RU2415224C2 - Method to repair concrete lining of hydraulic engineering structures in process of operation (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method of repair includes filling plastic composition into space between boards and basement through pressurised injection, which is identified from the following dependence:

where P - pressure of plastic composition injection into space under boards, kPa; 0.098 - proportion ratio; k - size coefficient, kPa·cm²/g; γ_rc - volume weight of reinforced concrete boards, g/cm³; δ_o - thickness of reinforced concrete boards, cm; γ_pc - volume weight of plastic composition, g/cm³; Δ - average value of gap between reinforced concrete plate and base, cm; m - horizontal equivalent. Five versions are proposed for plastic compositions, including portland cement, quartz sand with fraction of less than 0,14 mm; superplasticiser C-3, water and possibly additive selected from the group; microsilica, condensed with specified surface (15-25)·10³ cm²/g, mineral powder for asphalt concrete and organic mineral mixtures, chrysotile asbestos and polishing dust - waste of asbestos products making, brine of leach extraction of bischofite-sulfate type with density of 1.24-1.35 t/m³.

EFFECT: improved manufacturability of method for repair of specified lining, higher impermeability to water and frost resistance of concrete mixture.

5 cl, 6 tbl, 1 ex, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, mainly to the creation, repair and reconstruction of impervious lining of canals and ponds, as well as slopes of soil dams, lined with concrete and reinforced concrete slabs.

A known method of creating a waterproof cladding, including filling on a soil base of a matting layer with a thickness of 10-15 cm from cement-sand-ash material with its subsequent compaction, laying on the prepared base of a film panel, cushioning material and reinforced concrete slabs (see SU, copyright certificate No. 1213118 A, M.cl ³ E02B 3/16, 3/04. A method of creating a waterproof cladding. / A.V. Ishchenko, Yu.M. Kosichenko and N. A. Evstratov. - Application No. 3793997 / 29-15; Stated 09/21/1984; Publ. 02/23/1986 Bull. No. 7).

The disadvantages of this method are the significant complexity of the process of applying to the soil base a leveling matting layer of cement-sand-ash material (in dry form) and the difficulty of compaction on the slopes to the required density, which can cause hydraulic structures (canals, ponds, dams during operation) and others) unacceptable deformations of the elements of the impervious lining with a violation of its integrity.

There is also known a method of creating an impervious lining of a channel, including laying a film antifiltration screen with prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs on the slopes and a monolithic concrete coating along the bottom of the channel, in which the film screen is closed together with a protective gasket laid on top of it, glued to the lower surface of the first row of plates, in the interface between the slopes and the bottom of the channel, a deformation compensator of the film screen is installed in the form of a vertical fold, and the spaces formed between the platens of slopes and the film screen is filled with a hardening composition of the cement-sand mixture ratio of 1:.... 3 (see SU, №1281626 A1, inventor's certificate, M.kl ³ E02B 3/16 method for creating a lining impervious channel / JM Kosichenko and A.V. Ishchenko. - Application No. 3954196 / 29-15; Announced 06/26/1985. Publish. 07.01.1987, Bull. No. 1).

The disadvantages of this method are the significant complexity, multi-operation, high complexity and low-tech device facing the channel. In this case, the absence of a film antifiltration screen under the concrete coating of the channel bottom as a whole does not allow achieving sufficient antifiltration efficiency of the above-described cladding.

The closest analogue in essence to the claimed invention is a method of repairing a concrete cladding on subsidence soils, comprising filling with a hardening plastic composition by injecting through the openings in the plates the spaces between the cladding plates and a film screen laid beneath the soil above them, and before filling the subfloor space with a hardening plastic composition through the holes in the plates, a water-repellent mixture in the form of an advective cloud is injected into it (see SU, author’s certificate stvo №1477819 A1, M.kl ³ E02B 3/16 method for repairing concrete lining on subsiding ground / A.V.Ischenko, N.A.Evstratov, and T.S.Kosenko B.S.Krivoshlykov -... Application № 4242764 / 29-15. Declared 05/12/1987. Publish. 05/07/1989, Bull. No. 7).

As a hardening plastic composition in the implementation of the above method, cement-ash dough in a ratio of 2: 1 and W / C = 0.685 is used (see A.V. Ishchenko. Improving the efficiency and reliability of anti-filter devices of hydraulic structures. // Abstract of thesis. D. -ra of technical sciences. - Novocherkassk, 2008. - P.69).

The disadvantage of this method is the need for injection into the underfloor space of the water-repellent mixture in the form of an advective cloud, which increases the cost and complicates the production of injection work. In this case, after injection of the appropriate mixture into the under-plate space, a water-repellent film is formed on the lower plane of the plates, which prevents reliable contact of the injecting cement-ash test with the cladding plates.

