RU2408323C2 - Dental implant and dental cast device assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to dentistry, and can be used for dental implantation. A dental cast device for strict cast recording of dental implant position and orientation in the patient's mouth cavity comprises a dental implant and a dental cast device coupled to each other and quickly demountable. The dental implant comprises a head jointed to a distant portion of the dental cast device, and it is jointed through a groove. Retainers are provided in an enveloping portion of the dental implant assembly and in the dental cast device, and reciprocal retainers are mounted in an enveloped portion of the assembly. The enveloped portion is found in the dental implant, while the enveloping portion is arranged in the dental cast device. The enveloping portion has a cavity of size and shape to match with the enveloped portion. A bulge projects from the head and has a hexagonal section, while the retainers of the enveloping portion consist of flanges to be inserted in recesses forming the reciprocal retainers of the enveloped portion. The recesses are provided in walls of the hexagon and are spaced a little from each of its edges.

EFFECT: enabled fast and strict recording of the dental implant position in a jaw to be immediately transferred to a working model.

15 cl, 6 dwg

Description

Field of Technology

The invention relates to therapeutic odontology, to the installation of a dental implant to replace a missing tooth, which can be connected to a device for accurately registering its position in the patient’s oral cavity using the appropriate material to perform the step of taking an impression known to specialists in prosthetics.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a site for a dental implant and a device for taking a dental impression, providing the ability to perform quick and easy accurate registration for direct transfer to the model in order to prepare the denture.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The dental implantology technique is currently widely used, and an increasing number of consumers use it. A common practice is that teeth are replaced by inserting and fixing a dental implant in the bone tissue (for example, in the root of the tooth), which is used as the basis for subsequent fixation of the corresponding denture.

At the first stage of the operation, the dentist performs an osteectomy by drilling a hole in the upper or lower jaw into which a dental implant is inserted for its subsequent integration with bone tissue. The next step: taking an impression, or form, to accurately record the position and orientation of the dental implant in the patient's oral cavity. This accurate registration is performed using materials such as an organosilicon compound, osteosynthesis material, hydrocolloid, etc .; and the mold is transferred to the gypsum model in a subsequent step so that the technician can prepare a temporary or permanent prosthesis.

The process of taking an impression is very important for tooth restoration in accordance with the functional and aesthetic requirements of patients. For this, the form taken must correspond very accurately to the position and orientation of the dental implant installed in the first stage.

To perform this precise registration or form on the implant, there are several instruments or devices known to doctors. Among other well-known technical solutions, mention should be made of impression systems according to US Pat. No. 6,068,478 and PCT International Patent Application WO 03/077789. These two inventions relate to elements that are screwed onto a dental implant to form from cement or other impression material.

The main disadvantage of casting devices screwed to the dental implant is that they require screwing and unscrewing, which slows down the work, and it is necessary to use screws or other auxiliary components that must penetrate the implant itself in order to fix it with this device taking a cast.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention eliminates the above-mentioned disadvantages in each of the above aspects, provides the ability to quickly and easily accurately register the position of the dental implant in the jaw for immediate transfer to the working model from which the final prosthesis will be prepared; performing a site of a dental implant and a device for taking an impression, the design of which is greatly simplified in comparison with the prior art.

In particular, the site of the dental implant and the device for taking the impression is articulated by a simple “snap-in”, or groove, mechanism, because both components are inserted one into the other; and locking means are also provided to provide said articulation when connecting the two components of the assembly;

wherein one component acts as a male part, and the other component acts as a female part.

The dental implant according to the invention is made in the form of a solid body of revolution formed by a head, which in one preferred embodiment is formed by a cylindrical section located on the lower part in the section having the shape of an inverted truncated cone extending in the lower part of the preferably cylindrical body and having an external thread for insertion into a hexagonal hole made in the patient. The implant head has a special configuration for its articulation with the impression device described below.

