RU2413319C2 - Superconducting wire of "sheathed cable" type (conduit cable) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity. ^ SUBSTANCE: superconducting wire of "sheathed cable" type (conduit cable) for windings of magnetic systems, including windings of thermonuclear fusion plant of TOKAMAK type, and windings of energy accumulators "SPIN". Wire comprises superconducting core and metal sheath. Channels for coolant pumping are provided between inner surface of sheath and outer surface of superconducting core. Sheath may be arranged as combined with inner part in the form of all-metal seamless pipe of aluminium or its alloys, and external part is made of steel or titanium. Channels to pump coolant between superconducting cores and shell may be formed by making inner surface of aluminium pipe as shaped with ribs or ledges. Channels may be formed by arrangement of gasket in the form of spiral wound onto core between superconducting core and sheath. ^ EFFECT: invention makes it possible to develop absolutely tight system of coolant circulation with provision of increased density of flow due to selection of optimal ratio of areas of cross section of channels and area of wire and coefficient of fill with superconductor. ^ 8 dwg, 6 ex

Description

The present invention relates to electrical engineering, more specifically to cable products, in particular to superconducting cable products that can be used for windings of powerful superconducting magnetic systems, including for windings of magnetic systems of a thermonuclear fusion plant of the type “TOKOMAK”, for example, manufactured according to international ITER project, as well as for windings of magnetic systems of superconducting energy storage devices (SPIN) and reactive power stabilization devices in power networks.

Currently, various designs of superconducting wires are known. Low-temperature superconductors are available with a very wide variety of configurations, the basis of which is a single wire. This is usually a round wire with a diameter of about 1 mm. A large variety of configurations called a superconducting wire or cable (the English term - composite conductor) is made of it, mainly by twisting these single wires together. Superconducting wires with channels for pumping a refrigerant are known. Such designs provide an increase in the effective perimeter of the heat transfer of the wire to the refrigerant, improve heat transfer conditions, as well as reduce the filling volume of the refrigerant. Conducting wires with channels for pumping the refrigerant can work in refrigerated mode and a closed cycle [1].

Known design [2] with several channels for circulation of the refrigerant. The conductors are made in the form of coaxial copper tubes, the space between which is filled with copper-stabilized superconducting Nb-Ti and Nb-Ti-Ta alloys. The disadvantage of these designs is the high consumption of refrigerant per unit density of the transported current.

This drawback is eliminated in the known cable-in-sheath type wire (the English term CIC is “cable-in-conduit”) (FIG. 1) [3]. Magnets for tokomaks are made from it - Chinese (EAST), Korean (KSTAR), Indian (SST-1) and the international thermonuclear reactor under the ITER project. This wire contains a superconducting core in the form of several (usually six) strands. Each of the strands is a twist of elementary, copper-stabilized superconducting wires. The strand can be sealed, and also entwined with a thin narrow tape, preferably in increments of not less than the width of the tape, protecting the strand from loosening. The strands are twisted around a pipe or hollow flexible element, which is a spiral twisted from a metal tape (stainless steel). The core can be sealed (porosity 30-60%) and wrapped with a thin tape. In all superconducting cores, the principle of complete transposition is observed, i.e. the repeatability of the twist pattern with a certain period, which is necessary to reduce losses and increase the stability of magnets. This superconducting core is housed in a non-superconducting pipe made of stainless steel or titanium, which is the sheath of the wire.

Although this design of the wire is workable and provides the required electrophysical characteristics, superconducting properties and parameters of current transport to create a magnetic field of the desired configuration and strength, however, it has a significant drawback. This disadvantage lies in the fact that in the manufacture of a long wire of this design, specially developed modes of transverse welding of the sheath are required for connecting pipes, each of which is six meters long. In addition, special labor-intensive, responsible and expensive methods of control of each welding seam separately and of the entire welded shell as a whole are required, which determine the possible places of helium leakage. A significant drawback of this design is also the fact that during its manufacture, the installation (installation) operation of the superconducting core in the shell necessitates the use of a large production area necessary to accommodate the entire long source pipe.

