RU2429769C1 - Method to predict nicotine content in cigarette fumes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: tobacco industry. ^ SUBSTANCE: method to predict nicotine content in cigarette fumes includes detection of nicotine content in tobacco mix, weight and geometric dimensions of cigarettes, air permeability of cigarette paper, resistance to inhaling and extent of filter ventilation and calculation of nicotine content in fumes using formulas with account of structural characteristics of cigarettes. Predicted content of nicotine in cigarette fumes is compared to the required value, and the final conclusion is made on compliance of the prediction result to the required nicotine content in fumes provided that the predicted content of nicotine makes 20% of the required value. ^ EFFECT: application of the proposed method will make it possible to select tobacco mixes and auxiliary materials in order to produce cigarettes with specified nicotine content in fumes and to do efficient monitoring and comparative assessment of cigarettes quality in process of production. ^ 3 ex, 1 tbl, 1 dwg

Description

The proposed method is designed to determine the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes of various designs and can be used for operational control and comparative assessment of the quality of cigarettes, which will allow the selection of tobacco bags and auxiliary materials and manufacture of cigarette products with the desired nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes.

The normalization of the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes is carried out in accordance with GN 2.3.2.1377-03 and is: for cigarettes with a filter - 1.2 mg / cigarette; for cigarettes without filter - 1.3 mg / cigarette.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a method for predicting the nicotine content in smoke (Kochetkova S.K. Express method for determining nicotine in tobacco raw materials and predicting the nicotine content in smoke. / S.K. Kochetkova, V.P. Pisklov. // Modern the state of the tobacco industry and the strengthening of its scientific support in the Russian Federation and the CIS countries: mater.International scientific and practical conference - Krasnodar, 2000.- P.282-286), which consists in determining the nicotine content in tobacco raw materials determine the breathability of cigarettes paper (VP, units CORESTA) of cigarettes without a filter and, depending on the group, calculate the predicted content of nicotine (Y) according to the formulas:

for 1 group of VP from 10 to 30 units. CORESTA

Y = 0.962 * X + 0.253

for 2 groups of VP from 30 to 50 units. CORESTA

Y = 0.990 * X + 0.182

for 3 groups of VP from 50 to 70 units. CORESTA

Y = 0.846 * X + 0.252

for 4 groups of VP more than 70 units CORESTA

Y = 0.497 * X + 0.421,

where Y is the nicotine content in the smoke, mg / sig.

X - nicotine content in tobacco,%.

Then, the predicted nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes Y is compared with the required value of Y _tr and a final conclusion is made about the correspondence of the forecast result to the required nicotine content in the smoke, provided that the predicted nicotine content is Y = Y _tr ± 20%.

To predict the nicotine content in the smoke of filter cigarettes, measure the length of the cigarette, filter and the length of the cigarette butt, determine the holding capacity of the filter. Then determine the nicotine content in the smoke of filter cigarettes (Y _f , mg / sig.) By the formula:

Y _f = (Y * (l _sig- l _ok ) * (100-R)) / (47 * 100),

where Y is the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes without a filter, mg / sig .;

l _whitefish - the length of the cigarette, mm;

l _ok - the length of the cigarette butt, mm;

R is the retention capacity of the filter,%,

wherein R-5.152 + 0.422 * ΔP,

where ΔР is the filter puff resistance, mm water column

Next, the predicted nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes Y _{f is} compared with the required value of Y _tr and a final conclusion is made on the correspondence of the forecast result to the required nicotine content in smoke, provided that the predicted nicotine content of Y _f = Y _tr ± 20%.

A significant disadvantage of the described method is to take into account only the geometric dimensions of the cigarette, and the weight of the cigarette with an equal length can vary greatly, because modern tobacco bags, including reconstituted tobacco, expanded vein, blown vein, have different filling capacity. In this regard, there may be significant differences between the predicted and actual nicotine content in cigarette smoke, as the nicotine content of cigarette smoke depends on the amount of burnt tobacco. Another disadvantage is that the upper limit of the breathability of cigarette paper in the above groups is the value of 70 units. CORESTA, while cigarette papers are widely used by modern cigarette manufacturers with breathability of 100 or more. CORESTA. In addition, currently more than 90% of manufactured filter cigarettes have a vented filter, however, the degree of ventilation of the filter is not taken into account in the above method, which is a serious drawback.

The technical result is to increase the accuracy and speed of determining the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes of various designs to assess the compliance of cigarettes with the required parameters of the safety indicators of tobacco smoke during production control and the ability to predict the nicotine content in the development of new brands of cigarettes.

