RU2427729C1 - Borehole pneumatic displacement pump - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps. ^ SUBSTANCE: borehole pneumatic displacement pump for operation in increased pressure gas medium refers to technical means for lifting fluids and can be used in any branches of economic activity for water, oil and condensate lifting from well bores. Pump includes working chambers alternatively connected by means of distribution mechanism to high and low pressure sources of working gas, and receiving and discharge valves. Pump includes control, main and valve sections, which are put on central pipe equipped with hole connected via discharge channel of waste and associated gases to control section equipped with breather installed on compressed gas channel. Float valves of double action are located in working chambers of the main section and equipped with constant magnets interacting with reed relay level sensors installed in control section. Receiving and discharge valves are combined into valve section. ^ EFFECT: creation of easy-to-manufacture and easy-to-operate, reliable, electrically safe pump with maximum working pressure of not more than 1,0 MPa, which provides the lift of gassy and still fluid with increased content of mechanical impurities and associated gas at single-stage and multi-stage fluid lifting method. ^ 6 dwg

Description

A downhole pneumatic substitution pump refers to technical means for lifting liquids and can be used in any business sector for working in high pressure gas, for lifting water, oil, condensate from boreholes.

The well-known "Pump" according to patent RU 2295065 dated 2005.02.07, published 2007.03.10, IPC F04F 1/04, which contains a cylinder with a bottom equipped with a suction valve and filter, and a head with an inlet pipe connected to the air pipe, as well as the output a pipe that is hermetically connected by welding or threaded connection to the liquid pipe and is equipped with a check valve. Pipelines are placed in the casing, the free end of the liquid pipe is in communication with the capacity of the cycle frequency controller. The pump is equipped with a compressor and a vacuum pump. The cylinder is made in the form of a piece of casing, rigidly connected with the end surface of the lower end of the casing, in which the pipelines are placed. The free end of the air pipe is hermetically connected to the compressor outlet pipe and in parallel to the vacuum pump inlet pipe. There are sensors with the ability to interact with the cycle frequency controller, as well as transmit signals to turn on and off the compressor and the vacuum pump to the control panel.

This pump can only be used when lifting water from shallow depths. It is difficult to manufacture and maintain, as the working elements are made and mounted as a unit with the casing. It has low productivity due to the presence of only one working chamber, so the supply of liquid to the surface will not be continuous, but cyclic. It cannot be used for multi-stage lifting of fluid from a well.

Also known are deep-well sucker-rod pumps (SHG) (Oil production reference book. Authors: V.V.Andreev, K.R. Urazakov, V.U.Dalimov et al .; Edited by K.R. Urazakov, M. OOO “ Nedra-Business Center ”, 2000, chapter 5).

SHGN is expensive in manufacturing due to the use of high alloy steels and high-precision machining in manufacturing. Rather stringent requirements for tubing used in the extraction of sucker rod pumps make the production and operation of SHGN expensive. SHGN has rather stringent requirements for the content of mechanical impurities in the produced fluid (up to 3.5 g / l), as well as for the content of free gas (up to 25%). The strength of the rods and their deformation limit the depth of application of the SHGN to 3200 m.

As a result of fluid production at the SHGN, increased wear of the parts of the downhole pump, as well as the breakage of the rods, is observed, so frequent repairs are necessary.

The closest technical solution is the "Pneumatic replacement pump" according to patent RU 2016258 of 1991.07.01, published 1994.07.15, IPC 5 F04F 1/02. It contains working chambers, alternately connected by means of a distribution mechanism to sources of high and low pressure of the working gas and with suction and discharge valves. At the same time, the discharge valve is float-operated and differs in that the source of high and low pressure is made in the form of a vacuum compressor unit with air distribution boxes connected to the distribution mechanism. Electric type distribution mechanism. One of the chambers is equipped with a double-fused contact closure of the distribution mechanism contact, while the vacuum-compressor unit is in communication with each of the working chambers through valve boxes through two pipelines. The suction valve is also float-operated, and the suction and discharge valves are made with a variable buoyancy value.

The pump is intended only for pumping liquid on the surface and cannot be used when lifting liquid from wells, it has a bulky and unreliable control system.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to create an easy to manufacture and maintain, reliable in operation, electrically safe pump with a maximum working pressure of not more than 1.0 MPa, which provides a rise in carbonated and non-carbonated liquids with a high content of mechanical impurities and associated gas in a single-stage and multi-stage lifting method liquids.