The casting device is preferably made of plastic and is formed of a preferably cylindrical central body, part of which is capable of fixing the impression material and which is here called the “proximal” (proximal) part, and also this body has the opposite, “distal” (distal) part which is adapted to fit a dental implant.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the male part is located in the head of the dental implant, and the female part is in the back of the dental impression device. It is also possible and reverse implementation, according to which the device for taking a dental impression has a male part, and the female part is made in a dental implant.

In a particular embodiment, the male part has a thickening, and the female part has a cavity whose shape and size correspond to this thickening. According to yet another embodiment, the male portion also includes a cylindrical portion of the implant head connected to the upper base of the bulge. The shape of the cavity forming the female part is suitable for any possible configuration of the male part, and therefore, a good insertion of one part into another is ensured. Moreover, the fixing means in said female part acts in conjunction with the response fixing means in the male part, thereby ensuring the stability of the connection between the two parts.

The bulge acting as a male part when jointed with a cavity may have a circular or polygonal section, preferably a hexagonal section.

The locking means consist of a plurality of protrusions in the female part, the profile of which may be polygonal, semicircular, or with a circular sector, or may have other shapes to which the corresponding recesses correspond; moreover, the recesses form the response fixing means of the covered part. The said fixing means or protrusions are made in at least one of the inner walls of the cavity, preferably in each of these walls, if the cavity section is hexagonal or has the shape of another polygon. Response fixing means, or recesses, can be made in at least one external wall of the bulge, preferably in each of these walls, if the cavity section is hexagonal or has the shape of another polygon, or in the outer wall of the cylindrical section of the head of the dental implant. According to another alternative implementation: a cylindrical section, from the upper base of which acts as a covered part of the thickening, can be performed in the device taking a cast; moreover, the cavity corresponds to these forms of thickening, while the cylindrical section is in the dental implant. According to the last possible implementation: the locking protrusions are located on the peripheral surface of the cavity, surrounding its hole, and the locking recesses are located in the upper base of the aforementioned cylindrical section, which is the covered part in this node.

Preferably, the locking means are located on the peripheral surface with respect to the cavity, and the response locking means are located in the upper base of the cylindrical section. The fixing means may be located in that part of the cavity, the shape and dimensions of which correspond to the cylindrical section; and response locking means are located in at least one outer wall of the cylindrical section. Preferably, the locking means are located in that part of the cavity, the shape and dimensions of which correspond to the cylindrical section; and response locking means are located in at least one outer wall of the cylindrical section.

Thanks to such a locking mechanism, when the male part enters the cavity, the protrusions are connected to the recesses, providing stable fixation in the articulation of the impression taking device with the dental implant.

In addition, the device for taking an impression has a proximal part that fixes the impression material. The size and ergonomics of this proximal part are adjusted so that the device for taking the impression can be placed in any area of the jaw in which the dental implant can be fixed; and also its structural characteristics prevent accidental movement of the said device vertically or pivotally inside the impression material when it is embedded in the material.

The near part of the device for taking an impression has two elements in the form of disks, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the distal part, and which are located perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the said device; moreover, other configurations known to those skilled in the art can be used: completely round with at least one flat side surface, hexagonal, octagonal configurations, etc. These disks are parallel and have the same size and shape, separated from each other by an appropriate interval to fix the impression material between them and prevent their vertical movement.

The preferred number of discs is two so that they can be cut off in the case of a small neck height; the farthest disk is used for its vertical fastening with the side grooves in the far part. According to a preferred embodiment, the proximal portion has a smaller diameter than the distal portion, which may have side grooves in order to prevent the device from turning inside the impression material, and to further ensure vertical fixation, acting in conjunction with the proximal discs.

Brief Description of Drawings

In addition to the foregoing, and in order to explain the features of the invention in accordance with its preferred practical implementation: the drawings are attached, which are an integral part of the description and which are explanatory and not limiting.

Figure 1 shows a vertical projection of a dental implant with a male joint part according to a preferred embodiment of the assembly of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows a bottom perspective view of a device for taking a dental impression with a female articulating part for articulation with the dental implant shown in the previous drawing.

Figure 3 shows a bottom perspective view of a dental implant and a dental impression device assembly shown in the corresponding previous drawings, in a position for a groove joint according to an aspect of the invention.

