RU2422672C2 - Carousel-type wind wheel module - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry. ^ SUBSTANCE: carousel-type windwheel module includes fragment of power column with vertical rotation axis, on which at least one bearing assembly with horizontal arrangement of double-extended shaft is rigidly fixed. Ends of the above shaft protrude to diametrically opposite sides of fragment of power column and carry blades for interaction with wind and which are turned relative to each other through angle a around axis of their carrying shaft. On end part of each blade, which faces the module rotation axis, sector plate is rigidly fixed with threaded hole for screwing of blade on the shaft end extension and that sector plate is connected to retainer plate installed on its square groove, and additional ballast weight can be installed by means of bolts attaching the sector plate to retainer plank. Power column fragment is made in the form of two-sided threaded coupling on which one bearing assembly is rigidly fixed, and communication elements between bearing assemblies are made in the form of branch pipes of various length with thread on both ends for screwing of double-faced couplings with bearing assemblies into common power column of windwheel. Plug is installed on branch pipe end adjacent to upper threaded coupling relative to it, and lubricant supply hole is made in branch pipe wall closer to the plug. ^ EFFECT: reducing specific metal consumption of windwheel at improving operating efficiency. ^ 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to wind energy, and in particular to a device of carousel-type wind wheels, including those installed on mobile base machines, for example, the chassis of mobile drilling rigs or truck cranes, and can be used to power objects remote from power lines, for example, geological exploration drilling rigs.

A known wind power installation [1], the wind wheel of which contains a power column with a vertical axis of rotation, and several pairs of bearing assemblies with a horizontal arrangement of shafts and a shift of their axes relative to each other by an angle α are rigidly fixed to it.

At the output ends of the shafts, blades are rigidly fixed, each of which in a pair is located on the diametrically opposite sides of the power column and is equipped with a hydraulic drive for its rotation.

The possibility of a controlled rotation of the blades in the sailing position and vice versa ensures the quiet operation of the wind power installation, but only at low revolutions of the power column (not more than 150 rpm), because in this case, the blades under the action of the hydraulic actuator will have to change their position more than five times per second, which is unattainable even for the fastest hydraulic actuators.

A known carousel-type wind wheel module [2], containing a fragment of a power column, on which at least three bearing assemblies dispersed along its height with a horizontal arrangement of double-end shafts and an offset of their axes in the horizontal plane by an angle α, for example, 60 °, and at the ends of the shafts the blades are rigidly fixed, each of which in a pair is located on the diametrically opposite sides of the power column fragment and, together with the shaft, forms a rigid structure with axis of the rolling speed controlled by the wind speed in the bearing assembly and the rotation of the blades relative to each other around a common axis by an angle α, for example, 90 °.

The ability of the blades to switch from the vane position to the sail position and vice versa during the rotation of the power column, which is consistent with the wind speed, provides the well-known technical solution with technical advantages consisting in stabilizing the number of revolutions of the wind wheel with any fluctuations in wind speed, as well as in simplifying the design and assembly technology of the wind power installation, including consisting of several modules.

However, the rigid fastening on a fragment of the power column of several bearing units carrying pairs of blades excludes the possibility of selecting the optimum number of them in the wind wheel, the optimal width of the blades, which is directly dependent on the distance between adjacent bearing units, as well as the optimum angle of displacement α of their axes relative to each other in the horizontal plane, as the specified parameters of the finished product are constant and their change, for example, when assembling a wind wheel of a mobile wind power installation in the field is almost impossible.

In addition, the execution of a fragment of the power column in the form of an integral pipe for several bearing assemblies significantly complicates the lubrication of bearings, the installation of plugs between the bearing assemblies is practically impossible, and the supply of lubricant to the nodes that are higher in the module height is very difficult.

The claimed object contains a fragment of the power column with a vertical axis of rotation, on which at least one bearing assembly with a horizontal arrangement of the double-end shaft is rigidly fixed, the ends of which extend to the diametrically opposite sides of the fragment of the power column and bear blades for interaction with the wind, deployed one relatively another in a pair around the axis of the shaft carrying them at an angle α ₁ equal to 90 °.

A sector plate with a threaded hole at the top of the sector for screwing the blade onto the shaft end, connected by fixing bolts to a retaining plate mounted on its square groove, and on fixing bolts connecting the sector plate, are rigidly fixed on the end part of each blade facing the axis of rotation of the module blades and retaining plate, additional ballast weight can be installed.

