RU2425729C1 - Knee press with hydraulic drive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building. ^ SUBSTANCE: knee press with hydraulic drive consists of a bed with a first and second cross bars and poles. A working slider dividing space between the cross bars is installed in guides of the poles. A punch is positioned in first space between the first cross bar and the slider. At least one knuckle-joint leverage with the first and second levers is positioned in second space between the second cross bar and the slider. The hydraulic drive has at least one hydraulic cylinder. The press is equipped with at least one additional slider travelling in additional guides perpendicular to the guides of the working slider. In the additional slider there is an orifice perpendicular to the additional guides; in the orifice there is installed a link with a hinge connecting it with an end of the first lever of the knuckle-joint leverage. ^ EFFECT: accumulation of kinetic energy sufficient for work piece deformation for a short time of punch contact with it. ^ 13 cl, 8 dwg, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of forging and mechanical engineering, namely to stamping presses, mainly to hot stamping presses.

Known crank presses designed to perform operations of cold and hot calibration, stamping and extrusion of reliefs [Engineering. Encyclopedia / Editorial Council: K.V. Frolov et al. - M.: Mechanical Engineering. Machines and equipment of forging and stamping and foundry. Volume IV-4 / Yu.A. Bocharov, I.V. Matveenko et al., 2005], [1], p.276-280.

The press actuator consists of a four-link articulated joint, to the movable joint of the rocker arm of which a lever with a slider is connected through the joint. When the press is operating, the maximum angle of deviation of the rocker arm from the axis of the press is in the range of 30-40 °. The maximum speed of the slider does not exceed 0.3 m / s. The maximum initial rate of deformation of a workpiece during a working stroke is not more than 0.15 m / s [1, p. 278, Fig. 3.9.2]. The stroke frequency of the slider for various presses is 20-60 min ^-1 with a nominal force of 1.00-20.00 MN.

The disadvantage of hot calibration or stamping on crank presses is the long contact time of the stamp with the hot workpiece and, as a consequence, the low resistance of the stamps and the inability to hot stamp small workpieces (for example, for tools: wrenches, nippers) due to their quick cooling after laying in stamp.

A known approximate range of time and initial deformation rate for forging and stamping machines used for hot stamping of blanks [Bocharov Yu.A. Forging and stamping equipment. - M.: Publishing Center "Academy", 2008], [2], p.10 (table 1).

Table 1 Ranges of time and initial speed of deformation of the workpiece for various forging and stamping machines Name of forging and stamping machines Workpiece deformation time, s The initial speed of deformation of the workpiece, m / s Hydraulic presses 5 · 10 ^-1 -5 Up to 0.5 Crank presses (1-5) · 10 ^-1 0.4-0.5 Crank presses (1-5) · 10 ^-1 0.10-0.15 Hydraulically driven knee presses 10 ^-2 -10 ^-1 0.5-1.5 Punching hammers 10 ^-3 -10 ^-2 5-8

Known hydraulic stamping hammers [2, p. 404-420, Bocharov Yu.A., Khorychev A.A. "Hydraulic stamping hammers." - M .: NIIMASH, 1974], the method of drive of which is to expose the working medium (air, gas or liquid) through the rod or through the piston and rod to the slider (head) to disperse them in order to accumulate kinetic energy of translational motion on the slider the course of approaching the workpiece and deformation of the workpiece due to the kinetic energy accumulated by the slider. Part of the kinetic energy passes into the energy of elastic deformation of the slider (woman) and the Shabot, which again turns into kinetic energy, providing a mutual rebound of the slider and the Shabot and, as a result, a short deformation time of the workpiece, 0.001-0.005 s, and its contact with the half of the die fixed on crawler. A hot billet of small mass or small thickness does not have time to cool significantly during a short deformation time, so the die cavity is well filled with metal. This effect is ensured by the use of hydraulic stamping hammers (GSM) in the blank production of tool factories, however, due to difficult working conditions and difficulties in automating the process of hot stamping of blanks on hammers, their use in forging and stamping is reduced.

Known knee-lever press with pneumatic drive [patent RU No. 2338645 from 10/11/2003]. The pneumatic drive in comparison with the hydraulic one has a low efficiency and does not allow to develop a large deformation force necessary for stamping workpieces.