Moreover, the cement-ash dough used in this method for injecting the pit space has a very high water-cement ratio (W / C = 0.685), which significantly increases its porosity and water absorption during hardening and, as a result, reduces the water resistance and frost resistance of the hardened dough.

The essence of the claimed invention is as follows.

The problem to which the claimed invention is directed is to increase the efficiency of the method for repairing concrete cladding of hydraulic structures during operation.

The technical result is an increase in the manufacturability of a method for repairing an impervious cladding of hydraulic structures, a decrease in its cost, and an increase in water resistance and frost resistance of an injected concrete mixture in the underfloor cladding.

The specified technical result in terms of the method for repairing concrete cladding of hydraulic structures during operation according to the first embodiment is achieved by the fact that the known method of repairing concrete cladding involves filling with a hardening plastic composition by injecting the space between the cladding plates and the film screen laid under the ground above them according to the invention the space is first injected with water and moistened with it the lower plane of the plates, and then hardened plastic is injected composition comprising Portland cement, silica sand fractions of less than 0.14 mm, C-3 superplasticizer and water in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Portland cement 43.0-44.0 Quartz sand fractions less than 0.14 mm 33.5-33.7 Superplasticizer C-3 0.7-0.8 Water rest,

moreover, the filling of the underfloor space with a plastic composition is carried out under pressure, determined from the following relationship:

,

,

where P is the injection pressure of the plastic composition into the under-plate space, kPa;

0,098 - coefficient of proportionality;

k is the coefficient of dimension, kPa · cm ² / g;

γ _zhb - volumetric weight of reinforced concrete slabs, g / cm ³ ;

δ _o - thickness of reinforced concrete slabs, cm;

γ _ps is the bulk density of the plastic composition, g / cm ³ ;

Δ is the average gap between the reinforced concrete slab and the base, cm;

m is the laying of the slope.

The technical result in terms of the method for repairing concrete cladding of hydraulic structures during operation according to the second embodiment is achieved by the fact that the known method of repairing concrete cladding involves filling with a hardening plastic composition by injecting the space between the cladding plates and the film screen laid under the ground above them, according to the invention, in the underfloor space first they inject water and moisten the lower plane of the plates with it, and then the hardening plastic composition is injected, including yuchayuschy portland cement, silica sand fraction smaller than 0.14 mm, silica fume, fused with a specific surface area (15-25) x 10 ³ cm ² / g, superplasticizer C-3 and water in the following ratio, wt.%:

Portland cement 43.0-43.5 Quartz sand fractions less than 0.14 mm 28.8-29.0 Condensed silica fume with specific surface area (15-25) · 10 ³ cm ² / g 4.0-5.0 Superplasticizer C-3 0.7-0.8 Water rest,

moreover, the filling of the underfloor space with a plastic composition is carried out under pressure, determined from the following relationship:

,

,

where P is the injection pressure of the plastic composition into the under-plate space, kPa;

0,098 - coefficient of proportionality;

k is the coefficient of dimension, kPa · cm ² / g;

γ _zhb - volumetric weight of reinforced concrete slabs, g / cm ³ ;

δ _o - thickness of reinforced concrete slabs, cm;

γ _ps is the bulk density of the plastic composition, g / cm ³ ;

Δ is the average gap between the reinforced concrete slab and the base, cm;

m is the laying of the slope.

The technical result in terms of the method for repairing concrete cladding of hydraulic structures during operation according to the third embodiment is achieved by the fact that the known method of repairing concrete cladding involves filling with a hardening plastic composition by injecting the space between the cladding plates and the film screen laid under the ground above them, according to the invention, in the underfloor space water is first injected and moistened with the lower plane of the plates, and then a hardening plastic composition is injected into Luciano portland cement, silica sand fraction smaller than 0.14 mm, superplasticizer C-3, chrysotile asbestos, the grinding dust - waste production asbestos products and water in the following ratio, wt.%:

Portland cement 43.0-43.5 Quartz sand fractions less than 0.14 mm 31.6-31.8 Superplasticizer C-3 0.7-0.8 Asbestos chrysotile 0.6-1.6 Grinding dust - waste production of asbestos technical products 0.6-1.6 Water rest,

moreover, the filling of the underfloor space with a plastic composition is carried out under pressure, determined from the following relationship:

,

,

where P is the injection pressure of the plastic composition into the under-plate space, kPa;

0,098 - coefficient of proportionality;

k is the coefficient of dimension, kPa · cm ² / g;

γ _zhb - volumetric weight of reinforced concrete slabs, g / cm ³ ;

δ _o - thickness of reinforced concrete slabs, cm;

γ _ps is the bulk density of the plastic composition, g / cm ³ ;

Δ is the average gap between the reinforced concrete slab and the base, cm;

m is the laying of the slope.

