RU2416106C2 - Apparatus for classifying aerial objects with trajectory motion instabilities - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: existing apparatus for classifying objects further comprises a pulsed generator, a block of delay lines having (M-1) delay lines, where M is the number of pulse sequences used, characterised by the frequency step from pulse to pulse, a block of frequency multipliers having (M-1) frequency multipliers, a third mixer, a carrier frequency generator and a coherent heterodyne. Inter-block communication and the principle of operation of the classification apparatus are changed in a suitable way.

EFFECT: high probability of correct classification of aerial objects experiencing random oscillation on yaw, pitch and rolling angles when exposed to a sequence of probing radio pulses on different frequencies.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to radar devices (systems) and is intended for the automated classification of airborne objects (VO) flying with trajectory instabilities (VT) in a turbulent atmosphere.

A WO classification device [1] is known for a radar station with a multi-frequency probing signal, containing a harmonic frequency generator f, M frequency multipliers, M gated power amplifiers, a modulator, an antenna switch, an antenna, M receivers, M phase detectors, M conversion devices, ( M-1) amplifiers of difference signals, an electronic computer (computer) and a display device (UO). In this case, the harmonic signal generator is connected by its output to the inputs M of the frequency multipliers, the outputs of which are connected to the first inputs M of the corresponding gated power amplifiers, as well as to the inputs M of the corresponding phase detectors. The second inputs of the gated power amplifiers are connected to the output of the modulator, and their outputs through the corresponding inputs of the antenna switch to the antenna. The outputs of the antenna switch are connected to the inputs of the corresponding M receivers, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the corresponding M phase detectors, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the corresponding M counting devices. The output of each m-th conversion device, starting from the second and ending with the (M-1) -th conversion device, is connected to the first input of the m-th and second input of the (m-1) -th amplifier of the difference signal. The output of the first conversion device is connected to the first input of the first amplifier of the differential signal, and the output of the Mth conversion device is connected to the second input of the (M-1) -th amplifier of the difference signal. The outputs (M-1) -x of the difference signal amplifiers are connected to the corresponding inputs of the computer, the output of which is connected to the input of the display device.

This device allows you to determine the size of the VO. In addition, when the information from the outputs of the amplifiers of the differential signals coincides with the reference stored in the computer memory, the device is able to classify the VO by geometric dimensions. However, classification is possible only if the size of the VO is close to half the wavelength of one of the M signals of different frequencies. Moreover, the probability of classification will be low, since the size of the VO depends on the angle of location, which is not taken into account in the classification.

There is also a device for classifying a VO with trajectory motion instabilities [2], which contains a master oscillator (SG), the 1st and 2nd mixers, a block of local oscillators (BG), a pulse modulator (IM), an antenna, and the 1st and 2nd th analog-to-digital converters (ADC), power amplifier (PA), antenna switch (AP), computing device (VU), phase shifter (PV), intermediate frequency amplifier (IF), high frequency amplifier (UHF), 1st and 2nd phase detectors (PD) and UO. At the same time, the ЗГ output is connected to the 2nd input of the 1st mixer, to the 2nd input of the 2nd ФД, and also to the PV input, the output of which is connected to the 2nd input of the 1st ФД. The first input of the 1st mixer is connected to the output of the BG, the output of which is also connected to the 2nd input of the 2nd mixer. The output of the 1st mixer is connected to the 1st input of the PA, the 2nd input of which is connected to the output of the PM. The output of the PA is connected to the input of the AP, the input-output of which is connected to the input-output of the antenna, and the output to the input of the UHF, the output of which is connected to the 1st input of the 2nd mixer. The output of the 2nd mixer is connected to the input of the amplifier, the output of which is connected to the 1st input of the 1st PD and to the 1st input of the 2nd PD. The output of the 1st PD is connected to the input of the 1st ADC, and the output of the 2nd PD is connected to the input of the 2nd ADC. The output of the 1st ADC and the output of the 2nd ADC are connected respectively to the 1st and 2nd inputs of the slave, and the output of the slave is connected to the input of the slave.