Known presses with a drive from horizontally located hydraulic and hydraulic screw cylinders, the moving parts of which are attached to the hinge assembly [a.s. SU No. 166239 dated 07/06/1962, and.with. SU No. 261171 dated 12/27/1968]. The peculiarity of the operation of such knee presses is that when the slider approaches the workpiece, there is an increase in the fluid supply to the hydraulic screw cylinder, an increase in the angular velocity of rotation of the hydraulic screw cylinder, as well as its linear velocity and, accordingly, the angular velocity of the levers and linear velocity of the hinge assembly to 0, 85 m / s [2, p. 110, fig. 11.3.] And, possibly, up to 1.5 m / s [2, p. 53].

The deformation is carried out due to the kinetic energy accumulated by the moving parts of the hydraulic screw drive, mainly the hydraulic screw cylinder, at an initial workpiece deformation rate of 0.23 m / s [2, p. 110, Fig. 11.3.a]; the return stroke occurs during the fluid supply to the hydraulic cylinder when the levers of the knee-lever mechanism rotate in the direction opposite to their rotation when approaching the workpiece and when it is deformed, or in the same direction.

The disadvantage of such a hydraulic driven knee press is a large workpiece deformation time (more than 0.01 s) due to the low translational speed of the hydraulic cylinders and the hinge assembly. With a long contact time of a hot workpiece of small thickness with a stamp, it cools to a temperature below the permissible level for deformation.

Known toggle presses with hydraulic drive [DE patent No. 199918700 from 04/26/1999, US patent No. 371049 from 04.10.1887, patent RU No. 2338645 from 11/10/2003, application WO No. 88/05724 from 03/03/1987], each of which consists of

- beds with a first and second cross member and racks connecting them with guides for a working slider mounted movably in the guides and dividing the space between the cross members into a first space between the first cross member and the slider in which the stamp is placed, and a second space between the second cross member and the slider,

- at least one knee-lever mechanism located in the second space, connecting the second cross member to the slider, having a first lever mounted to rotate on an axis or on a shaft in the first cross member and connecting it through a hinge assembly to a second lever connected via slider hinge with working slider,

- a hydraulic actuator having at least one hydraulic cylinder, the moving parts of which are connected to the knee-lever mechanism, and the fixed parts are fixed on the bed in a position perpendicular to the guides of the working slide.

The work of such presses includes the following stages of the work cycle:

- translational and rotational movement of the drive parts of the slider before the deformation of the workpiece, performed when the working fluid is supplied to one of the cavities of the hydraulic cylinder,

- deformation of the workpiece by a force exceeding the force developed by the hydraulic cylinder, while continuing to supply the working fluid to the same cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, but at a higher pressure. After the end of the course of deformation, the working fluid can be fed into the same cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and the levers can rotate in the same direction, making a return stroke of the slider. To perform the next working cycle, the working fluid is supplied to the opposite cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and the levers rotate in the opposite direction.

A disadvantage of the known knee-lever presses driven by a hydraulic cylinder is that acceleration of the moving parts of the drive and the slider and deformation of the workpiece due to the kinetic energy accumulated by them are not provided, the speed of the translational and rotational movement of the parts of the drive of the slider is small, and the contact time of the stamp with the workpiece is large ( 0.5-5 s).

The technical task of the invention is to propose a knee press with a hydraulic drive, in which, when the slider is approaching the workpiece, the kinetic energy of rotating and progressively moving parts would accumulate, sufficient to deform the workpiece in a short contact time between the stamp and the workpiece.

The technical problem is solved in the knee press, consisting of

- beds with the first and second crossbars and racks connecting them with guides, a working slider mounted movably in the guides and dividing the space between the crossbars into a first space between the first cross member and the slider in which the stamp is placed, and a second space between the second cross member and the slider;

- at least one knee-lever mechanism located in the second space, connecting the second cross member to the slider, having a first lever mounted to rotate on an axis or on the shaft in the second cross member and connecting it through the hinge assembly to the second lever connected via slider hinge with a working slider;

- a hydraulic actuator having at least one hydraulic cylinder, the moving parts of which are connected to the knee-lever mechanism, and the fixed parts are fixed to the frame perpendicular to the guides of the working slide,

wherein the press has at least

- one additional slider installed with the possibility of movement in additional guides mounted on the frame perpendicular to the guides of the working slide, and connected to the moving parts of the hydraulic cylinder;

- a hole in the additional slider perpendicular to its guides,

- a link mounted movably in the hole of the additional slider with a hinge connecting it to the end of the first lever, while the length of the link is greater than the height of the additional slider by at least half the stroke of the working slider.

