RU2423727C2 - Method for geo-ecological monitoring with integral-complex estimation of environmental hazard index - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: environmentally hazardous toxic-contaminated and earthquake-prone areas are selected. Geo-ecological monitoring with integral-complex estimation of the environmental hazard index Io is carried out. The monitoring is carried out using a linear and/or root-mean-square form of approximating the component of the environmental hazard index. Conclusions on the monitoring results are made from the integral-complex estimation of the environmental hazard index Io, using results of chemical analysis of samples of bottom sediments and water. The samples used are collected from a selected cell for analysing the area of the environment. Normal and gradient geophysical i-poles on the area of the environment are used based on: a dimensionless root-mean-square distribution parameter Ii equal to the product of the risk index Ri and the frequency (units ) Ωi of its manifestation. The values are determined separately for each component Ii of the index Io. Ii=Σi(RiΩi), where Ωi=ΔXi/σi, and ΔXi=(Xi-Xi,av) denote deviation from the average, Xi,av is the average value Xi, σi²=(l/(n-l)Σ₁(Xi-Xi,av)² is standard deviation, σi is square deviation of the random value Xi, and estimation of the significance of each component of Ii. Points of the scale m are calculated for each i-th parameter of the component Ii , where m (Io)=(l/k)Σm(Ii)Ii i, and k is the number of the component Ii of the Io index.

EFFECT: broader functionalities.

24 cl, 5 dwg, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to environmental geophysics, in honesty, to methods for detecting technogenic pollution of soils and bottom sediments in areas of industrial production and indirectly determining the degree of pollution and identifying its specific sources.

At the same time, the invention relates to the field of technology for geo-ecological monitoring of the shelf, with an integrated integrated assessment (ICE) of the Io index of environmental hazard, based on the joint, and under certain conditions of total use and processing of measurements of these components that make up the generalized Io index.

The invention is known "A method for determining technogenic pollution of soils and bottom sediments by metals", application RU 93030153, publ. 1995.12.27, IPC G01N 33/24, G01R 33/16, including a measurement characterizing the degree of contamination of the parameter in the background and the studied areas, according to which pollution is judged by the ratio. However, it solves the narrow task of determining the presence of heavy metals, and does not perform it on the basis of geoecological monitoring with an integrated integrated assessment of the ecological hazard index Io for each “component” of the shelf environment.

The invention is known "Assessment of the intensity of soil pollution by heavy metals according to the monitoring of snow cover", application RU 2005136412, publ. 2007.06.10, IPC G01N 33/24, which includes the assumption as a standardization for a new indicator, reflecting the receipt of heavy metals in the allocated area of the territory and determining the intensity index, obtaining quantitative information linking in one indicator the mass of heavy metals entering the controlled territory and their general sanitary characteristics (MPC). The invention solves the narrow task of determining quantitative information, linking in one indicator the mass of heavy metals entering the controlled territory and their general sanitary characteristics (MPC). However, it does not allow for geoecological monitoring with an integrated integrated assessment (IKO) of the Io index, carried out with the goal of long-term and automatic monitoring separately for each component of the medium at the same shelf points.

The invention is known "Method of electromagnetic sounding of the earth's surface", patent RU 2298210, publ. 2007.04.27, IPC G01V 3/08, which includes excitation by an electromagnetic field by introducing an electric current into the Earth, followed by measuring the signal, followed by measuring the signal of the secondary electromagnetic field, which determines the state of the medium and fixes it with obtained time sections. It relates to geoelectrical exploration and can be used in the study of a geoelectric section, a direct search for mineral deposits, monitoring the stress state of the environment. However, it does not allow geoecological monitoring with an integrated integrated assessment of the Io index, carried out with the goal of long-term and automatic monitoring separately for each component of the medium (air, water and bottom sediments), at the same shelf points, and to control the composition of bottom sediments and outgoing water-gas mixtures.

The invention is known "Method for determining the effectiveness of environmental measures", patent RU 2313129, Publ. 2007.05.27, IPC G06Q 50/00, G01N 33/00, used in environmental management and auditing. In accordance with it, the result is compared with the cost of achieving it. In this case, the result is expressed in physical terms, and costs - in any economic indicator in monetary terms. Prior to the implementation of measures, pollutants are identified, which include substances whose actual concentration in the sources of pollution exceeds the MPC, and determine the amount of their release into the environment. According to the data obtained, toxic hazards of i-x substances are calculated in all pollution sources falling under the action, the calculated values are summarized, and the dimensionless ones are taken as the sum of toxic hazards, i.e. criterial value. However, it solves the narrow task of determining economic efficiency, and does not carry out on the basis of geoecological monitoring with an integrated-integrated assessment of the ecological hazard index Io for each “component” of the shelf environment.

Assessment of the environmental hazard index of pollution of a multicomponent environment of marine waters is carried out on the basis of determining the degree of negative impact of the parameters of the geological environment on the state of biota and human health. According to the document “Criteria for assessing the ecological situation of territories to identify areas of environmental emergency and ecological disaster zones", approved: in 1992 by the Minister of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources V.I. Danilov-Danilyan, the negative impact of pollution of the geological environment is determined by 5- on a scale such as: 1 - very weak or background, 2 - weak, 3 - medium or moderate, 4 - strong, 5 - very strong. based on a 5-point scale, as follows: 1 - satisfactory, 2 - intense, 3 - critical, 4 - crisis (zone of environmental emergency) and 5 - catastrophic (zone of environmental disaster).

The linear and quadratic approximation forms were previously known only for the pollution component of the shelf of marine waters (V.I. Gurevich et al., Geoecology of Lake Ladoga. Team of Authors, All-Russian Research Institute of Oceanology. - St. Petersburg, 1995).

According to well-known works, relatively simple forms of linear approximation of the hazard index of environmental pollution were mainly used, usually based on the sum of dimensionless parameters represented by the ratio of directly measured random variables to the background value or to the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) value. Let the value of the ith parameter at the jth point (cell) in the case of environmental pollution be determined by a random value Xij and equal to Xij = Cij, where Cij is the content of the i-th parameter at the jth point (cell) of the medium in dimensional units - ppm ,%, etc. Then the sum of dimensionless parameters equal to the ratio of the values of Cij to their background value or to the pdc value of the i-th parameter is:

Σi (Cij, / Cij - background), or Σi (Cij / Cij - maximum).

Despite the relative simplicity of these methods of linear approximation of environmental pollution coefficients, they are applicable for only one component, namely, environmental pollution components, and for some constituent elements of pollution, for example, for radioactive contamination, they are not applicable due to the lack of developed values for the maximum permissible concentration for radionuclides. In addition, due to the large specific gravity and, as a consequence, large diffusion, with time, at a depth of 1 cm, their concentration may be even greater than in the surface layer. The environmental hazard index Io, in addition to the pollution component Ii, s, is also largely determined by such important other components as - bioassay Ii, b; tectonic faults Ii, r; seismic earthquakes Ii, с, which are not taken into account jointly in known estimation methods.

Until now, for the integrated-integrated assessment of the environmental hazard index Io, linear approximation methods have been most often used by the well-known and relatively simple. In addition, the indices of technical pollution Ii, s of the medium were mainly evaluated. These forms are usually based on the use of the sum of dimensionless parameters represented by the ratio of directly measured random variables to the background value or to the MPC value. Therefore, in the case of geoecology, it is necessary, in an integrated-integrated assessment of the geoecological hazard index Io, in addition to pollution of the shelf environment, to take into account the ongoing endogenous and exogenous geological processes.

In the proposed method of geoecological monitoring, on the basis of the physical and mathematical model developed by the authors using both linear and quadratic approximations, it was possible to jointly evaluate for the index Io, the significance value of its components, which are characterized by the following:

- component Ii, s, characterizing the corresponding faults and places of their intersections for toxic pollution (s) separately for water and bottom sediments of the shelf, caused by both natural and negative technological processes of human activity;

- components Ii, b, characterizing the reaction of the selected i-method of biological testing (b), in particular, the method of protein indication according to the content of proteins in the samples;

- components Ii, r, which characterizes, for accounting for endogenous geological processes of the shelf, the frequency, structure (width) and the degree of filtering of gradient bands corresponding to faults and their intersections by toxic pollution (s) separately for water and bottom sediments caused by natural and negative man-made processes of human activity,

- components Ii, c, characterizing, for taking into account exogenous and endogenous geological processes, the shape and temporal features of the hydrogeodeformation field (GHD field or seismic activity field) of lithospheric shelf units. The components use both each field individually and the combined gradient geophysical i-fields (magnetic, gravimetric, seismic and other fields).

The technical result of the claimed invention is that the proposed method allows:

- take into account endogenous-exogenous geological processes and natural and technogenic toxic pollution;

- use the linear and rms approximation form of the index Io and its components;

- identify environmentally hazardous 4-5 points on a 5-point scale critical zones and emergency zones;

- identify ecologically dangerous toxic-contaminated shelf sections of marine water bodies and other bodies of water (rivers, lakes, etc.) with a solution to the problem of the possibility of extracting natural marine fauna and flora (fish, crabs, algae, etc.) and identifying the objects of priority treatment works as well as the identification of zones of intense tectonic faults and seismically active zones, taking into account the temporal cyclicity of their activity, which are dangerous for the construction of technical structures (pipelines, drilling platforms, port points onshore line, etc.).;

- to carry out geoecological monitoring with an integrated integrated assessment (ICE) of the Io index, carried out with the goal of long-term and automatic monitoring separately for each component of the medium (air, water and bottom sediments), at the same points (cells) of the shelf, and control the composition bottom sediments and escaping water-gas mixtures (radon, helium, argon, hydrogen, methane, etc.), output intensities, cyclicity and angular velocity of vortex-like rotation, and in the air above the sea surface - the presence of the same gases and wave height above sea surface, geo-environmental monitoring, along with surveying and profiling.

And also on the basis of the proposed method, it is possible to assess the degree of toxic pollution and the place of discharges of toxic substances (lewisite) by the increase in the concentration of arsenic in the sediment samples and the decrease in protein content, as well as the emergency discharge of radioactive waste - based on the decrease in proteins and the increase in the content of the cesium-137 radioisotope . It is also possible to identify seismically active zones, taking into account the temporal cyclical nature of their activity and the degree of fault deformations of rock blocks, which are dangerous for the construction of a number of technical gas and oil facilities (drilling platforms, pipelines on the bottom of the shelf, moorings, port and coastal settlements). The method also allows you to identify the location and danger of tectonic faults, places of vortex zones-channels on the shelf area.