Figure 4 shows perspective images from below from below of a female part of a dental impression device; three alternative embodiments are shown in detail.

Figure 5 shows perspective images from below of the male part of a dental implant according to a possible embodiment.

6 shows two side views and a frontal vertical projection of a device for taking a dental impression of the node of the object of the invention according to the preferred embodiment.

Preferred Embodiment

Turning to the drawings, an embodiment is shown, which consists of two parts or components: a dental implant (1) and a device (10) for taking a dental impression. The dental implant (1) is formed by a threaded body (2) for fixing it in the upper jaw of the patient, while this body is located in the upper part and passes into the head (3) according to Figure 1, and is made with the possibility of articulating connection with the device (10 ) taking the dental impression shown in the drawing of Figure 2. The threaded housing (2), as an option, can have at least one cavity (22) on the lower part on one side to enable the insertion of a dental implant (1) by means of a thread into an artificial hexagonal hole, previously made in the bone of the upper jaw (not shown).

According to Fig.2 and 6: the device (10) for taking a dental impression has two opposite parts relative to its midline (M): the distal part (11), with which the mentioned device (10) for taking a dental impression is articulated with a dental implant (1 ); and the proximal portion (19), adapted to contain the material used to take the impression, and located inside the material used in this operation.

This device (10) for taking a dental impression is made in the form of a body of revolution, and is preferably made of plastic, with both parts (11, 19) following the axis of rotation (A), forming in the near part (19) a pair of disks (20, 20 ' ) perpendicular to the axis of rotation (A); moreover, the material of the impression is fixed between these disks, as a result of which the device (10) for taking the dental impression is fixed inside the said material, without the possibility of an accidental vertical movement that could interfere with the taking of the impression. According to FIGS. 2 and 6, the disks (20, 20 ') for fixing the impression material can be completely round or have a flat side surface, thereby providing an anti-rotation effect for the device (10) for taking a dental impression in the material into which it is embedded. In this embodiment, the distal part (11) and the proximal part (19) have a circular cross section in the form of a main cylindrical body in which the distal part (11) has a larger diameter than the proximal part (19) and the diameter of two disks (20, 20 '), in turn, slightly exceeds the diameter of the distal part (11).

As follows from the above, the dental implant (1) and the device (10) for taking an impression are made with the possibility of articulation with each other, building a node along the aforementioned axis (A) using groove means; moreover, the head (3) of the dental implant (1) is opposite the lower base of the distal part (11) of the device (10) taking the impression: Figure 3. In this case, the bulge (4) protrudes from the head (3) and preferably has a hexagonal section, forming a male part in the joint; moreover, the distal part (11) has a cavity (13), acting as an enclosing part, which contains a thickening (4). According to a preferred embodiment, the cavity (13) is also hexagonal and its dimensions provide a good fit with said thickening (4).

To attach the device (10) for taking the dental impression to the dental implant (1) after the articulation of the male and female parts, these two parts have fixing means corresponding to each other in order to completely fix the details of the articulated assembly. According to FIGS. 3 and 4: said fixing means consist of protrusions (12) in the inner wall (s) of the cavity (13). Fragments (A), (B) and (C) shown in Fig. 4, respectively, show different implementations of the protrusions (12): with beveled edges having a polygonal or angular profile, in the form of a hemisphere with corresponding semicircular or round sector profiles, and etc. - among other possible structures that perform the function of ensuring stable fixation between the jointed components of the assembly.

Accordingly, according to FIGS. 3 and 5: the male part of the dental implant (1) has recesses (14), the shape and dimensions of which allow the entry of said protrusions (12); moreover, a pair of recesses (14), for example, from the point of view of its quantity and position, is identical to the protrusions (12) themselves for each corresponding pair of protrusions (12); wherein said recesses are logically located in each outer or inner surface or wall of the hexagon, depending on whether they are a bulge (4) or a cavity (13); and they are a short distance from each edge of the hexagonal element. The location of the fixing means and their respective means can be changed, which will create many possible alternative implementations.