The knee press may have a knee link mechanism in which

- the first lever is a two-armed and consists of a first shoulder connected through a hinge assembly with a second lever, and a second shoulder located behind the axis or shaft in line with the first shoulder;

- additional guides are fixed on the second cross member; the link placed in the hole of the additional slider is connected by a hinge to the end of the second shoulder of the first lever.

The knee press may have a knee-lever mechanism, in which the hinge unit has a link, the ends of which are hinged to the ends of the first and second levers, while the link is placed in the hole of an additional slide installed in additional guides mounted on the struts of the frame in the second space.

The knee press can be installed on the foundation so that the direction of movement of the working slider is horizontal, and the additional slider is vertical.

The end of the first lever and the flywheel can be fixed on the shaft of the knee press.

The knee press with a hydraulic cylinder, in which the additional guides are mounted on the uprights in the second space, can have a knee-lever mechanism in which the first lever is two-armed and consists of a first shoulder connected through a hinge assembly to a second lever and a second shoulder located behind axis or shaft in line with the first shoulder; second additional guides are fixed on the second cross member perpendicular to the guides of the working slide; the second additional slider is mounted movably in the second additional guides, has an opening with a second link placed therein with a hinge at the end connected to the end of the second shoulder of the first lever, a second hydraulic cylinder, the moving parts of which are connected to the second additional slider, is mounted on the second cross member parallel to the second additional guides.

Such a knee press can be installed on the foundation so that the direction of movement of the working slider is horizontal, or so that the direction of movement of the working slider is vertical, and the additional sliders are horizontal.

Distinctive features of the knee press, providing the above technical effect - deformation of the workpiece due to the kinetic energy accumulated by the moving parts during the acceleration stage, for a short contact time of the stamp with the workpiece, are the following:

the press has at least

- one additional slider installed with the possibility of movement in additional guides mounted on the frame perpendicular to the guides of the working slide, and connected to the moving parts of the hydraulic or hydropneumatic cylinder; an opening in an additional slider perpendicular to its guides;

- the link mounted movably in the hole of the additional slider with a hinge connecting it to the end of the first lever, the length of the link being more than the height of the additional slider by at least half the stroke of the working slider;

- one hydraulic cylinder, the moving parts of which are connected to an additional slide, mounted on the bed parallel to the additional guides.

Several design options for the knee press are possible.

In one embodiment of the press structure, the first arm is two-armed and consists of a first arm connected through a hinge assembly to a second arm and a second arm located behind the axis or shaft in line with the first arm;

- the link placed in the hole of the additional slider is connected by a hinge to the end of the second shoulder of the first lever, and additional guides are fixed on the second cross member.

In another embodiment, the hinge unit may have a link, the ends of which are hinged to the ends of the first and second levers, while the link is placed in the hole of the additional slide, and additional guides can be fixed on the stands of the frame in the second space.

The press can be installed on the foundation so that the direction of movement of the working slider is horizontal or vertical, and the additional slider is vertical or horizontal.

The end of the first lever and the flywheel can be fixed on the press shaft, which allows to increase the moment of inertia of the rotating parts of the drive of the working slide.

In the next embodiment, the design of the press, in which additional guides and a hydraulic cylinder are mounted on the stands of the bed in the second space, the first lever is two-armed and consists of a first shoulder connected through a hinge assembly with a second lever and a second shoulder located on the same line as the axis or shaft with the first shoulder

- the second additional guides are fixed on the second cross member perpendicular to the guides of the working slide,

- the second additional slider is mounted movably in the second additional rails, has an opening with a second link placed therein with a hinge at the end connected to the end of the second shoulder of the first lever,

- a second hydraulic cylinder, the moving parts of which are connected to the second additional slider, is mounted on the second cross member parallel to the second additional guide.