The technical result in terms of the method for repairing concrete cladding of hydraulic structures during operation according to the fourth embodiment is achieved by the fact that the known method of repairing concrete cladding involves filling with a hardening plastic composition by injecting a space between the cladding plates and the film screen laid under the ground above the base, according to the invention, in a subfloor the space is first injected with water and moistened with it the lower plane of the plates, and then harden plastic is injected first composition comprising portland cement, silica sand fraction smaller than 0.14 mm, superplasticizer C-3, mineral powder for asphalt and organic-water mixtures and in the following ratio, wt.%:

Portland cement 43.0-43.5 Quartz sand fractions less than 0.14 mm 29.5-29.7 Superplasticizer C-3 0.7-0.8 Mineral powder for asphalt concrete and organomineral mixtures 4.0-5.0 Water rest,

moreover, the filling of the underfloor space with a plastic composition is carried out under pressure, determined from the following relationship:

,

,

where P is the injection pressure of the plastic composition into the under-plate space, kPa;

0,098 - coefficient of proportionality;

k is the coefficient of dimension, kPa · cm ² / g;

γ _zhb - volumetric weight of reinforced concrete slabs, g / cm ³ ;

δ _o - thickness of reinforced concrete slabs, cm;

γ _ps is the bulk density of the plastic composition, g / cm ³ ;

Δ is the average gap between the reinforced concrete slab and the base, cm;

m is the laying of the slope.

The technical result in terms of the method for repairing concrete cladding of hydraulic structures during operation according to the fifth embodiment is achieved by the fact that the known method for repairing concrete cladding involves filling with a hardening plastic composition by injecting a space between the cladding plates and a film screen laid under them over the base soil; according to the invention, the hardening plastic composition contains Portland cement, silica sand fraction less than 0.14 mm, superplasticizer C-3, brine leaching brine - sulfate-type bischofite with a density of 1.24-1.35 t / m ³ and water in the following ratio, wt. %:

Portland cement 43.0-43.5 Quartz sand fractions less than 0.14 mm 31.5-31.7 Superplasticizer C-3 0.7-0.8 Brine Leaching Brine - Bischofite sulfate type with a density of 1.24-1.35 t / m ³ 2.0-3.0 Water rest,

moreover, the filling of the underfloor space with a plastic composition is carried out under pressure, determined from the following relationship:

,

,

where P is the injection pressure of the plastic composition into the under-plate space, kPa;

0,098 - coefficient of proportionality;

k is the coefficient of dimension, kPa · cm ² / g;

γ _zhb - volumetric weight of reinforced concrete slabs, g / cm ³ ;

δ _o - thickness of reinforced concrete slabs, cm;

γ _ps is the bulk density of the plastic composition, g / cm ³ ;

Δ is the average gap between the reinforced concrete slab and the base, cm;

m is the laying of the slope.

Injection of water under the concrete cladding and moistening with it the lower plane of the plates in the first four variants of the proposed method eliminates the dehydration of the injected composition and maintains its plasticity during injection into the underfloor lining of hydraulic structures.

The fifth method of repairing concrete cladding of hydraulic structures during operation is used at low ambient temperatures of minus 5-10 ° C, which is achieved by introducing brine leaching brine - sulfate-type bischofite with a density of 1.24-1.35 t / m into the injecting composition ³ .

The analysis of the level of technology for repairing concrete facings by patent and scientific and technical sources of information and the identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed invention made it possible to establish that the applicants did not find analogues characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "novelty" under the current law. To verify the conformity of the claimed invention to the requirement of "inventive step", the applicants conducted an additional search for known solutions in order to identify features that match the distinctive features of the claimed invention from the closest analogues, the results of which show that the claimed invention does not follow explicitly from the prior art, since from the prior art determined by the applicants, the influence of the essential features of the claimed invented transformations to achieve a technical result.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the requirement of "inventive step" under applicable law.

For use as a binder in the hardening plasticizing and injectable composition of the claimed method for repairing concrete cladding (options), Portland cement according to GOST 10178-85 * and GOST 22266-94, having the mineralogical composition of clinker,% by weight:

- Alite C ₃ S (3CaO · SiO ₂ ) - 58-62;

- bleaches C ₂ S (2CaO · SiO ₂ ) - 10-20;

- tricalcium aluminate C ₃ A (3CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ ) - 5-12;

- other aluminates (up to C ₅ A ₃ ) - 0.5-0.7;

- aluminoferrites of variable composition from C ₄ AF (4CaO · Al ₂ O ₃ · Fe ₂ O ₃ ) to C8A ₃ F (8CaO ₃ · 3Al ₂ O ₃ · Fe ₂ O ₃ ).

