.

Components with cores are moved to the fabric and placed on the fabric, with the liquid-impermeable barrier layer facing down on the fabric. Depending on how the cores are oriented during attachment of the liquid-tight material to the web, it may be necessary to flip and / or rotate the core components so that they are included in the process web with liquid-tight barrier layers facing away from the continuous web liquid-permeable material, and with cores superimposed so that the longitudinal direction of the cores coincides with the transverse direction of the fabric. The liquid impermeable barrier layer should have a width that is less than the width of the continuous web of liquid permeable material. Accordingly, the liquid-impermeable barrier layer should not extend all the way to the edges of the fabric and preferably should have the same extent in the transverse direction CD of the fabric as the cores or the length in the transverse direction CD of the fabric only slightly greater than the length of the cores in the transverse CD direction of the fabric. The extent of the liquid barrier barrier in the transverse direction CD can preferably be greater than the length of the cores in the transverse direction of the CD by not more than 4 cm.

Alternatively, a liquid-impervious material may be attached to the fabric before attaching absorbent cores to the fabric.

Components with cores may include additional elements, such as additional material of the top sheet, which may be a fluid-receiving material, elements for moving liquids, elastic elements, shape-stabilizing elements, shape-forming elements, or the like. The components included in the components with the cores can be connected to each other in the usual way, for example by bonding, ultrasonic welding or heat sealing.

The method according to the invention may further include attaching one or more elastic elements for the legs to the fabric. Elastic foot elements can be applied to a continuous web of liquid-permeable material. An additional option is to apply elastic elements for the legs to a separate carrier material, which is then included in the fabric.

The elastic element for the legs can be applied by any known method and through the use of any known and commonly used elastic materials. One example of a suitable method for accommodating leg elastic members is disclosed in WO 2004/078083. When applying the elastic element for the legs so that it extends from edge to edge of the cores, it may be preferable to deactivate parts of the elastic element or elements extending over the cores. Deactivation can be performed by any known method, for example, by treating the elastic elements with chemicals or heat treatment or by simply cutting the elastic elements.

The method in accordance with the invention preferably also includes placing an elastic belt along at least one of the edges of the fabric. The belt may be formed by securing discrete or continuous elastic elements along at least one edge of a continuous fabric of liquid-permeable material and optionally covering the elastic elements with a non-woven fabric, which may be a bent portion of a continuous fabric of liquid-permeable material or a separate strip of non-woven material.

Alternatively, the elastic belt may be attached to the fabric as a separate component that has been prefabricated or which is fabricated in line with the fabric.

The elastic belt is preferably continuously attached to the fabric or located on the fabric and may comprise an elastic tape of any suitable type of material, such as elastic laminates, strips of elastic foam material, elastic non-woven materials, non-elastic materials that have been elasticized by elastic threads or narrow strips, etc. A widely used elastic belt is made by securing elastic elements, such as threads, ribbons or narrow strips, in a pre-tensioned state between two layers of non-woven inelastic material. All commonly used elastic materials can be used, including natural or synthetic rubber, flexible foam, etc. A belt of this type may include two separate layers of nonwoven material, or may contain one layer of nonwoven material that is folded to form a two-layer structural element.

Preferably, the elastic waistband includes a portion of a continuous web of liquid-permeable material. The advantage of using a continuous web of liquid-permeable material when forming a belt is that the number of stiff and uncomfortable seams and joints can be reduced, which makes the garment look and feel soft and fitted. It is particularly preferable to place the belt so that the inner surface of the hygienic garment is smooth without any bumps potentially causing rubbing.

The elastic belt may include one or more components of the fabric, such as the first continuous fabric of liquid-permeable material. In these embodiments, the elastic belt may include an edge portion of the elastic or inelastic portion of the fabric. In a particularly preferred embodiment, an elastic belt is formed by attaching elastic elements to the edge of the first continuous web of liquid-permeable material and then folding the continuous web of liquid-permeable material to cover the elastic elements. In addition, there is the possibility of attaching elastic elements to the edge of the technological web and leaving the elastic elements unclosed or closed by a separate web. If the elastic waist includes an elastic web located at the edge of the first continuous web of liquid-permeable material, the elastic web can be bent to create an edge portion having a greater elastic pulling force compared to an unbent portion of the web portion including only one elastic canvas. If desired, the folded elastic web can be supplemented with additional elastic elements.

The method in accordance with the invention may further include any conventional process steps used in forming cowards, such as one or more of the following operations:

a) imposing upward barriers;

b) cutting the fabric to form leg openings;

c) folding of the fabric;

d) the imposition of fastening elements on the technological sheet;

e) the formation of side joints in the folded web, and

f) separating individual absorbent articles of clothing such as shorts from the fabric by cutting in the area of the side joints.

Overhanging barriers are commonly used in diapers and similar absorbent garments. Barriers are attached to the inner surface of an absorbent garment and are often made of hydrophobic non-woven material. Overhanging barriers are often elasticized to hold the barriers in a raised position.

As an alternative to the formation of side connections, the method may include attaching fastening elements to the fabric or to separate separate absorbent garments.