The claimed technical result can be obtained due to the fact that in the method of geoecological monitoring, on the basis of a physical and mathematical model using both linear and quadratic approximations, it was possible to jointly evaluate the significance value of its components for the index Io: - toxic pollution Ii, s; bioassay Ii, b; tectonic faults Ii, r; seismic earthquakes Ii, c), based on the product (RiΩi) of the risk indicator Ri - by the frequency (magnitude) Ωi of its manifestation, determined on the basis of the dimensionless mean-square distribution parameter. The number of components Ii of the Io index used is not strictly regulated, their number may be more or less, depending on the availability of banks of necessary data for marine shelves by geophysical fields and data from past seismic earthquakes.

So, the method of geoecological monitoring includes the identification of environmentally hazardous toxic-contaminated and seismic hazardous areas of the environment, conducting geoecological monitoring with an integrated assessment of the environmental hazard index Io using a linear and / or RMS approximation of the components of the environmental hazard index using the results of chemical analysis of bottom sediment samples and water, selected according to the selected grid study of the area of the investigated medium and normal and gradient g eophysical i-fields on the medium’s area make a conclusion about the monitoring results by the integrated-integrated assessment (ICE) of the environmental hazard index Io, based on the dimensionless mean-square distribution parameter Ii equal to the product of the risk degree indicators Ri and the frequency (range) Ωi of its manifestation defined separately for each component Ii of the index Io, with Ii = Σi ( Ri Ωi), where Ωi = ΔXi / σi, and ΔXi = (Xi-Xi, cp) is the deviation from the mean, Xi, cp is the average value of Xi, σi ² = (1 / (n-1) Σi (Xi-Xi, cp) ² is the standard deviation, σi is the quadratic deviation of the random variable Xi, and estimates of the significance of each component Ii, while points of the scale m are calculated for each i-th parameter of the component Ii, where m (Io) = (1 / k) Σm (Ii) Iii, and k is the number of index components Ii Io.

At the same time, in particular, the allocation of environmentally hazardous toxic-contaminated areas of the environment is carried out with the definition of the objects of primary treatment. Or, in particular, the selection of environmentally hazardous toxic-contaminated sections of the environment is carried out with the identification of zones of intense tectonic faults and seismically active zones, taking into account the temporal cyclicity of their activity, which are dangerous for the construction of technical structures. In addition, the identification of environmentally hazardous toxic-contaminated areas of the environment is carried out with the identification of toxic-contaminated zones, zones of intense tectonic faults and seismically active zones, taking into account the temporal cyclicity of their activity, which are dangerous for the construction of technical structures. Also, the allocation of environmentally hazardous toxic-contaminated areas of the environment is carried out with the identification of objects for treatment. For example, geoecological monitoring is carried out taking into account the integrated-integrated assessment of the environmental hazard index Io for the components of the Io index - components Ii, s, components Ii, b; components Ii, r; components Ii, r; components Ii, c, where:

component Ii, s - component characterizing the toxic pollution of i-elements of bottom sediments, component Ii, b - component describing the reaction to pollution of the used (or bottom sediments, component Ii, b - component characterizing the reaction to pollution of used) i-biotesting methods , component Ii, r - component characterizing the probability and properties of tectonic faults. Or, for example, measure the magnetic and / or gravitational and / or seismic fields. In particular, they use data from a database of geophysical i-fields - magnetic, gravitational, seismic fields. They can also use data from previously recorded earthquakes and other parameters of the seismic activity field. For example, scale points are calculated using the formula

m (Io) = (1 / k) {m (Ii, s) + m (Ii, b) + m (Ii, r) + m (Ii, c)}.

In particular, the number of index components taken into account for shelf conditions of the Barents and White Seas is k = 4. For the dimensionless rms distribution parameter Iii, for example, the components Ii of the index Io are taken in the form: pollution Ii, s; bioassay Ii, b; tectonic faults Ii, r; seismic earthquakes Ii, p. Geoecological monitoring, taking into account the integrated-integrated assessment of the environmental hazard index Io, is carried out for each “component” of the environment separately for each i-th parameter of the component Ii of the index Io, and / or for each “component” of the environment together. For an integrated assessment (iko) of the environmental hazard index Io, an estimated 5-point scale with scores m = 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 is used for the index Io and its component components Ii, and monitoring is performed based on exponential functions in this case, both the linear approximation form and the quadratic approximation form are used. For example, monitoring is carried out on the basis of an exponential function with changing parameters of the scale m, while using a scale with scores m = 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, and for the exponential function, both the linear approximation form and the quadratic approximation form are used.

In this case, for a linear approximation form, a conclusion is drawn about the monitoring results based on the values of the concentrations or the number of elements:

- for the case of their increase relative to the background, according to the content of Ci, s of toxic pollution elements and the probability of a gradient Ψi, r, and the number of gradient fault bands, taking the values of the concentrations or numbers of elements taking into account their approximation based on a linear shape in the form of an exponential function exp (+ m-1), taking at m = 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, the values are 1.0; 2.7; 7.4; 20 and 55;

- and for the case of their decrease relative to the background - according to the content of proteins (biomass) Ci, b, determined by the biotesting method and the number of earthquakes with an increase in its magnitude Ni, c, taking the values of the concentrations or numbers of elements taking into account their approximation based on a linear form in the form an exponential function of the form exp (-m + 1), with m = 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, having values of 1.0; 0.37; 0.13; 0.05 and 0.018, while the score m = 1 corresponds to the normalized background, with the exponent exp (0) = 1).

For the quadratic approximation form, a conclusion is drawn on the monitoring results based on the Ii components for the dimensionless mean square parameters of the statistical distributions (Ωi), presented in the form ( Ri Ωi) / 15, where 15 is the sum of the scale points:

- for the case of increasing the parameter Ii of the components Ii, s and Ii, r with increasing the score m, taking the values of the components Ii taking into account the quadratic form of their approximation, using the exponential function Ωi (ϕ) ~ {[exp (+ m-2)] -1}, having for m = 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, average values of -0.63 or less; 0; +1.7; +6.4; +20 and more, while the found data ( Ri Ωi) / 15 is averaged, and according to the graph of the dependence of Ωi (ϕ) on the value of m, the average m (Ii) value of the score for each index component is found. In this case, the corresponding “windows” of the range can be taken into account: (-2 ÷ -1) and less; (-1 ÷ + 1); (+ 1 ÷ + 3); (+ 3 ÷ + 10); (+ 10 ÷ + 30) and more;

- for the case when the parameter Ii decreases, the components Ii, s and Ii, r with increasing score m, taking the values of the components Ii taking into account the quadratic form of their approximation in the form of the exponential function Ωi (ϕ) ~ {1- [exp (+ m-2)] } having, for m = 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, average values of +0.63 or more; 0; -1.7; -6.4; -20 or less, while the found data ( Ri Ωi) / 15 is averaged, and according to the graph of the dependence of Ωi (ϕ) on the value of m, the average m (Ii) value of the score for each index component is found. In this case, the corresponding “windows” of the range can be taken into account: (+ 2 ÷ + 1) and more; (+ 1 ÷ -1); (-1 ÷ -3); (-3 ÷ -10); (-10 ÷ -30) and less.

Additionally, in the samples for components Ii, s, the relative fraction of the content of the pellitic fraction Cip can be taken into account, taking into account the toxicity qi of individual pi-elements of environmental pollution, according to the formula Ii, s = (1 / pi) Σi (qiΩi / Ci, p).

For the pollution component Ii, s-MPC, the known maximum permissible Ci, s-MPC can be used and for the dimensionless parameter Ci, s / Ci, s-MPC, use the linear approximation form in the form of the exp (+ m-1) function, and as the degree of risk, use the value of Ri-pdc calculated by the formula Ri-pdc = (Ci, s / Ci, s-pdc), and then determine the pollution component Ii, s-pdc according to the formula Ii, s-pdc = (1 / pi ) Σi (Ri-пдкΩi / ΣiCi, р).

The conclusion about the monitoring results can be made on the basis of an additional assessment of toxic contamination for the discharge of a poisonous substance, which is carried out after determining the protein content by the method of protein indication and arsenic content, while the emergency release of radioactive contamination is carried out after determining the protein content and the content of the cesium-137 radioisotope.

For example, the biotesting components Ii, b of the Io index, characterizing the reaction to total toxic pollution, are determined for the method of protein indication by the content of Cb proteins in samples of bottom sediments. In this case, the fractional content of the pellitic fraction Ci, p can be taken into account according to the formula Ii, b ~ Ωi, b / Ci, p.

For example, the components Ii, r of the Io index associated with the probability and properties of tectonic faults and their intersections are determined using dimensionless gradient values of the magnetic geophysical field and / or the combined magneto-gravimetric field, and the gradient Ψi for each i-geophysical field is equal to Ωi, r = (Ψi-Ψ, cp) / σi, and the gradient values Ψi for each i-combined magneto-gravimetric field are Ii, r = ΣiΩi, r = Σi {Ψi-Ψi, cp) / σi}, where σi is the standard deviation calculated by the formula σi ² = (1 / (n-1)) Σ ₁ ⁿ (Ψi-Ψi, cp) ² ; moreover, the conclusion about the monitoring results is carried out taking into account the number and width of the contacting fault bands and the fact that the components Ii, r of the index Io, by filtering near-zero gradient values, take the form of a double gradient strip with maximum and minimum values, and for the intersections of the faults, the components Ii, r index Io take the form of a circular gradient fault bands.

For example, zones of shelf sedimentation traps are additionally located for areas of the area having circular or oval gradient stripes of geophysical fields corresponding to the intersection of faults, and the conclusion about the presence of zones is carried out based on monitoring results, taking into account severe toxic pollution of bottom sediments, the thickness of Holocene sediments, and data biotesting - the degree of reaction to pollution.

For example, using biotesting data, the degree of reaction to pollution is taken as a decrease in the protein content in samples of bottom sediments. For example, they additionally search for components Ii, r on the shelf in the form of vertical “vortex zones-channels” characterizing the connection of the water and air medium, deep voids and air-gas interlayers of gas-oil deposits, and the conclusion on the monitoring results is carried out on the basis of dimensionless gradient values ( Ψi) magnetic and / or combined magneto-gravimetric geophysical i-fields with the release of vortex gas channel zones.

For example, the conclusion about the monitoring results is carried out on the basis of vortex gas zones-channels, which have the form of a “vortex screw” for the gradient magnetic field (Ψi, m).

For example, geoecological monitoring is carried out simultaneously with surveying and profiling for a long time with automatic observation of each component of the medium at the same points (cells) of the shelf, with the intensity of their output, the cyclicality and angular velocity of the vortex-like rotation, and for the components of air above the sea surface they control the presence of those same gases and wave heights above the sea surface.