These cements have a chemical composition,% by weight: CaO 60-72; SiO ₂ 20-25; Al ₂ O ₃ 3-10; Fe ₂ O ₃ 0.5-5.0; MgO 0.3-4.0; SO ₃ 0.1-2.0.

The specific gravity of 3.24-3.35 g / cm ³ (depending on the dispersion). Fineness: the number of grains more than 30 microns - 30-40%, the rest - less than 30 microns. The specific surface area (2.2-4.5) · 10 cm ² / g depends on grinding and dispersion.

Condensed silica fume of dry tempering molds - according to TU 5743-048-02495332-96. NIIZHB Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation. M. 1996 - a product of selection from bag or electric filters of fine particles of gas treatment systems for the production of silicon-containing alloys. It is delivered in three dispensing forms by brands: uncompressed (MK-85, MK-65), condensed (MKU-85, MKU-65), suspension (MKS-85), in which the figure indicates the minimum allowable amount of silicon dioxide SiO ₂ . According to physico-chemical indicators, it complies with the following standards:

- mass fraction of silica fume (in terms of dry product) - at least 90-97% (for suspensions 40%);

- mass fraction of silicon dioxide - not less than 65-85% (depending on brand);

- mass fraction of other products (total Na ₂ O, K ₂ O, CaO, SO ₃ ) - not more than 5.6%;

- specific surface is not less than 12 · 10 ³ cm ² / g;

- bulk density of dry forms - 150-250 kg / m ³ (uncompressed), 280-500 kg / m ³ (compacted);

- activity index - not less than 90-95%;

- the density of the aqueous suspension (paste) is not less than 1280 kg / m ³ ;

- pH of an aqueous suspension of 5% - not less than 7.

Packaging - in specialized containers or multilayer paper bags of the relevant specifications, delivery - by railroad cars or vehicles (suspension - in tanks or other steel containers).

They are used according to GOST 10178-85 * and the specified specifications for silica fume in the dry state or in the form of a paste with a mass concentration of 40-70%.

The main purpose is a highly active mineral filler for the preparation of high-grade concrete for strength, water resistance and corrosion resistance. The manufacturer is the Microsil LLP plant (Chelyabinsk).

Ground quartz sand according to TU 501-2-17-77 and GOST 9077-82 *. May have a specific surface area of up to (6.0-6.2) · 10 ³ cm ² / g. Density: specific - 2.62 t / m ³ , bulk - 0.93 t / m ³ . Chemical composition%: SiO ₂ - 96-98; Al ₂ O ₃ - 0.7-0.8; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 0.7-0.75; CaO - 0.5-0.55; MgO - 0.1-0.15; SO ₃ - 0.12-0.14; others - 0.06.

Quartz sand - according to GOST 8736-93 *, GOST 10268-80.

Chemical composition,%: SiO ₂ 65-95; Al ₂ O ₃ + Fe ₂ O ₃ 0.2-8;

Alkalis (in terms of Na ₂ O) - 0.5-4.1;

Sulfur and sulfate impurities (in terms of SO ₂ ) not more than 2.

Sand fractionation is carried out along the grain size boundaries of 0.14 mm and 1.25 mm.

Superplasticizer C-3 - according to TU 6-36-0204229-625-90 "Plasticizer S-3. Specifications ", NIIZHB Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation, M. 90 and in accordance with the" Recommendations for the use of joint ventures in the production of precast and monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete ". NIIZHB Gosstroy of the USSR, M. 1987. It is a chemical product of deep condensation of naphthalene formaldehyde compounds and sulfonic acids. An active plasticizing component also participating in the increase in density, strength, frost resistance and corrosion resistance is a mixture of oligomers and polymers of polymethylene polynaphthalene sulfonates (at least 69%); an impurity that worsens the plasticizing effect of C-3 and the above characteristics of concrete is the monomer of the sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonic acid (not more than 3.5-10.5%).

Use in the form of aqueous solutions of 20-40% concentration in an amount of 0.4-0.8 by weight of cement, calculated on the dry matter. The delivery forms in the form of a dry powder are preferably in soft containers or in the form of an aqueous solution of 20-40% concentration with a density of 1.09 to 1.2 g / cm ³ and a dry matter content of 0.22 to 0.48 kg / l of solution, respectively .

