RU2416464C1 - Dry rock gyroscopic crusher with flexible shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mining, particularly, to crushers. Proposed crusher comprises crushing table, roller with lever interacting with said crushing table, roller drive, horizontal platform with balancing weights and roller lever support, and two-stage gyro made up of motor with shaft and flywheel. Additionally, crusher incorporates flap hook rigidly secured on roller lever and roll fitted on axle arranged between hook edges to revolve thereabout. Note here that said roll represents cylinder, while flexible shaft articulates two-stage gyro motor shaft with toll axle.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

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Description

The invention relates to mining, in particular to devices for grinding rock and industrial building materials by implementing various types of physical grinding process, namely, impact destruction, crushing, splitting and abrasion, as well as various combinations of the above types of grinding process.

A grater mill is known, during the operation of which a gyroscopic effect is used, containing a horizontal grinding table with a radius of R = 0.5 m, and a metal roller weighing 100 kg, rotating by means of a power drive around the vertical axis of symmetry of the grinding table with an angular velocity of Ω = 6π rad / s, the angular velocity of rotation of the roll in this case is ω = 5Ω = 30π rad / s. Moreover, the additional maximum possible value of the vertical force of the roll pressure on the grinding table, arising due to the gyroscopic effect, is about 80% of the weight of the roll [1]. The disadvantages of the known technical solution are the use of a roll (gyro flywheel) as an element that creates gyroscopic force, and at the same time as a power element directly acting on the crushed rock, as well as a friction drive for rotating the roll (gyro flywheel). All this leads to the impossibility of controlled independent of each other changes in the angular velocities ω and Ω and does not allow you to effectively control the pressure force of the roll on the grinding table, and therefore, to effectively grind rocks with different strength properties, fractional composition and geometric shape using shock destruction, crushing and abrasion of the crushed material, leads to increased energy consumption, an increase in the mass and dimensions of the grinding device.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a dry rock grinder, during operation of which a gyroscopic effect is used, comprising a grinding table, a roller with a lever interacting with the grinding table, a power drive for rotating the roller, a horizontal platform with balancing weights and with a support for the roller lever and a two-stage gyroscope. In the grinder, the main gyroscopic force, which presses the roll to the working table with the rock placed on it, is created due to the reaction of a two-stage gyroscope, the flywheel of which rotates with an angular velocity ω _g , to independently rotate a horizontal platform with a two-stage gyroscope installed on it with an angular velocity around a vertical axis perpendicular to the surface of the horizontal platform. In this case, the roll, which is not rigidly fixed to the lever due to the frictional kinematic connection, can rotate around its axis with an angular velocity ω _in = (5-10) Ω, creating a slight additional gyroscopic force [2].

The disadvantages of the known technical solution is the impossibility of independent changes in the angular velocity of the roll, which limits the possibility of changing the magnitude of the gyroscopic force, and therefore the productivity of the gyroscopic chopper, and also limits the range of its stable operation.

Known devices do not allow the use of angular velocity values of Ω, large 60π rad / s, and ω _g , large 400π rad / s, which limits the magnitude of the gyroscopic force, and therefore does not allow crushing rocks with high strength properties.

An object of the invention is the creation of a gyroscopic grinder of dry rock, efficiently and steadily when grinding rocks in a wide range of their strength properties, as well as increasing its productivity and increasing efficiency.

The solution to the technical problem is achieved by the fact that the gyroscopic grinder of dry rock contains a grinding table, a roll with a lever interacting with the grinding table, a power drive for rotating the roll, a horizontal platform with balancing weights and with a support for the roll lever and a two-stage gyroscope in the form of an electric motor with a shaft and the flywheel, while the gyroscopic chopper is equipped with a flat bracket rigidly mounted on the lever of the roll and between the edges of which there is a roll with an axis with the possibility of rotation around it, a flexible shaft, and the roll is made in the form of a cylinder, and a flexible shaft kinematically connects the electric motor shaft of a two-stage gyroscope with the axis of the cylindrical roll

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a General view of a gyroscopic grinder of dry rock with a flexible shaft, where 1 is a power drive for rotating the roll around a vertical axis, 2 is a horizontal platform, 3 is a support, 4 is a hinge, 5 is an electric motor, 6 is a shaft, 7 - flywheel, 8 - roll, 9 - roll lever, 10 - grinding table, 11 - crushed rock, 12 - two-stage gyroscope, 13 - balancing weights, 14 - flat bracket, 15 - axis, 16 - flexible shaft.