The above set of features of the press was not found when conducting patent information research, therefore, the technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty." This set of features is not typical for the design of stamping knee presses and does not follow clearly from the level of forging and stamping equipment. In addition, it is the proposed new set of features that characterizes the design of the knee press, in which moving parts can accumulate kinetic energy sufficient to deform the workpiece due to the energy of the working fluid coming from the hydraulic drive into the hydraulic cylinder.

Figure 1 shows a structural diagram of a knee press with a hydraulic drive with an additional slider, movable in guides on the upper cross member.

Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a knee press with additional guides and a slider in the second space of the press.

Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a knee press with two additional guide sliders and hydraulic cylinders.

Figure 4 is a structural diagram of a knee press with a hydraulic drive mounted horizontally on the foundation.

Figure 5 is a structural diagram of a knee press with a hydraulic drive with two vertically located hydraulic cylinders mounted horizontally on the foundation.

Figure 6 shows a diagram of the dependence of the initial speed of deformation of the workpiece from the angle of rotation of the first lever.

7 is a diagram of the dependence of the initial speed of deformation of the workpiece on the length of the first lever.

On Fig is a diagram of the dependence of the duration of deformation of the workpiece on the maximum peripheral speed of the knee joint and on its speed at the end of the deformation of the workpiece.

Knee press (Fig.1-5) consists of

- beds 1 with the first 2 and second 3 crossbars and racks 4 connecting them with the guides 5, the working slide 6, mounted movably in the guides 5 and dividing the space between the crossbars 2 and 3 into the first space 1a between the first crosspiece 2 and the slider 6, in which a stamp is placed, and a second space 7b between the second 3 cross member and the slider 6,

- at least one knee-lever mechanism 8 located in the second space connecting the second cross member 3 with the slider 6, having the first lever 9 mounted for rotation on an axis or on the shaft 10 in the second 3 cross member and connecting it through the hinge unit 11 with a second lever 12 connected through a slide hinge 13 with a working slide 6,

- a hydraulic actuator having at least one hydraulic cylinder 14, the movable parts 15 of which are connected to the knee-lever mechanism 8, and the stationary parts 16 are mounted on the frame 1 in a position perpendicular to the guides 5,

wherein the press has at least

- one additional slider 17, mounted with the possibility of movement in additional guides 18, mounted on the frame 1 perpendicular to the guides 5 and connected to the moving parts of the hydraulic cylinder; the slider 17 has an opening perpendicular to its guides 18,

- link 20 mounted movably in the hole 19 of the additional slider 17 with a hinge 21 connecting it to the end of the first lever 9.

In the embodiment of the knee press (Fig. 1), the first lever 9 is two-armed and consists of a first arm 22 connected through a hinge assembly 11 with a second arm 12, and a second arm 23, located behind the axis or shaft 10 in line with the first arm 22 .

In this embodiment, additional guides 18 are secured to the second cross member 3; link 20, located in the hole 19 of the additional slide 17, is connected by a hinge 21 to the end of the second shoulder 23 of the first lever 9.

In embodiments of the knee press (FIGS. 2-5), additional guides 24 are mounted on the struts 4 of the bed 1 in the second space 7, the hinge assembly 25 has a link 26 of length l (FIG. 2), the ends of which are connected by hinges 27a and 27b to the ends of the first 9 and the second 12 levers, while the link 26 is placed in the hole 28 of the additional slider 29 of height h (Fig. 2), and the length of the link 25 is more than the height of the slider 29 by more than half the stroke H (Fig. 2) of the working slider 6 (l> H + h).

Depending on the technology designed, the knee press can be installed on the foundation so that the direction of movement of the working slider 6 is horizontal, and one additional slider 29 (figure 4) or two additional sliders (figure 5) is vertical.

On the shaft 10 of the press can be fixed to the first lever 9 and the flywheel 30 (figure 2).

