RU2425597C1 - Feed plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture and may be used for preparation of animal feed. Proposed plant comprises initial stock sectional hopper, proportioner arranged above it and divided by partitions into sections, their number being equal to that of hopper, discharge opening, crusher and feed discharge conveyors. Proportioner is made up of horizontal auger with turn coiled toward auger center. Four lengthwise flaps fitted on one axle are arranged above auger to deflect from initial vertical position driven by individual screw drives. Part of auger turns above proportioner discharge opening is closed by fixed spring bent to auger turns profile. ^ EFFECT: higher accuracy of proportioning. ^ 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to units for the preparation of animal feed for feeding farm animals.

Known feed mill OKC-15, containing a sieve mill, mixer, elevator with a magnetic column, screws, crusher with a cyclone, grain and flour bins, volumetric screw batchers, inclined, vertical and lower screws [1].

The disadvantage of this feed mill is cumbersome, the complexity of the design and, as a consequence, the large material consumption.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed invention is a feed mill UMK-F-2, including a feed hopper, a metering device and unloading conveyors [2]. The dosing device is made in the form of separate sections with shafts on which spiral blades are fixed, the shafts of the dispensers have a stepwise change in speed. Shafts with spiral blades lead to increased energy intensity, and a stepwise change in the frequency of rotation of the shafts is difficult in design and limits the range and accuracy of metering of the material.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to create a feed mill, ensuring the balance of feed due to the stable dosage of components, reducing the cost of its production.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to simplify the design of the unit, increase the accuracy of the dosage of the components of the feed and reduce energy consumption.

The technical result is achieved in that the feed mill includes a feed hopper, divided into sections according to the number of dosing components, under which a screw dosing device is installed. The metering device is made in the form of a housing with a horizontal screw installed in it, on the shaft of which the coils are counter-wound, which allows the initial components to be moved to the middle of the dispenser when the screw rotates, where there is an unloading window through which they enter the crusher. The housing of the metering device is divided into the number of sections of the hopper (four) transverse stationary and four longitudinal movable partitions located in pairs above the turns of the screw. All partitions are suspended on a common axis, but each of them has an individual screw drive and can rotate over the corresponding part of the screw, changing the flow of material from this section of the hopper.

Figure 1 shows schematically a feed mill; figure 2 is a section DD in figure 1.

The feed mill unit consists of a frame 1, on which a dispensing hopper 5 is fixedly fixed, divided by partitions 6 into four sections A, B, C and D of the original components. A metering device is attached to the overhead hopper, which is made in the form of a housing 3, with a screw 2 installed horizontally in it, on whose shaft the turns are counter-wound, which allows the drive components 10 to move the initial components to the middle of the dispenser housing, where there is an unloading window 13 through which the source material enters the crusher 12. The housing of the metering device is divided into the number of sections of the hopper (four) transverse stationary 8 and four longitudinal movable partitions 9, finding in pairs located above the turns of the corresponding part of the screw 2. Each partition has an individual screw drive 14 (figure 2) and can rotate on the axis, turning above the screw, towards the wall of the section of the housing 3, changing the flow of material from this section, into the part of the screw above which she is situated. To prevent spontaneous outflow of components, part of the turns of the screw 2 above the discharge opening 13 of the dispenser is blocked from above by a cover plate 4 curved in the shape of the screw 2. From the case 3 of the dispenser, the components enter the crusher 12 through the window 13 and after they are crushed, the feed obtained by the unloading conveyors 7 and 11 is removed from unit.

Feed mill operates as follows. The initial components are loaded into sections (A, B, C and D) of hopper 5. In accordance with the compound feed recipe, the dispenser is configured. For this purpose, by rotating the screw mechanism 14 (FIG. 2), each of the four dampers 9 vertically located above the screw 2 is moved to a position that ensures the required supply by the screw 2 of each of the components (A, B, C, D) to the crusher 12. Dosing mass the component is indicated on the pre-calibrated scale of each damper actuator.

The components received in the crusher 12 are crushed, mixed and, in the form of finished feed, the screws 7 and 11 are sent to the hopper (not shown in Fig. 1) for storage and temporary storage.

The use of a feed-feed unit with a combined metering device in the form of a screw with counter winding of turns over which movable dampers are installed allows steplessly and over a wide range to change the mass of the dosed components with greater accuracy and with less energy. The use of one multicomponent batcher in the feed-feed unit greatly simplifies its design and increases the reliability of operation.

Literature

1. Melnikov S.V. Mechanization and automation of livestock farms. - L .: Kolos, 1978, p. 225-227.

2. Tregub L.I., Privatov M.N. Feed shops for pig farms and complexes. - M .: Agropromizdat, 1990, p. 112-116.

Claims (1)

Feed mill unit, comprising a sectional hopper of the feedstock and a metering device fixed under it, divided by partitions into the number of sections of the hopper, an unloading window, a crusher and unloading conveyors of the finished feed, characterized in that the metering device is made in the form of a horizontal screw, in which the turns have an opposite to winding is screwed to the center of the screw, and four longitudinal shutters are installed on the same axis with the possibility of deviation from the initial vertical position using individual screw n ivodov, wherein a portion of the turns of the screw of the unloading opening of the feeder from above overlapped fixed plate, curved along the profile of the screw turns.

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