A fragment of the power column is made in the form of a two-way threaded coupling on which one bearing assembly is rigidly fixed, and the coupling elements between them are made in the form of variable-length pipes with threads at both ends for screwing double-end couplings with bearing assemblies into a common power column of the wind wheel, A plug is installed at the end of the pipe adjacent to the upper threaded sleeve relative to it, and an opening for supplying lubricant is made in the pipe wall, closer to the plug.

Technical advantages of the claimed object compared to the prototype are as follows:

- the execution of the fragment of the power column in the form of a double-ended threaded coupling carrying one bearing assembly with blades at the ends of its shaft, in conjunction with the implementation of the coupling elements between the couplings in the form of variable-length nozzles with threads at both ends, greatly simplifies the design of the module and the technology of assembly of the wind wheel, and also provides the ability to select the optimal width of the blades by changing the length of the nozzles, and steplessly controlling the angle α of the displacement of the twin blades of the adjacent modules of the wind wheel includes flax each other in the horizontal plane depending on the local conditions of use of the claimed subject without changing the design of adjacent nodes and components of wind energy plant;

- the presence of a plug at the end of the nozzle adjacent to the upper end of the threaded sleeve relative to it, together with an opening in the wall of the nozzle located closer to the plug, makes it possible to make a closed lubricant chamber for each bearing assembly and eliminates the flow of lubricant from one module to another down the inner cavity of the power column.

The combination of the indicated technical advantages of the claimed object in comparison with the prototype provides a technical result consisting in simplifying the design of the wind wheel and its assembly technology, as well as in the possibility of selecting the optimal blade width, stepless adjustment of the angle of displacement of the blades of adjacent modules relative to each other in the horizontal plane and in the increase of overhaul the period of the wind power installation by improving the lubrication mode of all the bearings of the wind wheel dispersed over cell power column.

In the drawings, a carousel-type wind wheel module is illustrated, where FIG. 1 shows a general view of the assembly with adjacent modules; figure 2 is the same, a top view; figure 3 is the same, a section along aa in figure 2; figure 4 is a view of B in figure 1 (the position of the twin blades relative to the axis of rotation of the module in the absence of wind); figure 5 is the same at an optimal wind speed, and figure 6 is the same at a hurricane wind speed.

The carousel-type wind wheel module contains a fragment of the power column with a vertical axis of rotation, on which at least one bearing assembly 1 with a horizontal arrangement of the double-end shaft 2 is fixed, the ends of which extend onto the diametrically opposite sides of the fragment and bear blades 3 for interaction with the wind, deployed one relative to the other at an angle α about the axis of the shaft 2 that carries them.

On the end part of each blade 3, facing the axis of rotation of the module, a sector plate 4 is rigidly fixed with a threaded hole for screwing the blade onto the shaft 5 of the shaft 2, connected to the retaining plate 6 mounted on its square groove 7, and on the bolts rigidly connecting the sector plate 4 and retaining plate 6, can be installed additional ballast weight 8.

A fragment of the power column of the wind wheel is made in the form of a two-way threaded coupling 9, on which one bearing assembly 1 is rigidly fixed, and the coupling elements between adjacent couplings 9 are made in the form of nozzles 10 with thread at both ends, while one end of the nozzle 10 is screwed into the coupling 9, a plug 11 is installed at the free end, and the combination of the coupling 9 with the bearing assembly 2 and the pipe 10 with the plug 11 form a wind wheel module.

On the cylindrical part of the pipe 10 outside the thread area and in the middle part of the housing of the bearing assembly 1, holes 12 and 13 are made for supplying lubricant into the pipe 10 and into the bearing area, and the plug 11 prevents the grease from flowing into the lower modules, which creates identical conditions for bearing lubrication regardless their location along the height of the power column of the wind wheel.

To fix the threaded connections of the pipe 10 with the coupling 9 in the module and adjacent modules to each other in the wall of the coupling 9 in the thread area, a threaded hole is made for the locking screws 14, on which the boss 15 is additionally mounted to fix the bearing covers 16, while the locking screws 15 on different ends of the threaded sleeve 9 are located on diametrically opposite sides to ensure balancing of the module.

The assembly of the wind wheel is reduced to screwing the first module onto the support unit of the wind power installation and then one module to another, while the angle of displacement α of the adjacent blades 3 in the horizontal plane can be arbitrary and changes steplessly, the number of modules in the wind wheel must correspond to the generator power, and specific the values of these quantities are determined experimentally.

A wind power installation with the claimed design of the wind wheel module can be made in a mobile version. For example, on the basis of a mobile drilling rig or a truck crane, a base unit is installed with the possibility of raising and lowering it from horizontal to vertical position, bearing the wind wheel support unit, a generator with distribution and control equipment, as well as a battery and transport container with a set of wind wheel modules .