The knee press (Fig. 3), having additional guides 24, mounted on the uprights 4 in the space 7, can have a two-arm first lever 9, consisting of a first arm 22 connected through a hinge assembly 25 with a second arm 12, and a second arm 23 located behind the axis or shaft 10,

- the second additional guides 18 are fixed on the second cross member 3 perpendicular to the guides 5,

- the second additional slider 17 is mounted movably in the second additional guides 18, has an opening 19 with a second link 20 placed therein with a hinge 21 at the end connected to the end of the second shoulder 23 of the first lever 9,

- a second hydraulic cylinder 14, the movable parts 15 of which are connected to the second additional slider 17, is mounted on the second cross member 3 parallel to the second additional guide 18.

A knee press having two additional sliders 17 and 29 attached to the knee-lever mechanism, movable in additional guides 18 and 24, and cylinders 14 and 22, can be mounted on a foundation (not shown) so that the direction of movement of the working slide 6 is horizontal, and additional sliders 17 and 29 - vertical.

The hydraulic drive is preferably a pump-accumulator, providing high efficiency of the knee press, largely due to modern software control systems; used in forging and stamping equipment [1, p. 495-500; RU patent No. 2334583, http://molot-npp.ru]. The pump-accumulator drive of the knee press (Figs. 1-5) consists of a tank 31 with a working fluid, with systems for regulating its temperature and filtration (not shown), an electric motor 32 with a pump (not shown), a hydraulic accumulator 33, a control unit 34 and highways connecting the elements of the hydraulic actuator with the cavities of one (figure 1, 2, 4) or two (figure 3-5) hydraulic cylinders.

The working cycle of the proposed knee press includes the following steps:

- acceleration of the moving parts of the knee-lever mechanism 8, the hydraulic cylinder 14 or 22, the additional slider 17 or 29 (Figs. 1, 2, 4), the slider 6 or the knee-lever mechanism 8, the hydraulic cylinders 14 and 22 and two additional sliders 17 and 29 and a slider 6 (FIGS. 3-5) for accumulating kinetic energy in the process of their movement until the workpiece begins to deform;

- deformation of the workpiece due to kinetic energy accumulated by the moving parts of the press;

- the return stroke of the working slider 6 and moving parts,

When the pump-battery drive, the acceleration of moving parts can be performed until the first lever 9 reaches the maximum angular velocity, selected from the range:

where ω _max - the maximum angular velocity of the first lever 9, achieved by the beginning of the deformation of the workpiece;

l is the distance between the centers of the axis of rotation or of the shaft 10 and the hinge assembly 11 (in FIG. 1) or 27a (in FIG. 2).

To reduce the mass of moving parts, the angular velocity must be increased, and to reduce the dynamic loads on the press and the foundation during deformation, as well as to increase the efficiency of the press, the maximum acceleration speed must be reduced, so it is advisable to accelerate the moving parts until the first lever 9 reaches the maximum angular velocity selected out of range:

радиан, и за счет изменения угла поворота при разгоне можно регулировать величину кинетической энергии, накапливаемой подвижными деталями.Depending on the conditions of the stamping process, acceleration and deformation are performed at the angle of rotation of the first lever 9 adopted for knee presses, selected from the range

radian, and by changing the angle of rotation during acceleration, you can adjust the amount of kinetic energy accumulated by moving parts.

To reduce the duration of the stamping process and the contact time of the workpiece with the stamp, the deformation of the workpiece is completed when the angular velocity of the first lever 9 exceeds ω _d > 0.1ω _max s ^-1 , but not more than 3.2 m / s, where ω _d is the angular velocity of the first the lever 9 at the end of the deformation of the workpiece, and the return stroke of the slider 6 occurs when the parts of the knee-lever mechanism 8 and the hydraulic cylinder move in the same direction as during acceleration. At a lower angular speed of the first lever 9, the contact time of the workpiece with the stamp may exceed the value allowed by the stamping conditions of the thin-walled hot workpiece (0.05 s).

