RU2415462C1 - System and method of displaying information for different levels of knowledge with possibility of individual approach - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: information technology.

SUBSTANCE: system for displaying information for different levels of knowledge depending on the level of the user includes data input apparatus connected to command processing apparatus; the command processing apparatus is connected to the data input apparatus and request issuing apparatus; the request issuing apparatus is connected to the command processing apparatus and communication apparatus; the communication apparatus is connected to the request issuing apparatus, data input apparatus and solution output apparatus; data output apparatus is connected to the communication apparatus; solution output apparatus, connected to the communication apparatus, knowledge base and data profile base; the knowledge base is connected to the solution output apparatus; the profile data base is connected to the solution output apparatus. The invention also discloses a method of assessing and correcting the knowledge level of a user, which works based on statistics gathered during the time when the user is browsing.

EFFECT: displaying information for different levels of knowledge depending on the level of the user, a method of assessing and correcting the knowledge level of the user.

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Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to systems for processing and displaying information and, more specifically, to electronic books and encyclopedias.

State of the art

One of the main problems that arise during the accumulation of knowledge on a specific topic or field of knowledge is the problem of knowledge storage. The use of traditional books and magazines has its weaknesses - a large number of them occupy a significant amount of space, there are difficulties cataloging all publications, the inability to correct errors and typos in already published publications. It is also almost impossible to conduct a quick search in the literature for keywords of interest.

To solve these problems, there are currently electronic books that can easily circumvent the shortcomings of ordinary literature - they practically do not take up space, are convenient for distribution, and existing methods of processing information make it easy to find the material of interest by keywords. Various embodiments of electronic books are described in patents US 6064384, WO 03/081408, WO 00/62177. For better display results, electronic paper (e-paper or e-ink) can also be used.

For the convenience of interacting with an e-book, you can also use various methods of entering information, such as, for example, a touch screen that is sensitive to finger presses, or a separate module that can perceive human speech. Touch screen sensitive to finger pressure is described in such applications and patents as, for example, US 6882596, US 20080136784, US 20080309451. Speech recognition is also described in various patents, for example, in patent US 6178403 the voice-entered commands are processed, in patent JP 09146691 the human voice is also analyzed, and WO 01/01373 describes a method for converting speech into commands.

In addition to facilitating access to information, one of the most important tasks is to provide information in a form that will be understandable to a certain person with his level of knowledge of the subject. For example, a primary school student has enough basic knowledge of biology, while a graduate student who is involved in the structure of protein molecules may need highly specialized information for his work. At the moment, this problem is being solved by creating several options for describing and presenting data at once, such as, for example, in application US 20080294688, or by providing additional help, for example, technical details, on the subject. A similar method for providing additional information is given in patent WO 00/62177. Nevertheless, the compilation of such information should still be done manually, since it is very difficult to accurately and correctly describe a particular topic without human intervention. At the moment, it’s almost impossible to automatically create a simplified description of some technical information without expert intervention.

Providing information that is understandable to a person at his level of knowledge will also require an assessment of the user and his knowledge of the subject in the event that the user himself cannot accurately tell his level of knowledge on this topic. One of the easiest ways is to take a test and find out the level of knowledge based on the result. Further, you can use the control questions on each topic for training. Similar ideas are described in patents KR 207686, KR 1070851, WO 00/62177. After that, you can fill in the user's personal statistics and focus on them, as well as on their personal data, with the following requests, which are described in such a patent as WO 2003081408 or in application US 20080141182. As another option, it is possible to use direct communication with the authors, for example , via text or video chat, as reflected in patent WO 01/67302.

However, the options for providing information described above also have their drawbacks, which are that for different groups of people there may be no description for their level of knowledge, as well as the possibility of an individualized approach for each individual person.

Thus, the technical result of the claimed invention is the presentation of information for users with different levels of knowledge and the possibility of an individual approach using a graphics tablet as a means of displaying information.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, the technical result of the claimed invention is the provision of information for users with different levels of knowledge and the possibility of an individual approach.