The invention also provides an absorbent garment comprising a base structure comprising a front panel having a front end edge and first and second side edges, a rear panel having a rear end edge and first and second side edges, and a crotch panel between the front and rear panels, and the elasticized front and rear waist panels located along the front and rear end edges of the front and rear panels, and the core component combined with the base structure and forming an integral part of the absorbent garment, the base structure includes a liquid-permeable material having a side facing the garment and facing the user and forming a liquid-permeable surface layer in the garment. The liquid-permeable material extends continuously between the front end edge and the rear end edge, and at least one of the front panel and the rear panel contains an elastic web that is attached to the liquid permeable material, while the elastic web is stretched by 35-250% in at least one direction.

The elastic web in the front and rear panels preferably extends from the waist edges all the way to the leg openings of the garment.

In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, the liquid permeable material forms part of one or both of the elasticized front and rear waist panels.

An elastic web can be attached to each of the front panel and rear panel, while the garment has a gap between the elastic web in the crotch panel (58).

The absorbent article of clothing may be a pantyhose article of clothing having first and second side edges of a front panel attached via edge connections to respective first and second side edges of a rear panel.

The elastic waist panels of an absorbent article of clothing in accordance with the invention may comprise elastic elements that are attached to a liquid-permeable material or from the outer side of the liquid-permeable material of the garment, or from the inside of the liquid-permeable material of the user. Liquid-permeable material can be bent to close elastic elements and can be fixed in a bent configuration by means of glue, thermal bonding or ultrasonic welding. Elastic waist panels may comprise a portion of at least one elastic web.

According to the invention, the absorbent article of clothing has a reinforcing element, which is a continuous inner liquid-permeable surface layer or top sheet. The continuous inner surface layer is preferably inelastic and preferably contains a layer of nonwoven material. Suitable materials include non-woven materials obtained by melt centrifugation, melt aerodynamics and carding. The materials can be obtained by thermal bonding, hydro-entangling, needle-piercing, bonding through air jets through or bonded with a binder material as desired. The use of a continuous inner layer in the garment reduces the risk of tearing of seams and joints between other components in the garment and the risk of tearing materials that have a low tensile strength, such as stretch activated elastic segments, when donning the garment. In addition, the seams and joints between components that are covered with continuous material can be made less durable, resulting in reduced welding time in the process. In addition, when it becomes necessary to use less stringent bonding conditions and less overlap between materials, the seams and joints can be made softer and less rigid than in conventional absorbent garments, which implies that the fit and comfort of the garment will be improved without the risk of tearing or breaking the garment into pieces during manufacture and handling.

A smooth and continuous inner surface is also preferred due to the fact that it increases the comfort for the wearer and reduces the risk of rubbing and skin irritation. However, it is within the scope of the invention to place one or both of the elastic webs on the inside of the absorbent garment.

The garment may be a pant-type garment having first and second side edges of the front panel connected by edge connections to the corresponding first and second side edges of the rear panel. Alternatively, the garment may be a garment of the type disclosed, which is provided with fastening elements that are used to fasten the front and rear panels of the garment together when donning it to the wearer.

Elastic waist panels may contain elastic elements that are attached to a liquid-permeable material. The elastic elements may be attached to the side of the garment permeable to liquids or to the side of the fluid permeable to the user. The liquid-permeable material may be bent to cover the elastic elements, or the elastic elements may not be closed or covered with a separate material.

In addition, the elastic waist panels may comprise a portion of at least one elastic web.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the following, the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings, in which:

figure 1 schematically shows a method of manufacturing absorbent garments such as underpants in accordance with the invention;

figure 2 schematically shows the manufacture of components with cores;

figure 3 shows a cross section of the fabric in accordance with the first embodiment of the invention;

figure 4 shows a cross section of the fabric in accordance with the second embodiment of the invention;

5 shows a diaper-type diaper in accordance with the invention in a flat state, and

FIG. 6 shows the diaper of FIG. 5 with closed side connections.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Figure 1 shows a method for the continuous manufacture of absorbent articles of clothing, in particular diapers such as underpants, although the diapers of the disclosed type can be made in essentially the same way. The method includes the formation of a continuous multicomponent fabric and cutting individual diapers from the fabric.

According to figure 1, the basic structure of the diaper is formed from a composite technological web 22 containing a continuous base web 23 of liquid-permeable material and the first and second elastic webs 24, 25, and the first and second waist elastic elements 30, 31. The elastic webs 24, 25 can constitute elastic films, webs of elastic nonwoven materials or elastic laminates as disclosed above.

Technological web 22 has an intermediate zone 2, extending in the direction of movement, that is, in the machine direction MD, and the first and second side zones 3, 4 on each side of the intermediate zone 2, with each side zone includes an edge zone 6, 7, extending along the edge 8, 9 of the fabric 22. The edge zones are parts of the side zones 3, 4, closest to the side edges 8, 9 of the fabric 22.

Technological web 22 is shown as having different zones 2, 3, 4 symmetrically distributed in the transverse direction CD (transverse to the machine direction), while the intermediate zone 2 is located centrally between the side zones 3, 4 and the side zones 3, 4 have an equal width. However, in other embodiments, the intermediate zone may be offset toward one of the side edges 8, 9 of the continuous base web 23, which implies that the side zones 3, 4 will have different widths.

