RU2408813C2 - Relief valve - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: relief valve for reservoirs consists of hollow case with valves of pressure and vacuum and connecting flanges and of contact weight-exchange device installed inside case. The weight exchange device is equipped with a disk and is sprinkled by means of a circular collector mounted on top of it. The collector is coupled with a pipeline for cooled oil product supply. The disk is installed in a middle part of the case. In the lower part of the case there is installed a ring coaxially to the branch of steam-(gas)-air mixture inlet. An upper edge of the ring is positioned over the lower edge of the weight exchange device at a value eliminating slippage of steam (gas) over a layer of liquid accumulated in the lower part of the case.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of relief valve operation and reduced losses of oil products.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of oil refinery equipment, namely, the construction of breathing valves and can be used on tanks with a rigid, fixed roof to reduce emissions of hydrocarbon vapors (gases) into the atmosphere.

Known breathing valve located on the roof of the tank for storing petroleum products and containing a housing with pressure and vacuum valves located in it and installed inside the tank under the breathing pipe, a disk reflector [Auth. testimonial. No. 1013363 (USSR), cl. B63D 90/38. Respiratory valve, 1981].

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of separation of vapors (gases) of hydrocarbons from air when filling the tank with oil products.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a breathing valve for tanks, which includes a hollow body with connecting flanges and pressure and vacuum valves and a contact device located inside it and made in the form of a volumetric mesh twisted into a ring, over which an annular manifold is mounted for supply to her irrigation [ed. testimonial. No. 1813955 (USSR), class F16K 17/19; B63D 90/38. Respiratory valve, BI No. 17, 1993].

Such a constructive implementation of the breathing valve has greatly simplified its installation, operation and repair. However, operational efficiency increased slightly. When the tank is filled with oil, it creates increased pressure due to the fact that the pressure valve is delayed and only under some excess pressure. The vapor (gas) air flow enters from the reservoir into the body of the breathing valve, where it is rotated 90 ° with the help of a disk mounted in the lower part of the contact mass transfer device and, moving horizontally, it blows out a thin layer of liquid that accumulates in the lower part of the valve body. This leads to the fact that the vapor (gas) air flow passes under the contact mass transfer device without sufficient interaction with the irrigation fluid and is not completely cleaned of oil vapors (gases).

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the respiratory valve, reduce losses of petroleum products by increasing the path and time of interaction coming out of the reservoir of steam (gas) flows with the irrigation fluid and eliminating the likelihood of a breakthrough (passage) under the contact mass transfer device without interacting with the irrigation fluid, when filling the tank with oil products.

This is achieved by the fact that in the breathing valve for tanks containing a hollow body with pressure and vacuum valves and connecting flanges and a contact mass transfer device located inside the body, equipped with a disk and irrigated with an annular manifold located above it, connected to the chilled oil supply pipe, the disk is installed in the middle part of the housing, and in the lower - coaxially the inlet of the steam (gas) air mixture is additionally equipped with a ring, the upper edge of which is located dix above the lower edge of the mass transfer device to a value which allows to eliminate leakage of steam (gas) accumulating layer over the bottom of the fluid body.

Placing the disk in the mid-height part of the housing of the breathing valve allows you to double the path and the residence time of the vapor (gas) air mixture in the contact mass transfer device.

Installing an additional ring coaxially to the inlet pipe of the steam (gas) air mixture supplied from the tank so that its upper edge is located above the lower cut of the mass transfer device, eliminates the breakthrough of the mixture without contact with irrigation and provides cross-precise flow movement on the contact device of the breathing valve, as a result, mass transfer occurs more fully between the irrigation fluid moving vertically downward and the vapor (gas) air mixture moving horizontally in the mass transfer device.

Figure 1 shows a breathing valve for tanks, a General view, combined with a section; figure 2 - diagram of its installation and strapping on the tank.

The breathing valve for tanks contains a housing 1 with a connecting pipe 2 with a flange 3 for mounting on the breathing pipe 4 of the tank 5 and a flange 6 for installing pressure valves 7 and vacuum 8. In the housing 1 is installed contact mass transfer device 9, which is equipped with a disk 10 and is made, for example, from a rolled up volumetric metal mesh or Rashig, Paly rings placed between two coaxial flat metal mesh. The upper edge of the additional ring 11 is made above the lower cut of the contact device 9. For irrigation of the contact device 9 above it is an annular collector 12 connected to the pipe 13. A heat exchanger 14 is provided for cooling the irrigation.

The breathing valve for tanks works as follows.

When the reservoir 5 is released from the oil product I, a vacuum is created in it, and atmospheric air VI through the vacuum valve 8 enters through the flange 6 into the housing 1, where twice, before and after the disk 10, passes through the irrigated contact mass transfer device 9 and through the pipe 2 with the flange 3 and pipe 4 enters the tank 5.

When filling the tank 5, the oil product III displaces the vapor (gas) - air mixture V through the pipe 4 and pipe 2 into the housing 1, where it is deflected by the disk 10 and also contacts the irrigation product IV supplied from the collector 12 on the mass transfer device 9. these vapors (gases) are condensed by the irrigated oil product and they are jointly drained through the pipe 2 and pipe 4 into the tank 5. The flow II is cooled in the heat exchanger 14. Air VII purified from hydrocarbon vapors (gases) leaves the housing 1 through the flange 6 and the valve ION 7 into the atmosphere. The volume of flow II supplied through the heat exchanger 14, the collector 11 for irrigation of the contact mass transfer device 9, is 2.5-7.5% of the volume of the product III, pumped into the tank 5.

Thus, in comparison with a tank with a volume of 5 thousand tons with a rigid stationary roof according to the prototype, the basic facility introduced at OAO Udmurtneft, in which the volume of emissions of light hydrocarbon fractions per one filling emptying cycle (big breath) is 2.5 tons the implementation of the inlet (in pairs) of the pipe above the lower cut of the mass transfer network allows to reduce losses due to the exclusion of vapor leakage past the contact device, from 2.5 to 2.2-2.1 tons, i.e. 0.3-0.4 tons

Claims (1)

A breathing valve for tanks, comprising a hollow body with pressure, vacuum valves and connecting flanges and a contact mass transfer device located inside the body, equipped with a disk and irrigated by means of an annular manifold mounted above it, connected to a chilled oil supply pipe, characterized in that, for the purpose of increasing work efficiency - reducing losses of oil products, the disk is installed in the middle part of the case, and in the lower - coaxial pipe for the input of steam (gas) air In addition to the mixture, a ring is installed, the upper edge of which is located above the lower cut of the mass transfer device by an amount that eliminates the leakage of steam (gas) above the layer of liquid accumulating in the lower part of the housing.

Images