RU2409881C2 - Glase-ice accretion signalling device (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: glase-ice accretion signalling device includes transmitting device, housing made in the form of coupling from conducting thermal diamagnetic material, which is put on line conductor, n ferromagnetic clamp-shaped plates rigidly fixed on the housing at design distance from each other and with rotation through an angle of 360°/n, microphones, power supply, connection wires by means of which microphones and transmitting device is connected to power supply. At that, ferromagnetic clamp-shaped plates have inserts from soft magnetic material with lower saturation induction. As per the second version, glase-ice accretion signalling device includes transmitting device and n ferromagnetic clamp-shaped plates; on each plate there is additional measuring winding.

EFFECT: improving signalling reliability and enlarging functional capabilities.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the electric power industry and can be used to register the formation of ice deposits on the wires of high-voltage overhead power lines.

Known contact indicators of ice, reacting to an increase in the weight of the wires due to the additional load from the ice. However, they have design flaws and an unreliable information transmission system [Fighting ice in electric grid enterprises. Manual on the organization of the fight against ice. P.M. Rudakova, I.V. Vavilova, I.E. Golubkov; AO Bashkirenergo, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Ufa, 1995. 97 pp., ISBN 5-86911-095-5].

Contactless icing sensors are also known [Combating icing in electric grid enterprises. Manual on the organization of the fight against ice. P.M. Rudakova, I.V. Vavilova, I.E. Golubkov. AO Bashkirenergo, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Ufa, 1995. 97 pp., ISBN 5-869P-095-5], based on a change in the magnetic properties of the materials used in the sensor under the action of tensile forces. They use a magnetoelastic transducer. It is a package of transformer steel with primary and secondary windings located relative to each other at an angle of 90 ° and relative to the axis of application of mechanical forces at an angle of 45 °. The sensor is placed in a cylindrical moisture-proof casing and is installed between the traverse and a string of insulators. The advantage of the sensors is the absence of suspended parts and a linear dependence of the output voltage on the applied load.

A significant drawback of the sensors described above is the need to dismantle the insulator string when installing and replacing the sensor.

A device is also known to control the end of melting ice [and.with. USSR No. 1035708, MKI3 H2G 07/16, 1983], which contains an induction sensor located under the wires of the line, an aperiodic oscillation filter, a comparison element connected in parallel to the output of the induction sensor, and a logic element And connected to the outputs of the comparison element and aperiodic filter vibration transmitting device.

The disadvantages of this device are the need for high sensitivity of elements that register a magnetic field, and the dependence on such parameters as the magnitude of the current in the wires, the height of the span, the temperature of the wire.

Closest to the invention is a device for monitoring the end of smelting ice [RF patent No. 2219634, MKI7 H2O 07/16, 2003]. The device comprises a transmitting device, a housing in the form of a sleeve of heat-conducting diamagnetic material, worn on a linear wire, n ferromagnetic clamp-shaped plates rigidly mounted on the housing at a calculated distance from each other and rotated through an angle of 360 ° / n, microphones,

a power source, connecting wires by which microphones and a transmitting device are connected to a power source.

The disadvantage of this device is the dependence on the magnitude of the current in the power line. This can lead to a decrease in the reliability of the alarm, since a decrease in current and deposition of ice can have the same effect on the recorded signal of the onset of icing.

The objective of the invention is to improve the reliability of signaling and expand the functionality due to the insertion of soft magnetic material with less saturation induction and a measuring winding on a ferromagnetic clamp-like plate.

In the first embodiment, the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the ice detector containing a microphone, a transmitting device and n ferromagnetic clamp-like plates, in contrast to the prototype, the ferromagnetic clamp-like plates are made with inserts of a soft magnetic material with less saturation induction, or from the same material of lesser section of the insert.

In the second embodiment, the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the ice detector containing a transmitting device and n ferromagnetic clamp-like plates, in contrast to the prototype, a measuring winding is located on the ferromagnetic clamp-like plate.

In addition, in the second embodiment, the technical result is achieved in that in the ice detector, unlike the prototype, ferromagnetic clamp-like plates are made with inserts of soft magnetic material with less saturation induction.

The essence of the device is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows the location of the icing device, figure 2 shows the ferromagnetic clamp-like plates with inserts of soft magnetic material with less saturation induction, figure 3 shows the location of the measuring winding on the ferromagnetic clamp-like plate.

The ice sediment detector contains: a housing 1 in the form of a sleeve of heat-conducting diamagnetic material (Fig. 1), worn on a wire 2, n of ferromagnetic clamp plates 3, rigidly fixed to the housing 1 at a distance L from each other and rotated through an angle of 360 ° / n

microphones 4, a transmitting device 5, a power source 6, connecting wires 7, with which microphones 4 and a transmitting device 5 are connected to a power source 6.

In the first embodiment, ferromagnetic clamp-like plates 3 are made with magnetic inserts 8 from a soft magnetic material with less saturation induction, compared with the material of the plates themselves (figa), or from the same material of a smaller section of the insert (fig.2b). These inserts are located at the base of the yoke plates.