The system for generating a response upon request, taking into account scientific knowledge with a different level of detail by issuing data corresponding to the level of knowledge of the user, includes: (a) information input means associated with the command processing means for inputting information by the user; (b) a command processing means associated with a request issuing means that is intended to process data received from the information input means to obtain keywords; (c) a means for issuing a request related to a means of communication, which is intended to form a request based on keywords received from the means for processing commands; (d) a means of communication associated with a means of outputting information and a means for issuing decisions, which is intended to provide information exchange of data; (e) means for outputting the generated response to the user; (e) a means for issuing decisions related to a communication medium, a knowledge base and a database of profiles, designed to generate a response on request based on information in the knowledge base and based on data obtained from the profile database; (g) a knowledge base that is designed to store descriptions of scientific knowledge at various levels; (h) a database of profiles that is designed to store information about the level of scientific knowledge of all users who are registered in the system.

In a particular embodiment, the information input means include a touch screen and / or speech recognition means.

In a particular embodiment, the system for generating an answer on demand, taking into account scientific knowledge with different levels of detail, by issuing data corresponding to the level of knowledge of the user, can be implemented in the form of a graphic tablet, which includes means for inputting information, means for issuing a request, communication means, and output means information and which is associated with a means of issuing decisions.

A method of generating a response to a request taking into account scientific knowledge with a different level of detail by issuing data corresponding to the level of knowledge of the user, in which: (a) receive a request from the user; (b) determine the level of knowledge of the user using his profile in the database of profiles; (c) look for data in accordance with a request from the user in the knowledge base and their compliance with the user's knowledge level according to the user profile and generate a response for the request taking into account the data found; (d) if data of the required level of knowledge are not available in the knowledge base, then they form the answer on the basis of data of a higher level of knowledge: data from a higher level of knowledge is extracted from the knowledge base; delete data of a higher level of knowledge that cannot be determined at the desired level of knowledge; transform the remaining data of a higher level of knowledge to represent them at the desired level of knowledge; generate a response for the user based on the converted data.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be established from the description that follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, and may be obtained from the practical application of the invention. The advantages of the invention will be achieved and acquired through a structure specifically emphasized in the written description and claims, as well as in the accompanying drawings.

It is understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide an explanation of the claimed invention.

Brief description of the attached drawings

The accompanying drawings are intended to further understand the claimed invention, form part of this description, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.

Figure 1 displays a graphics tablet on which the present invention may be implemented.

Figure 2 illustrates a diagram of an information display system for various levels of knowledge with the possibility of an individual approach.

Figure 3 illustrates the method of providing information, depending on the level of knowledge of the user.

Figure 4 illustrates various authors and their knowledge of specific topics in a particular area.

Figure 5 illustrates a matrix of knowledge identified by various authors.

6 illustrates options for the completeness of the description depending on the type of description.

7 illustrates the logical connections between topics.

Fig. 8 illustrates an example description at a simple (basic) level.

9 illustrates an example of an description at an advanced level.

10A illustrates the logical relationships between topics for an example description at a simple (basic) level.

10B illustrates the logical connections between topics for an example description at an advanced level.

10B illustrates logical relationships between topics for an example description at a middle level.

10G illustrates an example of a description at the middle level.

11 illustrates a method for evaluating and correcting a user's knowledge level.

Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments

Next, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings.

According to the invention, a system is provided for presenting information to users with different levels of knowledge and the possibility of an individual approach, as well as a method for assessing and correcting the level of user knowledge.