The problem is solved by a downhole pneumatic substitution pump, comprising working chambers alternately connected by means of a distribution mechanism to sources of high and low pressure of the working gas, and receiving and pressure valves, while the pump contains a control, main and valve section strung on a central pipe equipped with an opening connected to the exhaust and associated gas exhaust channel with a control section equipped with a breather mounted on the compressed gas channel; double-acting float valves are located in the working chambers of the main section and are equipped with permanent magnets that interact with reed level sensors installed in the control section; suction and discharge valves are combined into a valve section.

The separation of the pump into the control, main and valve sections strung on the central pipe allows isolating the pneumatic distributor and control unit from ingress of the produced fluid from the working chambers and channels of the main and valve sections.

Providing the central pipe with an opening connected to the exhaust channel and associated gases of the control section allows the central pipe to be used not only as a carrier, but also for exhaust and associated gases.

Equipping the control section with a breather installed on the compressed gas channel allows the supply of compressed gas from the annulus through a pneumatic distributor located in the control section to the working chambers.

The location of the double-acting float valves in the working chambers of the main section and the supply of them with permanent magnets interacting with reed level sensors installed in the control section allows shutting off the compressed gas leak in the lower position and in the upper position start controlling the air distributor without electrical contact between the control and main sections.

The combination of suction and discharge valves in the valve section provides ease of production, assembly and maintenance.

A downhole pneumatic displacement pump for operation in a high-pressure gas environment is shown in the drawings, where Fig. 1 is an external view of a displacement pump, Fig. 2 is a pump connection diagram, Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a pump, Figs. 4, 5, 6 are an order pump operation.

Figure 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 show: the central pipe 1, the control section 2 of the pump, the main section 3 of the pump, the valve section 4 of the pump, the inlet pipe 5, the discharge pipe 6, the lower electrical connector 7, the upper electrical connector 8, breather 9, casing 10 of the well, receiving pipe 11, bearing tee 12 of the receiving pipe, bearing rod 13 of the receiving pipe, coupler 14 of the produced fluid pipe, coupler 15 of the carrier pipe, at the same time mounting, connecting pipe 16, bearing pipe d 17, at the same time serving for exhaust and associated gas removal, produced fluid lifting pipe 18, electric cable 19, plug 20 of the lower power connector of the lower stage pump, first working chamber 21, second working chamber 22, float chamber 23 of the first working chamber, float chamber 24 of the second working chamber, the first double-acting magnetic float valve 25, the second double-acting magnetic float valve 26, the seat 27 of the first working chamber, the seat 28 of the second working chamber, the upper seat 29 of the first slave eyes of the chamber, upper saddle 30 of the second working chamber, reed switch 31 of the first chamber, reed switch 32 of the second chamber, receiving valve 33 of the first working chamber, receiving valve 34 of the second working chamber, pressure valve 35 of the first working chamber, pressure valve 36 of the second working cameras, channel 37 receiving, discharge channel 38, through wire 39 of the power supply circuit, wire 40 of the power supply to the control unit, control wire 41 of the first electromagnet of the pneumatic distributor, wire 42 of the control of the second pneumatic distributor, wire 43 of the reed switch of the first working chamber, wire 44 of the reed switch of the second working chamber, a hole 45 for exhaust gas, channel 46 for exhaust gas, channel 47 for supplying and discharging working gas to the first working chamber, channel 48 for supplying and exhaust gas to the second working chamber, an electronic control unit 49, a channel 50 of compressed gas, an electric pneumatic valve 51, perforations 52 of the casing, produced fluid 53, a filter nozzle 54 of the receiving pipe.

Downhole pneumatic displacement pump for operation in a gas environment of high pressure is as follows.

The downhole pump is made in the form of a module (figures 1 and 3). It consists of three sections: control 2, main 3 and valve 4, which are mounted on the central pipe 1, which serves to exhaust the exhaust gas and which is an integral part of the carrier pipe 17.

Through all sections passes a wire through the power supply circuit 39, connected to the connectors 7 and 8. It serves to transmit power to the control unit 49.