The technical result is achieved in that in a method for predicting the nicotine content of cigarette smoke, the method comprising: determining the nicotine content of a tobacco bag for manufacturing cigarettes; breathability of cigarette paper and calculation of the predicted nicotine content in cigarette smoke without filter; filter holding capacity in filter cigarettes, length of cigarette, filter and cigarette butt; calculation of the predicted nicotine content in the smoke of filter cigarettes; comparing the predicted and required nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes with and without a filter and the final conclusion about the correspondence of the forecast result to the required nicotine content in the smoke, provided that the predicted nicotine content is ± 20% of the required, according to the invention, the breathability of cigarette paper is taken into account through the degree of ventilation cigarettes (SHS,%), which is determined by the formula:

where VP - the permeability of cigarette paper, units Koresta

calculate the predicted nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes without a filter (N1 _smoke , mg / sig.) according to the formula:

where N _tab - nicotine content in tobacco,%,

m _ol - the weight of smoked tobacco, g,

wherein

where m _tab is the weight of tobacco in a cigarette, g,

l _Shtr - length of tobacco rod, mm,

l _whitefish - the length of the cigarette, mm

l _ok - the length of the cigarette butt, mm

for filter cigarettes, the filter holding capacity (R,%) is calculated by the formula:

where ΔР - filter puff resistance, mm water. Art.

then calculate the predicted nicotine content in the smoke of filter cigarettes (N2 _smoke , mg / sig.) by the formula:

where N1 _smoke is the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes without a filter, mg / sig.,

R is the retention capacity of the filter,%,

for cigarettes with a vented filter, determine the degree of ventilation of the filter (SVF,%) and calculate the predicted nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes with a vented filter (N3 _smoke , mg / sig.) according to the formula:

where N2 _smoke is the nicotine content in the smoke of filter cigarettes, mg / sig.

A comparison of the claimed solution not only with the prototype, but also with other well-known technical solutions in the tobacco industry, allows us to identify signs that distinguish the claimed solution in that when determining the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes of various designs, the weight of the burnt tobacco is taken into account; the breathability of cigarette paper is taken into account through the degree of ventilation of the cigarette; the holding ability of the filter is calculated through the drag resistance of the filter; take into account the degree of ventilation of the filter.

To date, all existing methods for predicting the nicotine content in cigarette smoke have not made it possible to take into account the full range of factors affecting the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes of various designs. An objective integrated method for predicting the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes of various designs did not exist. Therefore, the proposed method is necessary and relevant.

In the proposed method, the determination of the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes is carried out taking into account the mass of burnt tobacco and the geometric dimensions of the cigarette, and in the prototype only geometric dimensions are taken into account. For tobacco bags containing tobacco, expanded vein, reconstituted tobacco and with different filling capacities, this method of determining the nicotine content in smoke is not applicable, because the results are not comparable due to the different weight of burnt tobacco with equal geometric dimensions of cigarettes. This is a significant distinguishing feature, allowing to obtain comparable results for predicting the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes of various designs.

Taking into account the influence of the breathability of cigarette paper through the overall degree of ventilation of the cigarette allows you to get more accurate forecasting results, because with equal breathability of the cigarette paper, the degree of ventilation of the cigarette may vary depending on the density of the tobacco tow.

Determining the holding capacity of a filter through its drag resistance is easily feasible in the conditions of production laboratories.

For the first time, dependences were obtained that make it possible to obtain a forecast of the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes with a vented filter.

The proposed method allows more accurate prediction of the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes, because The complex task of taking into account all the factors that have the most significant effect on the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes of various designs from the evaluation of tobacco bags to auxiliary materials has been solved.

Together, the essential features of the proposed method allow you to quickly determine the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes of various designs.

The method is as follows.

Nicotine content is determined in the tobacco bag. The density of the tobacco tow is determined, and the weight of the tobacco tow is calculated. Set the length of the cigarette, filter, cigarette butt. Determine the breathability of the cigarette paper, the filter puff resistance, the degree of ventilation of the filter. A method for predicting the nicotine content in cigarette smoke is carried out according to the scheme (drawing).

After determining the values of the source data, the predicted nicotine content of the cigarette smoke is calculated. Calculate the total degree of ventilation of the cigarette (SHS,%), determined by cigarette paper, according to the formula:

where VP - the permeability of cigarette paper, units Koresta.

For non-filter cigarettes, the predicted nicotine content in the smoke (N1 _smoke , mg / sig.) Is calculated by the formula:

where N _tab - nicotine content in tobacco,%,

m _ol - the weight of smoked tobacco, g,

wherein

where m _tab is the weight of tobacco in a cigarette, g,

l _Shtr - length of tobacco rod, mm,

l _whitefish - the length of the cigarette, mm

l _ok - the length of the cigarette butt, mm

then, the predicted nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes without an N1 _smoke filter is compared with the required N _smoke value and a final conclusion is made on whether the forecast result matches the required nicotine content in the smoke, provided that the predicted nicotine content is ± 20% of the required.