Arriving at the site of work with the base in a horizontal position, the first module is installed on the shaft of the support unit bearing the threaded sleeve 9, and then the next module is installed one on the other with the blades of 3 adjacent modules shifted in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the power column by the angle α, and after the last module is installed the base with the wind wheel assembled on it is raised to a vertical position and after minimal preparation, the installation can be used for its intended purpose. When performing work to relocate, all operations are performed in the reverse order.

In calm weather, the wind wheel is stationary, and its blades 3 on the sail and vane sides are located symmetrically relative to the axis of rotation (Fig. 4), while the masses of the blades 3 (m _l ) on the sail and vane sides of the module balance each other, and the torque on the shaft 2 of the twin blades (rolling axis) is zero.

When the wind appears, its pressure (P _in ), acting on the twin blade 3 on the sailing and vane sides of the module, creates a torque (M _p ) on the shaft 2, tending to rotate the blade 3 clockwise (figure 5) to a position in which the blade of the sailing side of the module is deviated from the axis of rotation by an angle β ₁ , the blade of the vane side is rejected by an angle β ₂ from the direction of the wind, and the torque on the vane side of the module (M _f ), acting on the twin blade 3 in the opposite direction, fixes it in specific position depending on values (P _in )

wherein

Substituting expressions (2) and (3) into equation (1), after transformations, we obtain:

where m _l is the mass of the blade, taking into account the ballast weight;

l ₁ - the distance between the rolling axis of the twin blades and its geometric center;

l ₂ - the same, between the axis of rolling and the center of gravity of the blade.

The torque at the branch pipe 10 of the module (M _km ) is created by the same wind pressure (P _in ), but with a different shoulder (l ₃ ) and represents the difference in torques on the sailing side of the module (M _kp ) and on its weathervane side (M _kf )

Where

where from

or

Given that the left side of equation (4) and the right side of equation (9) are identical, we obtain:

Analysis of equation (10) allows us to draw the following conclusions:

- the magnitude of the torque on the pipe 10 of the module is directly proportional to the values of the design parameters and indirectly through the values of the angles β ₁ and β ₂ depends on the wind pressure;

- for any value of fluctuations in wind pressure, for example, at times, the value of the sum sinβ ₁ + cosβ ₂ varies within 44% of the unit at β ₁ = β ₂ = 0 ° to a maximum (1.44) with β ₁ = β ₂ = 45 °;

- an increase in the angles β ₁ and β ₂ with a further increase in wind pressure is impossible, and the twin blade 3 is fixed in this position, because the blades on the sailing and vane sides of the module are located symmetrically with respect to the direction of the wind and its pressure acting on both sides of the module is mutually balanced;

- changing the angle between the blades in a pair of 90 ° in the direction of decreasing or increasing is impractical, because the component of equation (10) sinβ ₁ + cosβ ₂ in both cases becomes less than unity, and the torque on the axis of rotation of the module decreases with the same wind parameters.

The above indicates that the claimed design ensures the stability of revolutions on the shaft of the wind power installation with any fluctuations in wind speed and its protection against hurricanes without the construction of additional protective devices.

Information sources

1. Description of the invention to the USSR author's certificate No. 1539381 of 02/12/08, IPC F03D 3/00.

2. Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation application No. 2007145254/06 dated 12/05/2007. Decision on the grant of a patent for an invention dated January 15, 2009 (prototype).

Claims (1)

A carousel-type wind turbine module containing a fragment of a power column with a vertical axis of rotation, on which at least one bearing unit with a horizontal arrangement of a double-end shaft, the ends of which extend onto the diametrically opposite sides of a fragment of the power column and carry blades for interaction with the wind, deployed one relative to another at an angle α around the axis of the shaft that carries them, while on the end part of each blade facing the axis of rotation of the module, sec An oval plate with a threaded hole for screwing the blade onto the shaft shank, connected with a retaining plate installed on its square groove, and an additional ballast weight can be installed on the bolts connecting the sector plate and the retaining strip, characterized in that the fragment of the power column is made in in the form of a double-sided threaded coupling on which one bearing unit is rigidly fixed, and the coupling elements between the bearing units are made in the form of nozzles of variable length with threads at both ends for screwing the double-end couplings with bearing assemblies into the common power column of the wind wheel, while a plug is installed at the end of the nozzle adjacent to the upper threaded coupling with it, and an opening for supplying lubricant is made in the pipe wall closer to the plug.

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