For example, they carry out long-term geoecological monitoring with automatic observation for air, water and bottom sediments, for the composition of bottom sediments and water-gas mixtures leaving them with automatic observation for radon, helium, argon, hydrogen, methane or carry out long-term geoecological monitoring with automatic observation for radon, helium, argon, hydrogen, methane.

For example, geoecological monitoring is carried out using "reference autonomous surface-underwater stations" of observation located in places of "vortex channels - craters" taking into account the data on monitoring the intensity and cyclicality of anomalous effects, the conclusion about the monitoring results is carried out taking into account that they are precursors earthquakes and other possible sudden catastrophic events. For example, component Ii, from the seismic activity field, is determined on the basis of the number and intensity of earthquakes that occurred, taking into account the geophysical precursors of focal earthquakes. For example, the conclusion about the monitoring results is carried out taking into account the fact that they are associated with global warming,

In particular, component Ii, from the seismic activity field of index Io, is determined on the basis of the number and intensity of earthquakes that have occurred, taking into account the monitoring data of geophysical precursors of focal earthquakes. For example, monitoring data obtained from measurements by magnetometers and / or gas analyzers, and / or seismographs, and / or side-view locators is used. As data for monitoring structures taking into account the cycles of deceleration and acceleration of the Earth's rotation around the Sun, take, for example, data for monitoring compression and extension structures based on the probability and properties of tectonic faults, which are characterized by an anomaly of the aeromagnetic field for monitoring, and data for monitoring the state of hot foci of foci , which are characterized by the degree of fluctuation in the intensity of the deformation field of the bottom topography, the raising or lowering of individual edges of the crater, the filtration of vortex gases, section tions (due to swelling), geomorphological and geophysical anomalies and gradient magnetic strips faults occurring in the "background" of a year-long period of the time change graph of the equation.

For example, for component Ii, with seismic activity and the stress-strain state of the fault system of lithospheric plates, the Kt corrections for the monthly periods of the annual and semi-annual cyclicities in time, calculated on the basis of the equation of time reflecting the difference between the mean and true solar time and varying, are taken as monitoring data in the range from -14 min 27 s to +16 min 24 s, and the Kt correction in dimensionless form is Kt = [(m, min) / (m ₀ = + 16 min)], which is taken into account in the main monitoring equation in form: ((RiΩi) Kt (RiΩi) (1 ± Rt), where Kt≈ (1 ± Rt), where Rt≈ (Rt1 + Rt2) is the correction for the temporal cyclicity equal to the sum of corrections Rt1 and Rt2, where the correction Rt1 is related to the annual time period of the Earth's rotation around Of the Sun and Rt2 is associated with a semi-annual time period due to the inclination of the ecliptic to the equator, which is maximum in February and August of each year, and in the course of the year approaches zero in total. Or, for example, as monitoring data on structures that take into account monthly time deceleration cycles and accelerating the rotation of the earth around the sun, they contain monitoring data on the structures of compression and extension of tectonic faults, which are characterized by: - separation of geomorphological and geophysical anomalies, and monitoring data of gradient magnetic strip faults, which are characterized by the state of hot crater foci and filtering vortex gas flows, as well as monitoring data on changes in the bottom topography occurring due to raising or lowering the edges of the crater against the "background" of the annual period by months of change in the sinusoids of the equation of time.

The technical solution is illustrated by the following drawings and graphs.

Figure 1 shows the dimensionless quadratic complex RiΩi depending on the score m of a linear 5-point scale and the method of finding the average score m of the scale for the values of the RiΩi / 15 complex of individual components Ii: 1 - shelf pollution Ii, s = + 0.45 ; m = 2.28; 2 - fault-gradient stripes, offshore Ii, r = + 1.2; m = 2.8; 4 - “dead” zone of OM discharges, South-land region Io = (1/2) (Ii, s + Ii, b) = 3.9; m = 4.0; 5 - earthquakes, shelf average Ii, s = -0.3 m = 2.6; 6 - earthquakes of magnitude equal to Mi = 6; Ii, c = -0.6; m = 2.7.

Figure 2 shows the results of an integrated-integrated assessment (ICE) of the pollution component Ii, s for all summarized (indicated in the text) 20 component elements of the shelf of the Barents and White Seas.

Figure 3 shows the maps of the integrated integrated assessment (ICE)) of the component Ii, p and the values of fiΩi, p for the shelf of the Barents and White Seas: a, b) normal and dimensional — magnetometric and gravimetric i-fields; c) - the vertical and horizontal components of the gradient of the gravimetric field from a point source; d) is the dimensionless generalized gradient field ΣΩi, p and gradient stripes with the filter фi = (- 0.75 ÷ + 0.75); e) - faults identified on the basis of gradient fields; g) - histograms of the probability of the dimensionless parameter Ωi, p for magnetic, gravitational, and generalized gradient i-fields.

Figure 4 shows the structure and properties of the gradient magnetic and combined magneto-gravitational fields of the southern part of the shelf of the Barents Sea; a, b) - local combined gradient zones (log zones) without filtering (a) and filtering (b) of the gradient (1-6 - Shtokman GKM log zones - interpretation in the text); c, d) is the ring structure of fault intersections for normal magnetic field conditions (numbers 12 and 13) and for gradient magnetic (numbers 10 and 11) and gradient combined magneto-gravitational (numbers 7, 8 and 9) fields.

Figure 5 shows the component Ii, with the seismic activity of the ecological hazard index Io of the frame of the Barents Sea shelf, a) the structural-tectonic diagram and the earthquake epicenters of the frame of the Barents Sea shelf with a magnitude of: (1) M>6; (2) 5 <M>5.9; (3) 4 <M>4.9; (4) 3 <M>3.9; (5) 3 <M (data from VNIIOkeangeologiya). On the inset of the figure there is a crater tube (“hydrothermal hole”) for monitoring earthquake precursors; b) - sinusoids of the equation of time in dimensional (m, minutes) and in dimensionless [(m, min) / (m ₀ = + 8 min)] forms: 1 - a sinusoid to account for the uneven motion of the Earth in its orbit around the Sun; 2 - sine wave accounting for the inclination of the ecliptic to the equator; 3 - the sum of sinusoids for the general accounting of the Earth’s motion ..

The method is implemented as follows.

The used physical and mathematical model of the proposed method of geoecological monitoring, based on which an integrated and integrated assessment of the environmental hazard index Io is performed, is considered on the basis of the combined (joint) action of its individual components: - pollution Ii, s, biotesting Ii, b, tectonic faults Ii , r and seismic activity Ii, c, - taking into account the risk degree Ri, - of each component Ii (toxicity qi of pollution, the number of gradient bands ΔΨi of the fields associated with faults, the number and magnet MI and earthquakes), when the quadratic form of approximation (Ωi) and determining points Io index, provides the following sequence of operations.

1. Creation of a primary data bank for measuring (and / or previously measured) random variables Xij.

2. Breakdown of the area into a system of cells of the selected scale to determine the value of the ith parameter at the jth point (cell) of the random variable Xij.

3. Finding the statistical distributions of the measured random variables Xij in dimensional form for a certain network of j-cells: average distribution Xicp = (1 / n) ΣiXij, deviation from the mean ΔXij = (Xij-Xij, cp) and standard deviation σ _i ² = ( 1 / (nl)) Σ _{j = 1} ⁿ (Xij-Xij, cp) ^{2 of the} random variable Xij and its quadratic deviation σi.

4. Finding the dimensionless root-mean-square parameter of statistical distributions as a complex of dimensional parameters of statistical distributions, as Ωj = ΔXij / σi and sorting the found values of Ωi by the corresponding “windows” of its range: for components Ii, s and Ii, r as: (+ 2 ÷ +1) and more; (+ 1 ÷ -1); (-1 ÷ -3); (-3 ÷ -10); (-10 ÷ -30) and less; and for components Ii, b and Ii, with as: (+ 2 ÷ + 1) and more; (+ 1 ÷ -1); (-1 ÷ -3); (-3 ÷ -10); (-10 ÷ -30) and less;

5. Accounting for the content of the pelite fraction Cip, as the dimensionless fraction of the weight content of the sample, for the pollution component Iis and the biotesting component Iib, carried out as: Ii = Ωi / Cip.

6. Taking into account the risk indicator Ri of the component Ii with the rms parameter Ωi, based on the product of the quantities (RiΩi), where the Ri property is defined as: - in the case of toxicity (qi) of the pollution elements, the number of fault bands and the range (Δ) of filtering and gradients ( -ΔΨi) of geophysical i-fields, and magnitudes (Mi) of the number of earthquakes that occurred in the seismic zone.

7. The introduction of a normalization function. The normalization function is equal to: (Xij, cp / Xij0, cp), where Xij, cp is the average value of the random distribution value; and Xij0, cp is the same parameter for some “reference” or reference distribution.

8. The general expression for the integrated-integrated assessment of the components Ii of the index Io, taking into account the degree of risk Ri of the component Ii, with a quadratic approximation form (Ωi), smolders like:

The interpretation and features of each of the components of IiΣ will be given in a detailed description of the essence of the proposed method on the example of the conditions of the shelf of the Barents and White Seas.

9. Creation of an exponential 5-point scale for assessing the environmental hazard index Io and its constituent components Ii on the shelf environment. An assessment 5-point scale for the Io index and its constituent components Ii, provides for the use of a scale with scores m = 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, and it is carried out on the basis of the exponential function of changing the scale parameters in the form of both linear and quadratic approximation forms. So, in the case of an increase, relative to the background, of the content of Ci, s elements of toxic pollution and the probability of the gradient Ψi, r, i.e. the number of gradient fault bands, the values of these quantities are approximated on the basis of a linear shape in the form of an exponential function exp (+ m-1), taking at m = 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 values of 1.0; 2.7; 7.4; 20 and 55; and in the case of a decrease, relative to the background, of the protein content (biomass) in the biotesting methods, and the number of earthquakes with an increase in its magnitude, i.e. the content of Ci, b and the number Ni, c, the values are approximated on the basis of the linear form in the form of an exponential function exp (-m + 1), taking values of 1.0; 0.37; 0.13; 0.05 and 0.018. With this linear approximation form, the score m = 1 corresponds to the normalized background, with the exponent exp (0) = 1. When assessing toxic pollution, when the maximum permissible Ci, MPC pollution values are used, the exp function (+ m-1) for the dimensionless parameter Ci / Ci, the MPC scale for m = 1, 2, 3,4, and 5, also takes the values: 1 ; 2.7; 7.4; twenty; 55. The quadratic approximation form for the used dimensionless mean square parameter of the statistical distributions (Ωi) is carried out: in the case of an increase in the properties of the components Ii (Ii, s and Ii, r), on the basis of an approximating exponential function of the form Ωi ~ {[exp (+ m-2 )] - 1}, which has m = 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 values for the scale: -0.63; 0; +1.7; +6.4; +20; and in case of a decrease in the properties of the components Ii (components Ii, b and Ii, c) - on the basis of an approximating exponential function of the form Ωi ~ {1- [exp (+ m-2)}}, which has m = 1, 2 scales for the indicated points , 3, 4 and 5 values of +0.63; 0; -1.7; -6.4; -twenty.