The disadvantage of the device [2] is that the logic of its operation implies the invariance of the number of scattering centers (RC) on the surface of the object, the invariance of the effective scattering area of the RC, their mutual removal from the first long-range RC, the constancy of the radial size of the HE during its long-term sounding, and the constancy relative position of the apparent center of the object [3]. However, in reality, due to the presence of the VT of the HE flight in the form of yaw, pitch and roll [4], the indicated physical quantities undergo changes over time. This adversely affects the quality of the classification device, and the probability of classification becomes the less, the more time is devoted to radiation, reception and processing of the required number of radio pulses. Another disadvantage is the absence in the composition of the device [2] of the carrier frequency generator, which determines the centimeter wavelength range when the signals are emitted. The frequency generated by it should be tens of gigahertz. The used local oscillator block, as described in [2], consists of a set of quartz local oscillators and a switch designed to connect a specific coherent local oscillator that forms the signal of the nth local oscillator frequency. Modern crystal oscillators can produce signals with frequencies not exceeding hundreds of megahertz.

The objective of the invention is to increase the likelihood of a correct classification of airborne objects experiencing random fluctuations in the yaw, pitch and roll angles during irradiation with a sequence of probe radio pulses at different frequencies.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that a pulse generator, a block of delay lines, containing (M-1) delay lines, where M is the number of pulse sequences used, differing in the step of frequency tuning from pulse to pulse, are additionally introduced into the known VO classification device [2] , a frequency multiplier unit, comprising (M-1) frequency multipliers, a third mixer, a carrier frequency generator (LFO), a coherent local oscillator.

The output of the pulse generator is connected to the input of the local oscillator block, the output of which is connected to the 1st of the M first inputs of the 1st mixer and to the input of the first delay line (LZ), which is also the input of the block of delay lines, the output of each mth, s the first along the (M-2) th delay line is connected to the input of the corresponding (m + 1) th LZ, as well as to the input of the corresponding m-th frequency multiplier from the frequency multiplier, the output of the (M-1) th LZ connect only to the input of the (M-1) -th frequency multiplier. The output of each mth, from the 1st to the (M-1) th frequency multiplier is associated with the corresponding (m + 1) th of the M first inputs of the first mixer, so that the output of the last (M-1) th multiplier frequency becomes connected to the mm from the first inputs of the 1st mixer. The output of the first mixer is connected simultaneously to the first input of the 3rd mixer and the input of the coherent local oscillator, the output of which is connected simultaneously with the input of the phase shifter and the second input of the 2nd PD. The output of the carrier frequency generator is connected simultaneously to the second input of the 2nd mixer and the 2nd input of the 3rd mixer, the output of which is connected to the input of the power amplifier.

The proposed construction of a classification device circuit makes it possible to increase the probability of making the right decision in VO classification by using a more informative identification indicator, based on averaging the amplitude fluctuations of the reflected signals caused by a change in the location angle of the object, a change in the frequency of sounding of the object, and a change in the frequency tuning step from pulse to pulse.

Figure 1 presents a structural diagram of a device for classifying VO with trajectory motion instabilities. The device includes a pulse generator 1, BG 2, a block of delay lines 8, a block of frequency multipliers 9, the 1st mixer 3, the third mixer 5, LFO 6, ZG 7, coherent local oscillator 12, UM 17, UHF 15, AP 16, 2- mixer 14, antenna 13, UPCH 18, 1st PD 19, 2nd PD 23, PV 21, 1st ADC 20, 2nd ADC 24, VU 22 and UO 4.