First, an embodiment of the invention on a tablet (for example, in the form of a Tablet PC) will be considered, which is a preferred, but not the only embodiment. Figure 1 shows a tablet 100, which has a touch screen 105 that is sensitive to touch of fingers. It also provides the possibility of feedback 110 with the authors of the article in the form of e-mail, as well as the ability to contact directly via video chat 120 in real time. The user can also take advantage of viewing personal profile 140 or passing exams or tests on the selected topic 130, if any, for example, are provided as part of an educational program. Finally, for users with different levels of knowledge, separate controls 150 are provided at the bottom. It is worth noting that the above diagram is approximate, for example, all of the above elements can be used through the touch screen 105.

Variants of using feedback 110 and video chat 120 are well suited both for a better understanding of the topic, and for the opportunity to report inaccuracies and errors in the description, while the author can make changes in real time.

Figure 2 shows a system for displaying information for users with different levels of knowledge with the possibility of an individual approach. Initially, within one embodiment, the user can use the information input means, which are presented in the form of a touch screen 105 and speech recognition means 215 to enter data on a topic of interest. Note that the speech recognition tool 215 can also be integrated into the tablet 100. The resulting user requests are sent to the command processing tool 230, which converts the received data into keywords that will be used by the query tool 240 to determine the topic to be displayed for user. Then, the decision tool 240 sends the request through the communication tool 220 to the decision tool 250. The communication tool 220 itself can support one of the types of wireless communications, such as those described in IEEE 802.11 a / b / g / n, IEEE 802.16 (better known as WiMAX), Bluetooth, and others.

The tool 250 for issuing solutions is associated with the knowledge base 260, which stores all information on available topics, as well as with the database of user profiles 270. It is assumed that the knowledge base was created with the help of expert people who are authors of 280 and who support the knowledge base 260 in accordance with the current level of knowledge. Also, in order to determine the level of preparation and knowledge of the user, his personal profile is used, which is retrieved from the profile database 270. After the decision-maker 250 issues a response in accordance with the request, the information will be displayed using the information output means 210, which may represent a touch screen 105.

Figure 3 shows the algorithm of the system for issuing a response to a user’s request on a topic of interest to him in accordance with the level of knowledge of the user. At step 310, when the user tries to log in, a check is made for the presence of his profile in the database. At step 315, the user can create their own profile if it is not in the profile database 270. Next, at step 320, the user logs on to the system. Then, at step 330, he enters a query on a topic of interest to him, after which, at step 340, the keywords are determined using the command processing means 230. Then, the query issuing means 240 directly determines the topic of interest to the user. Additionally, at step 350, the user's knowledge level is determined using the profile database 270. Having determined the topic that the user needs and taking into account his level of knowledge, at step 360, a corresponding record is searched in the knowledge base 260. If there is such a record, then it it is automatically issued to the user at step 390. If there is no such entry in the knowledge base 260, then the system checks the possibility of creating a description of this topic based on the existing knowledge at step 370. In one embodiment, this can be simplified e detailed expert description. Thus, at step 380, a response will be generated based on the information available in the knowledge base. If the system does not have enough knowledge to form an answer, then the author can be attracted to issue a response at request at step 385 using, for example, feedback 110 or video chat 120 in the case of an implementation in the form of a tablet 100. As a result, the algorithm ends at step 390 in the form of a response to the user.

To create a knowledge base requires the participation of expert people who have the necessary knowledge in their field. Figure 4 shows an exemplary diagram in which several authors with knowledge of several topics are displayed. To simplify the understanding of the present invention, 4 topics are given, for each of which any of the authors has his own idea, which is displayed in the form of symbols of knowledge of this topic. For example, author 1 has "Excellent" knowledge of topics 1 and 2, but only "Good" on topic 3 and only "Average" on topic 4. At the same time, author 2 has "Excellent" knowledge on topic 4, and author 4 has the only “excellent” knowledge of the topic among all authors 3. Assessment of knowledge of a particular topic can be set by both the author himself and some group of experts who evaluate the description of the topic by the author.