As shown in FIG. 1, the first and second elastic webs 24, 25 are fed between two rollers 26, 27 in the machine direction MD. The elastic webs 24, 25 stretch at least in the machine direction (MD) by 35-250% of their initial length in an unstretched state. As shown in FIG. 1, stretching can be accomplished by passing the webs between a pair of rollers 26, 27 driven with different rotational speeds. By adjusting the degree of stretching, the desired elasticity can be ensured in the base part of the finished garment. The elastic webs 24, 25 preferably stretch 35-180% of their length in an unstretched state, more preferably 50-150% of their length in an unstretched state, and most preferably 70-120% of their length in an unstretched state. The elastic webs 24, 25 need not necessarily be stretched to the same extent if different elasticities are desired in different parts of the base structure. In addition, there is the possibility of using different types of elastic materials in elastic webs 24, 25.

The degree of stretching of the elastic webs 24, 25 during the formation of the technological web 22 is the main means of regulating elasticity in those parts of the technological web 22 where the elastic web 24, 25 is attached.

Stretched elastic webs 24, 25 are shown as attached by lamination to a continuous base fabric 23 in the side zones 3, 4 of the fabric after laying absorbent cores 33 on the elastic fabric 24, 25 in the intermediate zone of the fabric. Alternatively, the elastic webs 24, 25 can be attached to the continuous base fabric 23 after applying the base fabric over the absorbent cores 33, or the elastic webs 24, 25 can be attached to the continuous base fabric 23 before applying the continuous base fabric 23 over the absorbent cores 33. Correspondingly elastic webs 24, 25 can be applied to either of the two sides of the continuous base web 23. Lamination can be performed by any suitable lamination process, for example by use of a binder, by thermobonding, ultrasonic welding, etc.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the continuous base web 23 is fed in the machine direction MD and applied over the absorbent cores 33. The continuous base web 23 has a width corresponding to the width of the fabric 22. In alternative embodiments, in which the belt is added to the fabric web 22, the continuous base web 23 may have a width corresponding to the width of the technological web 22 between the edge zones 6,7.

It is preferable to use a nonwoven material having thermoplastic properties for the continuous base web 23, since the web containing the thermoplastic material can be attached to other components by heat sealing and ultrasonic welding methods. A nonwoven layer can also be used to form lateral joints with good tensile strength. The side joints are preferably tearable side joints, that is, welds that can be “torn” or torn when the garment is removed after use.

Components 32 with cores are made in a separate process, as shown in figure 2, and periodically laid on the technological canvas 22, as shown in figure 1. Components 32 with cores are placed in the intermediate zone 2 of the fabric web 22, while parts of the components 32 with cores extend into each side zone 3, 4. If desired, the components 32 with cores can be attached to a continuous base web 23 and / or to elastic webs 24 , 25 by means of glue or by any other commonly used fastening method.

Components 32 with cores can be made as shown in FIG. 2, wherein the process includes feeding a web 34 of liquid impervious material and laying absorbent cores 33 on a web of liquid impermeable material 34 and attaching the absorbent cores 33 to the web of impermeable for liquids of the material 34. The individual core components 32 are formed by cutting the web 34 of the liquid-tight material between the absorbent cores 33 at the cutting station 29. The cutting station 29 is shown as a cutting disc, but may be a cutting device of any kind. It is also possible to cut a liquid-impervious web with a shape corresponding to the shape of the absorbent core 33, or with any other suitable shape.

Before attaching the core components 32 to the fabric 22, the core components 32 are oriented so that the liquid-impermeable barrier material is facing away from the continuous fabric of the liquid-permeable material 23 in the fabric 22. In addition, the core components 32 are rotated to align with the longitudinal direction cores 33 with the transverse direction CD of the technological web 22.

Of course, the core components of FIG. 2 may contain additional elements conventional in the art. Accordingly, core components may comprise elastic elements, one or more absorbent elements, structures for treating liquids, elements for maintaining shape, etc. It should be understood that the design of the core component 32 and the absorbent core 33 is in no way limiting for the invention. Therefore, any commonly used concepts and core materials can be used in the method according to the invention. In addition, the core may have any suitable shape and size required for the intended use for which the garment is intended.

The elastic waist elements 30, 31 are attached along the edges 8, 9 of the continuous base web 23 in the edge zones 6, 7 of the fabric 22, then the elastic elements 30, 31 are closed by folding the continuous base web 23 over the elastic elements 30, 31 to form a belt along each the edges of the fabric 22. In the method shown in FIG. 1, the elastic elements 30, 31 are fixed on the side of the continuous base fabric 23, which will be the side facing the garment in the absorbent article about udders, and then the continuous base web 23 is folded from the side of the garment facing the continuous base web 23 and attached in a folded configuration to the continuous base web 23 or to the elastic webs 24, 25. Thus, the side of the continuous base web 23, which will be the side facing the body in the absorbent garment can be made smooth and without discontinuities. However, in accordance with other embodiments of the invention, the waist elastic elements can be placed on the body side of the continuous base web 23 and can be covered by a part of the continuous base web 23, which is bent towards the body side of the continuous base web 23 for obtaining a seamless surface facing the garment at the border of the belt of the garment.

