RU2411099C1 - Embracing spinning device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metal forming, particularly, to burnishing hollow articles. Billet is rotated about its axis while spinning device is fed in lengthwise direction. Proposed spinning device comprises spinning tool fitted on axle in holder and consisting of plate-like body accommodating two working rolls running on axles in antifriction bearings and one tensioning roll. Periphery of sais rolls has groove to support ring-like spinning element made from round metal wire with high spring properties. Note here that force is transmitted to the billet by two working rolls and section of spinning ring arranged between working rolls to partially embrace the billet. Note also that support on one working roll is fixed in aforesaid body while that on another roll is arranged to allow adjustment of embrace angle.

EFFECT: expanded process performances, higher quality and efficiency.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, in particular, to a tool for forming a relief on hollow thin-walled products, as well as for rotational drawing of shells and pressure processing.

A known design of a tool for running thin-walled hollow products containing a roller made in the form of disks located on the axis of the roller holder, while the disk is rigidly fixed to the axis by bolts and mounted with the possibility of adjusting axial movement [1]. Disks are interconnected by a key. A pressure member made of a polymer material is placed concentrically to the axis between the disks.

The known tool design has significant drawbacks: narrow technological capabilities, low quality of processed products, low productivity, short life of the pressing tool due to the rapid wear of the working surface and a small range of regulation of the stiffness of the polymer pressing material.

Known designs of pressure rollers, the nature of the processing process which depends on the radius of rounding and the width of the girdle [2]. However, the disadvantage of the known pressure rollers is the difficulty of restoring the shape as a result of wear, since for this it is necessary to grind all external surfaces with a change in the grinding radii to maintain the mating radius. At the same time, adjustments are required in the technological modes. In addition, the disadvantage is their small contact surface interacting with the part, which does not provide a high roughness of the finish of the processed surface, which results in low surface quality and requires a large number of technological transitions, which sharply reduces productivity.

The objective of the invention is to expand technological capabilities, increase the contact surface that interacts with the workpiece and provides a high roughness of the finish of the processed surface, which determines the high surface quality and does not require a large number of technological transitions, which dramatically increases productivity, improves deformation conditions and metal flow, as well as reduces the likelihood expansion, expansion of metal and the occurrence of scoring on the treated surface, increasing resistance of winepress tool.

The problem is solved with the help of the proposed pressure covering device for rolling hollow products, containing a pressing tool installed in the holder by means of an axis, consisting of a housing in the form of a plate, where two working rollers and one tension roller are installed on the axes on the rolling bearings, on the periphery of which a groove is made, bearing pressure member in the form of a ring made of metal wire of circular cross section and having spring properties, so that the pressure on the workpiece is Reda two working rollers and davilnjami ring portion disposed between the working rollers, partially covering the preform with coverage angle α, wherein the support of one work roller is mounted fixedly in the casing, and the other - with the possibility of adjusting the detection angle α.

The essence of the design of the proposed pressure covering device and its operation is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the pressure smoothing treatment of a hollow thin-walled workpiece with a cylindrical surface mounted on a mandrel proposed by the pressure covering device, a partial longitudinal section along BB in figure 2; figure 2 - the proposed pressure covering device, a partial cross section along aa in figure 1.

The proposed crushing covering device is used to break in and smooth thin-walled hollow products with a cylindrical, conical and complex generatrix. The pressure device comprises a pressure tool installed in the holder 1 by means of the axis 2, which consists of a plate 3 made in the form of a plate, and mounted on the axles 4, 5 and 6 on the rolling bearings 7, two working rollers 8, 9 and one tension 10. A groove is made in the periphery of the rollers, in which there is a pressure element 11 in the form of a ring made of a metal wire of circular cross section and having spring properties.

The pressure force on the workpiece 12 is transmitted by two working rollers 8, 9 and a section of the pressure ring 11 located between the working rollers, partially covering the workpiece with a coverage angle α.

The support axis 4 of the working roller 8 is mounted in the housing 3 motionless. The support of the axis 5 of the working roller 9 is mounted in the housing 3 with the possibility of adjusting the angle of coverage α and allows you to zoom in or remove the working rollers from each other. The support of the axis 6 of the tension roller 10 is mounted in the housing 3 with the ability to move and tension the pressure element - the ring 11 - and allows you to zoom in or remove the tension roller relative to the working rollers.

Axes 4, 5 and 6 are pressed into the openings of the rollers 8, 9 and 10, respectively, and are mounted in the housing 3 on bearings 7 with the possibility of independent free rotation transmitted to the pressing element 11 from the rotating workpiece 12 at a speed V ₃ due to friction forces.