10. The construction of one-component maps and maps of integrated integrated assessment of monitoring data and PPI of the Io index by the authors was carried out on the basis of the ER Mapper software package.

Assessment of the Io index of the environmental hazard of pollution of a multicomponent environment in marine areas is based on determining the degree of negative impact of the parameters of the geological environment on the state of biota and human health. The environmental hazard index determines the appropriate degree of environmental disadvantage; until recently, the negative impact of pollution of the geological environment was usually determined by “qualitative” indicators: 1 - very weak or background, 2 - weak, 3 - medium or moderate, 4 - strong, 5 - very strong. The corresponding degree of environmental disadvantage, as can be seen from Table 1, is also classified by a 5-point scale: 1 - background or favorable, 2 - satisfactory, 3 - tense, 4 - critical, 5 - crisis or a zone of environmental emergency.

The positive and negative values of the dimensionless mean-square complex RiΩi established for the Io index components, presented in Table 1, are converted into a point value m (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) of the linear 5 scale using Fig. 1, which shows the dependences point value m (abscissa axis) versus values (ordinate axis) of the parameter (+ RiΩi / 15) ~ {[exp (+ m-2)] - 1} for components Ii, s and Ii, r (curve: + RiΩi / 15 ) and the parameter (-RiΩi / 15) ~ {1- [exp (+ m-2)}} for the_components Ii, b and Ii, c (curve: -RiΩi / 15). Figure 1 also shows the principle of finding the corresponding average score m of the scale according to the mean square parameter of the individual components of the index Ii, presented in Table 1, as well as abnormal, environmentally hazardous sections (polygons) for the two main components of the index Ii, s and Ii, b Io, Anomalous, environmentally hazardous holes, as will be discussed in more detail below (Fig. 4), include, in particular, the "dead zone" of the South New Earth region (Fig. 4b), for which the ecological hazard index Io is for toxic pollution, as ideally from the graph of Fig. 1 (position 4), corresponds to a score m = 4.0 of the assessment scale (environmental hazard index is critical), and the score is equal to two components: m (Io) = (1/2) (Ii, s + Ii , b) = (1/2) (4.0 + 4.5) = 4.25 (environmental hazard index between critical and emergency) The Belomorsky landfill in the area of Severo-Dvinskaya Bay is also environmentally hazardous (Fig. 2), which It contains, according to data from 85 observation stations (including 12 anomalous), of pollution represented by PH and TM. So two abnormal spots on Cs-137 with an excess of 20-30 times over the background, in Pb with an excess of 10-15 times and for As with an excess of 7-10 times, correspond to emergency dumps of radioactive fuel and lead-arsenic pollution of the mouth of the North Dvina, that according to the graph of Fig. 1 (position 3), the toxic pollution score is m (Ii, s) = 3.3 (environmental hazard index between a tense and critical situation).

An example of the application of the proposed method of geoecological monitoring in the conditions of the shelf of the Barents and White Seas with the assessment of (iko) index Io based on its four components: Ii, s - pollution, Ii, b - biotesting, Ii, r - fault-gradient bands and Ii, c-seismic earthquakes.

The component Ii, s, which determines the toxic pollution of the shelf environment of the Barents Sea and the integrated-integrated assessment of the value of Ii, s. In the process of state monitoring of the geological environment of the shelf (GMGSS) of marine water areas, numerous dimensional parameters are measured that characterize the state and degree of pollution of bottom sediments and water, using both linear and quadratic approximations of the statistical distributions of environmental parameters.

The linear approximation form, in spite of its relative simplicity, does not use the parameters of the statistical analysis of the distributions of random variables and there is no criterion (law) for changing the parameters of environmental pollution to construct estimated point scales. These disadvantages are eliminated in the proposed

a quadratic approximation form for a generalized assessment of the environmental hazard of multicomponent geological environments in marine areas.

The quadratic approximation form for estimating the environmental hazard index Io is associated with finding dimensionless parameters using dimensionless mean square parameters of statistical distributions measured values Xij taking into account the environmental hazard index of each ith parameter. Based on formula (1), for the toxic pollution component Ii, s of the index Io, the features of the mean-square approximation of the parameter of statistical distributions are taken into account the degree of risk Ri, class qi, of the toxic hazard of the ith pollution parameter (Table 2) and the fractional (relative total mass of the sample) Cpi content of the pelitic fraction of the sediment sample in dimensionless units. In this case, the estimate of the ith pollution parameter can be determined on the basis of a dimensionless parameter equal to a complex of dimensionless quantities (qiΩi / Cpi). Then, the general expression for the integrated assessment of the toxic component Ii, s of toxic pollution of the index Io is defined as:

The PPI scale for growth relative to the background, the content of toxic pollution elements is approximated on the basis of the linear form in the form of the exponential function exp (+ m-1), taking at m = 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 values of 1.0; 2.7; 7.5; 20.4 and 55.5. When assessing toxic pollution, when the maximum permissible Ci, MPC pollution values are used, the exp function (+ m-1) for the dimensionless parameter Ci / Ci, the MPC scale for m = 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 also takes the values: 1 ; 2.7; 7.5; 20.4; 55.5. The quadratic approximation form for the used dimensionless mean-square parameter of statistical distributions (Ωi) is carried out on the basis of the proposed approximating exponential function of the form Ωi ~ {[exp (m-2)] - 1}, having for the scale m = 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 values: -0.7; 0; +1.7; +6.3; +19.

The results of applying the method of geoecological monitoring with an integrated assessment of the components Ii, s to establish the area distribution of natural and technogenic pollution of the shelf environment of the Barents and White Seas. State monitoring of the geological environment of the shelf (GMGSS) of the Barents Sea is limited in the north with a latitude of 73 ° N and in the west with a longitude of 30 ° E. The total area of this region of the Barents Sea is 273 thousand km ² and the region of the White Sea is 58 thousand km ² . To build the maps, the GMGSS database was used (about 700 observation points). The analysis of the samples of bottom sediments taken on flights was carried out in the laboratory of marine geoecology of Sevmorgeo. The information is systematized and presented in the form of a database in the DBMS PARADOX format. The ER Mapper software package was used as the main computer-technological database for data processing, implementation of statistical operations, and construction of integrated integrated maps.

Thus, the average integrated-integrated assessment score in the conditions of 5 points for the shelf of the Barents Sea we find in the proposed method as follows. Normalizing the area characterized by this scale point to the entire shelf area, taken as 100% and multiplying by the corresponding scale point, we find the average score for the component Ii, s as: m (Ii, s) = (0.278 × 1) + (0.273 × 2 ) + (0.301 × 3) + (0.08 × 4) + (0.0059 × 5) = 2.36. For the White Sea area, the corresponding average score is set by the value m (Ii, s) = 2.41. In both cases, the environmental hazard index Io, determined by the average toxic pollution score Ii, s, is between “satisfactory” (score m = 2) and “tense” (score m = 3), which is mainly due to the presence of sites of increased concentrations of arsenic and with discharges of toxic and radioactive substances. The established data allow us to conclude about a relatively moderately-intense degree of pollution and the possibility of "self-healing" biota in the main area of the ecosystem of the Barents and White Seas. The territory of the manifestation of intense and life-threatening for biota pollution, taking into account the degree of toxicity of the present pollution components, and corresponding to a score of 4 scales, is about 6% for the shelf region of the Barents Sea and 4.3% for the White Sea. The main contribution to the general pollution of bottom sediments, taking into account the toxicity of the components, is made by the group of heavy metals As Cu Zn Ni, radionuclides Cs-137, Ra-226, and from organic pollutants - PAHs and phenols.

Table 2. Class of toxic hazard and MPC value in units of mg / L. Exposure categories The class (q) of toxic hazard in terms of human exposure and the MPC value in units of mg / L (parameter / MPC). Type of pollution parameters q = 1 very weak q = 2 weak q = 3 moderately q = 4 dangerous q = 5 is very dangerous Heavy metals Cu / 0.001 Ni / 0.01 Zn / 0.01 Fe / 0.005 Mn / 0.01 Cr / 0.001 Cd / 0.005 Co / 0.01 Pb / 0.1 As / 0.05 Radioactive nuclides Cs-136 Th-232 K-40 Cs-137 Sr-90 Ra-226 Pu-238 Hydrocarbons Toluene / 0.5 Oil /0.05 Kerosene / 0.1 SPAS / 0.5 Phenols (0.001) Xylene / 0.05 Gasoline / 0.1 Benzene / 0.5 Organic Chlorine Pesticides HCH (0.02) Nitrates / 40 Phosphorus / 0.0001 Ammonia / 0.05 DDT / 0.1 Nitrite / 0.08 Ionic composition K / 50 Ca / 180 Mq / 40 Na / 120 Sulphates / 100 chlorides / 300

In figure 2. for the shelf of the Barents and White Seas, the results of an integrated-integrated assessment of the pollution of bottom sediments (in dimensionless units Ωi) are shown by summing the i-parameters for 3 groups of components: hydrocarbons (oil, phenols, PAHs); radionuclides (Ra-226, U-235, Cs-237, Th-232, etc.) and heavy metals (As, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni). with an exponential 5-point rating scale: point 1 - background (ΣiqiΩi = -0.7 or less); score 2 - satisfactory (-0.7 + 0.7); point 3 - intense (0.7-2.7); point 4 - critical (2.7-8); point 5 - crisis, emergency zone (8-30).