In the method shown in FIG. 1, the continuous base web 23 has a width that is equal to the width of the process web 22. This is a preferred design solution, since in this case the continuous base web 23 will be the carrier web for all components in the fabric 22. In addition, a continuous base fabric 23 can be used to form a soft, comfortable and seam-free inner surface of an absorbent garment obtained from a fabric, as shown in figure 3. The absence of seams on the inner surface is preferably due to the fact that this reduces the risk of skin irritation. In any case, while minimizing the number of seams and joints in an absorbent garment, the garment becomes more flexible and provides better fit compared to garments of the prior art. The continuous base web 23 will also be a reinforcing element that reduces the risk of tearing of seams and joints between other components in the garment and the risk of tearing materials that have a low tensile strength, such as stretch-activated elastic laminates.

The elastic webs 24, 25 according to FIG. 1 are attached by lamination to a continuous base web 23 in the side zones 3, 4 of the technological web 22, but they cover only a small part of the edge zones 6, 7. This means that the belts in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 will be formed mainly from the folded parts of the continuous base web 23 and the elastic elements 30, 31 located inside the folds. Alternatively, the waist elastic member can be formed by applying elastic webs 24, 25 all the way to one or both edges 8, 9 of the fabric 22 and folding the edges of the fabric 22 to form a belt containing two layers of elastic fabric 24, 25 and possibly one and two layers of a continuous base web 23. In addition, the belt can be supplemented with additional elastic elements. An additional possibility is to create a belt at one or both edges of the fabric 22 by attaching the elastic elements to the fabric and possibly covering the elastic elements with a separate strip of non-woven material. The elastic elements 30, 31 in FIG. 1 are shown as continuous threads. However, the elastic elements can be any type of elastic material that is used to give elasticity to absorbent garments, such as elastic tapes and elastic braids containing elastic non-woven material, laminates, film, mesh, foam, etc. The waist elastic element does not have to be continuous, as in FIG. 1, but can be applied in the form of separate pieces of material attached periodically along one or both edges of the fabric 22.

The fabric may also contain elastic elements for the legs superimposed on one or more of the following elements: on a continuous base fabric 23, components with cores, elastic fabric 24, 25 or a separate carrier element. The elastic elements for the legs can be any commonly used elastic elements, such as one or more elastic threads, ribbons, etc. One suitable method for placing an elastic foot member on a fabric is disclosed in WO 2004/078083.

When the fabric 22 is completed, part 44 is cut from the fabric 22 between the core components 32 to form leg openings 45. The cuts will extend in the transverse direction of the CD in the intermediate zone and in each side zone. Thus, the elastic webs 24, 25 extend all the way to the leg openings in the finished garment 21. The fabric and the associated core components 32 are then folded centrally in the machine direction MD, and half of the fabric is joined by side seams 46 between the core components. Finally, individual diaper-panties 21 are cut from the fabric.

Side connections are often made in a garment such as underpants to connect the front of the garment to the back and to form briefs having an opening for the waist and an opening for the legs. It is usually envisaged that the side joints should be placed on the hips of the wearer during use of the absorbent pants, but it is also known to place the side joints with a shift to a greater extent towards the front of the garment. Side joints that are placed in front of the garment can be formed after cutting off individual garments from the fabric. The side joints are preferably designed so that they can withstand the tensile forces that arise when putting on and wearing a garment, but such that they can be torn or opened in a controlled manner when removing absorbent pants or to check whether the garment needs to be replaced . In the latter case, the side connections are preferably re-closable compounds, as is known in the art.

In addition, if the garment is an open-type diaper of the type that is fastened together with the formation of the shape of the panties when the diaper is put on the wearer, the method does not include the formation of side seams. Instead, the method typically involves placing fastening elements on the fabric or on clothing after they are cut from the fabric. Commonly used fasteners for openable diapers are mating fasteners in the form of hooks and loops (Velcro fasteners) or adhesive fasteners.

Figure 3 is a section of the technological fabric 22, made in the transverse direction of the CD before folding the fabric and cutting it into separate absorbent garments. Accordingly, FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section of an absorbent article of clothing, which may be a diaper-panties or hygiene pants that have not yet been folded and provided with side seams, or an absorbent article of clothing may be a diaper of the type disclosed.

When considering the components in an absorbent garment, it can be seen that the continuous base web 23 forms a liquid-permeable topsheet 78 and the front and rear elastic belts 61. The elastic web 24, 25, which are laminated to the continuous base web 23, form the front and rear panels 56, 57 of the base structure, which also includes a crotch panel 58 formed from a liquid barrier layer 34 of the core component 32. Figure 2 does not show all the various elements of the core component. The liquid barrier layer 34 may be covered by an external non-woven material of the crotch portion, which is not shown in FIGS. 3 or 4. The external non-woven material of the crotch part should be selected so that it is an inelastic material to ensure that the crotch part the garment according to the invention will be substantially inelastic.

FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section of an absorbent article of clothing similar to that of FIG. 3, but with elastic webs 24, 25 located on the inside or side of the top sheet 78 of the continuous base web 23. The elastic webs 24, 25 are also shown as extending into elastic belts 61 and forming part of belts 61. Elastic webs 24, 25 are bent in the edge parts 6, 7 of the technological web 22 to create elasticized belts 61.