In the control section 2 are located:

- a pneumatic valve 51 for alternately supplying high and low pressure to the first and second working chambers 21 and 22;

- a control unit 49 for controlling a pneumatic distributor 51;

- a seat 29, designed to supply and remove the working gas, as well as to prevent ingress of produced fluid into the channel 47 from the first working chamber, by blocking it with a float valve 25, when it reaches its upper position in the process of fluid intake;

- a seat 30, designed to supply and remove the working gas, as well as to prevent ingress of the produced fluid into the channel 48 from the second working chamber, by blocking it with a float valve 26, when it reaches its upper position during fluid intake;

- reed switch level sensor 31, which is designed to signal when filling the first working chamber 21 with liquid through wire 43 to the control unit 49;

- reed switch level sensor 32, which is designed to signal when filling with liquid the second working chamber 22 through wire 44 to the control unit 49;

- discharge channel 38, which also passes through sections 3 and 4 and connects the discharge valves 35 and 36 with the discharge pipe 6;

- power wire 40 of the control unit 49 connected to the through wire of the power circuit 39;

- a channel of compressed gas 50 connecting the breather 9 with the pneumatic valve 51;

- an exhaust gas channel 46 connecting the pneumatic distributor 51 to the exhaust gas pipe 1 through an exhaust opening 45;

- the control wire 41 of the first electromagnet of the pneumatic valve 51 connected to the control unit 49;

- a control wire 42 of the second electromagnet of the pneumatic distributor 51 connected to the control unit 49;

- channel 47 for supplying to the first working chamber 21 and for removing working gas from it, connecting the pneumatic distributor 51 to the seat 29;

- channel 48 for supplying to the second working chamber 22 and for removing working gas from it, connecting the valve 51 to the seat 30.

To the upper end of the control section 2 are attached:

- discharge pipe 6 to the discharge channel 38;

- breather 9 to the channel of compressed gas 50;

- power connector 8 upper to the through wire of the power supply circuit 39.

In the main section 3 are placed:

- first working chamber 21;

- a float chamber 23 connected to the first working chamber 21;

- double-acting magnetic float valve 25 in the float chamber 23;

- second working chamber 22;

- a float chamber 24 connected to a second working chamber 22;

- double-acting magnetic float valve 26 in the float chamber 24.

In the valve section 4 are placed:

- a seat 27, which is designed to prevent leakage of compressed gas from the working chamber 21 by blocking it with a float valve 25 in standby mode or during pump operation after a fluid displacement cycle;

- a seat 28, which is designed to prevent leakage of compressed gas from the working chamber 22 by blocking it with a float valve 26 in standby mode or during pump operation after a fluid displacement cycle;

- a receiving valve 33 of the first working chamber 21;

- a receiving valve 34 of the second working chamber 22;

- discharge valve 35 of the first working chamber 21;

- discharge valve 36 of the second working chamber 22;

- receiving channel 37, which connects the receiving pipe 5 with the receiving valves 33 and 34.

To the lower end of the valve section 4 is attached:

- receiving pipe 5 to the receiving channel 37;

- power connector bottom 7 to the through wire of the power circuit 39.

In preparation for operation, a downhole pneumatic displacement pump for operation in a high-pressure gas medium is mounted as follows.

In FIG. 2 shows a wiring diagram. A supporting rod 13 of the receiving pipe 13 is attached to the lower end of the central pipe of the pump, to which a tee of the receiving pipe 12 is attached to the receiving pipe 11. The receiving pipe 5 is connected to the tee of the receiving pipe 12 by means of a connecting pipe 16 and connecting couplings 14. To the lower electrical connector 7 hermetically sealed plug 20. To the upper end of the Central pipe 1 is connected to the sleeve 15 of the supporting pipe 17, at the same time serving to exhaust and associated gases, and to the discharge pipe 6 by the coupling 14 - tr plumbing 18 lifting the produced fluid. An electric cable 19 is connected to the upper electrical connector 8. The pump, when assembled, is lowered into the casing of the well 10 with a mandatory immersion in the produced fluid to a depth of 10-25 m.

Before switching on the mounted well pump, an increased working gas pressure is created in the annulus of the well. In the production of non-carbonated liquid, atmospheric air is the working gas, and associated gas is the associated gas.

Under the influence of increased pressure, the static liquid level in the well will decrease and the pump will be higher than the liquid level. Accordingly, the gas entering one of the working chambers of the pump, through a breather 9, a channel of compressed gas 50, a pneumatic distributor 51 and channels 47 or 48 (depending on the position of the pneumatic distributor 51), displaces the liquid from the working chamber 21 or 22. In this case, the float the valve 25 or 26 lowers and closes the seats 27 or 28, thereby preventing leakage of compressed gas into the pipeline of the produced fluid 18. The second working chamber at this time remains filled with fluid. The liquid in the pipeline of the produced fluid 18 remains approximately the same, since the pressure in it is atmospheric or changes insignificantly, since there is no access of high pressure gas to it.