радиан при движении подвижных деталей в том же направлении, что и при их разгоне и деформировании заготовки, а следующий рабочий цикл совершается при ускоренном движении подвижных деталей пресса в направлении, противоположном их движению при предыдущем рабочем цикле, до достижения при их разгоне угловой скорости первого рычага 9 и величины кинетической энергии подвижных деталей пресса, достаточной для деформирования заготовки в штампе.To fully utilize the performance of the press, a return stroke is made at an angle of rotation of the first lever 9, selected from the range

radian when moving moving parts in the same direction as during their acceleration and deformation of the workpiece, and the next working cycle is performed when the moving parts of the press are accelerated in the direction opposite to their movement during the previous working cycle, until the angular velocity of the first lever is reached during their acceleration 9 and the kinetic energy of the moving parts of the press, sufficient to deform the workpiece in the stamp.

In order to achieve the productivity of the stamping process on a hydraulic-driven knee-type press, not less than on a hydraulic stamping hammer, the frequency of the press's working cycles can reach 90 min ^-1 at the nominal kinetic energy of the slide drive parts.

The initial deformation rate of the workpiece is determined by the formula:

υ _{n.d. = ω max · l · sinγ ∂} = υ Omax · sinγ ∂,

where υ _n.d. - the initial speed of deformation of the workpiece and, accordingly, the slider 6 with the upper half of the stamp; at l = 0.5 m υ _n.d. = 3 ÷ 8 sinγ _d , m / s;

υ _Omax - peripheral speed of the center of the knee joint 11 (Fig. 1, 3) and 27a (Fig. 2, 3, 5), υ _Omax = 3 ÷ 8 m / s;

γ _d - the angle between the axis of the press (guide slide) and the first lever 9 of the knee-lever mechanism 8 at the beginning of the deformation of the workpiece,

γ _d = 45 ° -γ _p ,

where γ _p is the angle of rotation of the first lever 9 during acceleration,

l is the distance between the centers of the axis or shaft 10 of the first lever 9 and the knee joint 11 or 27a.

The magnitude of the stroke of the working slider 6 during deformation of the workpiece

H _d = 2l (l-cosγ _d ).

The diagram of the dependence of the initial speed of deformation of the workpiece at υ _Omax = 3, 4, 6, 8 m / s and γ _d = 7 °, constructed according to table 2, is shown in Fig.6. At υ _Omax = 8 m / s, the initial deformation rate is υ _n.d. = 1.5 m / s occurs at γ _d ≈5.5 °.

The diagram of the dependence of the speed of the slider 6 at the beginning of deformation on the length of the first lever 9 is shown in Fig.7.

table 2 The initial speed of deformation of the workpiece depending on the maximum angular velocity of the first lever 9 with equal lengths (0.5 m) of the first lever 9 and the second lever 12 Angle γ _d , deg sin γ _d The magnitude of the course of deformation of the workpiece H _d mm The initial speed of deformation of the workpiece, m / s The angular velocity of the first lever 9 at the beginning of the deformation of the workpiece, c ^-1 6 8 12 16 one 0.018 0.2 0.108 0.144 0.216 0.288 2 0,035 0.7 0.210 0.280 0.420 0.560 3 0,052 1.4 0,300 0.400 0,600 0,800 four 0,069 2.5 0.420 0.560 0.840 1,120 5 0,087 3.9 0.520 0.700 1,040 1,400 6 0.105 5.5 0,600 0,800 1,200 1,600 7 0.122 7.4 0.750 1,000 1,500

A method of operation of a knee-lever press with a hydraulic drive is proposed, in which the functional parameters of the knee-lever press and the deformation process (the initial deformation rate of the workpiece (Fig.6), the duration of the deformation step (Fig.8), the duration of the working cycle of the knee-lever press and stroke frequency) occupies an intermediate position between the parameters of the deformation processes on a hydraulic stamping hammer and a screw press.

Given that the recommended speed of hot deformation of steels are in the range of 0.6-2.5 m / s [Bocharov Yu.A. Screw presses. M .: "Mechanical Engineering", 1976, p.39], the use of a hydraulic pump-accumulator drive can significantly increase the technological capabilities of knee presses with a hydraulic drive by increasing the speed of the working slide and reducing the duration of the workpiece deformation process.