The device contains a power drive 1 of rotation of the roll around a vertical axis, a horizontal platform 2, a support 3 with a hinge 4, an electric motor 5 with a shaft 6 and a flywheel 7, a roll 8, a roll lever 9, a grinding table 10, on which the ground rock 11 is located. Electric motor 5 with a shaft 6 and a flywheel 7 mounted on the lever of the roll 9 and pivotally connected to the support 3, form a two-stage gyroscope 12.

To balance the grinder of dry rock during rotation around a vertical axis, the device can be equipped with balancing weights 13 installed on a horizontal platform 2.

A flat bracket 14 is rigidly fixed to the roll lever 9, between the edges of which there is a cylindrical roll 8 with an axis 15 rotatably around it. The axis of the roll 15 with a flexible shaft 16 is kinematically connected with the shaft of the electric motor of a two-stage gyroscope.

A gyroscopic dry rock shredder with a flexible shaft works as follows: the power drive 1 spins a horizontal platform 2 with a roller 8 installed on it to an angular velocity Ω about a vertical axis of rotation, the electric motor 5 spins the flywheel 7 to an angular velocity ω _g , the vector direction of which coincides with the direction the lever 9 of the roll 8. Up to the same angular velocity ω _g , the cylindrical roll 8 is untwisted. At the same time, the gyroscopic moment acts on a two-stage gyroscope 12, the value of which is determined by mule

where J _m = m _m R _m ^2/2 - the moment inertia of the flywheel 7, J _a = m _a R _a ^2/2 - moment of inertia of the roll 8, m _m and R _m - respectively the mass and radius of the flywheel 7, m _a and R _in - respectively, the mass and radius of the roll 8, α is the angle between the vectors ω _g and Ω.

On the roll 8 acts vertical gyroscopic force F _d equal to

where l ₁ is the distance from the hinge 4 and to the center of the roll 8. The direction of this force is determined by the sign of the trigonometric function.

From relations (1) and (2) it follows that, by changing ω _g and Ω independently from each other, it is possible to change the value of the gyroscopic force F _d in a wide range of values, and due to the additional gyroscopic force arising due to the rotation of the roll with an angular velocity ω _g , it is possible, firstly, to grind rocks having increased strength properties, and, secondly, to expand the range of stable operation in Ω to (0-80) π rad / s and in ω _g to (0-520) π rad / s, which allows, depending on the specific case, to change F _d from zero to values one and a half times large, h we eat in well-known technical solutions [2].

The stability of the proposed device is determined by the fact that with an increase in the resistance of the crushed rock to the movement of the roll 8 along the grinding table, the set value of the angular velocity Ω also decreases, which, in turn, according to formula (1) leads to a decrease in the gyroscopic moment, and therefore the value of the gyroscopic force F _d , which provides an increase in the value of the angular velocity Ω to a predetermined value.

Thus, from the point of view of the theory of automatic control, the proposed device is an automatic device with negative feedback, which ensures its stable operation.

Information sources

1. Rossel J. General Physics. M.: Mir, 1964, p.134.

2. Trubetskoy K.N., Bobin V.A., Vaysberg L.A., Voronyuk A.S., Lanyuk A.N. RF patent №2248242 "Hydroscopic shredder of dry rock", 2005, bull. No. 8 (prototype).

Claims (1)

A dry rock crusher with a flexible shaft, comprising a grinding table, a roller with a lever interacting with the grinding table, a drive drive for rotating the roller, a horizontal platform with balancing weights and with a support for the roller lever and a two-stage gyroscope in the form of an electric motor with a shaft and a flywheel, characterized in that the chopper is additionally equipped with a flat bracket rigidly mounted on the lever of the roll and between the edges of which there is a roll with an axis that can rotate around it, a flexible shaft, and the roll is made a cylinder, and a flexible shaft kinematically connects the motor shaft with two degrees from the roll gyro axis.

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