RU2425975C1 - Vertical deformation determining device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining. ^ SUBSTANCE: device includes upper and lower fixing members installed on one vertical line in side wall of shaft. Sensor is fixed on upper fixing member by means of a nut. Deformation transfer element is arranged inside the above sensor in the form of movable stock connected to lower fixing member by means of stainless steel wire string. Tension device - turnbuckle is installed on the string and it can control not only the string tension, but also to move movable stock to zero position. Linear movement converter is made in the form of a line of reed relays and magnetic belt. Line of reed relays is fixed in fixed sensor body in the form of plate with reed relays made from dielectric material and arranged with a pitch equal to the required measurement accuracy. Length of reed relay line is determined with the pre-set value of allowable deformations. Reed relays are connected to indication unit of the recording instrument by means of cable. ^ EFFECT: higher operating reliability of the device and possible measurement of vertical deformations of walls of shafts. ^ 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and is intended for remote periodic monitoring of vertical deformations of shafts in mines and mines. Outside of these conditions, it can be used to control the deformations of various structures and buildings.

The well-known "Station for monitoring the parameters of the conductors of the mine shaft" (ed. St. RU No. 2098630, publ. 10.12.1997). The inventive station includes two carriages mounted on a lifting vessel of a mine shaft with units for measuring the curvature of conductors, wear of conductors, distance between conductors and depth of the shaft. All the sensitive elements of these meters are made in the form of spring-loaded rollers, each of which is connected with a sensor for recording their movement. As the latter, a photoelectric transducer of angular displacements (PUF) is used. Safety clearance meters between the lifting vessel and the shaft shaft reinforcement, a sensitive element of the gap meter with the same indicated registration sensor, are also fixed on the lifting vessel. A computer and a recording unit are installed on the lifting vessel in a thermostatically controlled case, with the input of which all the angular displacement transducers of the conductors parameter meters are connected.

The disadvantage of this invention should be considered the complexity and high cost of its manufacture.

The well-known "Method of monitoring the state of the massif of rocks" (ed. St. RU No. 2175060, publ. 10/20/2001), which can be used with non-contact downhole induction monitoring of the state of massifs of rocks and their technological parameters during mining, in particular, when controlling fracturing, humidity, mineral composition, and stress state of massifs. The inductance of the generator coil is measured in the operating range of the change in the electrical resistivity of the array. The value of the capacitance through which the coil is connected to the generator to form a series resonant circuit is determined by the maximum value of the inductance. The method of winding the generator coil is used, in which the change in its current is monotonic in the entire operating range. The magnitude of the emf of the secondary magnetic field of the eddy currents is measured. Comparing the measured values with the reference values, one judges the location, size of the anomalous zones and technological parameters of the rock mass.

The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of its manufacture, calibration and processing of the received information.

It is known “Device for measuring rock deformations” (ed. St. SU No. 1382955, published March 23, 1988), comprising a housing, an installation rod, elastic elements housed in the housing, strain transmission elements, linear displacement transducers, and an indication unit signal. The strain transfer elements in the device are made in the form of four pairs of pivotally connected levers, the free ends of the pairs of levers are pivotally attached to the ends of the struts and to the grooves of opposite sleeves parallel to these struts, due to which the deformation of the walls of the well are transmitted to the displacement transducer, and the racks are fixed at the opposite ends of the installation rod and rotated one relative to another 90 degrees. The change in the frequency of the output signal of the strain transducer is fixed by the display unit — a frequency meter.

This device does not allow measurements in highly deformed wells, for example, unloading from increased rock pressure, since it is impossible to move it along a collapsing well, and the small range of transformation of the deformation of the walls of the well limits the scope of the device.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed device is a "Device for determining the deformation of the walls of the wells" when assessing the stress-strain state of a rock mass, adopted as a prototype (ed. St. RU No. 2191899, published on October 27, 2002). A device for determining well deformations comprises a central shaft with head and tail elements rigidly fixed thereon. Diametrically oppositely mounted spacer elastic elements are placed on the head element and a strain transfer element is installed coaxially with them, made in the form of straight flat springs, one ends fixed to the head element, and a parabolic spring rigidly connected at its ends with other free ends of the springs. The linear displacement transducer is made in the form of a line of reed switches mounted on the central rod and a tape magnet fixed at one end on the inner surface of the parabolic spring in its central part, and the other end of which is placed on the line of reed switches with the possibility of movement along it. The linear displacement transducer is equipped with a thrust ring for adjusting its zero position, mounted coaxially on the central shaft with emphasis on the outer surface of the parabolic spring.

