RU2431723C1 - Building block with lighting - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction. ^ SUBSTANCE: body of a block is formed with a matrix based on light-transparent, shock-resistant, heat-resistant and moisture-resistant material. Inside the body there is a light diode cluster. The light-transparent matrix of the body is made as spatially matt, or at least one external side of the body is made as matt. The inner volume of the body is made in the form of an optical prism limited with reflecting and/or refracting planes. ^ EFFECT: improved optical properties of the block. ^ 8 cl, 16 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of production of building materials and can be used for the manufacture of structures of products such as a building block used in the form of paving slabs and / or paving stones and / or pavers, and / or a multifaceted or spatially complex shape of the pellet.

A known construction of a building block in the form of a brick, the body of which is formed by a matrix based on transparent silicon resin. A phosphor is introduced into the block matrix with the possibility of formation of 0.5–2.0 mm air bubbles in the body volume of the casing for scattering of the light flux [1].

The advantage of the design is the emission of light at night by a brick block by luminescence, laid in paving slabs or pavers, over a laid surface.

The disadvantage is that in limiting the time of manifestation of luminescence, which is proportional to the time of accumulation of light in the phosphor. In addition, the matrix of the luminescent block has low optical properties with respect to light transmission and light emission.

The closest technical solution adopted for the prototype is the construction of a building block for highlighting sidewalks, swimming pools, paving stones and / or garden paths, the casing of which is formed by a matrix based on translucent impact-resistant, heat-resistant and moisture-resistant material, inside which an LED cluster is placed [2].

The advantage of the well-known construction of a building block is manifested in the fact that it implements new technologies in construction - stones glowing in the dark. For the production of stone, a reusable plastic mold is used for the manufacture of, for example, paving slabs.

However, the known technology and design of the luminous stone, despite the apparent simplicity of manufacturing, does not fully solve the problem of optimizing the optical properties of the matrix of the housing of the luminous building block with respect to the required transmittance and light emission due to defects in the homogenization of the matrix material and shape.

The invention is based on the technical task of increasing the service and functional properties of a building block in the form of its materialization as a luminous stone by improving the optical properties of the building block housing matrix.

The problem is solved in that in the building block with backlight, the casing of which is formed by a matrix based on translucent impact-resistant, heat-resistant and moisture-resistant material, inside which there is an LED cluster, according to the invention, the translucent matrix of the casing is made opaque or at least one outer side of the housing is frosted, while the internal volume of the housing is made in the form of an optical prism limited by reflecting and / or refracting planes, and the LED cluster complete in the form of at least one LED matrix with at least one LED.

In the building block, the outer front side of the housing has the shape of a truncated pyramid.

In the building block, the outer front side of the body is made in the form of an optical flat beam splitting mirror, with one reflecting or light-reflecting surface.

In the building block, the outer side of the body is spherical or polygonal, or oval or cylindrical.

In the building block, aerosil and / or aluminum trihydrate and / or marble chips and / or glass chips to a depth of 1 μm - 1 cm are introduced into the matrix volume or into the material of the outer front side.

In the building block, when used in the fence and / or its support, at least one of the elements of the fence and / or in one of the elements of its support is integrated with an LED cluster.

In the building block, the block diagram of the LED cluster is made in the form of three parallel-connected linear current stabilizers, each of which is connected in series with the corresponding LED matrix based on two LEDs, while a protection circuit against changing the polarity of the connection is mounted at the input of the LED cluster.

In the building block, the printed circuit board of the LED cluster in the plan has a double-sided comb-shaped or has a shape in the plan of a four-beam diagonal star.

The technical result of the new construct is manifested in a combination of improving the optical transmittance of the material of the housing matrix with a given light emission law of the LED cluster.