Attempts to make such a cable-sheath (cable-conduit) wire by longitudinal welding of a sheath superimposed on a superconducting core have been repeatedly made by various manufacturers, but have not been successful. The best sample, about 300 meters long, made in Japan, contained three sections where helium was passed through the weld.

These disadvantages are eliminated in the known design [4], which is the prototype of the invention. This cable-sheath (cable-conduit) wire contains a twisted or transposed superconducting core placed on a hollow elastic member in the form of a spiral or in the form of a pipe with perforated holes and a metal sheath. The difference is that the shell is made combined (composite). The inner part of the shell is made of aluminum or an alloy based on it, and the outer part of the shell is made of steel or titanium. The wire can be made of circular cross-section or shaped in the form of a rectangle, square, etc. Basically, all this is necessary for HTSC wires, from which magnets are made. The disadvantage of this wire, still requiring a solution, is the insufficiently effective core cooling. This is especially true for the cooling of very long wires (up to tens of kilometers).

The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate these drawbacks of the cable-sheathed superconducting wire "(" cable-conduit "), improving its cooling.

This goal is achieved due to the fact that in the superconducting wire of the type “cable in the sheath” (“cable-conduit”), channels for pumping the refrigerant are made between the inner surface of the sheath and the outer surface of the superconducting core.

The goal is also achieved due to the fact that the inner part of the combined shell can be made in the form of an all-metal seamless pipe from aluminum or its alloys, and the channels for pumping the refrigerant between the superconducting core and the shell are formed by making the inner surface of the shaped aluminum pipe with ribs or protrusions. The goal is also achieved due to the fact that the channels for pumping the refrigerant between the superconducting core and the shell can be formed by placing between the superconducting core and the shell gaskets in the form of a spiral wound around the core.

The proposed wire design has an advantage over the prototype, which consists in improving the cooling conditions of the superconducting core. The presence of channels for pumping the refrigerant between the inner surface of the shell and the outer surface of the superconducting core provides improved thermal contact by increasing the surface of the core washed by the refrigerant. The cooling conditions are also improved due to the possibility of pumping the refrigerant in opposite directions in the channel formed between the shell and the core, and in the channel located in the center of the core. This provides higher reliability of the proposed wire during its operation.

The invention is illustrated in figure 1 ÷ 8. Figure 1 shows the cross sections and a General view of the main existing structures of the wire type "cable in the sheath" ("cable-conduit") [3]. Figure 1 shows: 1 - a flexible metal element in the form of a spiral (former); 2 - superconducting strands; 3 - additional channels for pumping the refrigerant; 4 - a thin metal tape, which is wrapped around a superconducting core; 5 - steel shell. Figure 2 shows a cross section of the proposed device, which is a superconducting wire of the type "cable in a sheath" ("cable-conduit") of circular cross section in a combined sheath, which shows: 6 - a flexible hollow stainless steel element in the form of a spiral; 7 - superconducting strand; 8 - a thin metal tape entwining a strand; 9 - part of a combined cylindrical shell of aluminum, the inner surface of which is made with ribs 10 forming a channel 11 for pumping a refrigerant; 12 - the outer part of the combined (composite) shell made of steel.

Figure 3 presents a cross-sectional diagram of a cable-conduit type superconducting wire with a circle section in a combined metal sheath, which shows: 13 - a strand twisted from superconducting wires; 14 - elastic hollow element in the form of a thin-walled pipe with perforated holes 15 in the pipe wall; 16 - channels for pumping refrigerant; 17 - the inner part of the combined shell of aluminum; 18 - the outer part of the shell is made of steel.