For filter cigarettes, the nicotine content in the mainstream smoke coming to the filter is calculated by the formula (2), the filter holding capacity (R,%) is determined by the formula:

where ΔР - filter puff resistance, mm water. Art.

then calculate the predicted nicotine content in the smoke of filter cigarettes (N2 _smoke , mg / sig.) by the formula:

where N1 _smoke is the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes without a filter, mg / sig.,

then, the predicted nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes with the N2 _smoke filter is compared with the required N _smoke value and a final conclusion is made on whether the forecast result matches the required nicotine content in the smoke, provided that the predicted nicotine content is ± 20% of the required.

For cigarettes with a ventilated filter, determine the degree of ventilation of the filter (SVF,%) and calculate the predicted nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes with a vented filter (N3 _smoke , mg / sig.) According to the formula:

where N2 _smoke is the nicotine content in the smoke of filter cigarettes, mg / sig.,

then, the predicted nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes with a vented filter N3 _{smoke is} compared with the required N _smoke value and a final conclusion is made on whether the forecast result matches the required nicotine content in the smoke, provided that the predicted nicotine content is ± 20% of the required.

Examples of the method

Example 1. Cigarette without filter

Initial data

Nicotine content 1.9 mg / g

Breathability of cigarette paper 50 units. Cu

Cigarette length 70mm

Stub Length 23 mm

Cigarette Weight 0.72 g

Tobacco weight 0.68 g

The required nicotine content in cigarette smoke is 1.0 mg / sig.

For given parameters, the degree of ventilation of the cigarette according to the formula (1)

SHS = 0.1703 * 50 + 3.1262 = 11.6412%

The mass of smoked tobacco according to the formula (3)

m _{pr. pi} = 0.68 / 70 * (70-23) = 0.4566 g

The nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes without a filter according to the formula (2)

N1 _smoke = (1.9 * 0.46) * 1000 / ((0.1077 * 11.64 + 5.3836) * 100) = 1.32 mg / sig.

Thus, when using the specified design of cigarettes, the predicted nicotine content in the smoke is 1.32 mg / sig., Which does not meet the requirements N1 _smoke = N _smoke ± 20%. To obtain products with the required nicotine content in the smoke, it is necessary to make changes in the composition of the tobacco bags or to use paper with greater breathability. After making changes in the composition of the tobacco bags received a nicotine content in the tobacco bag of 1.5%, then:

For given parameters, the degree of ventilation of the cigarette according to the formula (1)

SHS = 0.1703 * 50 + 3.1262 = 11.6412%

The mass of smoked tobacco according to the formula (3)

m _{pr. pi} = 0.68 / 70 * (70-23) = 0.4566 g

The nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes without a filter according to the formula (2)

N1 _smoke = (1.5 * 0.46) * 1000 / ((0.1077 * 11.64 + 5.3836) * 100) = 1.04 mg / sig.

That meets the requirements of N1 _smoke = N _smoke ± 20%. Therefore, the desired nicotine content in the smoke can be obtained using a tobacco bag with a nicotine content of 1.5%.

Example 2. Filter cigarette

Initial data

Sack nicotine content of 1.5%

Breathability of cigarette paper 40 units. Cu

Cigarette length 83mm

Filter Length 27 mm

Stub Length 35 mm

Cigarette Weight 0.78 g

Filter mass 0.20 g

Tobacco weight 0.55 g

Filter tightening resistance 60 mm water column

The required nicotine content in cigarette smoke is 0.7 mg / sig.

For given parameters, the degree of ventilation of the cigarette according to the formula (1)

SHS = 0.1703 * 40 + 3.1262 = 9.9382%

The mass of smoked tobacco according to the formula (3)

m _{pr. pi} = (0.55 * (83-35)) / (83-27) = 0.4714 g

The nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes without a filter according to the formula (2)

N1 _smoke = (1.5 * 0.47) * 1000 / ((0.1077 * 9.94 + 5.3836) * 100) = 1.09 mg / sig.

The filter holding capacity according to the formula (4)

R _N = 0.3039 * 60 + 14.084 = 32.3%

The nicotine content in the smoke of filter cigarettes according to the formula (5):

N2 _smoke = 1.09 - ((1.09 / 100) * 32.3) = 0.74 mg / sig.

