RU2437019C1 - Device for regulation of gas exchange of sealed vessels with environment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: device consists of case and of moveable throttle element with control element. The case consists of a nose cylinder part and of an intermediate conic and end cylinder parts. The reciprocating throttle element is installed in a cavity of the case. This element is assembled with the nose conic and end cylinder parts corresponding to a response part of internal surface of the case. Said surfaces are lap-fitted. A combined plug is split set on the end of the cylinder part of the case by means of threaded connection. The plug is made as a whole with an axially arranged guiding cylinder of less diametre with micro-metric thread on external surface. A circular channel is made in centre of the end cylinder part of the throttle element along its central axis. The channel facilitates reciprocal motion of a cylinder rod along the guiding hollow cylinder of the plug. A nut of the control element and a retainer nut fixing position of the moveable throttle element are successively screwed from the end part of the throttle element on threaded surface of the hollow directing cylinder of the plug. Two axisymmetrical recesses facilitating access to the control element are made on the end cylinder part of the case. A flange is made outside the nose part of the case and as a whole with it. The nut for joint with the connecting pipe of a back valve of the sealed vessel rests on the flange. In a circular recess of external surface of the nose cylinder part of the case there is a circular elastic packing of round section overlapping a gap between internal surface of the connecting pipe of the sealed vessel and external surface of the nose part of the cylinder part of the case. The nose cylinder part of the case enters a cavity of the back valve orifice in the sealed vessel and opens it at reaching an extreme position. Length of the nose cylinder part is equal to depth of the orifice of the back valve connecting pipe.

EFFECT: facilitation of high-accuracy metered gas exchange between sealed vessels and environment with required degree of de-pressurisation.

1 dwg

Description

The proposed device relates to the field of gas-air flow control and can be used in process control systems, in particular, to ensure dosed gas exchange of sealed volumes with the external environment.

The gas exchange regulation of pressurized volumes with the external environment can be carried out using existing designs of throttle devices that are used to control gas flow at a constant pressure drop (L.A. Zalmanzon, “Flowing Elements of Pneumatic Control and Control Devices”, USSR Academy of Sciences, 1961 , p. 7).

The urgency of the problem of precise regulation of gas exchange between pressurized volumes and the medium is based on the need for means to ensure the most smooth and controlled change in the degree of depressurization of such volumes.

A device for regulating the gas exchange of pressurized volumes with the external environment, containing a metal casing and an adjusting body (RF patent No. 02022190, IPC F16K 7/14, publ. 10/30/1994).

The disadvantages of the known device include a rather complicated implementation and insufficiently accurate regulation of gas exchange between the pressurized volume and the external environment due to the maintenance of a given degree of depressurization of the pressurized volume and the possibility of replenishing the gas concentration that decreases during operation. The disadvantage of this device is the lack of the ability to control (increase or decrease) the parameters of the hole, and therefore the degree of gas exchange of the sealed volumes with the external environment in operation, in the case when the real climatic parameters of the external environment differ from those calculated.

It is known as a prototype of the claimed device for regulating the gas exchange of sealed volumes with the external environment (RF patent No. 02066805, IPC F16K 47/14, publ. 09/20/1996), containing a metal casing and an adjusting body.

The disadvantages of the known device (throttle) include a rather complicated implementation and insufficiently accurate regulation of gas exchange between the pressurized volume and the external environment due to the maintenance of a given degree of depressurization of the pressurized volume and the possibility of replenishing the gas concentration that decreases during operation.

The objective of the proposed device is to develop a design to ensure high-precision dosed gas exchange of sealed volumes with the external environment with the required degree of depressurization.

A new technical result provided by using the proposed device is to simplify the design and more accurately control the gas exchange between the sealed volume and the external environment by maintaining a controlled and adjustable predetermined degree of depressurization of the sealed volume due to dynamic changes in the hydraulic resistance of the flow part of the throttling channel and the possibility of replenishing the decreasing during operation, gas concentration.

These tasks and a new technical result are ensured by the fact that in the known device for regulating the gas exchange of sealed volumes with an external medium containing a metal housing, a movable throttle element and an adjusting body, according to the invention, the housing consists of a nose cylindrical part, an intermediate conical and end cylindrical parts , in the cavity of the housing is installed with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the axial direction of the throttle element made also a composite cap made of a nose cone and end cylindrical parts making up the mating part of the inner surface of the body, these surfaces are ground, a combined plug is installed detachably by a threaded connection on the cylindrical part of the body, made in one piece with a coaxially arranged guide hollow cylinder of a plug of a smaller diameter, on the outer surface of which micrometric thread is made along the central axis of the end cylindrical part of the throttle element in An annular channel is made, so that it forms a cylindrical rod in the center with the possibility of its reciprocating movement along the hollow guide cylinder of the plug, from the end of the throttle element to the threaded surface of the hollow guide cylinder, a nut performing the function of the adjusting body and a lock nut fixing the position are screwed in series. movable throttle element, on the end cylindrical part of the housing two axisymmetric samples are made with access to adjustments full-time organ, outside the nose of the body in one piece, a flange is made on it, on which a nut is supported for connecting with the union of the non-return valve of the sealed volume, the nose cylindrical part of the body, in the annular recess of the outer surface of which there is an annular elastic seal of circular cross section, covering the gap between the inner the surface of the fitting of the sealed volume and the outer surface of the nose cylindrical part of the body, enters the cavity of the hole of the check valve of the sealed about the volume with the possibility of its opening when reaching the extreme position, while the length of the nasal cylindrical part of the body is equal to the depth of the hole of the fitting of the check valve.