According to the results of a generalized assessment of the environmental hazard of natural and technogenic pollution, a number of intensely contaminated shelf polygons with a different proportion of heavy metals, radionuclides, and petroleum hydrocarbons in the bottom sediments are distinguished. The Kola-Murmansk coastal shelf landfill has a pollution composition according to 41 st. observations represented by radionuclides (PH), petroleum carbon (OH), phenols and heavy metals (HM). Their integral impact is determined mainly by 3 points of the rating scale. The “White Sea Throat-Mezenskaya Bay” area, according to data from 15 observation stations, contains 2 pollution spots, mainly represented by radionuclides (U-235); which is possibly the result of an emergency (6-10 Bq / kg with a background of less than 0.1 Bq / kg). According to the data of 85 observation stations (including 12 anomalous) pollution, the Belomorsky polygon (in the area of the Severo-Dvinskaya Guba-Varzuga) contains pollution and TM. So two abnormal spots according to Cs-137 with an excess of 20-30 times over the background, with Pb with an excess of 10-15 times and with As an excess of 7-10 times, apparently correspond to dumps of radioactive and toxic substances) . The Kolguevo-Novaya Zemlya polygon in its composition, the spots of pollution, estimated mainly by 4 points of the scale, are represented by organochlorine compounds of polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) - up to 1.5-2.0 ng / g with a background of 0.05-0.1 ng / g, gamma - HCH at a level of 0.1-0.5 ng / g with a background of 0.03-0.05 ng / g, total oil hydrocarbons of 50-70 μg / g with a background of 15-30 μg / g. In the South Pechersk test site (Guba r. Pecher-Varandey), according to 120 art. of observations, significant contamination with oil hydrocarbons (up to 100-150 μg / t with a background of about 5-10 μg / t), radioactive elements (according to Cs-137 up to 20 Bq / kg with a background of 1-2 Bq / kg and total beta activity of 60-70 units with a background of 1-2 units) and heavy metals (lead up to 80 g / t with a background of 10-15 g / t, arsenic, copper, zinc, etc.). In the Zapadno-Zemlya landfill, natural-technogenic pollution of 4-5 points is mainly represented by heavy metals with a pronounced predominance of lead (with a background of 15-25 g / t to an abnormal 2000-2500 g / t), zinc nickel, arsenic copper, cobalt. The nature of the formation of pollution may be due to the presence of a polymetallic manifestation in the riverbed. The unnamed and demolition component of the ore occurrence. In the Central Barents landfill, natural-technogenic pollution of bottom sediments, estimated on a scale of 4 and 5, is geomorphologically confined to the North Pechersk Upland (3rd-order morphostructure), and more specifically, to its following 4th-order components: North- The Kanin Plateau and the Goose Plateau, separated by the Goose Trench. The composition of the pollution is represented by heavy metals, petroleum hydrocarbons and radionuclides. The fractional content of certain HMs is 4.8% As, 18.9% Cu, 14.5% Ni, 16.1% Pb and 45.8% Zn. The content of these elements in units of ppm (g / t) in the bottom sediments was: As up to 20, Cu up to 200, Ni up to 80, and Zn up to 350. The location of the anomalous contamination represented by radionuclides in area does not completely coincide with the contamination with heavy metals; it is shifted to the northeast to a distance of 50-70 km also in the form of two isolated spots and corresponds to the places of maximum discharge of radioactive waste. Pollution with petroleum carbon falls into the same places, the background values of which correspond to 2-20 μg / g, and the anomalous values correspond to concentrations of 130-200 μg / g.

Component Ii, b of biotesting, which reflects the integrated response of microbial biocenoses to pollution and the integrated-integrated assessment of the values of Ii, b for the shelf of the Barents and White Seas. Along with determining the content of pollutants, test biological methods are also used (biotesting), which record the degree of biota reaction to the presence of pollutants in the environment. Biotesting methods do not respond to environmental pollutants unambiguously. In particular, low molecular weight organic hydrocarbons are the products of the metabolism of microbes and, as a result, an increase in the content of such hydrocarbons causes an increase in the number of microbes. Therefore, the application of biotesting methods should be carried out in combination with geochemical and instrumental (X-ray fluorescence, radiometric, atomic absorption, etc.) methods, in particular with the assessment of oil pollution of the environment, the total assessment of severe toxic (mercury, cadmium, arsenic, pigs, etc.) and radioactive (cesium-137). Among the methods for assessing the quality of the aquatic environment and bottom sediments of the shelf of marine areas, the following are used: biotesting of protozoa culture, sanitary-biological testing, biotesting for the concentration of toxicant in water, biotesting for the concentration of bitumen on oil pollution, biotesting for the concentration of harmful elements in the digestive organs path of benthic organisms (for example, hermit crab) and biotesting according to the concentration in the bottom sediments of proteins (protein indication method). As the main working method of biotesting, we used the biotesting method for protein concentration (protein indication method or a variant of the Bradford method), the analytical support of which was developed in St. Petersburg University (Prof. T.N. Nizharadze).

Based on formula (1), for the bioassay component Ii, b of the Io index, the features of the root-mean-square approximation Ωib of the parameter of statistical distributions of protein content are taken into account the fractional (relative to the total mass of the sample) content of Cpi of the pelite fraction of the sample in dimensionless units, i.e. (Ωib / Cpi) = (Cib-Cib, cp) / σi, and the general expression for the integrated-integrated assessment of the biotesting component Ii, b of the index Io is defined as:

Unlike traditional geochemical studies that control only the presence of polluting harmful substances, the protein indication method fixes the degree of biota reaction to the presence of these polluting substances. A significant advantage over traditional methods of biotesting is that it does not record the reaction of test organisms, which are not necessarily adequate to the reaction of biocinosis as a whole, but the integral response to contamination of the entire microbiota of an object. Microorganisms, which are a living component of soils and bottom sediments, react sharply to the presence of contaminants. Toxic pollutants cause a decrease in the number of microorganisms, and substances subject to biodegradation contribute to its increase. Microorganisms are the most sensitive and universal of all known bioindicators. This is explained by the speed of their reaction to changes in external conditions due to the rigid dependence of microorganisms on the environment, as a source of energy, and the necessary substances for the synthesis of cells. The metabolic rate of microorganisms, especially bacteria, is unusually high compared to macroorganisms. Since the doubling time of their biomass is measured in hours, therefore, a change in the level of microbial biomass quickly reflects the biota's response to environmental pollution and can be considered as an objective quantitative signal about a change in the geochemical environmental conditions that go beyond the usual fluctuations. The total protein in geological objects integrates the protein of microbial cells and their metabolic products, i.e. is an effective indicator of microbiological activity.

The process of sample preparation involves ultrasonic exposure to the sample substance, “shaking off” the silt-clay cover of the sample grains, transferring this fraction to an emulsion or solution. The practical implementation of this sample preparation technology is carried out using the protein indication method to transfer the protein component and the fine pellite fraction from the sample of bottom sediments and soils into an emulsion sample. In this case, “concentration” of the pollutant is achieved, and not its dilution, as in the case of grinding the entire sample. The analytical part of protein biotesting involves staining the separated supernatant with a dye selective for protein and spectrophotometric determination of the concentration of the stained protein-dye complex.

The results of applying the method of geoecological monitoring of the shelf of the Barents and White Seas on the basis of biotesting by the method of protein indication by the protein content in bottom sediments are given in Table 1. As can be seen, the rms complex Ωib, sr is determined by the value of Ωib, sr = -0.06, which according to the graph of the dependence of Fig. 1, the biotesting component score corresponds to the value m (Ii, b) = 2.0.

A method for detecting toxic discharges of toxic substances involves determining the protein content by the method of protein indication and the concentration of arsenic by the X-ray fluorescence method; for radioactive contamination - also determination of protein content in conjunction with radiometric analysis of the content of the cesium-137 radioisotope. A method for isolating toxic toxic substances discharges is considered on the example of the “dead” zone of the South Novozemelny district of the Barents Sea shelf, which has a pollution degree of m = 4.25 on a 5-point rating scale. The main components of the zone pollution are represented by heavy metals, first of all, the most toxic element of As. Its content in the bottom sediments of the anomalous region reaches 250-300 g / t with a background of 3-5 g / t, i.e. exceeds background content by almost two orders of magnitude. The fractional content of arsenic on average per spot is 22.8% (up to 50% in some cases), which is the highest content of arsenic along the shelf of the Barents Sea. Of other heavy metals, an excess of 2–3 times was established over the background content of such elements as lead (15.4%), copper (5.1%), nickel (17.4%), zinc (20%). Of the other pollution components, hydrocarbons were identified as the most harmful PCBs (up to 0.7 ng / g with a background of 0.1-0.2 ng / g). The protein content in the zone is minimal and is only 15-20 with an average background content of about 50 units. The concentrations of total oil products and radionuclides increased in the bottom sediments of this zone were not found above the background. The specific composition of the pollution with arsenic predominating hundreds of times and PCB several times gives grounds to state the technogenic nature of the formation of this pollution, the possible burial of chemical poisonous substances (lewisite ClCH = CHASCl ₂ predominates). Fatal lewisite concentrations are only 0.02-0.2 mg / L (kg), while the concentration of arsenic as an element in mineral waters can reach up to 1 mg / L.

Among the radioisotopes that determine the general radiation environment of the shelf, primary natural radioisotopes (elements of the U-238, Th-232 and K-40 series), radioisotopes arising from cosmic radiation (S-14, H-3, Ar-30, etc.) are distinguished. ) and artificial and technogenic (Ra-226, Cs-134, Cs-137, Sr-90, U-235, Pu-238, etc.). The process of accumulation and transfer of radioisotopes was carried out: by testing nuclear weapons in Novaya Zemlya in the mid-60s; due to the dumping of radioactive waste in certain dumping areas (Ra-226, Cs-134, Cs-137, Sr-90, etc.); due to emergency situations of installations with nuclear fuel (U-235, Pu-238, etc.); due to transport by the Gulf Stream.

The Belomorsky region of the North Dvina Bay, which contains two abnormal spots on Cs-137 with an excess of 20-30 times over the background, in Pb with an excess of 10-15 times and in As with an excess of 7-10 times, is ecologically dangerous. This toxic pollution, whose score is about m (Ii, s) = 3.3 (environmental hazard index between a tense and critical situation), corresponds to emergency dumps of radioactive fuel and lead-arsenic pollution of the mouth of the Northern Dvina. According to biotesting data, emergency radioactive dumps in this area are distinguished by the minimum (5-10 with a background of 50-60) protein concentrations, which is associated with the breakdown of proteins due to the action of radioactive radiation, and according to the radiometric analysis of ground samples, significantly increased (by one or two order) the concentration of the radioactive element cesium-137 (or plutonium-238).

The component Ii, r of the index Io, which reflects the probability and structure of tectonic faults and their intersection zones with an integrated-integrated assessment of its magnitude for the conditions of the Barents Sea shelf. Based on the physical phenomenon of the edge volume-charged gradient zones of geophysical i-fields, linearly extended and arched gradient zones control tectonic faults, which, in turn, are associated with endogenous geological processes of the shelf environment and the stress-strain state of lithospheric blocks of the Earth's Crust.