Figure 4 presents a longitudinal section through the sheath of a superconducting wire of the type “cable in a sheath” (“cable-conduit”) in a combined metal sheath, which shows: 19 - the outer part of the combined sheath made of steel; 20 - the inner part of the shell of aluminum; 21 - gasket wound in the form of a spiral on a superconducting core 22; 23 - strand of a superconducting core; 24 - channel for pumping a refrigerant; 25 - a flexible hollow element made of stainless steel in the form of a spiral (former).

Figure 5 shows the cross section of the wire and a longitudinal section through the sheath of a high-temperature superconducting wire of the type "cable in the sheath" ("cable-conduit"), where: 26 - channels for pumping the refrigerant; 27 - aluminum shell; 28 - HTSC tape superconducting core; 29 - alumina strip; 30 - former-spiral from an alumino-copper strip on which superconducting tapes are located.

Figure 6 presents the transposed HTSC wire type "cable in a sheath" ("cable-conduit"), containing a superconducting core 31, which is a monolithic structure, which is shown in enlarged view; 32 - aluminum sheath of the core; 33 - HTSC tapes located in the core; 34 - former, for placing transposed veins on it; 35 - outer part made of steel, combined shell; 36 - inner aluminum part of the combined wire sheath; 37 - ribs on the inner surface of the aluminum shell; 38 - channels for pumping a refrigerant between the shell and the transposed HTSC core.

Figure 7 shows a sample of a low-temperature transposed superconducting wire of the type "cable in the sheath" ("cable-conduit"). It contains: 39 - a hollow element in the form of a thin-walled pipe with perforated holes; 40 - transposed superconducting core; 41 - superconducting strand; 42 - fusible metal filler (solder); 43 - channels for pumping liquid helium between the superconducting core and the shell; 44 - ribs on the inner surface of the metal shell "; 45 - wire sheath.

On Fig presents a cross section of a separate low-temperature superconducting core for the transposed core: 46 - shell of aluminum or aluminum alloy; 47 - ribs on the inner surface of the aluminum shell; 48 - strands of a superconducting core; 49 - copper matrix of a multicore superconducting strand; 50 - fusible metal filler (solder); 51 - channel for pumping refrigerant.

Specific modifications of a superconducting cable-conduit type of the proposed design intended for windings of magnetic systems are presented below as examples.

Example 1

A superconducting wire of the type “cable in a sheath” (“cable-conduit”) of circular cross section. Figure 2 shows the cross section of the proposed device, which is a superconducting wire of the type "cable in the sheath" ("cable-conduit") for the windings of magnetic systems of thermonuclear fusion plants of the type TOKOMAK. The wire contains: a flexible hollow element made of stainless steel in the form of a spiral 6; superconducting strand 7; a thin metal tape 8 encircling a superconducting core of six strands 7; the inner part of the shell is made of aluminum 9. On the inner surface of the aluminum shell there are ribs 10. Between the superconducting core and the aluminum shell are channels 11 for pumping the refrigerant. The outer part of the combined (composite) shell 12 is made of steel. The proposed wire differs from the wire manufactured for the fusion installation developed by the international project ITER in that its shell is made combined with the inner part of aluminum and the outer part made of stainless steel. Between the superconducting core and the aluminum shell channels are made for pumping the refrigerant. The well-known wire design for a TOKOMAK-type fusion synthesis unit manufactured by the ITER international project contains only a steel sheath, and cooling is carried out by pumping a refrigerant through only one channel located in the center of the wire cross section.

The proposed wire has the following advantages over this known wire for windings of magnetic ITER systems. This is a complete elimination of the possibility of helium leakage through the welds of the shell, since the inner part of the combined (composite) shell is made of aluminum, is seamless and therefore helium does not penetrate the shell made of aluminum. In the manufacture of a long wire containing only a steel sheath, specially designed transverse welding modes of the sheath are required for connecting pipes, each of which is six meters long. At the same time, each welding seam and the entire sheath must be subjected to expensive special control to prevent helium leakage. The proposed wire eliminates the need to use special expensive methods for monitoring the leakage of helium through welds of the outer part of the shell made of steel.