Pulse generator 1 is connected by its output to the input of BG 2, which is connected by its output to the input of the first LZ 10 and the first of the M first inputs of the 1st mixer 3. The output of each m-th, from the first to (M-2) -th, LZ 10 included in the block of delay lines 8 is connected to the input of the corresponding (m + 1) th LZ 10 and to the input of the corresponding m-th frequency multiplier 11 from the block of frequency multipliers 9. This means that the output of the 1st LZ 10 connected to the input of the 2nd LZ 10 and the input of the first frequency multiplier 11, the output of the 2nd LZ 10 is connected to the input of the 3rd LZ 10 and the input of the 2nd frequency multiplier 11 and so Then to the (M-2) th LZ 10, which is connected by the output to the input of the (M-1) th LZ 10 and the input of the (M-2) th frequency multiplier 11. The output of the (M-1) th LZ 10 is connected only to the input of the (M-1) th frequency multiplier 11. The output of each m-th of (M-1) frequency multipliers 11 (all of them are part of the frequency multiplier block 9) is connected to the corresponding (m + 1) th from M first inputs of the 1st mixer 3, the second input of which is connected to the output of the exhaust gas 7. The first mixer 3, the third mixer 5, UM 17, AP 16, UHF 15, the 2nd mixer 14 and UPCH 18 are connected in series. The output of the first mixer 3 is also connected to the input of the coherent local oscillator 12, the output of which is connected simultaneously to the input of the PV 21 and the second input of the 2nd PD 23. The input-output of the antenna 13 is connected to the input-output of the AP 16, and the output of the LFO 6 is connected simultaneously with the second the input of the 3rd mixer 5 and the second input of the 2nd mixer 14. The output of the IF 18 is connected to the first input of the 1st PD 19 and the first input of the 2nd PD 23. The output of the PV 21 is connected to the second input of the 1st PD 19. The output 2nd PD 23 is connected to the input of the 2nd ADC 24, the output of which is connected to the 2nd input of the VU 22, which is connected with the input of the UO 4, and the first th input - with the output of the 1st ADC 20, whose input is connected to the output of the 1st PD 19.

The device operates as follows. The unit of local oscillators 2 is started by a pulse formed by a pulse generator 1. Block 2 consists of a set of quartz local oscillators and a switch that sequentially switches the output of the next quartz local oscillator to the output of the BG 2. The duration of the generated BG 2 pulses is determined by the duration of the starting pulse from block 1. The duration set by the pulse generator 1 pulse τ _and , component units μs, determines the similar duration of the probing signal of the proposed classification device. The repetition period of T _and pulses from the output of block 1 and, accordingly, from the output of block 2 is determined by the uniquely measured range to VO and is hundreds of microseconds. The local oscillator unit 2 has N local oscillators in terms of the number of required sounding frequencies N, and the number N is small and, for example, is N = 15. Formed BG 2 radio pulses have frequencies from tenths to units of MHz. The frequency difference Δf of two adjacent pulses (two adjacent local oscillators of block 2) is of the order of 0.1 MHz. The value Δf represents the minimum basic frequency spacing (frequency tuning step from pulse to pulse), which will further increase by a factor. The simplest option is that according to which a sequence of N radio pulses is formed at the output of BG 2, the frequency of each n-th of which is determined by the expression f _n = nΔf. Thus, the frequency of the first pulse is Δf, and the frequency of the Nth pulse is f _N = NΔf, respectively. The duration of the first packet of pulses at N different frequencies is equal to (NT _and + τ _and ).

After the pulse generator generates N rectangular pulses (which leads to the formation of 2 N pulses at the output of the BG 2 at frequencies f _n = nΔf, where n is the pulse number), block 1 temporarily stops generating pulses or can restart the production of N pulses after a time interval t _MN , depending on the number of frequencies N and the number M of the used packets of radio signals having within each packet a step of frequency tuning from pulse to pulse that is constant and different from other packets. The interval t _MN can be calculated by the formula t _MN = (MN + 1) T _and .

Delay lines 10 of the block 8 have the same delay times t _s . The delay time t _s is determined by the expression t _s = T _and (N + 1).