Table 3 Comparison of the parameters of the process of deformation of the workpiece for a knee-lever press with a hydraulic drive and other stamping machines Name of forging and stamping machines Workpiece deformation process parameters The duration of the working cycle t _C , s Frequency of working strokes with nominal energy n, min ^-1 The initial strain rate υ _n , m / s The duration of the deformation process t _d , s Hydraulic Punching Hammers 3-8 10 ^-3 -10 ^-2 0.75-1.5 40-90 Hydraulic-driven knee-lever presses operating according to the proposed method 0.5-1.5 5 (10 ^-3 -10 ^-2 ) 0.75-1.5 40-90 Hydraulic Screw Presses 0.5-1.5 10 ^-2 -10 ^-1 1-3 5-40 Electromechanical Knee Link Presses 0.10-0.15 10 ^-1 -5 · 10 ^-1 1-3 20-60

A decrease in the peripheral speed of the knee hinge 11 or 27a below 3 m / s causes a significant increase in the duration of the deformation process to 0.05 s, and its increase of more than 8 m / s leads to a significant increase in the initial speed of deformation of the workpiece, to shock phenomena, to a decrease in the hydraulic drive efficiency and increase its value.

Claims (13)

1. A hydraulic driven knee press, comprising a bed with first and second crossbars and racks connecting them with guides, a working slider mounted movably in the rails and dividing the space between the crossbars into a first space between the first crossbar and the slider in which the stamp is placed, and the second the space between the second cross member and the slider, at least one knee-lever mechanism located in the second space connecting the second cross member with the slider having the first lever, are installed with the possibility of rotation on an axis or on a shaft in the second cross member and connecting it through a hinge assembly with a second lever connected through a slide hinge to a working slider, a hydraulic drive having at least one hydraulic cylinder, the moving parts of which are connected to the knee-lever mechanism, and the fixed ones are fixed on the bed perpendicular to the guides of the working slide, characterized in that it is equipped with at least one additional slide installed with the possibility of movement in additional guides mounted on the bed perpendicular to the guides of the working slider connected to the moving parts of the hydraulic cylinder and made with an opening perpendicular to the additional guides and movably mounted in the specified hole of the additional slider by a link with a hinge connecting it to the end of the first lever of the knee-lever mechanism. 2. The press according to claim 1, characterized in that the first lever is two-armed and consists of a first arm connected through a hinge assembly to a second arm and a second arm located behind the axis or shaft in line with the first arm, with additional guides fixed on the second cross member, the link placed in the hole of the additional slider is hinged to the end of the second shoulder of the first lever. 3. The press according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional guides are mounted on the stands of the bed in the second space, while the hinge unit has a link installed in the hole of the additional slide, the ends of which are connected by hinges to the ends of the first and second levers, the link being of length , which exceeds the height of the additional slider by at least half the stroke of the working slider. 4. The press according to claim 3, characterized in that it is mounted on the foundation so that the direction of movement of the working slider is horizontal, and the additional slider is vertical. 5. Press according to claim 3, characterized in that the end of the first lever and the flywheel are fixed on the shaft. 6. The press according to claim 5, characterized in that it is mounted on the foundation so that the direction of movement of the working slider is horizontal, and the additional slider is vertical. 7. The press according to claim 3, characterized in that the first lever is two-armed and consists of a first shoulder connected through a hinge assembly to a second lever, and a second shoulder located behind the axis or shaft in line with the first shoulder, perpendicular to the second cross member second additional guides are fixed to the working slider guides, in which the second additional slider is movably mounted, having an opening with a second link placed therein with a hinge at the end connected to the end of the second shoulder of the first lever, and on the second Perechin second additional parallel guide has a second hydraulic cylinder, the moving parts of which are connected to a second additional slide. 8. The press according to claim 7, characterized in that it is installed on the foundation so that the direction of movement of the working slide is horizontal. 9. The press according to claim 7, characterized in that it is installed on the foundation so that the direction of movement of the working slide is vertical, and the additional slide is horizontal. 10. The press according to claim 7, characterized in that the two-arm lever and the flywheel are fixed on the shaft. 11. The press of claim 10, characterized in that it is installed on the foundation so that the direction of movement of the working slide is horizontal. 12. The press of claim 10, characterized in that it is installed on the foundation so that the direction of movement of the working slide is vertical, and the additional slide is horizontal. 13. Press according to any one of paragraphs.1-12, characterized in that the drive is a battery-pump.

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