RU2421651C1 - Throttle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building. ^ SUBSTANCE: throttle consists of case with inlet and outlet branches and of multi-channel throttle element installed in case. The channels are mutually perpendicular with a cross point on axis of the throttle element and are positioned in parallel planes perpendicular to this axis. Two outlets of each cross are connected with two corresponding inlets of the successive cross by means of grooves. The grooves are located on surface of the throttle element. Cavities are made in sectors between the mutually perpendicular channels. Outlet cross sections of these cavities come outside into volume of the case on one side, while on another side they are interconnected: in pairs and in different adjacent planes between the mutually perpendicular channels; they are communicated with the outlet branch. Outlet sections connected in pairs and in different adjacent planes between the mutually perpendicular channels are communicated with the outlet branch. ^ EFFECT: wide range of control of liquid flow per length unit of throttle element. ^ 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic valves and is intended for use as a device for regulating fluid flow and obtaining low costs at high pressure drops in the equipment of a ship’s nuclear power plant (NPP) operating on a liquid metal coolant in variable load mode.

A small-sized throttle device is known that contains a throttle element on the surface of which damping cavities are made, interconnected by nozzle grooves in any sequence, and the symmetry axis of the damping cavities are offset relative to the corresponding nozzle grooves / Reznik N.A. Small throttle device. SU. A.S. No. 1089339. F16K 47/04. Priority - 05.01.79. Publ. Bulletin of inventions No. 16. 04/30/1984 - analogue.

The disadvantages of this technical solution are the small control range limited by the length of the throttle element, as well as the low operational reliability of its operation, due to the fact that the throttle device has many stagnant zones, where all kinds of deposits are always accumulated during fluid movement due to cavitation processes.

Known adjustable throttle, in the housing of which with an inlet and outlet nozzles a throttling element is installed with a helical groove of constant cross section cut on its surface, and the pitch of the helical groove is made variable / Bevzyuk A.F. etc. Choke adjustable. SU. A.S. No. 991106. F16K 47/12. Priority - 08.19.81. Publ. Bulletin of inventions No. 3. 01/23/1983 /.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is not a wide range of regulation due to a direct proportional dependence on the length of the throttling element, since pressure losses are caused by a smooth change in the length of the throttling element and the friction of the liquid on the wall of the passage section. In addition, the volume of the throttling element is used inefficiently, and the channel made on the surface of the throttling element is prone to clogging, since the circle is the optimal cross-section for fluid movement.

The technical result of the invention is the provision of expanding the range of regulation of fluid flow at a large pressure drop and obtaining a high throttling effect per unit length of the throttle in the device of the NPP equipment operating on a liquid metal coolant in the mode of variable loads.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the throttle, in the housing of which contains the inlet and outlet nozzles, has a multichannel throttle element, the channels being mutually perpendicular to the intersection point on the axis of the throttle element and arranged in parallel planes perpendicular to this axis, and the two outputs of each intersection are connected with the corresponding two inputs of the subsequent intersection using grooves located on the surface of the throttle element, and in the sectors between the oppendicular channels have cavities, the output sections of which, on the one hand, extend outward into the volume of the throttle body, and on the other, are interconnected, in pairs and in different adjacent planes between the mutually perpendicular channels, and communicated with the outlet pipe.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 - shows a longitudinal section of the throttle;

figure 2 is a section aa of figure 1;

figure 3 is a section bB of figure 1;

figure 4 is a section bb In figure 1.

The throttle has a housing 0 containing an inlet 1 and an outlet 2 nozzles, inside which there is a multi-channel throttle element 3 with mutually perpendicular channels 4 and 5 with an intersection point on the axis of the throttle element 3, and in the sectors between the mutually perpendicular channels 4 and 5 there are cavities 6, output sections which, on the one hand, go outside into the internal volume of the throttle body 0, and are connected to each other, moreover, in pairs and in different adjacent planes between mutually perpendicular channels 4 and 5, and communicated from the output m 2 pipe.

The throttle operates as follows.

The adjustable fluid under pressure is supplied through the pipe 1 to the channels 4 and 5 of the throttle element 3. Having made all the turns along the length of the throttle element, the liquid reaches the end surface of the throttle element 3, after which it again enters the two cavities 6 of the throttle element 3 with a 180 degree turn. In the place where the cavities 6 are connected in pairs, the fluid moves into the other two cavities 6, through which it moves through the outlet 2 pipe to a hydrostatic tank or a guide pipe. The number of such transitions is associated with the tasks of the throttle as a whole and is obtained by mathematical calculations. The throttling effect of hydraulic regulation, obtained by the collision of the divided flow when moving along the corresponding channels and its sharp turns in two coordinate directions, at which the maximum coefficient of hydraulic resistance is obtained, as well as the corresponding narrowing-extensions, can also be changed by moving the throttle element 3.

The use of the design of the throttle of the proposed type makes it possible to provide a wide range of hydraulic regulation of the fluid flow per unit length of the throttle element at large pressure drops, the necessary layout, since the inlet and outlet nozzles can be at the same level, thereby increasing the operational reliability and maneuverability of the device design as a whole.

Claims (1)

A throttle, in the case of which, containing the inlet and outlet nozzles, a multichannel throttle element is installed, characterized in that the channels are mutually perpendicular to the intersection point on the axis of the throttle element and are located in parallel planes perpendicular to this axis, and two outputs of each intersection are connected to the corresponding two the inputs of the subsequent intersection using grooves located on the surface of the throttle element, and in the sectors between mutually perpendicular channels there are cavities whose outlet sections on the one hand go out into the volume of the throttle body, on the other they are interconnected, and in pairs and in different adjacent planes between mutually perpendicular channels, and communicated with the outlet pipe.

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