The elastic webs 24, 25 are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 as extending inwardly over the absorbent core 33 of the core component 32. However, in an alternative embodiment, the elastic webs 24, 25 can be applied to the continuous base web 23 without overlapping with the absorbent core 33. Preferably, the elastic elements 24, 25 extend all the way to the cutouts 45 forming the leg openings, so that the front and the back panels of the finished absorbent garment 21 will extend all the way to the leg openings. Similarly, the elastic webs 24, 25 can extend all the way to the elastic belts 61 and into the elastic belts 61 and can even be folded together with the continuous base web 23 in the elastic belts 61. However, there is preferably a gap between the elastic webs 24, 25 in the crotch panel 58. This means that the edges of the elastic webs 24, 25, which are located farthest from the edges 8, 9 of the fabric, will be at a distance from each other. The crotch panel 58 is located in the portion of the absorbent article, which will usually be substantially inelastic due to the fact that the absorbent core is inelastic.

The method according to the invention can typically include the application and application of additional elements, such as elastic or non-elastic barriers, lotion, deodorizing agents, shaping elements, stabilizing elements, etc.

In particular, the method may include processing the continuous base web 23 so that it is formed with zones of different hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity. Hydrophobic polymeric materials are commonly used in top sheets for absorbent articles. To improve liquid permeability, materials are treated with surfactants or by modifying the surface of the materials to give them greater hydrophilicity. Preferably, the portion of the continuous base web that covers the absorbent cores is treated to give it greater hydrophilicity or less hydrophobicity compared to portions of the base web 23 that are located outside the absorbent cores. Accordingly, the more hydrophobic parts of the base web can be used to form an elastic belt and those parts of the back and front panels that do not coincide with the cores. A simple way of providing differential hydrophilicity in a continuous base web 23 is to treat a zone of the base web 23 that extends in the machine direction and has a width that is equal to the length of the absorbent cores. Alternatively, processing may be performed periodically, so that portions of the continuous base web 23 located between the absorbent cores in the machine direction MD remain untreated.

Alternatively, it is possible to use a hydrophilic base web 23 and treat areas that should be less hydrophilic or more hydrophobic with a hydrophobicity enhancing agent.

The diaper-panties 55 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 are intended to encompass the lower part of the user's torso like a regular underwear. In Fig. 5, the diaper 55 is shown from the inside, that is, from the side facing the user when wearing the garment, and in Fig. 6, the diaper is shown from the outside or from the side facing the garment, which is the side facing away from the user when wearing a diaper. In Fig. 5, the diaper is shown in a flat state with elastic elements in a stretched state, and in Fig. 6, the diaper is shown in the form that it has when worn, with partially stretched elastic elements and with closed side seams.

The diaper has a front panel 56, a rear panel 57 and a crotch panel 58 extending between the front and rear panels 56, 57 and having a relatively small width compared to the front and rear panels 56, 57. The front and rear panels 56, 57 are made so that they covered the wearer's thighs and extended over the abdomen and back of the wearer to cover the lower part of the wearer's body.

The diaper 55 further comprises a central zone 59 extending from the crotch panel 58 to the front panel 56 and the rear panel 57. The front and rear panels 56, 57 form part of the base of the diaper. The base portion 60 includes a front panel 56, a rear panel 57, a crotch panel 58, and an elastic waistband 61 located at the front and rear panels 56, 57. Each of the front and rear panels 56, 57 has a waist edge 62, a crotch edge 63, and two side edges 64.

The term “panel” is used here to indicate the delimited part of the base of the diaper having certain boundaries, while the terms “zone” and “section” are used to indicate the approximate location of a particular element of the diaper in the base part or to describe the intended location of a specific part of the diaper relative to the user's body. The panel may be formed from separate materials or may be fully or partially formed from materials that also extend into one or more adjacent panels. The zone or section may have a length in which they fully or partially cover one or more panels. The base part is defined as part of an absorbent garment such as a pant, which serves as a support for the absorbent component, and contains inner and outer covering layers, elastic elements, etc.

When the components are connected, attached, or attached to each other, they are initially individual parts that have been bonded by any suitable means, for example by adhesion adhesion, by stitching, or by ultrasonic welding or heat sealing. The term “connected” is also intended to include separable (expandable) joints, such as separable side joints and re-closable joints, such as hook and loop joints, re-bondable bands, button fasteners, etc. Components that have been stacked on top of each other need not be bonded, although it is envisaged that, as used herein, the term “spaced” also encompasses bonded configurations.

The front and rear panels 56, 57 are connected to each other along their side edges 64 by means of heat bonding, ultrasonic welding, narrow adhesive strips or the like to form side seams 65, as shown in FIG. 6. The elastic waistband 61 consists of a front waist panel 61a and a rear waist panel 61b extending respectively from the front panel 56 and the rear panel 57. The front and rear waist panels 61a, 61b are also connected to each other along the side seams 65. By connecting the front and rear panels 56, 57 and waist panels 61a, 61b along the side seams 65 of the diaper pants 55 will be formed with a hole 66 for the waist and two holes 67 for the legs.