Having a list of authors and their level of knowledge, it is possible to form a matrix of knowledge, which is displayed in figure 5. Each row displays an approximate level of knowledge of the topic (in this example, from "Excellent" to "Bad", which can be equated to levels of knowledge, for example, from expert to initial), the lines reflect the topics. You can see that on some topics, for example, on topic 3, there are two descriptions, from authors 1 and 2, which have the same level of "Good." At the same time, there are no levels of knowledge like "Average" or "Bad", for example, on topics 1 and 3. One of the main tasks is the automatic adaptation of expert knowledge to a more simplified level of knowledge.

Consider examples of various options for describing one of the topics, in particular from the field of computer security, for a more detailed consideration. Suppose a user is interested in the definition of "malware." For him, you can offer several options for describing this concept - from the simplest to the expert.

The simplest level may include the following description:

“A malicious program is a computer program that is created specifically for actions unauthorized by the user, for example, to destroy, or steal information, or to malfunction a computer."

Thus, the user is given the concept of the main purpose of the malware. If the user wants to know more about their classification and in more detail about their action, then in this case he can be offered the next level of description, more expanded compared to the simplest level of description.

A more complicated version, let's call it simple, includes a more detailed description of the functionality and the division of malicious programs into categories. For example, a similar description may be:

"A malicious program is a computer program that is created specifically for the unauthorized user to destroy, block, modify or copy information, disrupt computers or computer networks.

This category includes viruses and worms, trojans, and other tools designed to automate the activities of attackers (hacking tools, constructors of polymorphic malicious code, etc.). "

Further consideration of the definition of “malware” will require a description of the three main groups of malware — viruses and worms, trojans, and other malicious utilities (other tools) that do not fit the definition of the first two groups. Such a division from private to general and vice versa is not new, for example, in the well-known Internet encyclopedia Wikipedia, many topics are divided into sections, which in turn may also include subsections, etc. For example, a large section on the science of Physics includes such subsections as Mechanics, Thermodynamics and Molecular Physics, Electricity and Magnetism, etc. In turn, "Mechanics" has its own subsections "Classical Mechanics", "Special Theory of Relativity", "Relativistic Mechanics", "Quantum Mechanics". Each subsection includes more detailed and specialized information about the subject.

Consider the Trojan programs subsection in the Malicious program section. The following option can be used as a description:

“These malicious programs were created to carry out actions unauthorized by the user aimed at destroying, blocking, modifying or copying information, disrupting the operation of computers or computer networks. Unlike viruses and worms, representatives of this category do not have the ability to create their own copies, with the possibility of further self-reproduction.

The main sign that distinguishes types of trojans is their unauthorized actions - those that they perform on an infected computer.

For a more in-depth understanding of some details, such as actions unauthorized by the user, the description can be expanded (suppose a variant of the description of medium complexity):

“These malicious programs were created to carry out actions unauthorized by the user aimed at destroying, blocking, modifying or copying information, disrupting the operation of computers or computer networks. Unlike viruses and worms, representatives of this category do not have the ability to create their own copies, with the possibility of further self-reproduction.

The main sign that distinguishes types of trojans is their unauthorized actions - those that they perform on an infected computer.

The following behaviors fall into this category of malware: Backdoor, Trojan-Clicker, Trojan-GameThief, Trojan-Ransom, Trojan-PSW, Rootkit ... "

To reveal the technical details, we need an expert description of the Trojan programs subsection, which will look like this:

“These malicious programs were created to carry out actions unauthorized by the user aimed at destroying, blocking, modifying or copying information, disrupting the operation of computers or computer networks. Unlike viruses and worms, representatives of this category do not have the ability to create their own copies, with the possibility of further self-reproduction.

The main sign that distinguishes types of trojans is their unauthorized actions - those that they perform on an infected computer.

The following behaviors fall into this category of malware: Backdoor, Trojan-Clicker, Trojan-GameThief, Trojan-Ransom, Trojan-PSW, Rootkit ...