Mineral powder for asphalt concrete and organomineral mixtures according to GOST 52129-2003 - material obtained by grinding rocks or industrial solid waste. According to physico-chemical indicators, it complies with the following standards:

- grain composition, wt.%: smaller than 1.25 mm, not less than 100; smaller than 0.315 mm not less than 90; smaller than 0.071 from 70 to 80;

- porosity of not more than 35%;

- swelling no more than 2.5%;

- humidity not more than 1.0% (by weight);

- the content of sesquioxides (Al ₂ O3 + Fe ₂ O ₃ ) in rocks and industrial waste products used in the preparation of powders, not more than 1.7%, active CaO + MgO not more than 3%, water-soluble compounds not more than 6%.

Asbestos chrysotile 7 grades according to GOST 12871-93 *. The chemical composition approximately corresponds to the theoretical formula 3MgO · 2SiO · 2H ₂ O. So pl. 1450-1500 ° C, heat resistance (loss of constitutional water and strength) with long-term continuous heating of 500 ° C, with short-term heating of 700 ° C, alkali resistance is high, the content of soluble substances in 25% KOH when boiling for 4 hours ≤5%, acid resistance weak.

Before introduction into the concrete mixture, chrysotile asbestos is crushed in a knife mill of the PM-120 type to a particle size of not more than 0.2 mm.

Grinding dust TU-38.3146-78 - a waste product from the production of asbestos-technical products is obtained by grinding autoformed parts consisting of a mixture of vulcanized rubber, asbestos, barite, iron minium, alumina, cryptocrystalline graphite and others. Chemical composition, wt.%: Butadiene rubber 14.0 -16.3; iron oxide 1.2-11.6; magnesium oxide 4.0-19.7; zinc oxide 0.4-3.1; zinc dioxide 0.4-3.1; silica 4.0-5.5; sulfur 1.0-2.2; carbon black 15-23; acetone extract (solid residue) after evaporation of the acetone used in the manufacturing process of the production of molded parts, 1.4-2.6; Barium sulfate 16.0-59. Mass fraction of fraction <0.25 mm ≥95%,> 1 mm ≤1%. The bulk density of 0.4-0.6 g / cm ³ .

- 2700, ионов хлора Cl^-1 - 1200, взвешенных частиц - 200.Water according to GOST 2874-82 and GOST 23732-79. The maximum allowable content of impurities should not exceed, mg / l: soluble salts - 5000, ions

- 2700, chlorine ions Cl ^-1 - 1200, suspended particles - 200.

To implement the claimed method for repairing concrete lining according to the fifth embodiment at low ambient temperatures up to minus 5-10 ° C, brine leaching brine - sulfate-type bischofite with a density of 1.24-1.35 t / m ³ in the amount of 2 is used in the composition of the injected concrete mixture -3 wt.%.

The composition of the samples of the bischofite leach brine mined in the deposits of the Volgograd region in salt form is shown in Table 1. Table 2 shows the chemical analysis of samples of bischofite leaching brines in the Narimanov and Gorodischensk deposits of the Volgograd region. The content of macro- and microelements, bischofite, significantly changing the structure of concrete, is presented in Table 3. As a frost-resistant additive, magnesium chloride according to GOST 7759-73 * from the Karabagh brine can be used. Qualitative indicators of bischofite are given in table 4.

Table 1 The composition of the samples of brine leaching brine - bischofite, extracted in the fields of the Volgograd region in salt form, g / kg Component Name Chemical formula Field Narimanov Gorodishchenskoe Well No. 2 Well No. 4 Calcium bicarbonate Ca (HCO ₃ ) ₂ 0.65 0.15 0.15 Calcium Sulphate (Calcium Sulphate) CaSO ₄ 0.80 1.20 0.80 Magnesium Sulfate (Magnesium Sulfate) MgSO ₄ 1.10 - - Calcium chloride CaCl - 0.40 0.25 Magnesium bromide MgBr ₂ 3,50 4.10 4.00 Potassium chloride Kcl 1.10 2.75 3.40 Sodium Chloride NaCl 7.00 - - Magnesium chloride MgCl 267.20 325.30 315.60 Total: - 281.35 333.90 324,20

table 2 Analysis of samples of bischofite leach brine in deposits of the Volgograd region Component Name Chemical formula Field Narimanov Gorodishchenskoe Well No. 2 Well No. 4 Chlorine Cl 203.7 242.00 233.60 Iodine J Not found Not found Not found Sulphates SO ₄ 1,50 0.85 0.60 Hydrocarbonate Hco ₃ 0.50 0.10 0.10 Calcium Ca 0.40 0.50 0.40 Magnesium Mg 68.9 83.6 81.1 Potassium K 0.60 1.40 1.80 Sodium Na 2.7 Not found Not found Boron B 0.06 Not found Not found Strontium Sr 0.0036 0.0019 0.0015 Lithium Li Not found Not found Not found Bromine Br 3.05 3,50 3.40 Specific gravity, g / cm ³ 1.2444 1.3051 1.2948 Mineralization, g / l 281.35 331.95 321.00