Figure 5 shows the diaper 55 in a flat state, while any elastic components that are attached to the base part 60 in the state when they were under tensile load, are stretched to the full dimensions of the base part 60. Figure 6 shows the diaper panties 55 in the way it looks when the side seams 65 are formed and it is possible to relieve stress from the stretched elastic elements and tighten them and form folds on the material of the base part to form elastic zones of the leg openings 67 and elast fied hole zone 66 for the waist.

According to the invention, the front and rear panels 56, 57 include elastic material 68, which has been laminated to a layer of inelastic non-woven material located on the inside of the diaper. The front and rear panels 56, 57 are preferably elastic stretchable at least in the direction of the waist edges 62, but can also be elastic stretchable in the direction of the side edges 64 perpendicular to the waist edges 62. The elastic material 68 and the front and rear panels 56, 57 extend from the waist edges 62 all the way to the leg openings 67.

The crotch panel 58 is that part of the base portion that is located between the front and rear panels 56, 57 in the longitudinal direction of the diaper 55. The crotch panel contains a nonwoven material 69 of the crotch portion that has been attached to the front and rear panels 56, 57 in the crotch seams 70 Therefore, crotch material 69, which is an inelastic material, such as an inelastic nonwoven material, overlaps the elastic front and rear panels 56, 57 to a small extent. The crotch material 69 is joined along its transverse edges 71, 72 to the front and rear panels 56, 57 in overlapping portions. The connection can be made by any suitable method, for example, by means of ultrasonic welding, by means of adhesive adhesion or the like.

An extension of the central zone 59 in the plane is formed by a liquid-impermeable barrier sheet 76 located between the absorbent core 77 and the base portion 60. The liquid-impermeable barrier sheet 76 is shown as having a rectangular shape, and the absorbent core 77 has an hourglass shape. However, both the barrier sheet 76 and the absorbent core 77 may take alternative forms.

As an alternative to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, non-woven material of the crotch portion can be dispensed with. In such an embodiment, the liquid impervious barrier sheet 76 forms a crotch panel of the base portion.

A liquid-permeable topsheet 78 is located on top of the core 77 and a liquid-impermeable barrier sheet 76. The topsheet 78 forms a continuous inner surface of the diaper base portion 60 and consists of a nonwoven layer or a liquid-permeable laminate comprising a nonwoven layer. As previously discussed, in embodiments where the elastic webs 24, 25 are attached to the inner surface of the continuous liquid-permeable layer, the inner surface of the diaper base 60 includes elastic webs 24, 25 located in the front and rear panels 56, 57.

The liquid impermeable barrier sheet 76 may consist of a liquid impermeable plastic film, a sheet of nonwoven material that has been coated with a liquid barrier material, or a sheet of some other flexible material that is capable of preventing the penetration of liquids. However, it may be preferable if the liquid impermeable barrier sheet 76 is breathable, that is, allows water vapor to pass through the sheet 76.

The absorbent core 77 contains absorbent material, such as fluff pulverized pulp, tissue paper, absorbent foam, etc. The absorbent core may also contain superabsorbents, that is, polymeric materials that are capable of absorbing the fluid released by the body in an amount many times greater than their own weight, and form a hydrogel. Superabsorbents are usually supplied in particulate form, but fibers, flakes, granules and films are also possible. In addition, the absorbent core 77 may contain non-absorbent components, such as stiffening elements, shaping elements, binders, etc. Various types of fluid-receiving porous structures, such as pieces of fibrous material, open-porous foam or the like, can also be included in the core.

The absorbent core 77 can be manufactured separately and included in the core component 32, which is subsequently integrated with the base of the diaper, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The various components included in the core component can be connected to each other in the usual way, for example by adhesive adhesion, ultrasonic welding or heat sealing. The core component comprises at least an absorbent core having a barrier layer superimposed as a carrier layer on one surface of the core. Preferably, a liquid permeable layer, such as a liquid receiving layer, is superimposed on the opposite side of the core. Additional components may also be included, such as elastic elements, elements for stabilizing the shape, shaping elements or the like.

In the diaper shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the elastic waistband 61 is formed from protruding portions of a nonwoven fabric of a continuous inner topsheet at the waist edges 62. The nonwoven fabric has been elasticized by one or more elongated elastic members 73, such as elastic threads or ribbons. Elastic elements 73 were attached to the edge of the nonwoven material of the top sheet 78, after which the material of the top sheet was folded to cover the elastic elements 73 and was fastened in a folded configuration in the waist connection 74. The elastic elements 73 can be fixed on the side of the nonwoven material 78 of the top sheet , which forms the inner surface of the diaper 55, or on the opposite side. Preferably, the elastic members 73 are located on a surface that is opposite the inner surface of the diaper, so that the folded portion of the nonwoven material, when folded toward the outside of the diaper 55, “leaves” a smooth, continuous surface without any seams or edges on the inside of the diaper. Alternatively, there is the possibility of attaching elastic elements to the edge of the material 78 of the upper sheet and leaving the elastic elements open or closed by a separate sheet. In addition, the elastic waistband 61 may include sections of elastic webs located at the front and rear panels 56, 57. The elastic webs can be folded to form an edge portion having a greater elastic pulling force than a single layer elastic web. If desired, the folded elastic web can be supplemented with additional elastic elements.