The proposed pressure covering device operates as follows. The assembled pressure device, depending on the material being processed, is adjusted and adjusted to a predetermined angle of coverage α by removing or approximating the roller 9 relative to the working roller 8, then the tension of the pressure element - ring 11 is adjusted by removing the tension roller 10 relative to the working rollers 8 and 9.

Ready for use, the device is run-in and smoothing the workpiece 12, worn and fixed on the mandrel 13, two working rollers 8, 9 through the pressure element - ring 11.

Before processing, the female device is set to a certain depth of rolling in and smoothing by lateral movement of it manually. Run-in and smoothing of the cylindrical surface is carried out during rotation of the workpiece with a speed of V _Z , while the device is given a longitudinal feed S _PR (see figure 1). This is done, for example, on a lathe manually or according to a program on a CNC machine.

The proposed pressing female tool is made of steel spring wire of class 1, high accuracy, for example, with a diameter of 2 ... 10 mm from steel 65G (GOST 14959-79) according to GOST 9389-75.

To obtain a high class of roughness on the deforming element 11, a calibrating cylindrical band with a width of K = 1.5 ... 3 mm is provided. With a large section K, the deformation forces increase significantly.

The longitudinal feed when ironing is determined by the formula

S _PR = (0.2 ... 0.5) K,

where K is the width of the cylindrical girdle on the deforming element.

When applying S _PR = (0.2 ... 0.3) K, the roughness of the treated surface is achieved from Ra = 40 μm to Ra = 1.25 μm.

As a result of rolling in and smoothing, the proposed tool improves the roughness by one class, the force of pressing the tool to the workpiece’s surface is 200 ... 300 N per 10 mm of the length of the working surface of the tool.

The proposed pressing covering tool is used on powerful pressing machines operating by the method of reverse rotation drawing of thick-walled workpieces. The radius R of the pressing element - the wire - depends on the thickness t _{o of the} ironed shell and is taken equal to R = (1 ... l, 5) t _o .

The diameters of the rollers are taken from design considerations. With an increase in the diameter of the roller, deforming forces and bending moments acting on the support of the machine increase. It is necessary to strive to use rollers of the same diameter for each machine. This is especially important for CNC machines.

The surface microrelief formed as a result of rolling in and smoothing is determined by the following main factors: the kinematics of the process (the direction of mutual movement of the tool and the workpiece being machined); initial roughness; shape and size of the initial part and the rolling tool; feed rate; plastic flow of metal, causing the appearance of secondary roughness; roughness of the working part of the tool; the value of the elastic recovery of the surface after smoothing; vibration of the technological system machine-tool-tool-workpiece.

When rolling in and ironing parts made of steel, brass and aluminum alloys, good results are obtained when industrial oil I-20A or sulfofresol is used as a lubricant.

When rolling and smoothing the proposed covering device on the work surface, the probability of the appearance of longitudinal and transverse undulations due to an increase in the contact area has sharply decreased, while the fluctuations of the technological system are minimized due to the elasticity of the deforming element.

In traditional machining at high speeds, intense vibrations begin, leading to a sharp deterioration in the surface being machined.

The forced vibrations caused by the beating of the machine spindle, the beating of the workpiece, the waviness, etc., are damped by the proposed deforming covering tool, however, self-oscillations due to phenomena inherent in the processing process itself may occur.

When running the shells, the maximum speed is selected within 60 ... 130 m / min, taking into account the power of the machine and the vibration resistance of the technological system.

The use of the proposed pressure-covering device allows you to expand the technological capabilities of rolling in and smoothing by covering the workpiece with the deforming tool and the elasticity of the pressure element, to improve the quality and productivity of processing, to improve the deformation conditions and metal flow, to reduce the likelihood of expansion, expansion of metal and the occurrence of scoring on the treated surface, and also predict surface roughness and quality ; increase the wear resistance of the pressing material.

Information sources

1. USSR Copyright Certificate, No. 1558534, MKI B21D 22/16. Zubarev V.V., Khmelev S.V., Gladkikh A.A. Other tools for running thin-walled hollow products. Application 4443728 / 25-27, 06/20/88; 04/23/90. Bull. No. 15.

2. Mogilny N.I. Rotary hood of shell parts on machines. M .: Engineering, 1983, p. 147, Fig. 9.6.

Claims (1)

A female press tool for rolling in hollow articles, comprising a press tool installed in the holder by means of an axis, characterized in that the press tool consists of a plate-shaped housing in which two working rollers and one tension roller are mounted on the axles on the rolling bearings, on the periphery of which a groove is made carrying a pressure element in the form of a ring made of round metal wire and having springing properties, while the pressure on the workpiece is transmitted by two work of the rollers and the ring portion juicer located between working rollers with a partial coverage of the blank with a coverage angle α, wherein the support of one work roller is mounted fixedly in the casing, and the other - with the possibility of adjusting the detection angle α.

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