Table 3 The content of macro- and micronutrients in bischofite brine (well No. 4, field - Gorodishchenskoye, Volgograd region) Name Chemical element The content of trace elements, g / kg Boron B 0.0020-0.0080 Calcium Ca 0.0030-0.0050 Bismuth Wi 0.0005-0.0010 Prayed Mo 0.0005-0.0010 Iron Fe 0.0030-0.0300 Aluminum Al 0.0010-0.0200 Titanium Ti 0.0005-0.0010 Copper Cu 0.0001-0.0030 Silicon Si 0.0020-0.2000 Barium Ba 0.0001-0.0006 Strontium Sr 0.0010-0.0200 Rhenium Re 0.0001-0.0020 Cesium Cs 0.0001-0.0010 Lithium Li 0.0001-0.0003

Table 4 Technical requirements for magnesium chloride technical (bishofit) Magnesium chlode technical (bishofit) Name of indicator Norms (tolerances) 1. Appearance Flakes from white to light gray with shades of yellow to light brown 2. The content of magnesium ions (Mg ⁺² ),%, in terms of MgCl ₂ · 6H ₂ O,%, not less 11.8 96 3. The content of calcium chloride in terms of CaO,%, no more 0.2 4 Content of sulfate ions (SO ₄ ^-2 )%, no more 1,1 5. The content of alkali metal ions Na ⁺ + K ⁺ ,%, not more than 1,0 6. Content of water insoluble residue,%, no more 0.2

Figure 1 shows a concrete cladding when injected into the under-water space of a cut; figure 2 is the same with the introduction of an injection solution.

Concrete cladding includes reinforced concrete slabs 1, holes 2 in the slabs. Figures 1 and 2 also illustrate a spray device 3, water 4, plastic film 5, a unit 6 (plaster station) for injecting water and injecting the injection composition 7 into the underfloor space.

The method (1-4 options) is as follows.

A fine cloud of water 4 is injected into the underfloor space through the openings 2 in the plates 1 using the spraying device 3, which moistens the inner surface of the reinforced concrete slabs 1. Then, the injection composition 7 is introduced into the same openings 2 by means of the injection pump 6 according to options 1-4 . The control of filling the underfloor space of the concrete lining is carried out at the exit of the injecting composition 7 from the holes 2 located uphill. The injection of the solution under the plate 1 should be carried out under the design pressure.

A fine cloud of water 4, injected under pressure through openings 2 into the underfloor space, moistens the lower surface of reinforced concrete slabs 1, as a result of which, during the subsequent technological operation of injection of the injecting composition 7, the composition is not dehydrated and its plasticity is not reduced, premature setting and clogging of the space between the plates and the base .

The method of repairing the concrete cladding according to the fifth embodiment is carried out similarly to the above described according to embodiments 1-4, with the exception of the operation of injecting water 4 into the underfloor space.

Table 5-6 shows the injectable compositions according to options 1-5 of the proposed method for repairing concrete cladding and the test results of their properties.

Table 5 Injectable formulations of the invention Components The content of components in the compositions of the examples, wt.%: one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 10 famous one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven 12 Portland cement 43.0 44.0 43.0 43.5 43.0 43.5 43.0 43.5 43.0 43.5 46.0 Quartz sand fractions less than 0.14 mm 33.5 33.7 28.8 29.0 31.6 31.8 29.5 29.7 31.5 31.8 - Condensed silica fume with a specific surface area of (15-25) · 10 ³ cm ² / g - - 4.0 5,0 - - - - - - - Superplasticizer C-3 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 - Mineral powder for asphalt concrete and organomineral mixtures - - - - - - 4.0 5,0 - - - Asbestos chrysotile - - - - 0.6 1,6 - - - - - Grinding dust - a waste of the production of asbestos technical products - - - - 0.6 1,6 - - - - - Brine leaching brine - sulfate-type bischofite with a density of 1.24-1.35 t / m ³ - - - - - - - - 2.0 3.0 - Fly ash (ash waste GRES) - - - - - - - - - - 23.0 Water 22.8 21.5 23.5 21.7 23.5 20.7 22.8 21.0 22.8 21.0 31,0