The elastic elements 73 are placed in the belt 61 in a stretched state so that they are pulled together and provide for the collection of non-woven material in the folds in the belt 61, when it is possible to weaken them, as shown in Fig.6.

In an alternative, less preferred embodiment, the elastic waistband 61 may be a component that is prefabricated and attached to the outside or inside of the front and rear panels 56, 57, respectively. The waist connection 74 between the waistband 61 and the front and rear panels 56, 57 may be carried out in any suitable way, for example, by means of ultrasonic welding, heat sealing or by means of adhesive adhesion.

Elastic elements 75 are also located along the edges of the leg openings 67 and form an elastic element for the legs. The elastic elements 75 at the openings for the legs can be conventional elastic elements of any type, such as elastic threads, tapes, strips of foam material or similar elements.

The central zone 59 extends into the front and rear panels 56, 57 so that the elastic web 68 in these panels overlaps the liquid-tight barrier sheet 76 in the outer parts of the central zone 59, as seen in FIG. 5. An elastic web 68 is disposed on the side of the liquid-tight barrier sheet 76 facing the garment.

The nonwoven fabric of the continuous inner topsheet has preferably been processed so that portions of the material covering the absorbent core are more hydrophilic compared to portions of the topsheet material located outside the fluid receiving area.

The elastic fabric 68 in the front and rear panels 56, 57 preferably comprises a nonwoven fabric that is located on the outside of the diaper to create a “textile” outer surface of the diaper facing the garment. Alternatively, the elastic web may consist of an elastic film or include an elastic film that forms the outer surface of the diaper.

Elasticity test

The method allows to determine how the elastic material behaves with repeated loading and unloading cycles. The sample is stretched to a predetermined elongation and a cyclic movement from 0 to the specified predetermined elongation is performed. Target forces during loading and unloading are recorded. The residual, that is, remaining, elongation of the material from which the load is removed is measured.

A tensile tester, Lloyd LRX, with the ability to perform cyclic movements and equipped with a printer / plotter or software for presenting data, is used. A sample is prepared by cutting it with a width of 25 mm and a length that is preferably 20 mm greater than the distance between the clamps in the tensile testing apparatus.

The tensile tester is calibrated in accordance with the instructions for the device. The parameters required for the test (efforts under loading and unloading) are adjusted to the following values:

Slider Speed 500 mm / min Distance between clamps 50 mm Preload 0.05 N

The sample is placed in the clamps in accordance with the marks and ensure that the sample is centered and fixed perpendicular to the clamps. A tensile tester is started and three cycles are performed from 0 to a predetermined elongation corresponding to the largest given first load. Before the last cycle, the sample is kept in an unstressed state for 1 minute, then the residual elongation is measured by stretching the sample until a force of 0.1 N is determined, and the elongation is recorded.

An elastic material is defined as a material having a residual elongation after relaxation of less than 10% after subjecting the material to an elongation of 30% in the above test. Elongation of 30% means elongation to a length that is 30% more than the original length of the sample.

Inelastic material has a residual elongation after stretching and relaxation of more than 10%, after subjecting the material to an elongation of 30%.

Claims (31)