The monitoring technology of the Ii, r component of the Io index, which controls the probability of assessing the past and current impacts of tidal forces changes associated with the activity of endogenous and exogenous geological processes, provides for determining the location, area and properties (structure and degree of risk) of extended tectonic faults and their locations, as as a rule, of circular intersections, which is proposed to be carried out according to dimensionless gradient magnetic and combined (magneto-gravimetric) geophysical fields. The magnitude of the gradient Ψi for each geophysical i-field is defined as: Ωi, r = ΔΨi / σi, where the rms approximation, unlike other components of Ii, is carried out not for the value Xi, but for the value of the gradient Ψi, and, as a rule, with some fraction ( fi) filtering its values, i.e. Ωi, r = fi (Ψi-Ψi, cp) / σi; σi - determine on the basis of σi ² = (1 / (n-1) Σi (Ψi-Ψi, cp) ^2. For a group (sum Σi) of geophysical fields of component Ii, r of index Io, it is defined as:

having, in particular, for the “hard” (due to filtration) component of the gradient magnetic field for extended tectonic faults, the type (sign) of a double gradient strip with maximum and minimum values of the gradient and a certain width of the strip, with alternating sections of compression and extension, and for places fault intersections - the same, but in the form of circular (ellipsoidal) stripes.

The system of diverse geophysical fields, as a special form of matter, is a common physical field of the Earth and near-Earth space. The main geophysical fields include: a magnetic force field acting on bodies with a magnetic moment; gravitational field of gravity; electric force field of interacting charges; geothermal field of heat flow coming from the bowels of the Earth; geodynamic field of compressive and tensile forces; seismic field of elastic vibrations of rocks of the earth's crust.

Figure 3 shows the results of an integrated-integrated assessment of the components Ii, r of the index Io for shelf conditions of the Barents and White Seas; including maps of normal and dimensional magnetic and gravitational i-fields (a, b), and those obtained on their basis: - map (d) of a dimensionless generalized gradient field and map (e) of distinguished tectonic faults based on the maximum and minimum values gradient bands recorded with the filter (-0.75 ÷ + 0.75) dimensionless parameter Ωi, r. On figv shows the calculation data [Gridin V.I., Huck E.Z. Physico-geological modeling of natural phenomena. RAS. Moscow "Nauka", 1994] the values of the vertical and horizontal components of the gradient of the gravimetric field from a point source, illustrating the principle of formation of gradient different charges to identify tectonic faults. The probability histograms of the dimensionless parameter ΩI, r for the magnetic, gravitational, and generalized gradient i-fields are shown in Fig. 3g. The data of the average values of the dimensionless parameter Ωi, r and the average score of the component Ii, r of the index Io for the magnetic gradient field are given in Table 1. From the data of figure 3 it can be seen that the monitoring technology allows you to highlight the structure and properties of tectonic faults of the shelf. Edge zones in these cases can be represented by narrow faces and edges, and the acting volume forces lead to a change in the direction of the flow of water and to the "forced" deposition of particles of the substance.

The use of gradient Ψi - fields is due to the fact that, along with a clear image of double differently charged gradient bands corresponding to faults, the effect of mutual compensation of gradients is absent when summing field gradients, which is however possible when summing normal geophysical i-fields. This is illustrated in figa, b, the log zone under the numbers 3 and 4, the central sections of which have opposite signs, compensated by the summation. In the proposed method, the "energy rank" of such zones is established by filtering some near-zero region of the gradient field values. On figa, b (upper figure) shows the region of the Shtokman gas condensate field with log zones and one of the faults according to the gradient magnetic field without filtering (left) and with filtering (right). The presented fault separates the Fedynsky Rise and the western border of the South Barents Basin, has a complex structure with a fixed magnetic gradient field width of about 3-5 km. The extended lateral “high-energy” fault bands are connected by transverse sections. Comparison of gradient fields without filtration and with filtration indicates that filtering the “low-energy” part of the gradient field allows us to separate fault structures and local integrated gradient zones (log zones) associated with gas-oil zones - shelf tubes. As can be seen from figa, b, due to filtering eliminates all the log zones associated with the Shtokman gas condensate field. The structure and dimensions of the main log zone by the Shtokman gas condensate field are shown in Fig. 4a, b, under number 1. The log zone number 2 in the region by the Shtokman gas condensate field shows a possible complex, gradient configuration of the log zones, when surrounded by the main log zone smaller satellite channels are present.

Based on the integrated-integrated assessment of geophysical fields on the shelf of the Barents Sea, “vertical vortex-channel channels” are identified. On figa, b (numbers-5, 6), it is shown that for the measurement range in the region of small values of the dimensionless gradient of the magnetic field, the recorded log zones have the form of a “vortex screw”. As you know, the movement of a gas or liquid is called a vortex, when the particles of the medium move not only translationally, but also rotate around a certain axis with a violation of the uniformity and potentiality of the field and the manifestation of nonlinear laws of the vector field. Uneven rotation and orbital motion of the Earth and other factors can create conditions for the formation of “vortex tubes” in weakened and crushed rocks in the subvertical channels. It is possible that a number of natural phenomena associated with both the aquatic environment of the shelf and the atmosphere (typhoons, tsunamis, light effects of solar-terrestrial connections) are associated with vortex tubes formed in Earth Kore.

Geophysical fields, in combination with the harmful effects of outgoing gases and their solutions (helium, radon, methane, carbon dioxide, mercury, etc.) can have a negative effect on humans and objects of flora and fauna. These zones are usually distinguished by circular (or ellipsoidal) gradient bands of geophysical fields, have a large thickness of Holocene deposits (up to tens of meters), “drawn” by the charges of the edge zones of the electromagnetic field, severe toxic pollution of the bottom deposits of these areas and have an increased degree of biotesting reaction, t. e. attenuation of biological species of flora and fauna, and according to the method of protein indication, attenuation in samples of protein content. In particular, the example (Fig. 4c) of the “natural geophysical sedimentation trap” of the southern shelf of the Barents Sea meets these conditions. Here, a near-latitudinal series of 3 faults, stretching from the southeastern part of the Kola Peninsula to the western coast of Novaya Zemlya, which is clearly controlled by narrow linearly elongated gradient bands. This series of faults was interrupted in the area of the Goose Plateau by a series of small faults of the north-western strike, the place of their intersection form ring gradient zones (Figs. 4c, d), with the accumulation of Holocene deposits (10 or more meters thick), with their intense natural and technogenic pollution heavy and radioactive metals.

The annular structure of fault intersections (Figs. 4c, d) is clearly visible both on maps of the normal magnetic field (numbers 12 and 13), and on the gradient magnetic (numbers 10 and 11) and the gradient united magneto-gravitational (numbers 7, 8 and 9) fields.

Natural and technogenic pollution of bottom sediments, geomorphologically confined to the North Pechersk Upland and the Moller Plateau, which is the northeastern more elevated continuation of the Goose Plateau. The indicated plateaus are characterized by vertex surfaces with bathymetric marks from 50 to 110 meters. The slopes of the Goose plateau are divided by deep valleys up to 100-120 meters; the slope angles of the slopes are the first degrees. The slopes of the Goose Gill are also dissected by deep valleys (up to 100 meters); the bottom of the gutter consists of several bathtubs and incisions with depths of 300-350 meters. The North Pechersk Upland in the southeast borders on the Kurentsovskaya structural terrace, and in the northwest it borders on the central depression of the Barents Syneclise. Thus, the North Pechersk Upland is, as it were, the last altitudinal boundary for the central Barents depression and thus serves as a “natural sedimentation trap” for the southern part of the stagnant natural maelstrom, which slowly rotates counterclockwise in the southern part of the central depression. The composition of this pollution is represented by elements of the heavy metal group. The fractional content of certain elements is: 4.8% As, 18.9% Cu, 14.5% Ni, 16.1% Pb and 45.8% Zn. The content of these elements in units of ppm (g / t) in bottom sediments was: As up to 20, Cu up to 200, Ni up to 80, and Zn up to 350.

Component Ii, with index Io of the geoecological hazard of seismic activity and stress-strain state of the fault system of lithospheric plates of contact between the Barents shelf and the Norwegian shelf. Component Ii, c, is associated with geological processes that determine the area dimensions and temporal features of the seismic activity field, which are both exogenous (deceleration and acceleration of the Earth’s rotation, solar thermal and particle-wind radiation, etc.), and endogenous (shelf tectonic faults, hot underwater craters, glaciers, etc.). Component Ii, c is associated with the cyclical effect of tidal forces on ongoing geological endogenous and exogenous processes and, above all, on the area of the seismic activity field. The cyclic nature of the manifestation of the main planetary factors (the position of the center of mass of the interplanetary system, the deceleration and acceleration of the Earth’s rotation, the tidal forces of the Moon and the Sun to the Earth, the change in solar time, etc.), occurring in real time, measured in tens of years, years, months, weeks, affect large lithospheric blocks, determining the cyclical nature of the stress-strain state of these blocks, their compression and tension structures. Volumetric deformations of the upper layers of the lithosphere, connected, as is known, by the tidal forces of the gravitational influence of the Moon and the Sun on it, cause the displacement of the Earth's surface both vertically (tens of centimeters) and horizontally (up to the first centimeters). The main long-period cycles that change the compression force of the Earth and its angular velocity of rotation around the Sun are periods of 18.6 years, 1 year, 0.5 years and a month. As a result, when passing through a critical state, powerful, destructive discharges of the elastic energy of lithospheric blocks (earthquakes) occur, the formation of the latest neotectonic structures, extrusion of deep fluids into the upper floors of lithospheric blocks and other manifestations of deep endogenous geological processes.

The presence of possible sufficiently rapid changes in the stress-strain state of lithospheric blocks leads, respectively, to a rapid increase in seismic activity; This period, which is very important for geoecological monitoring, refers to the period of the earthquake precursor, accompanied by a number of anomalous effects that occur before the earthquake. It is known that the intensity of relative deformation (ε) of rocks and the area of anomalous effects are associated with the magnitude M of the earthquake, and the distance R from the epicenter, within which the anomalous effects of earthquake precursors manifest, is determined by the ratio: R = (10 ^0.43M-2.73 ) / ε ^0.33 . The fixed disturbances (deformations) caused by the lunar-solar tidal forces are about 10 ^-8 , then the radius of manifestation of the earthquake precursors will be approximately Rmax≈10 ^0.43M . This with a magnitude of six will be about a thousand kilometers, which can be used in the process of seismic monitoring.

In the method of geoecological monitoring, given that the occurrence of earthquakes is usually confined to a small area along thick faults of lithospheric plates, the component Ii, c is estimated using the dimensionless quadratic approximation parameter Ωi of the statistical distributions of the random variable Xi by the number of earthquakes that occurred, with the risk property determined by it magnitude mi (Table 1), i.e.:

,

,

where ΔNi = (Ni-Ni, cp), are deviations from the mean, Ni, cp is the average value of Ni, where mi is the degree of risk determined by mi = 10-point Richter scale (for conditions of a 5-point scale, it is proposed to use either mi / 2; or, as used in the article, the risk degree values for a 5-point scale in the form: Mi <3; 3> Mi <3.9; 4> Mi <4.9; 5> Mi <5, 9; Mi> 6. A database of earthquake epicenters of various magnitude of the framing of the shelf of the Barents and Novezhsky seas is shown in Fig. 5a (data from VNIIOkeangeologiya).