A downhole pneumatic displacement pump for operation in a high pressure gas environment operates as follows.

At the time of supply of electricity to control the pump in the annulus is the working gas under high pressure (figure 4). The working gas is also located in the working chamber 21, and the other working chamber 22 is filled with liquid. The float valve 26, in the upper position, closes the seat 30 and thereby prevents liquid from entering the central pipe 1 connected to the exhaust gas pipe 17, and the magnet built into it includes a reed switch 32. In the central pipe 1 connected to the pipe exhaust gas 17, low pressure is maintained. When power is supplied via cable 19, the reed switch 32 gives a signal through wire 44 to control unit 49, which generates a command and transmits it through wire 42 to switch the air distributor 51. After switching the air distributor 51 (Fig. 5), compressed gas begins to flow from chamber 22 from annular space through the breather 9 through channel 50 and 48 and displace the fluid from the working chamber 22 into the pipe 18 through the seat 28, the discharge valve 36 and the channel 38. At the same time, compressed gas is removed from the chamber 21 into the central pipe 1 connected to the pipeline ohm exhaust gas 17, through the channels 47 and 46 via way valve 51 and an opening 45 for discharging the exhaust gases. As a result of lowering the pressure in the chamber 21, liquid flows under pressure through the seat 27, valve 33 and through the intake channel 37 from the intake pipe 11. When the process of displacing the liquid from the chamber 22 is completed, the float valve 26 closes the seat 28, preventing the leakage of compressed gas. At this time, when filling the chamber 21, the float valve 25, floating up, closes the seat 29, at the same time closing the reed switch 31, as a result of which the valve 51 is switched. After switching the valve 51 (Fig. 6), compressed gas enters the chamber 21 and displaces the liquid through a seat 27 and a valve 35 into the discharge channel 38 and then into the pipe 18. Simultaneously, from the chamber 22, the compressed gas is removed into the Central pipe 1 connected to the exhaust gas pipe 17, through channels 48 and 46 through the valve 51 and the hole Ie 45 for exhaust gas. As a result, low pressure is created in the chamber 22 and liquid enters into it through the seat 28, valve 34 and through the channel 37 from the receiving pipe 11. The produced liquid rises upward through the pipe 18 and the exhaust gas is removed into the central pipe 1 connected to the exhaust gas pipeline 17. Thus, by continuously alternating the reception and displacement cycles in the working chambers 21 and 22, the pump creates a continuous flow of fluid in the pipe 18 until its power supply is turned off.

The pump can be used as the upper, lower and intermediate interchangeable modules of plants for the production of carbonated and non-carbonated liquids without changes, both with single-stage lifting of the liquid when the production depth is small (up to 50 m), and with multi-stage when the production depth is large (5000 m and more).

The modules operate in an environment of high pressure working gas, which is created in the annulus, in the casing of the well where the pumps are mounted. The working gas is either atmospheric air in the production of non-carbonated liquid, or associated gas in the production of carbonated liquid.

The technical effect is the creation of an easy to manufacture and maintain, reliable, electrically safe pump with a maximum working pressure of not more than 1.0 MPa, which provides the lifting of carbonated and non-carbonated liquids with a high content of mechanical impurities and associated gas in a single-stage and multi-stage method of lifting the liquid, due to the borehole pneumatic displacement pump containing working chambers, alternately connected by means of a distribution mechanism to sources, it is high low and low pressure of the working gas, and receiving and discharge valves, while the pump contains a control, main and valve sections strung on a central pipe equipped with an opening connected to the exhaust and associated gas exhaust channel with a control section equipped with a breather installed on the compressed channel gas; double-acting float valves are located in the working chambers of the main section and are equipped with permanent magnets that interact with reed level sensors installed in the control section; suction and discharge valves are combined into a valve section.

Claims (1)

A downhole pneumatic displacement pump, comprising working chambers alternately connected by means of a distribution mechanism to sources of high and low pressure of the working gas, receiving and pressure valves, characterized in that the pump comprises a control, main and valve section strung on a central pipe provided with an opening connected a channel for exhaust and associated gases with a control section equipped with a breather mounted on a channel of compressed gas; double-acting float valves located in the working chambers of the main section and equipped with permanent magnets interacting with reed level sensors installed in the control section, and suction and discharge valves are combined in the valve section.

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