The proposed wire in its manufacture does not necessitate the creation of special equipment requiring an extended, equal to the length of the wire production site for drawing the core into the shell. The proposed wire can be manufactured on existing and mastered equipment of cable plants: twisting machines, a hydraulic cable press for applying an aluminum sheath to cables (sometimes for cables of an aluminum sheath on paper insulation), equipment for applying a steel sheath to the cable by longitudinal welding due to high-frequency heating of the welded edges. The proposed wire allows to increase the construction length of the wire, the length of which is limited only by the capabilities of the receiving containers. In the manufacture of the known wire, which is the prototype, you need a production site, the length of which is not less than the length of the welded pipe, for example 1000 m, since the core is pulled into a sheath elongated along its entire length. These advantages can significantly reduce the cost of the wire, which is very expensive.

The proposed wire design has an advantage over the prototype, which consists in improving the cooling conditions of the superconducting core. The presence of channels for pumping the refrigerant between the inner surface of the shell and the outer surface of the superconducting core provides improved thermal contact by increasing the surface of the core washed by the refrigerant. The cooling conditions are also improved due to the possibility of pumping the refrigerant in opposite directions in the channel formed between the shell and the core, and in the channel located in the center of the core. This provides higher reliability of the proposed wire during its operation.

In addition, the imposition of an inner sheath of high-purity aluminum (99.995%), the production of which has been successfully mastered, can improve the stability of the wire. At the same time, its reliability also increases, since the electrical conductivity of this aluminum increases at a working temperature of the wire by a factor of 1000 compared to room temperature.

Example 2

A superconducting wire of the type “cable in a sheath” (“cable-conduit”) of circular cross section. Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional diagram of the proposed superconducting wire type "cable in the sheath" cable-conduit ", which has the shape of a circle. This wire contains a central flexible hollow element, which is a thin-walled metal pipe 14 with perforated holes 15. These holes 15 serve as channels for supplying liquid helium directly into the superconducting strands 13 for better cooling with liquid helium of each of the six strands wound around the hollow elastic element 14. Each of the six strands 13 is a twist of elementary, copper-stabilized superconducting wires. The strand can be sealed and entwined with a thin narrow tape, preferably in increments of not less than the width of the tape, protecting the strand from loosening and dissolving during the manufacturing process. The core can be compacted (porosity 30-60%) and also wrapped with a thin tape. The superconducting core is enclosed in a combination shell. The interior of this combination shell 17 is made of aluminum in the form of an all-metal seamless tube. Between the superconducting core and the inner surface of the aluminum shell 17 are made channels 16 for pumping a refrigerant - liquid helium. Channels 16 for pumping liquid helium between the superconducting core and the shell 17 are formed by performing the inner surface of the shaped aluminum shell with protrusions, which in this example have the shape of a triangle. The outer part of the combined shell 18 is made of titanium.

For welding the outer shell 18 of titanium, you can use a CO ₂ laser with a focal length of 0.2 mm, which allows for a high concentration of the energy beam over a very limited area of the welded pipe edges. This allows you to keep unchanged such characteristics of titanium as high corrosion resistance, good deformability in the cold state. The advantages of the proposed wire compared to the prototype are the same as in the previous example.

The wire works as follows. The use of a wire with a large cross-section of the conductive core and a correspondingly high current strength allows you to create large windings in powerful magnets. The cooling of the winding is carried out using forced circulation of helium inside the combined shell. The wire mainly works in superconducting magnetic systems. The wire is wound in the form of a winding of the desired configuration and used as windings of a superconducting electromagnet or windings of another cryoelectric device. The proposed wire design, in addition to increasing its reliability during operation, reduces operating costs.