Signaling ice deposits according to the first embodiment works as follows. In the absence of ice deposits, an alternating current in a linear wire 2 creates an alternating magnetic field of the same frequency in the ferromagnetic plates. The resulting magnetic forces with double frequency attract the elastic, parallel, ends of the plates 3 to each other. At an industrial frequency, for example 50 Hz, the movement of the ends of the plates 3 creates air vibrations in the sound range, perceived by the human ear. The sound signal, the strength of which is determined by the amplitude of the vibrations of the plates 3, is converted by the microphones 4 into an electromagnetic signal. The signal is transmitted by the transmitter 5 and recorded by the receiver.

The vibration amplitude of the plates 3 is determined by the magnitude of the electromagnetic force, which depends on the magnitude of the current load in the linear wire 2. However, in the presence of an easily saturated magnetic insert with increasing current in the wire, the magnetic resistance of the insert increases, and the magnetic flux and electromagnetic forces remain almost unchanged. With a decrease in current, on the contrary, the magnetic resistance of the insert decreases, which again leads to maintaining the magnetic flux constant. Thus, the signal recorded by the receiver will practically not depend on the magnitude of the current in the wires.

When ice is deposited on the surface of the sensor, the amplitude of the oscillations of the ends of the plates 3 decreases, the sound power and, accordingly, the power of the emitted signal for a given current load decrease, which makes it possible to determine the presence of deposits.

In the second version of the ice accumulator, a measuring winding 9 is located on a ferromagnetic clamp-shaped plate (Fig. 3a).

In this embodiment, the ice accumulator is as follows. In the absence of ice deposits, an alternating current in a linear wire 2 creates an alternating magnetic field of the same frequency in the ferromagnetic plates. The resulting magnetic forces with double frequency attract the elastic parallel ends of the plates 3 to each other. At an industrial frequency, for example 50 Hz, the movement of the ends of the plates 3 occurs with a doubled frequency of the network (100 Hz). Thus, the magnetic flux will contain, in addition to the main harmonic, a double-frequency harmonic. Therefore, the EMF in the measuring winding will also have two harmonics. The fundamental frequency of the EMF is not related to plate vibrations, and dual frequency vibrations are related to plate vibrations. The values of these EMFs at a given current load are quite definite, and also increase with increasing current. The electrical signal from the measuring winding 9 is transmitted by the transmitter 5 and is recorded by the receiver.

When ice is deposited on the surface of the sensor, the amplitude of oscillation of the ends of the plates 3 decreases, therefore, the amplitude of the second-harmonic emf decreases, the value of which allows you to determine the presence of deposits.

In addition, in the second embodiment, the ferromagnetic clamp-like plates 3 are made with magnetic inserts 8 of soft magnetic material with less saturation induction compared to the material of the plates of the ferromagnetic material themselves (Fig.3b).

In this embodiment, the ice accumulator is as follows. In the absence of ice deposits, an alternating current in a linear wire 2 creates an alternating magnetic field of the same frequency in the ferromagnetic plates. The resulting magnetic forces with double frequency attract the elastic parallel ends of the plates 3 to each other. At an industrial frequency, for example 50 Hz, the movement of the ends of the plates 3 occurs with a doubled frequency of the network (100 Hz). Thus, the magnetic flux will contain, in addition to the main harmonic, a double-frequency harmonic. In the measuring winding, therefore, the EMF will also have two harmonics. The fundamental frequency of the EMF is not related to plate vibrations, and dual frequency vibrations are related to plate vibrations. The electrical signal from the measuring winding 9 is transmitted by the transmitter 5 and is recorded by the receiver.

The values of these EMFs at a given current load have a definite value, and also increase with increasing current. The vibration amplitude of the plates 3 is determined by the magnitude of the electromagnetic force, which depends on the magnitude of the current load in the linear wire 2. However, in the presence of an easily saturated magnetic insert with increasing current in the wire, the magnetic resistance of the insert increases, and the magnetic flux and electromagnetic forces remain almost unchanged. With a decrease in current, on the contrary, the magnetic resistance of the insert decreases, which again leads to maintaining the magnetic flux constant. Thus, the signal recorded by the receiver will practically not depend on the magnitude of the current in the wires.

When ice is deposited on the surface of the sensor, the amplitude of oscillation of the ends of the plates 3 decreases, therefore, the amplitude of the second-harmonic emf decreases, the value of which allows you to determine the presence of ice deposits.

The inventive signaling device of icy deposits allows improving the reliability of signaling and expanding the functionality by eliminating the dependence of the output signal on the current strength in the wire due to the insertion of soft magnetic material with less saturation induction and a measuring winding on each ferromagnetic clamp plate.

Claims (3)

1. The signal device of ice deposits, containing a microphone, a transmitting device and n ferromagnetic clamp-like plates, characterized in that the ferromagnetic clamp-like plates are made with soft magnetic inserts with less saturation induction. 2. An icing device comprising a transmitting device and n ferromagnetic clamp-like plates, characterized in that an additional measuring coil is additionally present on each ferromagnetic clamp-like plate. 3. The ice accumulator according to claim 2, characterized in that the ferromagnetic clamp-like plates are made with inserts of soft magnetic material with less saturation induction.

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