Figure 5 shows in more detail the head (3) of the dental implant (1), made in the form of a cylindrical part (15), from which the bulge (4) protrudes, and the lower part of which passes into the section (16) in the form of a truncated cone, with which threaded housing (2) is connected. The recesses (14) are made in the thickening (4), acting as a covering part; moreover, these recesses are located on the side surfaces, as mentioned above, but they can also be located on the outer edges of the aforementioned bulge (4) or surround this bulge at the upper base (17) of the cylindrical section (15), or in the outer wall of the said cylindrical section. The position of the recesses (14) determines the reciprocal shape of the protrusions (12) in the cavity (13) of the enclosing part of the assembly and, in this case, the distal part (11) of the dental impression device (10).

The aforementioned distal part (11) also has at least one side groove (21), for example, two opposite grooves working together inside the impression material to prevent counter-rotation: as a combined complement to the two disks (20 and 20 '), to ensure lack of mobility in the vertical movement of the device (10) taking the impression.

This invention is set forth in accordance with several preferred embodiments, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that many modifications can be made to the object of the claimed invention, as well as their combination. All details and auxiliary elements, as well as the shapes, sizes and materials of the assembly of the dental impression device described herein, can be expediently replaced with other equivalents within the scope of the attached claims.

Claims (14)

1. Device for taking an impression for accurate registration using the material of the impression of the position and orientation of the dental implant in the oral cavity of the patient, containing a dental implant and a device for taking a dental impression, interconnected with the possibility of quick connection, and the dental implant (1) contains a head (3 ) made with the possibility of articulation with the distal part (11) of the device (10) for taking a dental impression; moreover, the mentioned joint is carried out using a groove; fixing means are made in the covering part of the dental implant assembly and in the impression taking device, while the response fixing means are made in the covered part of the assembly in order to fix their joint and prevent vertical movement between the jointed parts; wherein the male part is in the dental implant (1) and the female part is in the device (10) for taking a dental impression; moreover, the female part has a cavity (13), the shape and dimensions of which correspond to the male part; wherein the bulge (4) protrudes from the head (3) and has a hexagonal section and the fixing means of the female part are made up of protrusions (12) configured to enter the recesses (14), forming response locking means of the male part, characterized in that the recesses are located in the walls of the hexagon, the recesses being at a small distance from each edge of the hexagonal element. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the protrusions (12) have a profile selected from the group including a polygonal profile, a profile of a semicircular or circular sector. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing means are located in at least one inner wall of the cavity (13) and the response fixing means are located in at least one outer wall of the bulge (4). 4. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the male part also comprises a cylindrical section (15) connected to its thickening (4) on its upper base (17). 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the fixing means are located on the peripheral surface (18) with respect to the cavity (13) and the response fixing means are located in the upper base (17) of the cylindrical section (15). 6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the locking means are located in that part of the cavity (13), the shape and dimensions of which correspond to the cylindrical section (15); and response locking means are located in at least one outer wall of the cylindrical section (15). 7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the fixing means are located in that part of the cavity (13), the shape and dimensions of which correspond to the cylindrical section (15); and response locking means are located in at least one outer wall of the cylindrical section (15). 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device (10) for taking a dental impression has a proximal portion (19) adapted for fixing the material of the impression. 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the distal part (11) and the proximal part (19) have a substantially cylindrical configuration with the same axis of rotation (A). 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the proximal portion (19) has a smaller diameter than the distal portion (11). 11. Device according to any one of paragraphs.8-10, characterized in that the proximal part (19) has two disks (20, 20 ') with a diameter larger than the diameter of the distal part (11), and which are perpendicular to the axis of rotation ( A) and with an interval between them, to prevent vertical movement of the device (10) taking the impression in the material of the impression. 12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that the disks (20, 20 ') have at least one flat lateral side forming an anti-rotation supplement for the device (10) for taking a dental impression inside the impression material. 13. A device according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the distal portion (11) has at least one lateral groove (21) forming an anti-rotation supplement for the device (10) for taking a dental impression inside the impression material. 14. A device according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the device (10) for taking an impression is made of plastic.

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