Such a device for measuring vertical strains is characterized by the presence of complex nodes in the strain transfer elements, which generally complicates the design.

The technical result is to simplify the design of the device, increase its reliability and create the ability to measure vertical deformations of the walls of the trunks.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for determining deformations of the rock massif containing fasteners, a strain transfer element, a linear displacement transducer in the form of a line of reed switches and a tape magnet with a display unit for a recording device connected to it, is equipped with a sensor with an adjusting screw and a thrust spring, fixed on the upper mounting element, while the strain transfer element is made in the form of a movable rod, one end of which is attached to a thrust spring and It becomes in abutment with the adjusting screw and the other end connected to the lower member by fastening stretched string.

Brackets can be used as an attachment element.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows the inventive device. A device for determining vertical deformations contains the upper 1 and lower 2 fasteners mounted on the same vertical in the side wall of the barrel. A sensor 4 is mounted on the upper fastening element 1 with the help of a nut 3, which is made with the strain transfer element located inside the rod in the form of a movable rod 5 connected to the lower fastening element 2 using a stainless steel string 10. A tension device is installed on the string 10 - a lanyard 11, with which you can not only adjust the tension of the string 10, but also move the movable rod 5 to the zero position. The linear displacement transducer is made in the form of a line of reed switches 13 and a tape magnet 6. The line of reed switches 13 is fixed in the stationary body of the sensor 4 in the form of a plate with reed switches 13 made of dielectric material and placed in increments equal to the required measurement accuracy. The length of the line of reed switches 13 is determined by a predetermined value of permissible deformations. Reed switches 13 are connected to the display unit 7 of the recording device 8 using a cable 9.

A device for determining vertical deformations works as follows. On the side walls of the barrel with the help of fasteners 1 and 2, fixed on the same vertical, install the device at the desired depth. The sensor 4 is rigidly fixed to the upper mounting element 1 using a fixing nut 3. Using a string 10 through the lanyard 11, the movable rod 5 of the sensor 4 is connected to the lower mounting element 2. Then, using the lanyard 11, move the movable rod 5 to the selected zero position, depending on type of expected vertical deformation of the lining. When measuring compressive strains, the movable rod is extended as far as possible from the sensor body until the last reed switch 13 is triggered, and when measuring tensile strains - the first reed switch 13. Using a multi-core cable 9, connect the conclusions of the linear displacement transducer to the indicating unit 7. Vertical strains are transmitted through the string 10 to the movable the rod 5 of the sensor 4, which moves up or down. In this case, the tape magnet 6 is moved, which is rigidly fixed to the movable rod 5 of the sensor 4. From the magnetic field of the magnet 6, the corresponding contacts of the reed switches 13 located in its area of operation are activated, which is fixed by the indicating unit 7. The tape magnet 6 holds all the contacts with its magnetic field the reed switches 13 blocked by him in a closed state, thereby preserving the full amount of information. The recording device 8 with an indication unit 7 is carried to the surface or to a nearby mine. The magnitude of the vertical deformations is determined by the number of triggered reed switches 13 multiplied by their installation step, which is selected depending on the required measurement accuracy.

The device improves the reliability of measurements, and also makes it possible to measure the vertical deformation of the walls of the trunks.

Claims (2)

1. A device for determining deformations of a rock massif containing fasteners, a strain transfer element, a linear displacement transducer in the form of a line of reed switches and a tape magnet with a display unit for a recording device connected to it, characterized in that it is equipped with a sensor with an adjusting screw and a thrust spring mounted on the upper fastening element, while the strain transfer element is made in the form of a movable rod, one end of which is attached to a thrust spring and installed with om in the adjusting screw and the other end connected to the lower member by fastening stretched string. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the brackets are used as the fastening element.

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