For a better understanding, the object is illustrated by drawings:

figure 1, 2 is a General view of the construction of a building block with backlight;

Fig.3-8 - formative construct of a building block with backlight;

Fig.9, 10 is a General view of the construction of a building block with backlight for applying the design of fences;

11, 12, 13 - a General view of the construction of a building block with backlight with optimization of the electrical block diagram of the LED cluster:

Fig. 14 is a fragment of a photoconstruct of a building block with backlight for paving a pedestrian walkway of a private house;

FIG. 15 is a fragment of an illuminated building block construct when the internal volume of the body is in the form of an optical prism bounded by reflective and / or refractive planes;

Fig is a fragment of the construct of a building block with backlight, when the internal volume of the housing is made in the form of a variety of optical prisms, in which the outer front side of the housing is made in the form of an optical flat beam splitting mirror.

The illuminated building block of FIG. 1 can be used for sidewalks, pools and / or paving stones and / or fences and / or pavers and / or dividing strips of the highway and / or runway and / or garden paths. The block housing 1 of FIGS. 1, 2 is formed by a matrix based on translucent impact-resistant, heat-resistant and moisture-resistant material. An LED cluster 2 is placed inside the housing 1. In order to improve the optical properties, the translucent matrix of the housing 1 is matted and can be made opaque with the specified light emission law, or at least one outer side 3, 4 of the housing 1 is made opaque. To improve light refraction and light transmission in the block of figure 2, the outer side 5 of the housing 1 has the shape of a truncated pyramid. The said shape of the front outer side 5 also improves the aesthetic and artistic perception of the block and increases its service properties when used in road paving clothes.

The block body 1 in plan has a shape in Fig. 3 spherical or in Figs. 4, 5, 7 polygonal or in Fig. 6 oval-shaped - boulder-shaped or in Fig. 8 cylindrical.

The mentioned forms of the housing 1 expand the technological possibilities of using a building block with backlight. For example, in FIG. 3, spherical, in FIG. 6, oval-shaped - boulder-shaped in plan can be applied not only to paving stones, but also for interior decoration of bathrooms or pools.

The shapes of the building block of FIGS. 4, 5, 7 — polygonal in plan are used primarily for sidewalk and garden clothes and pavement clothes or as facing tiles for exterior and / or facade walls of buildings and structures.

The illuminated building blocks of Fig. 8 can be used both for fence supports and for all kinds of intermediate block elements of building structures.

For volumetric matting or development of a matte surface in the building block of FIGS. 1-8, aerosil and / or aluminum trihydrate and / or marble chips can be introduced into the material of the outer front side 3, 4 depending on the requirements for the optical and / or mechanical properties / or glass chips to a depth of 1 μm - 1 cm. A depth of 1 μm - 1 cm of matting of the surface outer face has been experimentally determined to give optimal optical properties to the volume or surface of the outer face of the block depending on the materials ial matrix and power LEDs. Aerosil is a finely divided amorphous silicon dioxide SiO ₂ . Aerosil in one of the applications is used according to TU - 2168-001-14344269-03. Russia, KOVELOS firm - 73. Aluminum trihydrate Al (OH) ₃ is a translucent powdery pigment for polyester resins.

For volumetric matting of a building block with illumination or elaboration of a matte surface in the block of FIGS. 1-8, it is possible to introduce marble chips and / or glass chips to a depth of 1 μm - 1 cm into the matrix material in volume or on the external front side 3, 4. Introduction of marble chips, for example, in the form of microcalcite and / or glass chips, not only gives originality to the optical properties of the material of the matrix block. Depending on the volume percentage of marble chips and / or glass chips in the matrix material, the structural strength of the building block is significantly increased by discrete reinforcement with skeleton-forming material in the form of marble chips and / or glass chips. In this case, an increase in the structural strength of the building block is facilitated by an increase in the surface tension coefficient in the surface layers of the front sides of the block.