Thus, when using the specified design of cigarettes, the predicted nicotine content in the smoke is 0.74 mg / sig., Which meets the requirements of N2 _smoke = N _smoke ± 20%.

Example 3. Cigarette with a vented filter

Initial data

Bag nicotine content in tobacco 1.9%

Breathability of cigarette paper 70 units. Cu

Cigarette length 83mm

Filter Length 27 mm

Stub Length 35 mm

Weight 0.81 g

Filter mass 0.22 g

Tobacco weight 0.56 g

Filter tightening resistance 90 mm water column

Filter ventilation 50%

The required nicotine content in cigarette smoke is 0.4 mg / sig.

For given parameters, the degree of ventilation of the cigarette according to the formula (1)

SHS = 0.1703 * 70 + 3.1262 = 15.0472%

The mass of smoked tobacco according to the formula (3)

m _{pr. pi} = (0.56 * (83-35)) / (83-27) = 0.4800 g

The nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes without a filter according to the formula (2)

N1 _smoke = (1.9 * 0.48) * 1000 / ((0.1077 * 15.05 + 5.3836) * 100) = 1.30 mg / sig.

Nicotine filter holding capacity according to the formula (4)

R = 0.3039 * 90 + 14.084 = 41.4%

Then, according to the formula (5), the nicotine content in the smoke of filter cigarettes:

N2 _smoke = 1.30 - ((1.30 / 100) * 41.4) = 0.76 mg / sig.

Given the degree of ventilation of the filter according to formula (6), the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes with a vented filter:

N3 _smoke = 0.76 / (2 * 10 ^-5 * 50 ³ -0.0018 * 50 ² + 0.0442 * 50 + 0.6991) = 0.44 mg / sig.

Thus, when using the specified design of cigarettes, the predicted nicotine content in the smoke is 0.44 mg / sig., Which meets the requirements of N3 _smoke = N _smoke ± 20%.

The test results of the method showed high convergence and reproducibility of the results of predicting the nicotine content in tobacco smoke (table). To verify the reliability of the developed forecasting method, we used samples of cigarettes of various types (without a filter - 46 samples, with a filter - 54 samples, with a vented filter - 55 samples), in which physicochemical parameters, nicotine content in smoke were determined by the calculation method and as a result of smoking on a smoking machine.

The ratio of the predicted value to the actual value, expressed in shares for different cigarette designs Type of cigarettes The ratio of the predicted value of the nicotine content in the smoke to the actual Without a filter 1.09 With filter 1,125 With ventilated filter 0.874

The application of the proposed method for predicting the nicotine content in cigarette smoke allows one to obtain reliable results for a comparative assessment of the quality of cigarettes, which allow the selection of tobacco bags and auxiliary materials for the manufacture of cigarettes with the desired nicotine content in the smoke.

The proposed method for determining the nicotine content in cigarette smoke was tested in research laboratories of GNU VNIITTI in 2006-2009. and recommended for implementation in the industry.

Claims (1)

A method for predicting the nicotine content of cigarette smoke, comprising determining the nicotine content of a tobacco bag for making cigarettes, the breathability of cigarette paper and calculating a predicted nicotine content of non-filter cigarette smoke, the filter holding capacity of the filter cigarettes, length of the cigarette, filter and stub, calculation of the predicted nicotine content in the smoke of filter cigarettes, comparison of the predicted and required nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes with and without filter liter and the final conclusion on the compliance of the forecast result with the required nicotine content in the smoke, provided that the predicted nicotine content is ± 20% of the required, characterized in that the breathability of the cigarette paper is taken into account through the degree of ventilation of the cigarette (SHS),%, which is determined by the formula

where VP - the permeability of cigarette paper, units Koresta, calculate the predicted nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes without a filter N1 _smoke , mg / sig., According to the formula

where N _tab - nicotine content in tobacco,%, m _pp - weight of smoked tobacco, g, while

where m _tab is the weight of tobacco in a cigarette, g,
l _Shtr - length of tobacco rod, mm,
l _whitefish - the length of the cigarette, mm
l _ok - the length of the cigarette butt, mm
for filter cigarettes, the filter holding capacity R,%, is calculated by the formula

where ΔР is the filter puff resistance, mm water,
then calculate the predicted nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes with filter N2 _smoke , mg / sig., by the formula

where N1 _smoke is the nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes without a filter, mg / sig,
R is the retention capacity of the filter,%,
for cigarettes with a ventilated filter, determine the degree of ventilation of the filter (SVF),%, and calculate the predicted nicotine content in the smoke of cigarettes with a ventilated filter N3 _smoke , mg / sig., according to the formula

where N2 _smoke is the nicotine content in the smoke of filter cigarettes, mg / sig.

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