In the process of geoecological monitoring, it is necessary to assess the presence and degree of change in the intensity of the measured geophysical precursors of focal earthquakes, including for monitoring the structures of compression and extension - by the anomalies of the aeromagnetic field based on the probability and properties of tectonic faults, and the degree of fluctuation in the intensity of the deformation field - according to monitoring conditions of foci of craters (or hydrothermal openings), as well as bottom topography, raising or lowering of individual edges of the crater, filtering vortices gas, separation (due to expansion) of geomorphological and geophysical anomalies and gradient magnetic fault bands. In the inset of Fig. 5a (data from VNIIOkeangeologiya), a tube is shown that is a subvertical zone of rock destruction at the bottom of the shelf of the outskirts of the Barents Sea, identified during the profiling of the side view locator on the area of the southern part of the global rift fault system with coordinates about 14 degrees V.D. and 72 degrees 10 minutes S.Sh. The pipe, with a diameter of 600-700 meters, is located on an area of about 1 km ² , has uneven rocky edges with stone fragments with swirling rotational gas evolution and is possibly an analogue of the luminous “hot crater” or “hydrothermal hole” found on the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean shelf . Given the noted properties of the tube, its location directly in the zone of the main faults of the contacting lithospheric blocks and the proximity to the coastline of the Kola Peninsula, it is possible to use the identified pipe (and similar pipes detected over time in the global system of slowly drifting lithospheric plates) as a geoecological monitoring station, which will make it possible to monitor the intensity and cyclicity of anomalous effects, which are harbingers of earthquakes. Above-water monitoring observations of such a station should record the intensity and angular velocity of the vortex-like rotation of the water-gas components (primarily radon, methane and other gases), and the station’s surface sensors should also detect the presence of the same gases in the air above the sea surface and wave height like a harbinger of tsunami. Such monitoring stations will make it possible to record precursors of other possible sudden catastrophic phenomena associated, in particular, with global climate warming and, as a result, possible transient rise (or lowering) of predominantly edges contacting lithospheric plates of a seismically dangerous fault system. It is known that increasing melting of glaciers during general climate warming will reduce the load, which will lead to a “straightening” of the deflections of the Earth’s crust and the possible accompanying powerful earthquake, the explosion of underwater volcanoes - hot craters and tsunamis of marine areas. Geoecological monitoring of the degree of possible global climate warming at northern latitudes should include space observations based on satellite images of a decrease in the area of glaciers along their edges, an increase in average temperature, and a decrease in average salinity of water samples taken in the ice edge band.

The periods of one-year and six-month time cycles for the component Ii, with seismic activity and component Ii, r of the stress-strain state of the fault system of lithospheric plates, can be approximately taken into account on the basis of the so-called equation of time, which displays the difference between the mean and true solar time and varies ranging from - 14 min 27 s to +16 min 24 s. True solar time is constantly changing due to two main factors: firstly, due to the uneven movement of the Earth in orbit around the Sun with a one-year time period, and secondly, due to the inclination of the ecliptic to the equator with a half-year time period. On figb shows the sinusoids of the equation of time in a dimensional form (m, minutes) and in a dimensionless form equal to the ratio [(m, min) / m ₀ = + 16 min)]: where the sinusoid (1) taking into account the uneven motion of the Earth in orbit around the sun; sinusoid (2) taking into account the inclination of the ecliptic to the equator and the sum of sinusoids (3) for the general account of the uneven motion of the Earth.

The first planetary factor associated with the annual time period of rotation in an elliptical close to circular orbit occurs with a change in the distance and angular velocity of rotation of the Earth at the perigee point from 147 million km and 30.3 km / s, and at the aphelion point to 152 million . km and, accordingly, 29.3 km / s. In this case, the difference between the true and average time is close to zero value of about 1.01; June 30 and December 27 of the annual cycle, the maximum value (+8 minutes) in the period from March 15 to April 15 and the minimum (-8 minutes) in the period from September 15 to 15.10 annually. The factor of the uneven movement of the Earth in its orbit around the Sun with a one-year time period, apparently, has a greater effect on the dynamics and faults of the lithosphere plates of the earth's crust and possibly contributes to the launch of seismic activity confined to the slopes of the temporary peak, i.e. mainly during the months of May and the end of December months of the year.

The second planetary factor associated with the inclination of the ecliptic to the equator and with a half-year time period corresponds to the maximum values in the periods from February 1 to March 15 and from August 1 to September 15, i.e. with highs in the months of February and August. In this case, solar and lunar eclipses, which are apparently precursors of the amplification of the occurring earth cataclysms, occur during periods when the moon is in the “lunar nodes”, i.e. near the intersection points of the moon’s orbit with the ecliptic. The planetary factor associated with the inclination of the ecliptic to the equator seems to have a greater effect on the intensification of hurricanes and typhoons, which occur mainly in August and the first half of September and develop on overheated oceanic areas in the inland tropical convergence zone, mainly in the band of ± 5 degrees from the equator where the deflecting force is greatest. The main source of hurricane energy for the movement of hurricanes from east to west is the release of huge amounts of latent heat during condensation of water vapor in the upward flow of air (Hurricanes Ondrew - August 1992, Katrina - late August 2005, Gustav - end of August 2008, “Hayk” - beginning of September 2008, etc.).

Based on the time equation of both planetary factors, it is possible to introduce a correction Kt≈ (1 ± Rt) in formulas (4) and (5) for the time cycle in the form:

where Kt≈1 ± Rt≈1 ± (Rt1 + Rt2) is the correction for the temporal cyclicity equal to the sum of corrections Rt1 related to the annual time period of the Earth's rotation around the Sun and Rt2 related to the half-year time period due to the inclination of the ecliptic to the equator. In dimensionless units, approximate values of dimensionless corrections for the temporary annual cyclic cyclic components of Ii, with seismic activity and Ii, r of the stress-strain state of the fault system of lithospheric plates are presented in Table 3. As can be seen from Table 3, the sum of the corrections for the temporal cyclicity of the Earth's rotation around the Sun and the inclination of the ecliptic to the equator during the year is equal to a total of zero, but is maximum in February and August, amounting to +1.75 and +1, respectively , 45. Although in August and September the values of the amendments are of the order of +1.45 and +1.10, their values are observed against the background of the minimum amendments in the month of November (+0.2), i.e. equal to the excess over them in dimensionless units of 7.25 and 5.5 times, respectively.

Table 3 Month of the year Kt≈ (1 ± Rt) Month of the year Kt≈ (1 ± Rt) Rt1 Rt2 Rt = Rt1 + Rt2 1 ± Rt Rt1 Rt2 Rt = Rt1 + Rt2 1 ± Rt January 0 0 0 1,0 July 0 0 0 1,0 February +0.25 +0.5 +0.75 1.75 August -0.1 +0.55 +0.45 1.45 March +0.3 +0.3 +0.6 1,60 September -0.3 +0.4 +0.1 1.10 April +0.45 -0.25 +0.20 1.20 October -0.35 -0.25 -0.6 0.40 May +0.4 -0.6 -0.2 0.80 November -0.25 -0.55 -0.8 0.20 June +0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.80 December -0.1 +0.1 0 1,0

Thus, the basis of the proposed method of geoecological monitoring, for each component Ii of the environmental hazard index Io, the product (RiΩi) of the risk indicator Ri is used by the frequency (range) of the rms parameter Ωi of the manifestation of this component. As a result of the application of the method in the conditions of the Barents Sea shelf, the data obtained allow us to conclude a relatively moderately-stressed degree of environmental hazard: a score of 2.36 for the main shelf area of the Barents Sea ecosystem and 2.41 for the area of the White Seas. The territory of intense and life-threatening pollution for biota and corresponding to a score of 4 scales is about 6% for the shelf region of the Barents Sea and 4.3% for the White Sea. The main contribution to the general pollution of bottom sediments, taking into account the toxicity of the components, is made by the group of heavy metals As Cu Zn Ni, radionuclides Cs-137, Ra-226, and from organic pollutants - PAHs and phenols. Similar principles for the implementation of the proposed method of geoecological monitoring are applicable separately for others, in addition to the lithosphere, constituting the environment (air and water spheres). The periods of one-year and six-month periodicity in time of the manifestation of component Ii, with seismic activity and component Ii, r of the stress-strain state of the fault system of lithospheric plates, are approximately taken into account on the basis of the so-called time equation based on the correction Rt of the temporal cyclicity in dimensionless units in the form of a product of factors : (RiΩi) (1 ± Rt). During the year, the average correction value ± Rt in total is approximately equal to the zero value, and in this case, the value of the time cyclic factor multiplier on average for the year is close to unity.

The result of the method application is the allocation of environmentally hazardous (4-5 points of the environmental hazard index on a 5-point scale: critical zone and emergency zone) areas of toxic-contaminated, having fault deformations of rock blocks and earthquake-prone sections of the shelf of marine areas and river floodplains and territories other bodies of water in which it is possible to limit the extraction of natural fauna and flora (fish, crabs, algae, etc.). Based on the proposed method, it is possible to assess the degree of toxic pollution and the place of discharges of toxic substances (lewisite) by the increase in the concentration of arsenic in the sediment samples and the decrease in protein content, as well as the emergency discharge of radioactive waste - based on the decrease in proteins and the increase in the content of the cesium-137 radioisotope. It is also possible to identify seismically active zones, taking into account the temporal cyclical nature of their activity and the degree of fault deformations of rock blocks, which are dangerous for the construction of a number of technical gas and oil facilities (drilling platforms, pipelines on the bottom of the shelf, moorings, port and coastal settlements). The method also allows you to identify the location and danger of tectonic faults, places of vortex zones-channels on the shelf area.