The proposed device for regulating the gas exchange of sealed volumes with the external environment is illustrated as follows.

The drawing shows a view of the inventive device for regulating the gas exchange of sealed volumes with the environment, where:

1 - nasal cylindrical part of the composite body;

2 - conical part of the composite housing;

3 - end cylindrical part of the composite housing;

4 - throttle element;

5 - a nut of a throttle element of an adjusting body;

6 - locking nut throttle element;

7 - a stub;

8 - guide hollow cylinder;

9 - throttle element rod;

10 regulatory authority;

11 - a nut;

12 - elastic seal.

Assembly and installation of the device are carried out in the following sequence.

The plugs 7 are screwed onto the guide hollow cylinder 8 until they come into contact with the plug: the lock nut 6 and nut 5 of the throttle element of the adjusting body 10 together with the throttle element 4, while the rod 9 of the throttle element must enter the inner cavity of the guide cylinder 8 of the plug 7. In the assembled in the form of a plug 7 with a throttle element 4 and an adjusting body 10 is screwed fully against the nose cylindrical part 1 of the housing. Then, by turning clockwise (from the side of the housing end) of the nut 5, the throttle element 4 is moved to the leftmost position until it contacts the inner surface of the housing. Rotating the locking nut 6 in the same way until it contacts nut 5, the closed position of the throttle element 4 is fixed. The nose cylindrical part 1 of the housing with the elastic seal 12 put on is inserted into the opening of the non-return valve fitting of the sealed volume (not shown in the drawing). Using the nut 11, the device is finally mounted on the fitting of the non-return valve of the sealed volume.

The proposed device operates as follows.

By counterclockwise rotation of the lock nut 6, and then nut 5, the throttle element 4 opens (within the tolerance for the degree of depressurization of the sealed volume) to the position necessary for gas exchange with the environment. Rotating the locking nut 6 in the opposite direction fixes the regulated open position of the throttle element 4. Dosed gas exchange of the sealed volume with the environment occurs naturally due to the gradients of the partial and absolute gas pressures between the sealed volume and the environment. The gas is transferred from the sealed volume to the external environment and (or) in the opposite direction through the hole in the check valve of the sealed volume, the holes in the bow of the housing 1 and the annular gap between the inner surface of the conical part 2 of the housing and the outer surface of the conical part of the throttle element 4 of the device.

The regulation of the hydraulic resistance of the flow part of the throttling channel in known devices is traditionally carried out only by changing the cross-sectional area of this channel, and not its length or by joint actions, which limits the range and accuracy of regulation of gas exchange of sealed volumes with the environment.

The connection of existing designs of throttling devices to the sealed volume, containing a check valve for checking the tightness, requires the use of special transitional devices, which complicates their direct application for regulating the gas exchange of the sealed volumes with the external environment.

All this complicates the design of the throttle device designed to regulate the gas exchange of sealed volumes with the external environment, and does not provide the required degree and accuracy of this regulation.

Using the new design shown in the drawing in the claimed device allows for smooth and precise control to a predetermined degree of depressurization of the sealed volume by dynamically changing the hydraulic resistance of the flowing part of the throttling channel, depending on the cross-sectional area and length of the channel, and the possibility of replenishing the gas concentration that decreases during operation. Such regulation becomes possible through the application of the ability to reciprocate in the composite housing of the throttle component by means of an adjusting body.

In contrast to the prototype, the claimed device provides simplification of the design, more accurate regulation of gas exchange between the sealed volume and the external environment while maintaining a controlled and adjustable predetermined degree of depressurization of the sealed volume due to dynamic changes in the hydraulic resistance of the flow part of the throttling channel and the possibility of replenishing the gas concentration that decreases during operation.

The possibility of industrial implementation of the claimed invention to obtain the above technical result is confirmed by the following examples of its specific performance.

Example 1

In laboratory conditions, full-scale tests were carried out on trials of three standard sizes of adjustable throttle devices developed on the basis of the proposed design.