, имеет коэффициент умножения частоты, соответственно равный (m+1). То есть первый умножитель частоты 11 увеличивает частоту поступающего сигнала вдвое, второй умножитель - втрое, и так далее, а (М-1)-й умножитель частоты 11 увеличивает частоту поступающего на него сигнала в М раз.The first packet of pulses at N frequencies from the output of the BG 2 is supplied to the 1st of the M first inputs of the 1st mixer 3. At the output of the 1st mixer 3, a sequence of pulses with frequencies f _pr + Δf, f _pr + 2Δf, ..., f _pr + NΔf. To this end, a signal at an intermediate frequency f _{pr of the} order of 50 MHz from the output of the ZG 7 is fed to the 2nd input of block 3. After a delay in LZ 10 and after an increase in the frequency in the frequency multipliers, next bursts of N will arrive at the corresponding inputs of the 1st mixer 3 pulses. We will consider a pack of N pulses that does not pass LZ 10 and arrives at the 1st input of the 1st mixer 3, the first (m = 1). The second pack of N pulses will arrive at the 2nd of the M first inputs of the 1st mixer 3 through a time interval t _s . In addition, the frequency of all pulses of the second packet will be doubled in the 1st frequency multiplier 11. The frequency multiplier unit 9 includes (M-1) frequency multipliers. Each m-th frequency multiplier is 11, where

has a frequency multiplication coefficient, respectively, equal to (m + 1). That is, the first frequency multiplier 11 doubles the frequency of the incoming signal, the second multiplier tripled, and so on, and the (M-1) th frequency multiplier 11 increases the frequency of the signal received by it by M times.

Thus, the output of the 1st frequency multiplier 11 through the interval t _of a pack formed of N pulses with a frequency 2Δf, 4Δf, 6Δf, ..., 2NΔf. It will arrive at the 2nd of the M first inputs of the 1st mixer 3, as a result of which at the output of block 3 a second packet of pulse signals with frequencies f _pr + 2Δf, f _pr + 4Δf, ..., f _pr + 2NΔf will be formed.

At the output of the 2nd LZ 10, signals will appear through the interval 2t _s . After passing three times the frequency multiplication, arriving at the 3rd of M first inputs of the 1st mixer 3, these signals at the output of the 1st mixer 3 will have frequencies f _pr + 3Δf, f _pr + 6Δf, ..., f _pr + 3NΔf. Continuing the discussion in accordance with the logic of the proposed classification device, it can be argued that the signals of the Mth packet of N pulses, passing the (M-1) -th LZ 10 and the (M-1) -th frequency multiplier appear at the output of block 3 through interval (M-1) t _s and will have frequencies f _pr + MΔf, f _pr + 2MΔf, ..., f _pr + MNΔf.

The envelopes of the generated sequence of pulse signals at the input of the 1st mixer 3 (before switching to the intermediate frequency) are shown in figure 2. The dimming background indicates that the pulses are frequency-filled. Near each pulse, the value of its filling frequency at the input of the 1st mixer 3 is presented above or below.

Obviously, at the output of the 1st mixer 3, a similar sequence of M packs of radio pulses is formed, each of which includes N radio pulses. From conducted clarification understood that RF pulse m-th burst from the n-th number within a burst will have the output unit 3 frequency f _mn = f _ave + mnΔf, and its delay relative to the beginning of the first pulse of the entire sequence is equal to [(m-1 ) NT _and + nТ _and ].

The entire formed sequence of M packs of radio pulses comes from the output of the 1st mixer 3 to the 1st input of the 3rd mixer 5, the second input of which from the output of the LFO 6 receives a high-frequency signal at a carrier frequency f _{0 of} about 10 GHz. As a result, radio pulses arrive at the input of UM 17 from the output of block 5, the frequency of the nth of which is equal to f ₀ + f _pr + mnΔf within the mth packet. The power amplifier 17 increases the power (amplitude) of the input radio pulses to a value that ensures high-quality reception of signals after they are reflected from the VO within the required range [5, 6, 7]. From the output of the MIND 17, the radio pulses pass through the AP 16 and enter the antenna 13, which emits them in the direction of VO, to be classified. Reflected from the VO, the radio pulses are captured by the antenna 13 and through the AP 16 are fed to the input of the UHF 15, in which the radio pulses at frequencies f ₀ + f _pr + mnΔf + F _dnm (where F _dnm is the Doppler frequency addition upon reflection of the nth pulse of the mth bursts from the HE, due to the presence of the radial velocity component of the HE [5, 6]) go to the 1st input of the 2nd mixer 14, the second input of which receives the carrier frequency signal f ₀ from the output of the LFO 6. At the output of the 2nd mixer 14, radio signals are formed with frequencies equal to the frequency difference at its 1st and 2nd inputs. So, the radio pulse with number n reflected from the VO within the mth packet after passing block 14 will have a frequency f _pr + mnΔf + F _dnm . The signals from the output of the 2nd mixer 14 with the main intermediate frequency f _pr arrive at the input of the broadband amplifier 18, which produces their main gain. The bandwidth of the IF amplifier 18 should be wide and occupy a range from f to f _{pr pr} + NMΔf + F _dmax where Fd _max - maximum possible Doppler frequency of the reflected signal.