Example 3

A superconducting wire of the “cable in sheath” type (“cable-conduit”) of circular cross-section. Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section only along the sheath of the proposed superconducting wire, and the superconducting core 23 and the flexible hollow stainless steel element in the form of a spiral (former) 25, placed in the combined shell, are shown not cut by a vertical plane. The superconducting core 23 is entwined with a thin metal tape 22, preferably in increments of not less than the width of the tape, which protects the core from loosening. The individual strands of the core can be sealed and also entwined with a thin narrow metal tape. The difference between this wire is that between the superconducting core 23 and the inner part of the aluminum shell 20, made in the form of a hollow cylinder, there are channels 24 for pumping liquid helium between the superconducting core 23 and this shell 20. The channels 24 are formed by placing between the superconducting core 23 and the sheath 20 of the gasket in the form of a spiral 21 wound on the core 23. The gasket can be made of insulating material, for example fluoroplastic, and can be made of metal, for example er, aluminum wire round or rectangular cross-section. The gasket can even be made of superconducting wire.

The outer part of the combined shell 19 is made of stainless steel.

The advantages of the proposed wire compared to the prototype are the same as in the previous example.

Example 4

High temperature superconducting cable-sheathed wire

Now the efforts of many countries are aimed at replacing aging equipment and networks in their energy systems. In the United States, for a functioning electric network in the territory of the State of New York, a 138 kV network includes an HTSC cable 610 m long from second-generation HTSC wires manufactured by AMSC. 2nd generation HTSC wires are a “sandwich” in which a thin (less than 3 micron) YBaCuO-based HTSC film is deposited on a sufficiently thick (from 50 to 120 μm) substrate.

The current density in such wires can be raised both by improving the properties of HTSC films, and by simply increasing their thickness.

The company (AMSC) announced the sale of a new three-layer superconducting HTSC second generation wire 4.4 mm wide (industry standard 344). The current-carrying element is a YBaCuO film deposited on a Ni-W alloy substrate through oxide buffer layers. YBaCuO film is silver plated. In turn, the entire conductor on both sides is covered with copper foil both for protective purposes and for ease of desoldering. It is recommended to solder with solders with a melting point less than 150 ° C. When soldering, only acid-free fluxes should be used.

A long-length high-temperature superconducting cable is made of such initial tapes at VNIIKP. The superconducting core of this cable is used in the proposed design of a high temperature superconducting wire of the “cable in sheath” type (“cable-conduit”). Figure 5 shows the cross-section of the wire and the longitudinal section through the sheath of a high-temperature superconducting wire of the type "cable in the sheath" ("cable-conduit"). The wire contains a high-temperature superconducting core formed by the placement of HTSC tapes 28 on the mold 30, which is a spiral of an aluminum-copper strip 29 of rectangular cross section. This superconducting core is housed in a shell. The aluminum shell 27, which is an all-metal seamless pipe, is made with a cylindrical outer surface and a shaped inner surface. Between the superconducting core 28 and the aluminum sheath 27 are channels 26 for pumping the refrigerant. Channels 26 for pumping a refrigerant between the superconducting core 28 and the shell 27 are formed by making the inner surface of the shaped aluminum shell, with protrusions, which in this example have the shape of a triangle. An insulating coating is applied to the outer surface of the shell.

A wire with a high current value may contain a combination sheath. The interior of the combination shell is similar to the shell presented in this example. The outer part is a thin-walled pipe made of stainless steel or titanium, by forming a strip around the inner part of the shell and longitudinal welding of its edges. In this design, an electrical insulating coating is applied to the outer part of the combination sheath.

The proposed design of a high temperature superconducting cable-in-jacket type wire provides improved cooling conditions. The presence of channels for pumping the refrigerant between the inner surface of the shell and the outer surface of the superconducting core provides improved thermal contact by increasing the surface of the core washed by the refrigerant. The cooling conditions are also improved due to the possibility of pumping the refrigerant in opposite directions in the channel formed between the shell and the core, and in the channel located in the center of the core. This provides higher reliability of the proposed wire during its operation. The proposed wire allows to increase the construction length of the wire, the length of which is limited only by the possibility of manufacturing the original superconducting tape of the required length. The proposed design of the wire increases the length of the wire, located between the pumping stations for pumping refrigerant, which reduces operating costs.

