RU2415915C1 - Clonostachys rosea f. catenulata (J.C.Gilman et E.V.Abbott) Schroers STRAIN - POLYVINYL ALCOHOL BIOLOGICAL DESTRUCTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention refers to remedies for environmental pollution and concerns the use of Clonostachys rosea f. catenulata (J.C.Gilman et E.V.Abbott) Schroers strain, Russian National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms No. F-991, as a biological destructor of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The presented Clonostachys rosea f. Catenulata 2B strain is recovered in vivo by a polyvinyl alcohol bait method from a soil sample: the Moscow Region. Lyubertsy District, fruit-tree nursery "Moscow Area Gardens"; the soil is agrogenically treated, podzolic sod, heavy loam; and the strain is deposited on 12.01.2009 in the Russian National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms, under No. F-991. ^ EFFECT: use of the invention allows effective polyvinyl alcohol destruction. ^ 1 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of biotechnology, in particular to means of combating environmental pollution, and for the use of strain Clonostachys rosea f. catenulata (J.C. Gilman et E.V. Abbott) Schroers, VKPM F-991, as a biodestructor of polyvinyl alcohol (LAN). The invention can be used in the disposal of waste polymeric materials based on polyvinyl alcohol.

The large volume of world production of polymers and the associated widespread use of polymer films as packaging materials have led to the emergence of a critical problem caused by the need to utilize synthetic polymer waste.

In their chemical composition, synthetic polymers are difficult to access due to biotic factors. However, many microscopic fungi are capable of overgrowing, damaging, and even destroying polymers of various chemical structures [Biodeterioration. Ed. Ilyicheva. M., Higher School, 1987, 352 pp.]. Damage to synthetic polymers occurs with varying intensity, which depends both on the composition of the material and on the activity of microorganisms capable of functioning under certain environmental conditions.

Currently in the catalog of micromycetes-biodestructors of polymeric materials [Lugauskas A.Yu., Mikulskene A.I., Shlyauzhene D.Yu. The catalog of micromycetes-biodestructors of polymeric materials, M., Nauka, 1987] presents data on micromycetes found on polymeric materials of various practical purposes in the regions of Russia and the Baltic states. 360 species of micromycetes are described, a brief description of their morphological features is given.

The microorganism Helminthosporium solani was adopted as the closest analogue to the claimed invention (Lugauskas A.Yu., Mikulskene A.I., Shlyauzhene D.Yu. Catalog of micromycetes-biodestructors of polymeric materials, M., Nauka, 1987) - biodestructor of polyvinyl chloride film, material, related as well as polyvinyl alcohols to vinyl polymer synthetic materials. However, when assigning this microorganism to biodestructors of polymeric materials, the method of fouling of polymeric material was used, which is insufficient and, as studies have shown, unreliable.

The aim of the invention is the identification of a new strain, characterized by a high level of biodegradation of polyvinyl alcohols, together with the study of surface changes of samples after immobilization of the micromycete under study and the establishment of a biodegradation mechanism under the action of this strain.

To obtain the goal proposed strain Clonostachys rosea f. Catenulata VKPM F-991.

The technical result consists in the effective destruction of polyvinyl alcohol by a strain of Clonostachys rosea f. Catenulata VKPM F-991 (the mass of polyvinyl alcohol under the action of this strain decreases on average by 0.50-0.57% for 21 days). Moreover, it was found that under the action of enzymes of this strain, the main chain of the PVA macromolecule breaks with the formation of hexadecanoic acid esters.

Strain Clonostachys rosea f. Catenulata 2B was isolated in vivo by polyvinyl alcohol bait from a soil sample: Moscow Region. Lyubertsy district, fruit nursery "Gardens of Moscow Region"; the soil is agrogenically altered sod-podzolic heavy loamy, and deposited on 12.01.2009 at the All-Russian Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (VKPM) under the number F-991.

This strain is characterized by the following features:

- Cultural and morphological characteristics: on the diagnostic medium (oat agar - OA) - growth is quite fast, the edge of the colony is arachnoid, mycelium is fluffy-ragged, heavy; colony size 45-55 mm for 7-10 days; the aerial mycelium is plentiful, fluffy, up to 3 mm in height, dense, heavy, white in color on the 7-10th day of cultivation; the color of the substrate mycelium is yellowish white; the color of the reverse side of the colony is first colorless, then pale yellow. On OA and Chapek's medium, it synthesizes a lemon-yellow pigment on days 14-21 of cultivation. As the culture ages, the aerial mycelium acquires a pale yellowish color, abundant sporulation on the secondary conidiophores develops in the center, which gives the colony a light green color. With growth on wort - agar - colonies form sporulation faster (on 5-7 days); on Chapek’s agar, on the contrary, sporulation appears on days 10-14.

- Microscopy: septic mycelium, thin, unpainted, often forms strands; sporulation - forms two types of conidiophores. Primary conidiophores are formed singly throughout the colony, but prevail in the marginal zone, they reach 200 μm in length and carry from the top one to three whorls of 3-5 diverging elongated phialids up to 30 μm long. Secondary conidiophores form later, are more abundant in the center of the colony, can be grouped, they reach 150 microns in length and carry a two-four-tiered broad brush on top of it, consisting of more or less pressed branches of brooms and bottle-shaped phialids, straight or slightly curved, 10 -15 microns in length. Conidia on primary conidiophores are formed in mucous heads, on secondary conidiophores in wide columns. Conidia are ellipsoidal, unequal, to slightly bent, 4.5-6 × 2.5-3 microns, smooth, from colorless (on primary conidiophores) to light green (on secondary conidiophores). Chlamydospores are rare.

Example 1

Monitoring the biodegradation mechanism of polyvinyl alcohol involves the cultivation of the strain Clonostachys rosea f. catenulata (JCGilman et EVAbbott) Schroers, VKPM F-991 on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, manufactured by Chang Chun Petrochemical Co., Ltd; grades BF24, BF 08) based on GOST 9.048-89, GOST 9.040-91; investigation of the polymer surface using scanning electron microscopy (scanning microscope from JOEL - JSM-5300LV, Japan); Detection of produced substances by chromatography-mass spectrometry (Hewlett Packard chromatograph model HP-6890 (USA) with mass-selective detector and capillary column 30 m, d _ext 0.25 mm HP - 5 MS in the temperature programming mode 40 ÷ 260 ° С 15 ° / min). Determination of the change in mass of polymer samples.

The drawing shows an electron microscopic photograph of the surface of polyvinyl alcohol after immobilization of Clonostachys rosea f. catenulata (J.C. Gilman et E.V. Abbott) Schroers, VKPM F-991 (magnification × 2000).

When studying the surface of PVA samples in contact with soil microorganisms, organic substances such as ericylamide, ethyl hexadecanoic acid ester were identified on the surface of immobilized polyvinyl alcohol. The study showed that there is a decrease in the weight of PVA samples by 0.50-0.57% for 21 days, with the point nature of the defeat of PVA.

Thus, the results obtained indicate that using the strain Clonostachys rosea f. catenulata (J.C. Gilman et E.V. Abbott) Schroers, VKPM F-991 can achieve intense destruction of polyvinyl alcohol and it can be used in the disposal of waste polymeric materials based on polyvinyl alcohol.

Claims (1)

Strain Clonostachys rosea f. catenulata (J.C. Gilman et E.V. Abbott) Schroers VKPM F-991 is a biodestructor of polyvinyl alcohol.

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