Technical details

Typical sizes. Representation of the object (s) in the operating system ...

Installation process

Creating object (s) in the system. Creating registry keys ...

Destructive activity

Creating banners, stealing personal information, stealing passwords from online games ...

Removal Recommendations

Removing files, checking with antivirus, deleting registry keys ... "

Figure 6 shows the gradation of the level of detail (i.e. the total amount of information) in the description depending on the type of description. Figure 6 shows that the expert description is the most comprehensive and contains all the information that will be interesting even to experts in this field of knowledge.

In some areas where the accumulation of knowledge is proceeding rapidly, the task of processing and interpreting the data obtained is especially acute, especially in cases where accelerated training of new personnel and employees is required, as well as less time is devoted to retraining of old ones. Thus, the task of interpreting and constantly updating incoming information from experts in their field is very important.

In any description, the terms used can be distinguished, and each term can be described with a different level of detail and for people with different levels of training. By the term will mean a basic concept, in the description of which it will no longer be possible to "lower" below the level. An example is the following table:

Topic 1 (Term 2, Term 5, ... Term N)

Theme 2 (Term 1, Term 5, ... Term K)

Topic 3 (Term 1, ..., Link to Topic 1, Link to Topic 2)

Topic L (Term A, Term B, ... Link to Topic C)

Topic [Terms] [Links to Themes] [Illustrations] [Examples]

In the illustration above, each topic includes several terms and links to other topics, and it is also possible to include additional illustrations and examples. For example, the subsection “Trojans” already discussed above may include the following terms: [File] [Install programs] [Uninstall programs] and others. Figure 7 shows an example of logical connections between topics and terms. In the event that in the future a term requires clarification and additional concepts are introduced for it, then it can be considered a topic, i.e. the concepts of topic and term are essentially equivalent, and the separation is associated with the need to display the lower level of logical connections.

Accordingly, a description of the terms can also be done at different levels of complexity - from the simplest to the expert. For example, consider the term file. In the framework of the simplest description shown in Fig. 8, it will include information only that this concept means any text, film, song that are stored on disk, and also indicates the file size in bytes, an illustration is offered, and also a mention that the size can be as actual (in the illustration given it is 74 bytes), while on the disk the occupied space takes 4 kb. For more detailed information, it is proposed to look at other descriptions - but already the term "File", because it is assumed that a more advanced user already has an idea about the files and that they take up disk space. Figure 9 shows the term "File" with a more detailed (advanced) description, with links to the file system (where the user can find out why the disk space was 4k for the previous example), file types, etc.

On figa and 10B shows a diagram of the logical relationships between terms and topics. In the first case, mention of the file size is also related to the concept of byte. This information may be useful, for example, to primary school students. At the same time, FIG. 10B shows file information, which includes basic concepts regarding files (for example, file operations and their properties), and topics that will help to more fully understand how operating systems work with files. You may notice that the concept of byte is already absent for this level of description, since this allows us not to overload the description with information. Otherwise, the expert description could be overloaded with information that professionals may be completely uninteresting.

Thus, having a description for various topics with a different level of details and details, as well as a different presentation, we can offer such an option for describing a particular topic (or term) that will suit a certain person who has his own level of knowledge in a certain area - from basic knowledge down to expert. The user can always choose another variant of the description, if he is not satisfied with the completeness of the description or its simplicity, or, conversely, the given description is too complicated.

In the example shown in Fig. 5, it can be seen that there are topics for which there are no descriptions at a certain level of knowledge. In this case, the description may be compiled from a description of a higher level. For example, FIGS. 10B and 10G show an example of how the description of the “File” topic was compiled from the description of the advanced level shown in FIG. 10B, from which the term “Process” and the topic “OS Objects” were dropped, for which it was not found descriptions at an average level. In the case when the description on a simpler level does not suit users, expert assistance is required, which can be requested using the feedback functions 110 or video chat 120.