Example 5

High temperature superconducting transposed cable-in-sheath wire.

To create magnets for various purposes, transposed superconducting wires are used, in which the principle of full transposition is observed, i.e. the repeatability of the twist pattern of elementary conductors with a certain period, which is necessary to reduce losses and increase the stability of magnets based on low-temperature superconductors. Fundamentally, all this is necessary for HTSC magnets, especially for large magnets, we need conductors of large cross-section such as “cable in a sheath” (“cable-conduit”). Transposed wires understand how to make round conductors, and difficulties arise in the manufacture of them from the original thin ribbon conductors. In the multilayer composition - “VSTP-buffer-layer of HTSC-buffer layer ...” there is no translational symmetry and a uniform current distribution over the individual elements of the conductor, i.e. on separate tapes

Figure 6 presents the design of the proposed transposed HTSC wire type "cable in the sheath" ("cable-conduit"). The high-temperature superconducting transposed core contains twenty-seven high-temperature superconducting cores 31, each of which is a monolithic composite structure, which is shown separately in the figure (Fig.6) in an enlarged view. This monolithic composite core is multi-layered, containing from four to eight layers of 33 “HTSC tape-buffer” placed in a seamless shell 32 of rectangular cross section made of high-purity aluminum (99.995–99.5%). The walls of this shell are thicker than the total thickness of all layers of HTSC tapes and buffers. The high-temperature superconducting transposed core is formed by placing the transposed cores 31 on the mold 34, which is a metal rectangular spiral made of steel, copper or aluminum alloy. A high-temperature superconducting transposed core is housed in a composite shell. The inner part of the sheath 36 is an all-metal pipe made of aluminum or aluminum alloy. The outer surface of this all-metal aluminum sheath has a rectangular cross section. Between the outer surface of the transposed superconducting core and the inner surface of the aluminum shell are made channels 38 for pumping coolant through them. These channels 38 are formed by making the inner surface of the shaped aluminum pipe with protrusions or ribs 37. The outer part of the combined shell is a thin-walled pipe 35 made of stainless steel or titanium by forming a strip around the perimeter of the outer surface of the aluminum inner part of the shell and longitudinal welding it edges.

The advantage of the proposed design is that it allows you to create a completely tight system of circulation of the refrigerant while ensuring an increase in current density due to the choice of the ratio of the area of the channels and the area of the wire and the fill factor of the superconductor. The creation of additional channels for pumping the refrigerant creates more favorable conditions for ensuring stability due to more efficient and favorable cooling conditions when pumping the refrigerant. In this case, it is possible to pump and circulate the refrigerant in opposite directions.

Example 6

In low-temperature superconducting windings generating a time-varying magnetic field, transposed wires made by single-strand twisting with subsequent molding to a rectangular profile are most often used. In terms of design, cooled masses, thermal loads, and cooling conditions, superconducting devices are very different from each other, for example, the superconducting magnets of the Tokomak-15 thermonuclear installation had a mass of about 250,000 kg.

They used a superconductor based on Nb ₃ Sn, consisting of a twist of 11 wires with a diameter of 1.5 mm. Other twisting options of a rectangular section are possible. Based on such a superconducting core enclosed inside a massive aluminum matrix, magnets of ATLAS detectors at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are made. The variety of magnetic superconducting devices determines the variety of designs of superconducting wires and their cooling systems. Maintaining a constant temperature during operation is very important.