The use of the building block with illumination of FIGS. 9, 10 in various designs of the enclosure 6, 7 of the block structure — FIG. 9 or combined — of FIG. 10 and / or in their support 8, 9 gives an original design to the landscape. In the enclosure 6, at least at least one of the block elements 10 of the enclosure 6 and / or one of the elements 11 of its support 8 has LED clusters 12, 13. In the enclosure 7, at least one of the block elements 14 of the enclosure 7 and / or one of Elements 15 of its support 9 are integrated LED clusters 16, 17.

It is advisable to give originality to the landscape may be the use of building blocks with lighting: for the manufacture of heads 18, 19; for the manufacture of supports 6, 7 fences using LED clusters 20, 21.

Technologically, depending on the customer's requirements for the light transmittance, scattering or reflection of light in a building block with backlight, a polymer, for example, based on the class of polyester resins or, for example, Polylite 32032 standard UP resin, is used as a translucent shockproof, heat-resistant, and moisture-resistant material. -00 - orthophthalic polyester with low viscosity and reactivity modified with acrylic [3]. They can also be used as matrix material for building blocks with backlight polyurethane or impact-resistant glass, depending on the use, for example, for cladding plates, pools, all kinds of crafts.

In the building block with the illumination of FIGS. 11, 12, 13, the electrical block diagram can be performed on the basis of at least one LED cluster based on one LED matrix with one LED, and, for example, on the basis of the LED cluster, made in the form of three parallel-connected linear current stabilizers 22, 23, 24, each of which is connected in series with the corresponding LED matrix based on, respectively, LED matrix pairs 25, 26, 27. At the input of the LED cluster, there can be a circuit 28 for protecting against changing the polarity of the connection of the LEDs 25, 26, 27 is illustrated. The LED cluster of FIGS. 11, 12, 13 can be made in the form of at least one LED matrix with at least one LED 25, 26, 27 .

Used, for example, in the backlit block of FIG. 12, the LED arrays 29, 30, 31, depending on the technical requirements for the backlit blocks, can be electrically connected to each other according to the mounting scheme 32 or according to the printing scheme on a common dielectric base 34. Each LED matrix 29, 30, 31 may contain a pair of LEDs 32, respectively. The grid LED cluster can be electrically powered from a common input 35.

Depending on the economy, manufacturing technology or the optical and technical requirements of the customer in one of the variants of FIG. 13, depending on the dimensions and the requirements for light emission in the backlight unit 1, the printed circuit board of the LED cluster in plan has a double-sided comb shape according to FIG. 12 or 13 has a shape in plan of a four-beam diagonal star for optimally combining a predetermined number of, for example, six or five LED arrays 29, 30, 31, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40.

The fragment of the photo in Fig. 14 shows an example of materialization of the construct of the building block 1 with backlight for paving the pedestrian walkway of a private house.

On Fig, 16 to improve optical transmission and uniform light scattering by the matrix material of the housing 1 with optimization of light emission of the LED cluster 2, the internal volume of the matrix of the housing 1 is made in Fig.15 in the form of an optical prism 41, for example a rhombic, having reflecting and / or refracting planes 42 .

In the building block of figures 1, 2, 16, the outer front side 3 or 4 of the housing 1, having, for example, the shape of a truncated pyramid, can be made in the form of one of the types of optical prisms, for example in the form of an optical flat beam splitter mirror 43, with reflective or a light-reflecting surface 44 [4]. In a volume-frosted body 1 or in the presence of matting of the front outer side 3, 4, an optical prism or a flat beam splitter mirror, which is one of the front sides 3, 4, allows you to change the direction of light emission of the LED beam matrix to obtain the desired image of the light mixing pattern, for example when using LEDs different color.

To obtain the desired light image, the reflecting or refracting surface of the optical prism or optical mirror can be coated with a thin layer of metal - aluminum or silver, or alternating layers of matter with high and low refractive indices, for example, by introducing aluminum trihydrate Al (OH) ₃ . The material is optical glass, non-essential parts are made by injection molding from polymers of the LSOM brand, from polymethyl methacrylate of the injection grade LPT - 1 polystyrene block grade D, etc.