After the main amplification in the amplifier 18, each received signal is fed simultaneously to the first input of the 1st PD 19 and the 1st input of the 2nd PD 23. The reference voltage for the 2nd PD 23 is the harmonic signal from the output of the coherent local oscillator 12. This harmonic reference the signal is fed to the 2nd input of PD 23. The same harmonic signal, passing PV 21, changing the initial phase to π / 2, is fed as a reference to the 2nd input of the 1st PD 19. Coherent local oscillator 12 is launched in each the repetition period T _{and the} signal from the output of the 1st mixer 3. Appointment of a coherent hetero The dyne consists in the constant generation of a reference harmonic signal with a frequency and an initial phase corresponding to the local oscillator start signal. That is coho 12 in every repetition period T _and the generated signal is phased with the output unit 3 and stores the strict internal coherence to the arrival of the next signal, it imposes its frequency and initial phase [5-8]. Phase detectors are designed to isolate the sine (Im) and cosine (Re) components of the signal reflected by the object. Since the radiation of the probe signal in each period is conducted at its own unique frequency, the reference voltage of the phase detectors must correspond to this frequency in each period. The correct phasing of both PDs is ensured by the use of a coherent local oscillator 12. The signals at the outputs of the 1st and 2nd phase detectors will be synchronous quadrature components.

From the outputs of the PD 19 and 23, the quadrature components of the reflected signal are fed to the corresponding ADCs 20 and 24, designed to convert the quadrature components into digital form. From the outputs of the 1st ADC 20 and the 2nd ADC 24, the digitized values of the quadrature components are supplied respectively to the 1st and 2nd inputs of the VU 22. Computing device 22 is created on the elements of digital computer technology. As WU 22, a specialized microprocessor performing mathematical operations can also be used [9].

Since each signal has its own number corresponding to the number of the repetition period in which a sounding signal of a unique frequency is used, during reception and processing each signal can also be numbered with indices m and n. This allows you to create in block 22 an array of digital data U of the form

- амплитуда n-го отраженного сигнала из m-й пачки; Re_mn и Im_mn - соответственно косинусная и синусная составляющие отраженного ВО сигнала, имеющего номер n в пределах m-й пачки из N импульсов.Where

- the amplitude of the n-th reflected signal from the m-th packet; Re _mn and Im _mn are the cosine and sine components of the reflected VO signal, numbered within the mth burst of N pulses, respectively.

Note that the amplitudes of the reflected signals obtained by changing the frequency from pulse to pulse by Δf, i.e. signals of the first reflected packet (m = 1). The second line contains the amplitudes of the signals of the second reflected packet (m = 2) with a frequency tuning step from pulse to pulse (frequency spacing) 2Δf. In the mth line of the array, the amplitudes of reflections obtained by changing the sounding frequency from pulse to pulse by mΔf will be recorded. In the last row of the array, the values of the elements correspond to the change in the sounding frequency from pulse to pulse by NΔf.

The data of the array U are used in WU 22 to carry out the classification of HE. The classification is based on the dependence of the degree of fluctuation of the amplitude of the reflected signal on the size of the VO [10]. The larger the object, the stronger the amplitude of the reflected signal changes with a change in the frequency of sounding and with a change in the angle of location of the HE during a TN flight [6].