Claims (24)

1. The method of geoecological monitoring, including the allocation of environmentally hazardous toxic-contaminated and seismic hazardous areas of the environment, using the results of a chemical analysis of samples of bottom sediments and water taken from a selected grid to study the area of the medium under study and normal and gradient geophysical i-fields on the area of the medium, make a conclusion the monitoring results for the integrated assessment of the environmental hazard index Io, determine the index Io, characterized in that they carry out an integrated In case of complex monitoring by means of geoecological monitoring with an integrated assessment of the environmental hazard index Io using a linear and / or root-mean-square approximation of the components of the environmental hazard index, use the dimensionless mean-square distribution parameter Ii equal to the product of the risk degree Ri and frequency (range ) Ωi of its manifestation, defined separately for each component Ii of the index Io, moreover, Ii = Σi (RiΩi), where Ωi = ΔXi / σi, and ΔXi = (Xi-Xi, cp) is the deviation s on the average, Xi, cp - mean value of Xi, σi ² = (l / (n-1) Σi (Xi-Xi, cp ) ² - standard deviation, σi a quadratic deviation of the random variable Xi, and assessing the significance of each component Ii , while the points of the scale m are calculated for each i-th parameter of the component Ii, where m (Io) = (l / k) Σm (Ii) Ii i, and k is the number of considered components Ii of the index Io. 2. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that the allocation of environmentally hazardous toxic contaminated areas of the environment is carried out with the identification of toxic contaminated zones, zones of intense tectonic faults and seismically active zones, taking into account the temporal cyclicity of their activity, which are dangerous for the construction of technical structures . 3. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the allocation of environmentally hazardous toxic-contaminated areas of the environment is carried out with the identification of objects for treatment. 4. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that the geoecological monitoring is carried out taking into account the integrated integrated assessment of the environmental hazard index Io for the following components — components Ii, s, components Ii, b; components Ii, r; components Ii, c, where component Ii, s is a component characterizing the toxic pollution of i-elements of bottom sediments, component Ii, b is a component characterizing the reaction to pollution of the used i-methods of bioassay; component Ii, r is a component characterizing the probability and properties of tectonic faults, with k = 4. 5. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that the conduct of geoecological monitoring, taking into account the integrated assessment of the environmental hazard index Io, is carried out for each “component” of the environment for each i-th parameter of the component Ii of the index Io, and / or each "component" of the medium together, for each i-th parameter of the component Ii of the index Io. 6. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that the data of geophysical fields are used - magnetic, and / or gravitational, and / or seismic fields. 7. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that the points of the scale are calculated by the formula
m (Io) = (l / k) {m (Ii, s) + m (Ii, b) + m (Ii, r) + m (Ii, c)}, where the number of considered components Ii of index Io for shelf conditions The Barents and White Seas take k = 4. 8. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that for the integrated-integrated assessment (PPI) of the environmental hazard index Io, an estimated 5-point scale with scores m = 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 for the Io index is used and its constituent components Ii, and monitor on the basis of exponential functions, while using both the linear approximation form and the quadratic approximation form. 9. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claims 1 and 8, characterized in that for the linear approximation form, a conclusion is drawn on the monitoring results based on the Ii components - the concentration value or the number of elements: if they increase relative to the background, according to the content of toxic elements Ci, s pollution and the probability of the gradient Ψi, r, and the number of gradient fault bands, taking the values of the concentrations or numbers of elements, taking into account their approximation on the basis of the linear form in the form of an exponential function exp (+ m-1), taking for m = 1, 2, 3 , 4 and 5 values of 1.0; 2.7; 7.4; twenty; and 55; and for the case of their decrease relative to the background, according to the content of proteins (biomass) Ci, b determined by the biotesting method and the number of earthquakes with an increase in its magnitude Ni, c, taking values of the concentrations or numbers of elements taking into account their approximation based on a linear form in the form an exponential function of the form exp (-m + 1), with m = 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, having values of 1.0; 0.37; 0.13; 0.05 and 0.018, with a score of m = 1 corresponding to a normalized background, with exponent exp (0) = 1. 10. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claims 1 and 8, characterized in that for the quadratic approximation form, a conclusion is drawn about the monitoring results based on the Ii components for the dimensionless rms parameters of the statistical distributions (Ωi), presented in the form (Ri Ωi) / 15, where 15 - the sum of the points on the scale: for the case of increasing the parameter Ii, the components Ii, s and Ii, r with increasing the score m, taking the values of the components Ii taking into account the quadratic form of their approximation, using the exponential function Ωi (ф) ~ {[exp (+ m-2)] - 1}, having for m = 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 s average values of -0.63 or less; 0; +1.7; +6.4; +20 or more, while the found data (RiΩi) / 15 are averaged, and according to the graph of the dependence of Ωi (ф) on the value of m, the average m (Ii) value of the score is found for each index component; and for the case when the parameter Ii decreases, the components Ii, s and Ii, r with an increase in the score m, taking the values of the components Ii taking into account the quadratic form of their approximation in the form of the exponential function Ωi (ф) ~ {1- [exp (+ m-2)] } having, for m = 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, average values of +0.63 or more; 0; -1.7; -6.4; -20 or less, while the found data (Ri Ωi) / 15 is averaged, and according to the graph of the dependence of Ωi (cp) on the value of m, the average m (Ii) value of the score for each index component is found. 11. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that the relative fraction of the content of the pellet fraction Ci, p is additionally calculated in the samples for component Ii, s, taking into account the toxicity qi of individual ni-elements of environmental pollution, according to the formula Ii, s = ( 1 / ni) Σi (qiΩi / Ci, p). 12. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claims 1 and 11, characterized in that for the pollution component Ii, s-MPC, the known maximum allowable Ci, s-MAC is used, and for the dimensionless parameter Ci, s / Ci, s-MAC is used the linear the approximation form in the form of the exp (+ m-1) function, and as the degree of risk, the value of Ri-pdc calculated using the formula Ri-pdc = (Ci, s / Ci, s-pdc) is used, after which the pollution component Ii is determined , s-PDC by the formula Ii, s-PDC = (1 / ni) Σi (Ri-PDCΩi / ΣiCi, p). 13. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claims 1 and 11, characterized in that they conclude that the monitoring results are based on an additional assessment of toxic pollution for the release of a toxic substance, which is carried out after determining the protein content by the method of protein indication and arsenic content, while assessing the emergency discharge radioactive contamination is carried out after determining the protein content and the content of the cesium-137 radioisotope. 14. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that the components of the bioassay Ii, b of the index Io, characterizing the reaction to the total toxic pollution, are determined for the method of protein indication by the content of Cb proteins in samples of bottom sediments, while accounting for the fraction of the pellite fraction Ci, p is carried out according to the formula Ii, b ~ Ωi, b / Ci, p. 15. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that the components Ii, r of the index Io, associated with the probability and properties of tectonic faults and their intersections, are determined using dimensionless gradient values of the magnetic geophysical field and / or the combined magneto-gravimetric field , the gradient Ψi for each i-geophysical field is Ωi, r = (Ψi-Ψi, cp) / σi, and the gradient Ψi for each i-combined magnetogravimetric field is Ii, r = ΣiΩi, r = Σi {(Ψi-Ψi, cp) / σi}, where σi is the standard deviation ix calculated by the formula σi ² = (1 / (n-1)) Σ ₁ ⁿ (Ψi-Ψi, cp) ^2; moreover, the conclusion about the monitoring results is carried out taking into account the number and width of the contacting fault bands and the fact that the components Ii, r of the index Io, by filtering near-zero gradient values, take the form of a double gradient strip with maximum and minimum values, and for the intersections of the faults, the components Ii, r index Io take the form of a circular gradient fault bands. 16. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claims 1 and 15, characterized in that the zones of segmentation traps of the shelf are additionally located for areas of the area having circular or oval gradient stripes of geophysical fields corresponding to the intersection of faults, and the conclusion about the presence of these zones is carried out according to the monitoring results together with the strong toxic pollution of bottom sediments, the thickness of the Holocene sediments and biotesting data - the degree of reaction to pollution. 17. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claims 1 and 15, characterized in that they additionally search on the shelf for components Ii, r in the form of vertical "vortex zones-channels" characterizing the connection of the water and air environment, deep voids and air-gas interlayers of gas and oil deposits, and the conclusion about the monitoring results is carried out on the basis of dimensionless gradient values (Ψi) of the magnetic and / or combined magneto-gravimetric geophysical i-fields with the release of vortex gas channel zones. 18. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claim 17, characterized in that the conclusion on the monitoring results is carried out on the basis of vortex gas zones-channels having the form of a “vortex screw” for the gradient magnetic field (Ψi, m). 19. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claims 1 and 17, characterized in that geoecological monitoring is carried out simultaneously with surveying and profiling for a long time with automatic observation of each component of the medium at the same points of the shelf, with the intensity of their output, the cyclicality and the angular velocity of the vortex rotation , and for the components of air above the sea surface, the presence of the same gases and the wave height above the sea surface is controlled. 20. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claims 1, 17 and 19, characterized in that they carry out long-term geoecological monitoring with automatic observation for air, water and bottom sediments, for the composition of bottom sediments and water-gas mixtures emerging in them with automatic observation for radon , helium, argon, hydrogen, methane. 21. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claim 20, characterized in that the geoecological monitoring is carried out using "reference autonomous surface-underwater stations" observations located in places of "vortex channels - craters" taking into account data from observations of the intensity and cyclicity of anomalous effects, conclusion the monitoring results are carried out taking into account that they are harbingers of earthquakes and other possible sudden catastrophic events. 22. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that the component Ii, from the seismic activity field, is determined on the basis of the number and intensity of earthquakes that occurred, taking into account the geophysical precursors of focal earthquakes. 23. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claims 1, 21 and 22, characterized in that for component Ii, c seismic activity and stress-strain state of the fault system of lithospheric plates, the Kt corrections for monthly periods of one-year and half-year cycles in time are taken into account as monitoring data, calculated on the basis of a time equation that displays the difference between the average and true solar time and varies from -14 min 27 s to +16 min 24 s, and the Kt correction in the dimensionless form is Kt - [(m, min) / (m ₀ = + 16 min)], which paradise and is taken into account in the basic monitoring equation in the form: (RiΩi) Kt≈ (RiΩi) (1 ± Rt), where Kt≈ (1 ± Rt), where Rt≈ (Rt1 + Rt2) is the correction for temporal cyclicity equal to the sum of corrections Rt1 and Rt2, where the correction Rt1 is related to the annual time period of the Earth's rotation around the Sun and Rt2 is related to the half-year time period due to the inclination of the ecliptic to the equator, which is maximum in February and August of each year, and during the year in total approaches zero. 24. The method of geoecological monitoring according to claim 23, characterized in that, as monitoring data for structures that take into account the monthly time cycles of the deceleration and acceleration of the Earth's rotation around the Sun, receive data from monitoring compression and extension structures of tectonic faults, which are characterized by: - separation of geomorphological and geophysical anomalies, and monitoring data of gradient magnetic strip faults, which are characterized by the state of hot crater foci and filtering vortex gas flows, as well as nye monitoring of bottom topography changes taking place by raising or lowering the crater edge on the "background" of a one-year period by month modified sine wave equation of time.

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