For some devices, transposed low temperature wires in a metal sheath may be of interest. 7 shows a sample of a low-temperature transposed superconducting wire of the type “cable in a sheath” (“cable-conduit”). It contains a 39 - hollow element in the form of a thin-walled pipe with perforated holes. A transposed superconducting core 40 is placed on this hollow element 39, which is a wire with a conductive core of strands 41, the relative position of which periodically changes. The superconducting strand 41 consists of individual stranded, multi-fiber superconducting wires twisted together. The inter-strand space is filled with a fusible metal filler (solder) - 42. The transposed superconducting core 40 is placed in an all-metal shell 45 made of aluminum or aluminum alloy. Between the inner surface of the shell 45 and the outer surface of the superconducting core 40 are channels 43 for pumping liquid helium between the superconducting core and the shell. These channels 43 are formed by making the inner surface of the shaped aluminum shell with protrusions or ribs 44. It is possible to pump liquid helium through these channels 43 in the direction opposite to its pumping in the channel located in the center of the core in a thin-walled pipe 39 with perforated holes. This provides higher reliability of the proposed wire during its operation.

If it is necessary to increase the strength of the wire, the sheath 45 can be combined with the outer part of the combined sheath, which is a thin-walled pipe made of stainless steel or titanium, by forming a strip along the perimeter of the outer surface of the aluminum inner part of the sheath and longitudinal welding of its edges.

The wire works as follows. The wire is used as a winding of the desired configuration for superconducting electromagnets or windings of other cryoelectric devices. The cooling of the winding is carried out using forced circulation of helium inside the shell. The proposed design of the wire increases its reliability during operation.

On Fig presents a cross section of a single low-temperature superconducting core for the transposed core. The outer minimum diameter of this core is due to the achieved ability of the existing technology for applying an all-metal shell by crimping aluminum with a core. Each such core can serve for the manufacture of a transposed core containing an odd number of these veins from nine to nineteen. Each of these cores is a cable-sheathed (cable-conduit) type of wire construction, containing an all-metal sheath 46 with ribs on its inner surface - 47. The superconducting core of the wire is a twist of seven separate strands 48 in the form of multi-strand, multi-fiber superconductors located in a copper matrix - 49. The inter-strand gaps of these individual strands 48 are filled with fusible metal or alloy (solder) - 50. Between the outer surface of the superconducting core and the inner s surface aluminum shell has channels 51 thereon for pumping liquid helium. These channels 51 are formed due to the execution of the inner surface of the shaped aluminum pipe with ribs 47. When using such cores in a transposed cable-sheathed cable (cable-conduit) type, instead of strands 41 (Fig. 7), better cooling conditions are achieved that provide higher reliability during operation.

Information sources

1. W.C. Hamilton Manufacture of a 16000 AMP superconducting conductor for the Tocomak Toroidal field coil. Large Coil program. “Proc 9 Symp. Eng. Prohl. Fusion Researh // IEEE Pub. No. 81 CH 1716-2. p. 324 ÷ 327.

2. G.G. Svalov, D.I. White. Superconducting and cryoresistive winding wires. - M .: Energy, 1974, pp. 108-109.

3. Advertising booklet VNIIKP "Superconducting wires in a metal sheath."

4. Application for invention RU 2006113615. Bull. No.30, 2007

Claims (1)

A “cable-sheathed” type superconducting wire (conduit cable) comprising a superconducting core, a metal sheath, and hollow channels for pumping refrigerant, including channels formed by placing a gasket wound around the core in a spiral shape over the core, characterized in that when the shell is made in the form of an all-metal seamless pipe of aluminum or its alloys or a combined shell with an outer part of steel and an inner part of aluminum or its alloys, The channels for pumping the refrigerant between the core and the sheath are formed by making the inner surface of the shaped aluminum pipe with ribs or protrusions the length of the entire length of the long wire, and when the channels are made by laying in a spiral wound, the gasket is made of metal, superconductor or electrical insulation material, in this case, when the core is made of transposed superconducting elements, and the gaskets are made of superconductor or hyperconductor, the winding of the spiral has the opposite Noe transposed winding direction of the core elements.

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