Also one of the tasks that are solved using this invention is the task of training people who use the proposed system. At the moment, there are a large number of ways to assess the level of knowledge, one of which is a test system. 11 illustrates the process of evaluating and correcting user knowledge depending on the topics viewed. Obviously, if a person is viewing a description of topics or terms of an entry-level level, then in case of his next requests the system should issue descriptions of an entry-level level. After conducting an initial analysis of the user's knowledge at step 1110 - and this information can be requested from the user at the very beginning, even before he is going to use the proposed system - in the future, you can collect information about the topics that the user is looking for, as well as about the level of description, which suits the user. The system performs these actions at step 1120, so that at step 1130 an analysis of the user's knowledge is carried out, based on the information received about what topics the user was viewing.

If you also take into account the level of exams and tests passed, you can get information not only about academic performance, but also about how much time a person spent on training. Time tracking can be carried out on the basis of how many people stayed in the system; you can also record the number of queries by topic per hour. Thus, if at step 1140 the user satisfies the criteria for his level of knowledge (their presentation), the system will continue to collect statistics at step 1120. In the event that the user has made progress or, conversely, has taken the bar too high for himself, then the system will prompt you to change its level at step 1150. If the user agrees with the decision of the system, then at step 1160 the system will change its knowledge level to higher or lower and continue to collect statistics at step 1120. Depending on the settings, you can also exclude s stage 1150. For example, this can be done to educate the students in the classroom, while students profiles and evaluate their performance can only see the teacher.

Additionally, the system can collect data on user profiles, for example, this data can include age, occupation, hobbies, gender, country of residence, and other data that can be used to initially determine the level of knowledge at block 1110.

Having the preferred embodiments described above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the specific advantages of the described method and apparatus will be achieved. It will also be appreciated that various modifications, adaptations, and alternative embodiments may be made within the scope and spirit of the present invention. In addition, the invention is defined by the following claims.

Claims (4)

1. The system for generating a response upon request taking into account scientific knowledge with a different level of detail due to the output of data corresponding to the level of knowledge of the user, the system includes
(a) information input means associated with a command processing means for inputting information by a user;
(b) a command processing means associated with a request issuing means that is intended to process data received from the information input means to obtain keywords;
(c) a means for issuing a request related to a means of communication, which is intended to form a request based on keywords received from the means for processing commands;
(d) a means of communication associated with a means of outputting information and a means for issuing decisions, which is intended to provide information exchange of data;
(e) means for outputting the generated response to the user;
(e) a means for issuing decisions related to a communication medium, a knowledge base and a database of profiles, designed to generate a response on request based on information in the knowledge base and based on data obtained from the profile database;
(g) a knowledge base that is designed to store descriptions of scientific knowledge at various levels;
(h) a database of profiles, which is designed to store information about the level of scientific knowledge of all users who are registered in the system. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the information input means include a touch screen and / or speech recognition means. 3. The system according to claim 1, which is implemented in the form of a graphic tablet, which includes means for inputting information, means for issuing a request, communication means, means for outputting information, and which is associated with means for issuing decisions. 4. A method of generating a response to a request taking into account scientific knowledge with a different level of detail by issuing data corresponding to the level of knowledge of the user in which
(a) receive a request from the user;
(b) determine the level of knowledge of the user using his profile in the database of profiles;
(c) search for data in accordance with a request from the user in the knowledge base and their compliance with the user's knowledge level according to the user profile and generate a response for the request taking into account the data found;
(d) if data of the required level of knowledge are not available in the knowledge base, then they form an answer based on data of a higher level of knowledge:
(i) retrieve data of a higher level of knowledge from the knowledge base;
(ii) delete data of a higher level of knowledge that cannot be determined at the desired level of knowledge;
(iii) transform the remaining data of a higher level of knowledge for presentation at the desired level of knowledge;
(iv) generating a response for the user based on the converted data.

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