RU2435825C1 - Method to improve water stability of soils structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method consists in application of a modifier into soil - hydroxyethyl polyoxyethyleneglycol. Molecular weight of a hydrophobic unit of a modifier is 3250, with 80% of oxyethylene content.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase water stability of soil structure due to increased microphase flaking in suprapolymer humus matrix, with reduced dose of modifier application.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture and soil science, and in particular to methods of increasing the water resistance of the soil structure by introducing various substances into the soil.

A known method of increasing the water resistance of the soil structure by introducing oil bitumen [1]. It consists in treating the soil with an emulsion of petroleum bitumen.

The main disadvantage of this method is the need for high doses of petroleum bitumen - more than 10 t / ha.

A known method of increasing the water resistance of the soil structure by making peat adhesives [1]. It consists in obtaining an alkaline extract from peat, its neutralization and processing of this extract of soil.

The main disadvantage of this method is the need for high doses of peat adhesives - more than 10 t / ha.

There is a method of increasing the water resistance of the soil structure by introducing krillium - products obtained on the basis of methacrylic and acrylic acids [1].

The main disadvantage of this method is the need for a sufficiently high dose of krillium - more than 500 kg / ha.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the use of modifiers to increase the water resistance of the soil structure and increase the productivity of the method.

The technical essence of the invention lies in the fact that a modifier is introduced into the soil - ethoxylated polyoxyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of hydrophobic block 3250, containing 80% of attached hydroxyethylene, enhancing microphase separation in a suprapolymer humic matrix, which is responsible for the water resistance of the soil structure.

The problem is solved in that in the method of increasing the water resistance of the soil structure, which consists in introducing a modifier into the soil, and as a modifier, ethoxylated polyoxyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 3250 hydrophobic block containing 80% of attached hydroxyethylene is used.

The proposed method can significantly increase the efficiency of the use of modifiers to increase the water resistance of the soil structure.

The following example reveals the essence of the invention.

Example 1

To determine the water resistance used air-dry aggregates of sod-podzolic soil with a size of 4.5-5.0 mm 10 μl of water was added to the units with a dispenser. After that, the units were kept in a desiccator with a relative water vapor pressure of ~ 100% for 2 days. Then, 10 μl of a solution of ethoxylated polyoxyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of a hydrophobic block 3250 containing 80% of attached hydroxyethylene, of various dilutions, was added to each humidified unit, and kept at 100% humidity for another day.

To determine the water resistance, the soil aggregates were placed in a cassette 6 mm high, in cells with a diameter of 6 mm, to the lower part of which a wire of 1 mm diameter was attached, dividing the cell in half and supporting the soil aggregates. A cassette (8 × 8 square with 64 cells) was placed in an ultrasonic bath, which was filled with water. Determination of water resistance was carried out according to the Andrianov method when exposed to the system with ultrasound, calculating water resistance (water resistance) according to Kachinsky [2].

Recalculation from the concentration of modifier, expressed in mg / ml, to the flow rate in t / ha was carried out based on the weight of the studied aggregates, the concentration of the solutions used, the soil density of 1.2 t / m ³ and the arable layer, the water resistance of which was provided, with a depth of 25 cm .

The effect of the consumption of ethoxylated polyoxyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of a hydrophobic block 3250 containing 80% of attached hydroxyethylene on the water resistance of sod-podzolic soil aggregates.

Table 1. No. The consumption of ethoxylated polyoxyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of a hydrophobic block 3250 containing 80% of attached oxyethylene, kg / ha Water resistance of soil aggregates,% one fifteen 85 2 10 80 3 5 67 four 3 60 5 0 fifty

Water resistance of chernozem aggregates was 88-90%.

The results obtained indicate that the water resistance corresponding to the prototype occurs when 10-15 kg / ha are added.

According to a well-known decision, it is necessary to make more than 500 kg / ha.

Thus, the present invention can significantly increase the efficiency of the use of modifiers to increase the water resistance of the soil structure, reducing the required application dose, thereby increasing the productivity of the method.

Literature

1. Vershinin P.V. Soil structure and conditions for its formation. - M.: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1958, p.148 and 151.

2. Kachinsky N.A. Soil physics. 41. - M.: Higher School, 1965, p.309-312.

Claims (1)

A method of increasing the water resistance of the soil structure, which consists in introducing a modifier into the soil, characterized in that an ethoxylated polyoxyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of hydrophobic block 3250 containing 80% of attached hydroxyethylene is used as a modifier.