To form a classification attribute at the first stage, based on the values of the elements of each mth row of the array U, the sum E _m and the differences in the amplitudes of the signals obtained by changing the sounding frequency by the same amount are calculated. To do this, use the expression

,

,

where the index “m” at E _m means that the calculated sum of the differences refers to the mth row of the array U and corresponds to the calculation of the differences of adjacent amplitudes of the reflected signals recorded in the mth row of the array and obtained by changing the sounding frequency by mΔf.

At the second stage, the final value of the classification attribute is calculated by the formula

.

.

The calculated classification criterion for objects E takes into account the average level of change in the amplitude of the reflected signals (with the same change in the angle of location of the VO) when using the tuning of the probe frequency from pulse to pulse by a different value from Δf to MΔf. An important factor is that the sums of the differences are formed under the same conditions, i.e. at the same rate of change in the angle of the location of the VO flying from VT in a turbulent atmosphere.

Next, the calculated value of the characteristic E is compared with a set of threshold values. Thresholds are given in increasing order, which corresponds to an increase in the dimensions of the HE. If feature E exceeds a certain threshold, a decision is made to classify the HE in a specific class. The classification results from the output of WU 22 go to UO 4, which is intended to indicate the results and bring them to the consumer information about the class of the object.

The invention consists in the following. The fluctuations in the amplitudes of the reflected signals are always caused by the interference of waves reflected by individual RC surfaces of objects [1, 6, 11]. In single-frequency sounding, fluctuations in the amplitudes can be caused by a change in the mutual distances between the RCs in the radial direction, which may be a consequence of a change in the angle of the VO location if it experiences TN in flight in the form of yaw, pitch and roll [12]. However, under certain conditions, especially at small heading angles, during the period of sounding the object, the aircraft can maintain relative stability of its position with respect to the radar. Under such conditions, low-frequency fluctuations in the amplitudes of the reflected signals are not observed (it is assumed that high-frequency fluctuations in the amplitudes due to the turboprop effect are compensated by known methods [13]). The second factor causing the amplitude fluctuations of the reflected signals is the tuning of the sounding frequency. However, the optimal frequency tuning step from pulse to pulse, necessary for the classification of objects, has not yet been established. For this reason, it is proposed to use different values of the adjustment steps in the classification (in the proposed device from Δf to MΔf), and to classify the classification attribute by averaging the results obtained with different frequency adjustment values, reinforcing the physical nature of the attribute by additional use of changes in the location of the air object in the interval sounding by a sequence of radio pulses.

New elements of the classification device circuit (pulse generator, delay lines, frequency multipliers, mixer, carrier frequency generator and coherent local oscillator) are known and widely used in modern radar devices [5–8, 10–12], including classification devices ( recognition) [1]. It is assumed that the 1st mixer 3 actually has only two main inputs, i.e. the first M inputs are subsequently combined using standard ultra-high frequency devices (waveguide tees, directional couplers, slot bridges, ring bridges, etc.).

As follows from the description, the proposed classification device VO with TN movement has an advantage over the prototype [2], expressed in that the classification is carried out using a more informative feature. This feature is based on averaging amplitude fluctuations caused by three factors: changing the angle of the object, changing the sounding frequency, changing the frequency tuning step from pulse to pulse.

Information sources

1. Nebabin V.G., Sergeev V.V. Methods and techniques of radar recognition. - M .: Radio and communications, 1984. p.79, fig.3.21 (analogue).

2. RF patent No. 2144681. IPC ⁷ G01S 13/02. Aerial target recognition device in a two-frequency way. Bondarev L.A., Zhigunov P.A., Vasilchenko O.V., Gureev A.K., Chagrin A.S. Application No. 99110296. Priority 05/19/1999. Publ. 01/20/2000 (prototype).

3. Finkelstein M.I. Basics of radar. - M.: Radio and Communications, 1983. 536 p.

4. Dobrolensky Yu.P. Flight dynamics in a turbulent atmosphere. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1969.256 s.