The basic form in the production of illuminated building blocks is a half-brick measuring 100 (200) × 100 × 45 (60) mm, since similar paving slabs are most widely used. LEDs for surface and indoor installation are used with a power of 70 mW and a scattering angle of 120 ° or more. By scattering angle is meant the angle at which the luminous intensity is 50% of the maximum intensity. The electrical circuit is usually located on a printed circuit board made of fiberglass in accordance with a given block shape.

The entire electrical circuit is powered by an external 12 V DC voltage source. The possible voltage deviation should be within 20%.

In the process of introducing into the economic turnover of various models of a luminous building block, it is economically feasible to focus on existing forms of ordinary paving slabs, paving stones, pavers. This makes it easy to install the backlit block into the paving slab both during the laying of the main tile and subsequently.

A building block is used to illuminate sidewalks, pools and / or paving stones and / or pavers and / or dividing strips and / or garden paths using the following technology. For the production of one or another standard size of a building or structure, an appropriate molding tool and a power supply construct are being worked out to power illuminated building blocks. In the illuminated injection molding technology of building blocks, the working mixture is poured into polypropylene or rubber or fiberglass or metal molds. Pouring the working mixture of the block into molds is made without vibration. Before pouring into the form, an LED cluster is installed and fixed by signs.

Illuminated building blocks will take their rightful place in the landscape development of various territories, this is the designation of parking lots, pedestrian paths, the designation on the roadway of the speed bump, curb stone, etc.

Illuminated building structures and construction - this is a new direction in the souvenir industry in places of tourist congestion, especially in the dark. Large blocks in the form of pellets and boulders can be used to decorate large aquariums, as well as terrariums as houses for their inhabitants.

It is hard to imagine a modern landscape design without using a combination of artificial building blocks with lighting and stones - whether it is a granite booth, marble chips or river pellets.

Industrial development of illuminated building blocks is being prepared in the CIS and the EU.

Information sources

1.www.oscar-sib.ru/kamni.html 2010.01.

2. JP, 09-053214 Date of publication of application 02/25/1997 E01F 9/04 F21S 4/00.

3. Chemical supplier M. Product catalog. Aluminum trihydrate Al (OH) ₃ https://www.himpst.ru/ 03/11/2010.

4. A.V. Sulim. Production of optical parts, Moscow, 1975, 6-9.

Claims (8)

1. A backlit building block, the casing of which is formed by a matrix based on translucent impact-resistant, heat-resistant and moisture-resistant material, inside which there is an LED cluster, characterized in that the translucent matrix of the casing is made opaque or at least one outer side of the casing is matted, this inner volume of the housing is made in the form of an optical prism bounded by reflective and / or refractive planes, and the LED cluster is made in the form of at least one light a diode array with at least one LED. 2. The building block according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer front side of the housing has the shape of a truncated pyramid. 3. The building block according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer front side of the housing is made in the form of an optical flat beam splitting mirror with one reflective or light-reflecting surface. 4. The building block according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer side of the housing has a sphere-shaped, or polygonal, or oval-shaped, or cylindrical shape. 5. The building block according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that aerosil and / or aluminum trihydrate and / or marble chips and / or glass chips to a depth of 1 μm - 1 are introduced into the matrix volume or into the material of the outer front side cm. 6. The building block according to claim 1, characterized in that when used in the fence and / or its support, at least one of the elements of the fence and / or in one of the elements of its support is integrated LED cluster. 7. The building block according to claim 1, characterized in that the block diagram of the LED cluster is made in the form of three parallel-connected linear current stabilizers, each of which is connected in series with the corresponding LED matrix based on two LEDs, while the circuit is mounted at the input of the LED cluster protection against reverse polarity. 8. The building block according to claim 4, characterized in that the printed circuit board of the LED cluster in plan has a double-sided comb shape or - has a shape in plan of a four-beam diagonal star.

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