1. A method of manufacturing absorbent articles (21) of clothing, comprising the formation of a continuous multicomponent technological fabric (22), the technological fabric (22) having an intermediate zone (2) extending in the direction (MD) of movement, and the first and second side zone (3, 4) on each side of the intermediate zone (2), and each side zone includes an edge zone (6, 7), extending along the edge (8, 9) of the fabric (22), and cutting individual objects (21 ) clothes from technological fabric (22), characterized by That the web formation process (22) comprises the following operations:
a) periodically laying the absorbent cores (33) in the intermediate zone (2) of the fabric (22), b) supplying a continuous sheet (23) of liquid-permeable material in the direction (MD) of movement and covering the absorbent cores (33) with a continuous sheet (23) ) liquid-permeable material, wherein the continuous liquid-permeable web (23) has a width at least corresponding to the width of the process web (22) between the edge zones (6, 7) and has a first side facing the absorbent cores m (33), and the second side facing away from the absorbent cores (33), c) feeding the first elastic web (24) in the direction (MD) of movement, d) stretching the first elastic web (24) by 35-250% in the direction ( MD) movements, e) attaching the first elastic web (24) to the continuous web of liquid-permeable material (23) in the first side zone (3) of the fabric (22), the first elastic web (24) being attached to the first or second side continuous web (23) of liquid-permeable material before application or after applying a continuous web (23) of liquid-permeable material to the absorbent cores (33). 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further includes the following operations: f) feeding the second elastic web (25) in the direction (MD) of movement, g) stretching the second elastic web (25) by 35-250% in the direction (MD) displacement; and h) attaching a second elastic web (25) to a continuous web of liquid-permeable material (23) in a second side zone (4) of the web (22). 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in which the first and second elastic webs (24, 25) are attached to a continuous web of liquid-permeable material (23) with a gap located between the first and second elastic webs (24, 25) in the intermediate zone (2) of the fabric (22). 4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the continuous web of liquid-permeable material (23) is a web of non-woven material. 5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in which at least one elastic web (24, 25) contains an elastic film. 6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in which at least one elastic fabric (24, 25) contains an elastic non-woven material. 7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in which at least one elastic web (24, 25) is a laminate of an elastic film and a layer of non-woven material, and an elastic web (24, 25) is attached to a continuous web of liquid-permeable material (23) with an elastic film facing a continuous web of liquid-permeable material (23). 8. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one elastic web (24, 25) comprises an elastic laminate activated by stretching. 9. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in which at least one elastic web (24, 25) comprises an elastic laminate fastened by stretching. 10. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in which the cores (33) are at least partially coated with a liquid-impermeable material (34) from the surface of the cores (33) facing away from the continuous web (23) of the liquid-permeable material. 11. The method according to claim 10, in which the cores (33) are applied to a liquid-impermeable material (34) and attached to a liquid-impervious material (34) before connecting the cores (33) with a continuous web of liquid-permeable material (23). 12. The method according to claim 11, in which the cores (33) are turned over and / or rotated after attaching to a liquid-impermeable material (34) and transferred to a position in which they are opposite the continuous web (23) of a liquid-permeable material, and impose on a continuous web (23) of liquid-permeable material so that the longitudinal direction of the cores coincides with the transverse direction (CD) of the process web (22). 13. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in which an elastic element (53) for the legs is attached to the fabric (22). 14. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in which the technological web (22) is performed with an elastic belt (61) along at least one edge (8, 9) of the technological web (22). 15. The method according to 14, in which the elastic belt (61) contains part of a continuous web of liquid-permeable material (23). 16. The method according to 14, in which the elastic belt (61) is attached to the fabric (22) in the form of a separate component. 17. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in which at least one elastic web (24, 25) is attached by gluing to a continuous web of liquid-permeable material (23). 18. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in which at least one elastic web (24, 25) is attached by heat bonding or ultrasonic welding to a continuous web of liquid-permeable material (23). 19. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in which the process includes processing a continuous web of liquid-permeable material (23) to produce a continuous web of liquid-permeable material (23) with zones of different hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity. 20. The method according to claim 19, in which the continuous web of liquid-permeable material (23) contains a hydrophobic polymer material, and the continuous web of liquid-permeable material (23) is subjected to processing to give hydrophilicity in a selected part or parts of the continuous web of liquid-permeable material (23), coinciding with the absorbing cores (33) in the fabric (22). 21. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method further includes one or more of the following technological operations: a) applying protruding barriers, b) cutting the fabric to form leg openings, c) folding the fabric, d ) the application of fastening elements to the fabric (22), e) the formation of side joints (46) in the folded fabric and f) the separation of individual absorbent garments (21) such as underpants from the fabric by cutting in the area of the side soy Inonii (46). 22. An absorbent article (55) of panty-type clothing containing a base structure (60) comprising a front panel (56) having a front end edge (62) and first and second side edges (64), a rear panel (57) having a rear end edge (62) and first and second side edges (64), crotch panel (58) located between the front and rear panels (56, 57), elasticized front and rear waist panels (61a, 61b) located along the front and rear end edges (62) of the front and rear panels (56, 57), and a core component integrated with the base structure and forming an integral part of the absorbent garment (55), while the basic structure includes a liquid-permeable material (23) having a side facing the garment and a side facing the user and forming a liquid-permeable surface layer (78) in the object clothes, characterized in that the liquid-permeable material (23) extends continuously between the front end edge (62) and the rear end edge (62), and that at least one of the front panel (56) and the rear panel (57) contains elastic ary web (24, 25) attached to the liquid-permeable material (23) and at 35-250% stretched at least in one direction. 23. An absorbent article of clothing (55) according to claim 22, wherein the liquid-permeable material (23) forms part of one or both of the elasticized front and rear waist panels (61a, 61b). 24. An absorbent article of clothing (55) according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the elastic web (24, 25) is attached to each of the front panel (56) and the rear panel (57), while the garment has a gap between the elastic web ( 24, 25) in the crotch panel (58). 25. An absorbent article of clothing (55) according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the first and second side edges (64) of the front panel (56) are connected via edge connections (65) to the corresponding first and second side edges (64) of the rear panel ( 57). 26. An absorbent article of clothing (55) according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the elastic waist panels (61a, 61b) comprise elastic elements (30, 31) that are attached to a liquid-permeable material (23). 27. An absorbent article of clothing (55) according to claim 26, wherein the elastic elements (30, 31) are attached to the outer side of the clothing-permeable material (23) facing the garment. 28. An absorbent article of clothing (55) according to claim 26, wherein the elastic elements (30, 31) are attached to the side of the liquid-permeable material (23) facing the user. 29. An absorbent article (55) of clothing according to claim 26, wherein the liquid-permeable material (23) is bent to cover the elastic elements (30, 31) and secured in a bent configuration. 30. An absorbent article of clothing (55) according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the elastic waist panels (61a, 61b) comprise a portion of at least one elastic web (24, 25). 31. An absorbent article of clothing (55) according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the liquid-permeable material (23) is processed to give it greater hydrophilicity or less hydrophobicity in the area of the liquid-permeable material (23), which closes the absorbent core (33) than in the zone of liquid-permeable material (23), which is located outside the absorbent core (33).

Images