The housing (steel 12X18H10T) consists of a bow 1 cylindrical, intermediate conical 2 and end 3 of the cylindrical part. In the inner cavity of the intermediate conical part 2 of the housing, a throttle element 4 (steel 12XH10T) is mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the axial direction, also made up of the nose conical and end cylindrical parts that make up the counterpart of the inner surfaces of the conical and end cylindrical parts of the body. The outer surface of the conical part of the throttle element 4 and the inner surface of the conical part 2 of the housing are ground to each other. Inside the nasal cylindrical part 1 of the housing along the vertical axis, there is one through hole of circular cross section, along the central axis there is another hole of the same cross section, which ensures the communication of the cavity of the first hole with the inner cavity of the rest of the housing. On the cylindrical part 1 of the casing, a combined plug 7 (12XH10T steel) is installed from the end by means of a threaded joint, made integrally with a coaxially arranged guide hollow cylinder 8. A micrometer thread is made on the outer surface of the guide hollow cylinder 8. An annular channel is made in the throttle element 4 from the side of the cylindrical part so that it forms in the center a cylindrical rod 9, which enters the inner cavity of the guide cylinder 8 and has the possibility of reciprocating movement along its longitudinal axis. On the end part of the throttle element 4, a nut 5 of the adjusting body 10 with an internal micrometric thread is installed. The nut 7 is screwed onto the guiding hollow cylinder 8 of the plug 7, onto which the locking nut 6 is also screwed, fixing the position of the throttle element on the guiding hollow cylinder 8. On the end cylindrical part 3 of the body in a vertical plane, two axisymmetric metal samples are made along the entire length of this body part on the depth providing access for the fingers of the operator’s hand to the regulatory body 10 of the device. On the outer surface of the nose cylindrical part of the housing 1, a flange is welded on one by one, on which the nut 2 rests, which provides a threaded connection to the device with a check valve fitting of the sealed volume (not shown in the drawing). An annular recess is made on the outer surface of the nasal cylindrical part 1 of the housing, in which an elastic seal 12 (rubber ring according to OST 95 1158-73) of circular cross section is installed, covering the gap between the inner surface of the fitting of the sealed volume and the outer surface of this part of the housing. The case of the device with its nose part 1 enters the cavity of the check valve opening of the sealed volume so that it can be opened without depressurization of the sealed volume when the leftmost position is reached due to the fact that the length of the nose cylindrical part 1 of the housing is equal to the depth of the hole of the check valve union.

The results of laboratory tests are summarized in table 1.

Adjustable throttle devices have demonstrated operability, reliability and ease of use. Adjustable throttle devices of the proposed design have a wide range of regulation of the degree of depressurization of pressurized pressurized seals (from zero to the maximum allowable), which allowed to reduce the number of devices planned for release. The simplicity and manufacturability of the throttle device made it possible to reduce its cost compared to existing adjustable chokes by 25%.

Table 1 Implementation examples Regulatory authority Degree of depressurization Adjustable device settings Results Achieved one 2 3 four 5 Prototype device Made in the form of a rod connected to a throttle element It is possible to regulate only in a narrow range of values, with a sharp uncontrolled loss of tightness, which is limited by the specificity of the seat of the throttle element The ability to control dynamic resistance only by changing the flow area of the inductor The need to use an additional transition device during installation and the need to ensure sealing of the throttle element stem seat Device claimed Example 1 Made in the form of a system of rotating nuts, made in one piece with the throttle element It is possible to manually control in a wider range of values with a slight and controlled loss of the degree of depressurization The ability to control the dynamic resistance of both the bore and its length The possibility of multiple installation without an additional transitional device, the function of which is perceived by the nose cylindrical part of the body, made in one piece with a conical, without the need to seal the seat of the throttle element

Claims (1)

A device for regulating the gas exchange of pressurized volumes with the external environment, comprising a housing, a movable throttle element and an adjusting body, characterized in that the housing consists of a nose cylindrical part, an intermediate conical and end cylindrical parts, is mounted in the housing cavity with the possibility of reciprocating movement in axial direction of the throttle element, also made up of a conical nose and end cylindrical parts that make up the mating part of the inner the housing surfaces, these surfaces are ground, on the cylindrical part of the housing, an end cap is installed detachably by threaded connection, made in one piece with a coaxially arranged guide hollow cylinder of a smaller diameter, on the outer surface of which a micrometer thread is made, in the center of the end cylindrical part of the throttle element along its central axis is made an annular channel so that it forms a cylindrical rod with the possibility of reciprocating placing it along the guiding hollow cylinder of the plug, from the end part of the throttle element onto the threaded surface of the hollow guiding cylinder of the plug, the nut acting as an adjusting element and the locking nut fixing the position of the movable throttle element are screwed in successively, two axisymmetric samples are made on the end cylindrical part of the housing with the possibility of access to the regulatory body, on the outside of the bow of the body, at the same time, a flange is made with it, on which the nut rests connections to the non-return valve of the sealed volume, the nose cylindrical part of the body, in the annular recess of the outer surface of which there is an annular elastic seal of circular cross-section, covering the gap between the inner surface of the nipple of the sealed volume and the outer surface of the nose of the cylindrical part of the body, enters the cavity of the opening of the non-return valve of the sealed volume with the possibility of opening it when reaching the extreme position, while the length of the nasal cylindrical Asti is the depth of the hole nozzle check valve.