5. Radio-electronic systems. Directory. Fundamentals of construction and theory / Ed. J.D. Shirman. - M .: Radio engineering. 2007.510 s.

6. Theoretical Foundations of Radar / Ed. J.D. Shirman. - M .: Owls. Radio, 1970.560 s.

7. Handbook of the basics of radar technology / Ed. V.V.Druzhinina. M .: Military Publishing. 1967.768 s.

8. Handbook of radar. Ed. M.I.Skolnika. Per. from English - M .: Owls. Radio, 1967. Vol. 1. Basics of radar. - 456 p.

9. Drozdov E.A. et al. Multiprogramming digital computers. - M.: Higher School, 1985, p. 243-247.

10. Okhrimenko A.E. Basics of radar and electronic warfare. Part 1. Basics of radar. M .: Military Publishing, 1983. 456 p.

11. Shirman Y.D., Gorshkov S.A., Leshchenko S.P., Bratchenko G.D., Orlenko V.M. Methods of radar recognition and their modeling // Foreign Radio Electronics, 1996. No. 11. S.3-62.

12. Barton D., Ward G. Handbook of radar measurements. Per. from English / Ed. M.M. Weisbane. - M .: Owls. Radio, 1976.392 s.

13. Mitrofanov D.G., Prokhorkin A.G. Methods of compensating the influence of the components of the turbine effect when constructing images of air targets // Radio Engineering, 2006. No. 9. S.32-37.

Claims (1)

A device for classifying airborne objects with trajectory motion instabilities, including an antenna, a local oscillator unit, a first mixer, a master oscillator connected by its output to the second input of the first mixer, a power amplifier, an antenna switch, a high-frequency amplifier, a second mixer, an intermediate amplifier, connected in series frequency, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first phase detector and the first input of the second phase detector, the output of which is connected to the input of the second o an analog-to-digital converter, the output of which is connected to the second input of the computing device, the output of which is connected to the input of the display device, and the first input to the output of the first analog-to-digital converter, while the computing device is designed to generate a classification sign that takes into account the average level of amplitude change reflected signals from an airborne object at different frequencies of frequency tuning and taking into account changes in the angle of location of an airborne object in the interval of its sounding sequences of radio pulses, followed by comparing the classification attribute with a set of threshold values, when the classification attribute exceeds a certain threshold value, they decide to assign the air object to a certain class, the input of the first analog-to-digital converter is connected to the output of the first phase detector, the second input of which is connected to the output phase shifter, the antenna being connected to the input / output of the antenna switch, characterized in that up to a pulse generator, a third mixer, a carrier frequency generator, a coherent local oscillator, a block of delay lines consisting of (M-1) delay lines, where M is the number of pulse sequences used, differing by the step of tuning the filling frequency from pulse to pulse and generated at the outputs, are additionally introduced delay lines, as well as a block of frequency multipliers, consisting of (M-1) frequency multipliers, and the frequency multiplier with the number "m", where

has a frequency multiplication factor equal to (m + 1), while the output of the pulse generator is connected to the input of the local oscillator block, consisting of a set of local oscillators and a switch that switches the output of the next local oscillator to the output of the local oscillator block, and the output of the local oscillator block is connected to the first of M the first inputs of the first mixer and to the input of the first delay line from the block of delay lines, the output of each m-th from the first to (M-2) -th delay line is associated with the input of the corresponding (m + 1) -th delay line and the input of the corresponding m smart frequency resident from the composition of the frequency multiplier block, the output of the (M-1) -th delay line is connected to the input of the (M-1) -th frequency multiplier from the composition of the frequency multiplier block, the output of each m-th of (M-1) frequency multipliers is connected with the corresponding (m + 1) th of the M first inputs of the first mixer, the output of which is connected to the first input of the third mixer and the input of a coherent local oscillator, the output of which is connected to the input of the phase shifter and the second input of the second phase detector, the output of the carrier frequency generator is connected to the second input second mixture ator and the second input of the third mixer, the output of which is connected to the input of the power amplifier.