Table 6 Physico-mechanical and technological indicators of investing compositions according to the invention Examples Indicators for Examples Compression strength after 28 days according to GOST MPa Water resistance (B) according to GOST 12730.5-84 *, Frost resistance (F) according to GOST 10060.1-95, cycles Workability grade according to GOST 7473-94 Cone Draft (OK) Water-cement ratio (W / C) mark filtration coefficient, cm / s one 28.9 B12 2.8 · 10 ^-11 300 P5 22 0.53 2 32.1 B12 ^{2.510 -11} 300 P5 21 0.49 3 27.8 B12 1.5 · 10 ^-11 305 P5 23 0.546 four 31,2 B12 1 · 10 ^-11 307 P5 21 0.5 5 27.8 B12 1.8 · 10 ^-11 303 P5 23 0.546 6 33.3 B12 1.6 · 10 ^-11 304 P5 21 0.476 7 28.9 B12 2.310 ^-11 301 P5 22 0.53 8 32,7 B12 2 · 10 ^-11 302 P5 21 0.483 9 28.9 B12 1 · 10 ^-10 300 P5 28 0.53 10 32,7 B12 1 · 10 ^-10 300 P5 27 0.483 Famous 24.0 Below B2 5.53 · 10 ^-6 75 P4 16 0.685

From the data presented in tables 5-6 it follows that the injecting compositions according to the proposed method for repairing the concrete cladding of hydraulic structures during operation have higher strength, water resistance and frost resistance compared to the known injecting composition according to the prototype method. The consumption of cement for the preparation of injectable compositions according to the invention is reduced by 6-7% and the water-cement ratio (W / C) by 20-30% compared with the prototype. This eliminates the complicated technological operation of injecting an expensive composition of a water-repellent mixture into the underground space.

Injection of prepared plastic solutions (table 5) is carried out under pressure (P), determined from the following relationship:

,

,

where P is the injection pressure of the plastic composition into the under-plate space, kPa;

0,098 - coefficient of proportionality;

k is the coefficient of dimension, kPa · cm ² / g;

γ _zhb - volumetric weight of reinforced concrete slabs, g / cm ³ ;

δ _o - thickness of reinforced concrete slabs, cm;

γ _ps is the bulk density of the plastic composition, g / cm ³ ;

Δ is the average gap between the reinforced concrete slab and the base, cm;

m is the laying of the slope.

Example. Determine the injection pressure of a plastic composition, the bulk weight of which is γ _ps = 2.0 g / cm ³ , into the underfloor space of the cladding of reinforced concrete prefabricated slabs NPK 6 × 1.5 × 0.06 m. The thickness of the plates is δ _o = 6 cm, the volumetric weight of the plates is 2.5 g / cm ³ . The average gap between the reinforced concrete slab and the base is Δ = 2 cm. The slope is m = 3.

, получим

Substitute all the source data into the dependency

we get

Thus, the research results (see table 6, example) indicate that according to the invention, the specified technical result is achieved.

Claims (5)

1. A method of repairing a concrete cladding of hydraulic structures during operation, including filling a hardening plastic composition by injecting a space between the cladding plates and a film screen laid under them over a pound of base, characterized in that water is first injected into the subfloor and moisten the lower plane of the plates with it, and then a hardening plastic composition is injected, including Portland cement, silica sand fractions of less than 0.14 mm, C-3 superplasticizer and water, as follows ratio, wt.%:
Portland cement 43.0-44.0 Quartz sand fractions less than 0.14 mm 33.5-33.7 Superplasticizer S-3 0.7-0.8 Water Rest,
moreover, the filling of the underfloor space with a plastic composition is carried out under pressure, determined from the following relationship:

,
where P is the injection pressure of the plastic composition into the under-plate space, kPa;
0,098 - coefficient of proportionality;
k is the coefficient of dimension, kPa · cm ² / g;
γ _zhb - volumetric weight of reinforced concrete slabs, g / cm ³ ;
δ _o - thickness of reinforced concrete slabs, cm;
γ _ps is the bulk density of the plastic composition, g / cm ³ ;
Δ is the average gap between the reinforced concrete slab and the base, cm;
m is the laying of the slope. 2. A method for repairing concrete cladding of hydraulic structures during operation, including filling a hardening plastic composition by injecting a space between the cladding plates and a film screen laid under the base soil above them, characterized in that water is first injected into the subfloor and moisten the lower plane of the plates with it, and then a hardening plastic composition is injected, including Portland cement, quartz sand fraction less than 0.14 mm, fumed silica fume with specific nd surface (15-25) x 10 ³ cm ² / g, superplasticizer C-3 and water in the following ratio, wt.%:
Portland cement 43.0-43.5 Quartz sand fractions less than 0.14 mm 28.8-29.0 Condensed silica fume with specific surface area (15-25) · 10 ³ cm ² / g 4.0-5.0 Superplasticizer S-3 0.7-0.8 Water Rest,
moreover, the filling of the underfloor space with a plastic composition is carried out under pressure, determined from the following relationship:

,
where P is the injection pressure of the plastic composition into the under-plate space, kPa;
0,098 - coefficient of proportionality;
k is the coefficient of dimension, kPa · cm ² / g;
γ _zhb - volumetric weight of reinforced concrete slabs, g / cm ³ ;
δ _o - thickness of reinforced concrete slabs, cm;
γ _ps is the bulk density of the plastic composition, g / cm ³ ;
Δ is the average gap between the reinforced concrete slab and the base, cm;
m is the laying of the slope. 3. A method of repairing concrete cladding of hydraulic structures during operation, including filling a hardening plastic composition by injecting a space between the cladding plates and a film screen laid under the base soil above them, characterized in that water is first injected into the subfloor and moisten the lower plane of the plates with it, and then a hardening plastic composition is injected, including Portland cement, silica sand fractions of less than 0.14 mm, C-3 superplasticizer, reinforcing component ent - chrysotile asbestos, grinding dust - waste from the production of asbestos technical products and water in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Portland cement 43.0-43.5 Quartz sand fractions less than 0.14 mm 31.6-31.8 Superplasticizer S-3 0.7-0.8 Asbestos chrysotile 0.6-1.6 Grinding dust - waste production of asbestos technical products 0.6-1.6 Water Rest,
moreover, the filling of the underfloor space with a plastic composition is carried out under pressure, determined from the following relationship:

,
where P is the injection pressure of the plastic composition into the under-plate space, kPa;
0,098 - coefficient of proportionality;
k is the coefficient of dimension, kPa · cm ² / g;
γ _zhb - volumetric weight of reinforced concrete slabs, g / cm ³ ;
δ _o - thickness of reinforced concrete slabs, cm;
γ _ps is the bulk density of the plastic composition, g / cm ³ ;
Δ is the average gap between the reinforced concrete slab and the base, cm;
m is the laying of the slope. 4. A method of repairing concrete cladding of hydraulic structures during operation, including filling a hardening plastic composition by injecting a space between the cladding plates and a film screen laid under the base soil above them, characterized in that water is first injected into the subfloor and moisten the lower plane of the plates with it, and then a hardening plastic composition is injected, including Portland cement, silica sand fractions of less than 0.14 mm, superplasticizer C-3, mineral powder water for asphalt concrete and organomineral mixtures and water in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Portland cement 43.0-43.5 Quartz sand fractions less than 0.14 mm 29.5-29.7 Superplasticizer S-3 0.7-0.8 Mineral powder for asphalt concrete and organomineral mixtures 4.0-5.0 Water Rest,
moreover, the filling of the underfloor space with a plastic composition is carried out under pressure, determined from the following relationship:

,
where P is the injection pressure of the plastic composition into the under-plate space, kPa;
0,098 - coefficient of proportionality;
k is the coefficient of dimension, kPa · cm ² / g;
γ _zhb - volumetric weight of reinforced concrete slabs, g / cm ³ ;
δ _o - thickness of reinforced concrete slabs, cm;
γ _ps is the bulk density of the plastic composition, g / cm ³ ;
Δ is the average gap between the reinforced concrete slab and the base, cm;
m is the laying of the slope. 5. A method of repairing concrete cladding of hydraulic structures during operation, including filling a hardening plastic composition by injecting a space between the cladding plates and a film screen laid under the base soil above them, characterized in that the hardening plastic composition contains Portland cement, quartz sand fraction less than 0.14 mm, superplasticizer C-3, brine leaching brine - sulfate-type bischofite with a density of 1.24-1.35 t / m ³ and water in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Portland cement 43.0-43.5 Quartz sand fractions less than 0.14 mm 31.5-31.7 Superplasticizer S-3 0.7-0.8 Brine Leaching Brine - Bischofite sulfate type with a density of 1.24-1.35 t / m ³ 2.0-3.0 Water Rest,
moreover, the filling of the underfloor space with a plastic composition is carried out under pressure, determined from the following relationship:

,
where P is the injection pressure of the plastic composition into the under-plate space, kPa;
0,098 - coefficient of proportionality;
k is the coefficient of dimension, kPa · cm ² / g;
γ _zhb - volumetric weight of reinforced concrete slabs, g / cm ³ ;
δ _o - thickness of reinforced concrete slabs, cm;
γ _ps is the bulk density of the plastic composition, g / cm ³ ;
Δ is the average gap between the reinforced concrete slab and the base, cm;
m is the laying of the slope.

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